CN111136404B - Low-nickel nitrogen-containing austenitic stainless steel welding rod and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Low-nickel nitrogen-containing austenitic stainless steel welding rod and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN111136404B CN111136404B CN202010100213.7A CN202010100213A CN111136404B CN 111136404 B CN111136404 B CN 111136404B CN 202010100213 A CN202010100213 A CN 202010100213A CN 111136404 B CN111136404 B CN 111136404B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
- B23K35/22—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by the composition or nature of the material
- B23K35/24—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper
- B23K35/30—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper with the principal constituent melting at less than 1550 degrees C
- B23K35/3053—Fe as the principal constituent
- B23K35/308—Fe as the principal constituent with Cr as next major constituent
- B23K35/3086—Fe as the principal constituent with Cr as next major constituent containing Ni or Mn
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
- B23K35/02—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by mechanical features, e.g. shape
- B23K35/0255—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by mechanical features, e.g. shape for use in welding
- B23K35/0261—Rods, electrodes, wires
- B23K35/0272—Rods, electrodes, wires with more than one layer of coating or sheathing material
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
- B23K35/22—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by the composition or nature of the material
- B23K35/36—Selection of non-metallic compositions, e.g. coatings, fluxes; Selection of soldering or welding materials, conjoint with selection of non-metallic compositions, both selections being of interest
- B23K35/3601—Selection of non-metallic compositions, e.g. coatings, fluxes; Selection of soldering or welding materials, conjoint with selection of non-metallic compositions, both selections being of interest with inorganic compounds as principal constituents
- B23K35/3602—Carbonates, basic oxides or hydroxides
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
- B23K35/22—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by the composition or nature of the material
- B23K35/36—Selection of non-metallic compositions, e.g. coatings, fluxes; Selection of soldering or welding materials, conjoint with selection of non-metallic compositions, both selections being of interest
- B23K35/365—Selection of non-metallic compositions of coating materials either alone or conjoint with selection of soldering or welding materials
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
- B23K35/40—Making wire or rods for soldering or welding
- B23K35/404—Coated rods; Coated electrodes
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Nonmetallic Welding Materials (AREA)
- Arc Welding In General (AREA)
Abstract
A low-nickel nitrogen-containing austenitic stainless steel welding rod and a preparation method thereof. The invention belongs to the technical field of welding materials. The invention aims to solve the technical problems of poor pitting corrosion resistance and low-temperature impact toughness of the joint welded by using the conventional stainless steel welding rod to the low-nickel nitrogen-containing austenitic stainless steel at present. The low-nickel nitrogen-containing austenitic stainless steel welding rod comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass: less than or equal to 0.04%, Si: less than or equal to 0.90 percent, Mn: 5.00-8.00%, P is less than or equal to 0.025%, S is less than or equal to 0.020%, Cr: 17.00% -20.00%, Ni: 2.00% -3.00%, Mo: less than or equal to 0.75 percent, Cu: less than or equal to 0.75 percent, N: 0.10 to 0.30 percent and the balance of Fe. The method comprises the following steps: weighing marble, fluorite, cryolite, rutile, rare earth fluoride, alkali, atomized ferrosilicon, electrolytic manganese metal, nickel powder, ferrotitanium, chromium metal and iron powder according to the component proportion, and mixing to obtain a coating; and secondly, uniformly mixing the coating and potassium-sodium water glass, coating the mixture on a stainless steel core wire, and baking the mixture at low temperature and high temperature to obtain the low-nickel nitrogen-containing austenitic stainless steel welding rod. The welding rod of the invention has excellent comprehensive performance.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of welding materials, and particularly relates to a low-nickel nitrogen-containing austenitic stainless steel welding rod and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The low-nickel nitrogen-containing austenitic stainless steel mainly utilizes nitrogen element to partially or even completely replace alloy element nickel to obtain a single-phase austenitic structure, and the alloying by utilizing the nitrogen has many advantages, for example, compared with carbon, the nitrogen is more effective solid solution strengthening element, simultaneously can promote grain refinement, the nitrogen is strong austenite forming element, can save nickel content, reduce ferrite and deformation martensite forming opportunity, and the nitrogen can greatly improve the pitting corrosion resistance of the material.
The low-nickel nitrogen-containing austenitic stainless steel has good plasticity, corrosion resistance and high temperature resistance, is widely applied to the industries of ships, aviation, chemical engineering, petroleum containers and the like, but the problems of nitrogen element loss, air holes, hot cracks in a welding seam area, pitting corrosion caused by nitride precipitation in a heat affected zone and the like easily generated in a welding joint when the low-nickel nitrogen-containing austenitic stainless steel is welded by adopting a conventional stainless steel welding rod, and the low-temperature impact toughness is low, so that the popularization and the application of the steel are further limited, particularly, the research and development of the welding rod suitable for the stainless steel welding are blank at present, and no relevant literature report is found so far.
Therefore, the development of the matched welding rod has great significance for improving the applicability of the welding process of the low-nickel nitrogen-containing austenitic stainless steel and improving the low-temperature impact toughness and the pitting corrosion resistance of a welding joint.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a low-nickel nitrogen-containing austenitic stainless steel welding rod and a preparation method thereof, aiming at solving the technical problems that the joint welded by the conventional stainless steel welding rod to the low-nickel nitrogen-containing austenitic stainless steel has poor pitting corrosion resistance and low-temperature impact toughness.
The low-nickel nitrogen-containing austenitic stainless steel welding rod comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass: less than or equal to 0.04%, Si: less than or equal to 0.90 percent, Mn: 5.00-8.00%, P is less than or equal to 0.025%, S is less than or equal to 0.020%, Cr: 17.00% -20.00%, Ni: 2.00% -3.00%, Mo: less than or equal to 0.75 percent, Cu: less than or equal to 0.75 percent, N: 0.10 to 0.30 percent and the balance of Fe.
The method for preparing the low-nickel nitrogen-containing austenitic stainless steel welding rod comprises the following steps of:
weighing marble, fluorite, cryolite, rutile, rare earth fluoride, alkali, atomized ferrosilicon, electrolytic manganese metal, nickel powder, ferrotitanium, chromium metal and iron powder according to the component proportion of the low-nickel nitrogen-containing austenitic stainless steel welding rod, and mixing to obtain a coating;
and secondly, uniformly mixing the coating and sodium potassium water glass to obtain a coating mixture, coating the coating mixture on a stainless steel core wire through a press coater, and sequentially performing low-temperature baking and high-temperature baking to obtain the low-nickel nitrogen-containing austenitic stainless steel welding rod.
Further limiting, in the step one, the coating is formed by mixing 22% of marble, 6% of fluorite, 20% of cryolite, 20% of rutile, 2% of rare earth fluoride, 1% of alkali, 1% of atomized silicon iron, 10% of electrolytic manganese metal, 1% of nickel powder, 4% of ferrotitanium, 10% of chromium metal and 3% of iron powder according to mass fraction.
Further limiting, in the second step, the mass ratio of the potassium-sodium water glass to the coating in the coating mixture is 1: (4-6).
Further limiting, in the second step, the mass ratio of the potassium-sodium water glass to the coating in the coating mixture is 1: 5.
and further limiting, the potassium-sodium silicate in the step two is used as a binder, the ratio of potassium to sodium is 3:1, the modulus is 2.8-3.0, and the concentration is 41-43-degree Be'.
And further limiting, in the step two, the low-temperature baking temperature is 130-160 ℃, and the time is 2 hours.
And further limiting, in the step two, the high-temperature baking temperature is 320-350 ℃, and the time is 2 hours.
Further limiting, in the second step, the stainless steel core wire comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass: 0.021%, Si: 0.042%, Mn: 6.63%, S: 0.005%, P: 0.015%, Cr: 18.22%, Ni: 2.90%, N: 0.25% and balance Fe.
The low-nickel nitrogen-containing austenitic stainless steel welding rod mainly utilizes nitrogen element to partially replace alloy element nickel to obtain a single-phase austenitic structure, and is used for welding novel low-nickel austenitic stainless steel, the low-nickel nitrogen-containing austenitic stainless steel welding rod can save a large amount of nickel resources, and the low-nickel nitrogen-containing austenitic stainless steel welding rod is alloyed by nitrogen, so that the low-nickel nitrogen-containing austenitic stainless steel welding rod has a plurality of advantages, specifically the following steps:
1) the nitrogen in the welding rod is a more effective solid solution strengthening element, can promote the grain refinement, and the nitrogen is a strong austenite forming element, so that the nickel content in the alloy can be saved, and is reduced to 2.00-3.00% from the nickel content of 11.0-14.0% in the conventional stainless steel welding rod;
2) reducing the formation of ferrite and deformed martensite, greatly improving the pitting corrosion resistance of the material, and ensuring that the pitting corrosion rate of a welding joint of the low-nickel austenitic stainless steel welded by the conventional stainless steel welding rod is 10.00g/m2·h～20.00g/m2H, and the corrosion rate of the welding joint point of the low-nickel and nitrogen-containing austenitic stainless steel welded by the low-nickel and nitrogen-containing austenitic stainless steel welding rod of the invention is less than 10.00g/m2·h；
3) The low-temperature impact toughness of the welding joint at minus 60 ℃ is greatly improved, and the impact toughness is improved to more than 70J from 50J of the welding joint of the conventional welding rod.
Detailed Description
The first embodiment is as follows: the low-nickel nitrogen-containing austenitic stainless steel welding rod in the embodiment comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass: 0.024%, Si: 0.42%, Mn: 6.01%, P: 0.022%, S: 0.008%, Cr: 17.87%, Ni: 2.55%, Mo: 0.02%, Cu: less than or equal to 0.01 percent, N: 0.26% and the balance Fe.
The method for preparing the low-nickel nitrogen-containing austenitic stainless steel welding rod comprises the following steps:
weighing marble, fluorite, cryolite, rutile, rare earth fluoride, alkali, atomized ferrosilicon, electrolytic manganese metal, nickel powder, ferrotitanium, chromium metal and iron powder according to the component proportion of the low-nickel nitrogen-containing austenitic stainless steel welding rod, and mixing to obtain a coating; wherein marble 22 wt.%, fluorite 6 wt.%, cryolite 20 wt.%, rutile 20 wt.%, rare earth fluoride 2 wt.%, alkali 1 wt.%, atomized silicon iron 1 wt.%, electrolytic manganese metal 10 wt.%, nickel powder 1 wt.%, ferrotitanium 4 wt.%, chromium metal 10 wt.% and iron powder 3 wt.%;
secondly, uniformly mixing the coating and sodium potassium water glass to obtain a coating mixture, coating the coating mixture on a stainless steel core wire through a press coater, and sequentially carrying out low-temperature baking and high-temperature baking to obtain the diameter
A low nickel, nitrogen containing austenitic stainless steel electrode.
In the second step, the mass ratio of the potassium-sodium water glass to the coating in the coating mixture is 1: 5.
in the second step, the mass ratio of potassium to sodium in the potassium sodium silicate is 3:1, the modulus is 2.9, and the concentration is 41.5 DEG Be'.
And in the second step, the low-temperature baking temperature is 150 ℃ and the time is 2 hours.
And in the second step, the high-temperature baking temperature is 340 ℃, and the time is 2 hours.
In the second step, the stainless steel welding core comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass: 0.021%, Si: 0.042%, Mn: 6.63%, S: 0.005%, P: 0.015%, Cr: 18.22%, Ni: 2.90%, N: 0.25% and balance Fe.
Verification test
A low-nickel nitrogen-containing austenitic stainless steel welding rod in the first specific embodiment is adopted, a low-nickel nitrogen-containing austenitic stainless steel test plate is welded under different process parameters, then the welded butt joint test plate is respectively processed into a standard V-shaped notch impact test sample and a standard pitting corrosion test sample, and the results of low-temperature impact absorption energy at minus 60 ℃ and pitting corrosion rate under different welding process parameters are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1 results of-60 ℃ Low temperature impact absorption energy and Point Corrosion Rate for different welding Process parameters
The welding rod deposited metal has reasonable chemical component proportion, improves the content of nitrogen element and manganese element, is beneficial to the solid solution of nitrogen, has high deposited metal strength and strong pitting corrosion resistance, still shows excellent impact toughness at the low temperature of-60 ℃, has good welding process adaptability, is suitable for welding low-nickel nitrogen-containing austenitic stainless steel, and is particularly suitable for welding austenitic stainless steel with requirements on low-temperature impact toughness.
Claims (4)
1. The preparation method of the low-nickel nitrogen-containing austenitic stainless steel welding rod is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
weighing 22% of marble, 6% of fluorite, 20% of cryolite, 20% of rutile, 2% of rare earth fluoride, 1% of alkali, 1% of atomized ferrosilicon, 10% of electrolytic manganese metal, 1% of nickel powder, 4% of ferrotitanium, 10% of chromium metal and 3% of iron powder according to the component proportion of the low-nickel nitrogen-containing austenitic stainless steel electrode, and mixing to obtain a coating; the stainless steel welding rod comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass: 0.024%, Si: 0.42%, Mn: 6.01%, P: 0.022%, S: 0.008%, Cr: 17.87%, Ni: 2.55%, Mo: 0.02%, Cu: less than or equal to 0.01 percent, N: 0.26% and balance Fe;
secondly, uniformly mixing the coating and sodium potassium water glass to obtain a coating mixture, coating the coating mixture on a stainless steel core wire through a press coater, and sequentially performing low-temperature baking and high-temperature baking to obtain a low-nickel nitrogen-containing austenitic stainless steel welding rod; the stainless steel core wire comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass: 0.021%, Si: 0.042%, Mn: 6.63%, S: 0.005%, P: 0.015%, Cr: 18.22%, Ni: 2.90%, N: 0.25% and balance Fe; the low-temperature baking temperature is 130-160 ℃; the high-temperature baking temperature is 320-350 ℃.
2. The method for preparing a low-nickel and nitrogen-containing austenitic stainless steel welding rod as claimed in claim 1, wherein the mass ratio of potassium sodium water glass to coating in the coating mixture in the second step is 1: (4-6).
3. The method for preparing a low-nickel and nitrogen-containing austenitic stainless steel welding rod as claimed in claim 1, wherein the mass ratio of potassium sodium water glass to coating in the coating mixture in the second step is 1: 5.
4. the method for preparing a low-nickel and nitrogen-containing austenitic stainless steel welding rod as claimed in claim 1, wherein the potassium-sodium ratio of the potassium-sodium water glass in the second step is 3: 1.
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| CN111876680B (en) * | 2020-07-20 | 2021-06-29 | 哈尔滨焊接研究院有限公司 | Low-nickel nitrogen-containing austenitic stainless steel non-consumable electrode gas protection welding wire and preparation method thereof |
| CN112621018B (en) * | 2020-12-09 | 2022-08-12 | 内蒙古第一机械集团股份有限公司 | Welding rod for high-nitrogen austenitic stainless steel and manufacturing process thereof |
| CN112658532B (en) * | 2020-12-11 | 2022-07-12 | 四川大西洋焊接材料股份有限公司 | Coating of austenitic stainless steel welding rod, preparation method and application |
| CN113146097B (en) * | 2021-03-03 | 2022-06-17 | 北京金威焊材有限公司 | Nickel-saving high-nitrogen austenitic stainless steel gas-shielded flux-cored wire and preparation method thereof |
| CN113146096B (en) * | 2021-03-03 | 2022-07-15 | 北京金威焊材有限公司 | Welding strip for nickel-saving high-nitrogen austenitic stainless steel strip electrode surfacing, matched welding agent and preparation method of welding strip |
| CN114310035B (en) * | 2022-01-11 | 2023-03-24 | 哈尔滨焊接研究院有限公司 | Flux-cored wire suitable for nickel-saving austenitic stainless steel backing welding and preparation method thereof |
| CN115255349A (en) * | 2022-06-24 | 2022-11-01 | 哈尔滨焊接研究院有限公司 | Low-nickel austenitic stainless steel alloy powder for laser additive manufacturing and preparation method and application thereof |
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| US3740525A (en) * | 1969-11-29 | 1973-06-19 | Boehler & Co Ag Geb | Process of making fully austenitic welded joints which are insusceptible to hot cracking |
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