CN111136221A - Riser-free process at welding end of high-pound-grade brake valve body - Google Patents
Riser-free process at welding end of high-pound-grade brake valve body Download PDFInfo
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- CN111136221A CN111136221A CN202010188358.7A CN202010188358A CN111136221A CN 111136221 A CN111136221 A CN 111136221A CN 202010188358 A CN202010188358 A CN 202010188358A CN 111136221 A CN111136221 A CN 111136221A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
- B22C9/00—Moulds or cores; Moulding processes
- B22C9/08—Features with respect to supply of molten metal, e.g. ingates, circular gates, skim gates
- B22C9/088—Feeder heads
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
- B22C9/00—Moulds or cores; Moulding processes
- B22C9/02—Sand moulds or like moulds for shaped castings
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
- B22C9/00—Moulds or cores; Moulding processes
- B22C9/22—Moulds for peculiarly-shaped castings
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D15/00—Casting using a mould or core of which a part significant to the process is of high thermal conductivity, e.g. chill casting; Moulds or accessories specially adapted therefor
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/18—Hardening; Quenching with or without subsequent tempering
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/26—Methods of annealing
- C21D1/28—Normalising
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- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of casting of steel castings, and discloses a riser-free process at a welding end of a high-class brake valve body. The invention eliminates the riser originally placed at the welding end of the brake valve body by a method of supplementing the riser from the seat part of the brake valve body to the welding end, so that the riser is not placed at the welding end of the high-grade brake valve body, and the brake valve body with the defect-free seat part can be produced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of steel casting, in particular to a non-riser process at a welding end of a high-pound-grade brake valve body.
Background
The valve is a control part in a pipeline fluid conveying system, is used for changing the section of a passage and the flowing direction of a medium, and has the functions of diversion, cut-off, throttling, check, flow splitting, overflow pressure relief and the like. The working pressure of the valve can be from 0.0013MPa to 1000MPa of ultrahigh pressure, and the working temperature can be from-270 ℃ of ultralow temperature to 1430 ℃ of high temperature.
The gate valve has the advantages of small flow resistance, labor saving during opening and closing, simple body, short structural length, good manufacturing manufacturability and the like, so the current industrial valve is most widely used as the gate valve; in the prior art, a riser is placed at the welding end of the gate valve body for feeding the welding end when the gate valve body with the welding end is produced, so that the defect of shrinkage cavity at the welding end is prevented.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a riser-free process at a welding end of a high-pound-grade brake valve body, which aims to solve the defects that in the prior art, a welding end is required to be provided with a riser for feeding the welding end, and the welding end has a shrinkage cavity defect.
The invention provides a non-riser process at a welding end of a high-pound-grade brake valve body, which comprises the following steps of:
s1, selection of a riser: taking local hot spots as central segmentation areas, designing at least one riser at each hot spot, calculating a modulus according to the hot spots, calculating the modulus and the supplement distance of each hot spot of the gate valve body and the supplement weight of the required risers, and selecting the size and the number of the risers meeting the position conditions of each hot spot according to calculation and the use of a chilling block cold shock material;
s2, after the operation of the step S1 is completed, the modulus of the casting, the supplement weight and the supplement distance determine the size and the number of risers, two blind risers are placed at the joint line of the middle flange of the casting of the gate valve body at the welding end according to calculation, and two open risers are placed at the seat part;
s3, after the step S2 is completed, a number 4 chilling block is respectively placed on the upper die and the lower die by matching with a flange in a casting of the chilling block, the number is 100m in length, 80mm in width and 60mm in thickness, a number 4 chilling block is respectively placed on the two sides of the lower die of the seat part, the number is 100m in length, 80mm in width and 60mm in thickness, and the number is 90m in length, 60mm in width and 45mm in thickness for the two number 3 chilling blocks so as to achieve the required supplement distance;
s4, cold shock material: in order to increase the chilling effect of the welding end, reduce the modulus of the welding end, increase the thermal gradient between the welding end and the seat part, and facilitate the riser of the seat part to supplement the welding end to the welding end position with respect to the specification, the welding end position of the whole gate valve body is completely wrapped by chromite sand;
s5, designing a vent hole at each local peak, wherein the design standard of the vent hole is as follows: the length is the thickness of the wall, the width is 0.5 times the thickness of the wall, and the height is 5 mm;
s6, after the step S5 is completed, a ventilating seat is designed at the position of the middle flange in the casting with the specification, wherein the ventilating seat is 90m long, 45mm wide and 5mm high, and the ventilating seats are designed at the positions, to the highest points, of the welding end positions on the two sides, of 60m long, 30mm wide and 5mm high.
Preferably, the cold-shock materials used in the step S4 are chromite sand and chiller.
Preferably, the thickness of the chilling block is 0.5-1 of the thickness of the flange, and the thickness of the chromite sand is 10-15 mm.
Preferably, the cold iron and the chromite sand both need to be subjected to heat treatment, and the heat treatment steps are as follows:
m1, annealing: putting the cold iron and the chromite sand into a smelting furnace, heating to 1050-1200 ℃, and keeping the temperature for 1-2 hours;
m2, after the step M1 is completed, normalizing;
m3, quenching: after the step M2 is completed, taking the chilling block and the chromite sand out of the smelting furnace and putting the chilling block and the chromite sand into a cooling pool to realize rapid cooling until the cooling is carried out to the room temperature;
m4, tempering the cold iron and the chromite sand after the step M3 is finished.
Preferably, the M2 normalizing treatment step comprises the steps of placing the cold iron and the chromite sand in a smelting furnace to be cooled to 750-900 ℃ after the M1 annealing treatment is completed, and preserving heat for 3-4 h.
Preferably, the M4 tempering treatment specifically comprises that the hardness of the chilling block and the chromite sand is detected to be qualified, the composite plate body is put into the smelting furnace again and heated to 110-710 ℃, the temperature is kept for 3-4h, the composite plate body is taken out of the smelting furnace, and the composite plate body is naturally cooled to the room temperature, and the cooling speed is less than 90 ℃ per hour.
Preferably, the position of the ventilation seat is located at the highest point of the upper die of the middle flange and the welding end, and the design reference is as follows: the length is the thickness of the wall, the width is 0.5 times the thickness of the wall, and the height is 5 mm.
The riser-free process at the welding end of the high-pound-grade gate valve body has the advantages that the riser originally placed at the welding end of the gate valve body is eliminated by a method of supplementing the riser from the riser of the seat part of the gate valve body to the welding end, so that the riser is not placed at the welding end of the high-pound-grade gate valve body, and the gate valve body with the defect-free seat part can be produced.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a front view of a cross-sectional structure of a riser position of a non-riser process at a welding end of a high-pound-grade brake valve body according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a side view in cross-section of a feeder location for a high pound-grade brake valve body weld end feeder-free process in accordance with the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a table comparing the molten steel utilization rate of a non-riser process at the welding end of a high-pound brake valve body according to the present invention with that of a conventional process.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated by the following examples.
Example 1
Referring to fig. 1-3, a no-riser process at the welded end of a high pound-grade brake valve body includes the steps of:
s1, selection of a riser: taking local hot spots as central segmentation areas, designing at least one riser at each hot spot, calculating a modulus according to the hot spots, calculating the modulus and the supplement distance of each hot spot of the gate valve body and the supplement weight of the required risers, and selecting the size and the number of the risers meeting the position conditions of each hot spot according to calculation and the use of a chilling block cold shock material;
s2, after the operation of the step S1 is completed, the modulus of the casting, the supplement weight and the supplement distance determine the size and the number of risers, two blind risers are placed at the joint line of the middle flange of the casting of the gate valve body at the welding end according to calculation, and two open risers are placed at the seat part;
s3, after the step S2 is completed, a number 4 chilling block is respectively placed on the upper die and the lower die by matching with a flange in a casting of the chilling block, the number is 100m in length, 80mm in width and 60mm in thickness, a number 4 chilling block is respectively placed on the two sides of the lower die of the seat part, the number is 100m in length, 80mm in width and 60mm in thickness, and the number is 90m in length, 60mm in width and 45mm in thickness for the two number 3 chilling blocks so as to achieve the required supplement distance;
s4, cold shock material: in order to increase the chilling effect of the welding end, reduce the modulus of the welding end, increase the thermal gradient of the welding end and the seat part, and facilitate the riser of the seat part to supplement the welding end with the welding end position according to the specification, the welding end position of the whole gate valve body is completely wrapped by chromite sand, the chilling material is specifically chromite sand and chiller, the thickness of the chiller is 0.5 of the thickness of the flange, and the thickness of the chromite sand is 10 mm;
the cold iron and the chromite sand need to be subjected to heat treatment, and the heat treatment comprises the following steps:
m1, annealing: putting the cold iron and the chromite sand into a smelting furnace, heating to 1050 ℃, and keeping the temperature for 1 h;
m2, carrying out normalizing treatment, and after the M1 annealing treatment is finished, placing the chilling block and the chromite sand in a smelting furnace, cooling to 750 ℃, and preserving heat for 3 hours;
m3, quenching: after the step M2 is completed, taking the chilling block and the chromite sand out of the smelting furnace and putting the chilling block and the chromite sand into a cooling pool to realize rapid cooling until the cooling is carried out to the room temperature;
m4, after the step M3 is completed, the M4 tempering treatment specifically comprises that the hardness of the chilling block and the chromite sand is detected to be qualified, the composite plate body is placed into the smelting furnace again to be heated to 110 ℃, the temperature is preserved for 3 hours, and then the composite plate body is taken out of the smelting furnace until the composite plate body is naturally cooled to the room temperature, and the cooling speed is less than 90 ℃ per hour.
The effect of the heat treatment can ensure the hardness, toughness and fracture resistance of the chiller and the chromite sand, and improve the performance of the chiller and the chromite sand, thereby improving the overall strength of the riser.
S5, designing a vent hole at each local peak, wherein the design standard of the vent hole is as follows: the length is the thickness of the wall, the width is 0.5 times the thickness of the wall, and the height is 5 mm;
s6, after the step S5 is completed, a ventilating seat is designed at the position of the middle flange in the casting with the specification, wherein the ventilating seat is 90m long, 45mm wide and 5mm high, and the ventilating seats are designed at the positions, to the highest points, of the welding end positions on the two sides, of 60m long, 30mm wide and 5mm high.
The invention can eliminate the riser originally placed at the welding end of the brake valve body by a method of supplementing the riser from the riser of the brake valve body seat part to the welding end, so that the riser is not placed at the welding end of the high-grade brake valve body, and the brake valve body with the defect-free seat part can be produced.
Example 2
This embodiment is another embodiment of the present invention, and the difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that a non-riser process at the welding end of a high-pound-grade brake valve body, comprising the following steps:
s1, selection of a riser: taking local hot spots as central segmentation areas, designing at least one riser at each hot spot, calculating a modulus according to the hot spots, calculating the modulus and the supplement distance of each hot spot of the gate valve body and the supplement weight of the required risers, and selecting the size and the number of the risers meeting the position conditions of each hot spot according to calculation and the use of a chilling block cold shock material;
s2, after the operation of the step S1 is completed, the modulus of the casting, the supplement weight and the supplement distance determine the size and the number of risers, two blind risers are placed at the joint line of the middle flange of the casting of the gate valve body at the welding end according to calculation, and two open risers are placed at the seat part;
s3, after the step S2 is completed, a number 4 chilling block is respectively placed on the upper die and the lower die by matching with a flange in a casting of the chilling block, the number is 100m in length, 80mm in width and 60mm in thickness, a number 4 chilling block is respectively placed on the two sides of the lower die of the seat part, the number is 100m in length, 80mm in width and 60mm in thickness, and the number is 90m in length, 60mm in width and 45mm in thickness for the two number 3 chilling blocks so as to achieve the required supplement distance;
s4, cold shock material: in order to increase the chilling effect of the welding end, reduce the modulus of the welding end, increase the thermal gradient of the welding end and the seat part, and facilitate the riser of the seat part to supplement the welding end to the welding end position of the specification, the welding end position of the whole gate valve body is completely wrapped by chromite sand, the chilling material is specifically chromite sand and chiller, the thickness of the chiller is 0.75 of the thickness of the flange, and the thickness of the chromite sand is 12 mm;
the cold iron and the chromite sand need to be subjected to heat treatment, and the heat treatment comprises the following steps:
m1, annealing: putting the cold iron and the chromite sand into a smelting furnace, heating to 1100 ℃, and keeping the temperature for 1.5 hours;
m2, carrying out normalizing treatment, and after the M1 annealing treatment is finished, placing the chilling block and the chromite sand in a smelting furnace, cooling to 800 ℃, and preserving heat for 3.5 hours;
m3, quenching: after the step M2 is completed, taking the chilling block and the chromite sand out of the smelting furnace and putting the chilling block and the chromite sand into a cooling pool to realize rapid cooling until the cooling is carried out to the room temperature;
m4, after the step M3 is completed, the M4 tempering treatment specifically comprises that the hardness of the chilling block and the chromite sand is detected to be qualified, the composite plate body is placed into the smelting furnace again to be heated to 510 ℃, the temperature is kept for 3.5 hours, the composite plate body is taken out of the smelting furnace, and the composite plate body is naturally cooled to the room temperature, and the cooling speed is less than 90 ℃ per hour.
The effect of the heat treatment can ensure the hardness, toughness and fracture resistance of the chiller and the chromite sand, and improve the performance of the chiller and the chromite sand, thereby improving the overall strength of the riser.
S5, designing a vent hole at each local peak, wherein the design standard of the vent hole is as follows: the length is the thickness of the wall, the width is 0.5 times the thickness of the wall, and the height is 5 mm;
s6, after the step S5 is completed, a ventilating seat is designed at the position of the middle flange in the casting with the specification, wherein the ventilating seat is 90m long, 45mm wide and 5mm high, and the ventilating seats are designed at the positions, to the highest points, of the welding end positions on the two sides, of 60m long, 30mm wide and 5mm high.
The invention can eliminate the riser originally placed at the welding end of the brake valve body by a method of supplementing the riser from the riser of the brake valve body seat part to the welding end, so that the riser is not placed at the welding end of the high-grade brake valve body, and the brake valve body with the defect-free seat part can be produced.
Example 3
This embodiment is another embodiment of the present invention, and the difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 or embodiment 2 is that a non-riser process at the welding end of a high-pound-grade brake valve body includes the following steps:
s1, selection of a riser: taking local hot spots as central segmentation areas, designing at least one riser at each hot spot, calculating a modulus according to the hot spots, calculating the modulus and the supplement distance of each hot spot of the gate valve body and the supplement weight of the required risers, and selecting the size and the number of the risers meeting the position conditions of each hot spot according to calculation and the use of a chilling block cold shock material;
s2, after the operation of the step S1 is completed, the modulus of the casting, the supplement weight and the supplement distance determine the size and the number of risers, two blind risers are placed at the joint line of the middle flange of the casting of the gate valve body at the welding end according to calculation, and two open risers are placed at the seat part;
s3, after the step S2 is completed, a number 4 chilling block is respectively placed on the upper die and the lower die by matching with a flange in a casting of the chilling block, the number is 100m in length, 80mm in width and 60mm in thickness, a number 4 chilling block is respectively placed on the two sides of the lower die of the seat part, the number is 100m in length, 80mm in width and 60mm in thickness, and the number is 90m in length, 60mm in width and 45mm in thickness for the two number 3 chilling blocks so as to achieve the required supplement distance;
s4, cold shock material: in order to increase the chilling effect of the welding end, reduce the modulus of the welding end, increase the thermal gradient of the welding end and the seat part, and facilitate the riser of the seat part to supplement the welding end to the welding end position of the specification, the welding end position of the whole gate valve body is completely wrapped by chromite sand, the chilling material is specifically chromite sand and chiller, the thickness of the chiller is 1 of the thickness of the flange, and the thickness of the chromite sand is 15 mm;
the cold iron and the chromite sand need to be subjected to heat treatment, and the heat treatment comprises the following steps:
m1, annealing: putting the cold iron and the chromite sand into a smelting furnace, heating to 1200 ℃, and keeping the temperature for 2 hours;
m2, carrying out normalizing treatment, and after the M1 annealing treatment is finished, placing the chilling block and the chromite sand in a smelting furnace, cooling to 900 ℃, and preserving heat for 4 hours;
m3, quenching: after the step M2 is completed, taking the chilling block and the chromite sand out of the smelting furnace and putting the chilling block and the chromite sand into a cooling pool to realize rapid cooling until the cooling is carried out to the room temperature;
m4, after the step M3 is completed, the M4 tempering treatment specifically comprises that the hardness of the chilling block and the chromite sand is detected to be qualified, the composite plate body is placed into the smelting furnace again to be heated to 710 ℃, the temperature is kept for 4 hours, the composite plate body is taken out of the smelting furnace, and the composite plate body is naturally cooled to the room temperature, and the cooling speed is less than 90 ℃ per hour.
The effect of the heat treatment can ensure the hardness, toughness and fracture resistance of the chiller and the chromite sand, and improve the performance of the chiller and the chromite sand, thereby improving the overall strength of the riser.
S5, designing a vent hole at each local peak, wherein the design standard of the vent hole is as follows: the length is the thickness of the wall, the width is 0.5 times the thickness of the wall, and the height is 5 mm;
s6, after the step S5 is completed, a ventilating seat is designed at the position of the middle flange in the casting with the specification, wherein the ventilating seat is 90m long, 45mm wide and 5mm high, and the ventilating seats are designed at the positions, to the highest points, of the welding end positions on the two sides, of 60m long, 30mm wide and 5mm high.
The invention can eliminate the riser originally placed at the welding end of the brake valve body by a method of supplementing the riser from the riser of the brake valve body seat part to the welding end, so that the riser is not placed at the welding end of the high-grade brake valve body, and the brake valve body with the defect-free seat part can be produced.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art should be considered to be within the technical scope of the present invention, and the technical solutions and the inventive concepts thereof according to the present invention should be equivalent or changed within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. The non-riser process for the welding end of the high-pound brake valve body is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
s1, selection of a riser: taking local hot spots as central segmentation areas, designing at least one riser at each hot spot, calculating a modulus according to the hot spots, calculating the modulus and the supplement distance of each hot spot of the gate valve body and the supplement weight of the required risers, and selecting the size and the number of the risers meeting the position conditions of each hot spot according to calculation and the use of a chilling block cold shock material;
s2, after the operation of the step S1 is completed, the modulus of the casting, the supplement weight and the supplement distance determine the size and the number of risers, two blind risers are placed at the joint line of the middle flange of the casting of the gate valve body at the welding end according to calculation, and two open risers are placed at the seat part;
s3, after the step S2 is completed, a number 4 chilling block is respectively placed on the upper die and the lower die by matching with a flange in a casting of the chilling block, the number is 100m in length, 80mm in width and 60mm in thickness, a number 4 chilling block is respectively placed on the two sides of the lower die of the seat part, the number is 100m in length, 80mm in width and 60mm in thickness, and the number is 90m in length, 60mm in width and 45mm in thickness for the two number 3 chilling blocks so as to achieve the required supplement distance;
s4, cold shock material: in order to increase the chilling effect of the welding end, reduce the modulus of the welding end, increase the thermal gradient between the welding end and the seat part, and facilitate the riser of the seat part to supplement the welding end to the welding end position with respect to the specification, the welding end position of the whole gate valve body is completely wrapped by chromite sand;
s5, designing a vent hole at each local peak, wherein the design standard of the vent hole is as follows: the length is the thickness of the wall, the width is 0.5 times the thickness of the wall, and the height is 5 mm;
s6, after the step S5 is completed, a ventilating seat is designed at the position of the middle flange in the casting with the specification, wherein the ventilating seat is 90m long, 45mm wide and 5mm high, and the ventilating seats are designed at the positions, to the highest points, of the welding end positions on the two sides, of 60m long, 30mm wide and 5mm high.
2. The non-riser process at the welded end of a high pound grade brake valve body according to claim 1, wherein the cold shot material used in step S4 is specifically chromite sand and chill.
3. The non-riser process at the welded end of a high pound grade gate valve body according to claim 2 wherein the thickness of the chill is between 0.5 and 1 of the thickness of the flange and the thickness of the chromite sand is between 10 and 15 mm.
4. The non-riser process at the welding end of the high-pound gate valve body according to claim 2, wherein the chill and the chromite sand are both required to be heat treated, and the heat treatment steps are as follows:
m1, annealing: putting the cold iron and the chromite sand into a smelting furnace, heating to 1050-1200 ℃, and keeping the temperature for 1-2 hours;
m2, after the step M1 is completed, normalizing;
m3, quenching: after the step M2 is completed, taking the chilling block and the chromite sand out of the smelting furnace and putting the chilling block and the chromite sand into a cooling pool to realize rapid cooling until the cooling is carried out to the room temperature;
m4, tempering the cold iron and the chromite sand after the step M3 is finished.
5. The non-riser process at the welding end of the high-pound-grade gate valve body as claimed in claim 4, wherein the M2 normalizing treatment step comprises the steps of placing the cold iron and the chromite sand in a smelting furnace to be cooled to 750 ℃ and 900 ℃ and preserving heat for 3-4 hours after the M1 annealing treatment is completed.
6. The non-riser process at the welding end of the high-pound-grade gate valve body according to claim 4, wherein the M4 tempering treatment specifically comprises that the hardness of the chilling block and the chromite sand is detected to be qualified, the composite plate body is put into the smelting furnace again and heated to 110-710 ℃, is kept warm for 3-4 hours, is taken out of the smelting furnace, and is naturally cooled to room temperature at a cooling speed of less than 90 ℃ per hour after being naturally cooled to room temperature.
7. The riser-free process at the welding end of the high-pound brake valve body according to claim 1, wherein the position of the gas permeable seat is located at the highest point of the middle flange and the upper die at the welding end, and the design criteria are as follows: the length is the thickness of the wall, the width is 0.5 times the thickness of the wall, and the height is 5 mm.
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Application publication date: 20200512 |