CN111133865B - Square hardened ground digging and transplanting device - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a square hardened ground digging transplanting device which comprises a frame, a main lifting frame, a rotary driving device, a drilling mechanism, a plate unloading mechanism and the like. The main lifting frame is characterized in that a main sliding sleeve is fixed at the peripheral apex angle position of a main movable frame of the main lifting frame, guide rail supports are respectively arranged on two sides of the middle of the main movable frame, an auxiliary lifting area is arranged between the guide rail supports on two sides, vertical guide rails or guide rail grooves are arranged on the inner sides of the guide rail supports on two sides, a movable tension spring seat is arranged on the main movable frame, and a tension spring is connected between the movable tension spring seat and the fixed tension spring seat. The invention can replace and use the cylinder type drill bit with proper diameter, drill the whole hardened ground according to the design requirement, and has a certain drilling depth till the underground deeper soil layer. After the soil layer and the concrete slabs are taken out, the soil layer and the concrete slabs can be transferred and conveyed to proper positions, and the soil layer and the concrete slabs are unloaded by operating the corresponding hand-driven operating mechanisms. The device can move in any position that needs to reform transform in a flexible way, and operation convenient to use.

Description

Square hardened ground digging and transplanting device

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of tools for urban square greening transformation, and particularly relates to a square hardened ground digging and transplanting device.

Background

Along with the continuous improvement of living standard of people, people pay more and more attention to living environment, and environmental protection, greening and garden improvement are very important. The cement pouring is mainly used for forming hardened ground or floor tile pavement in the initial construction stage of each large, medium and small square in a city, the greening factors are not generally considered, and related greening is often located in the edge area of the square and is convenient for later-stage transformation. After the square is hardened on the ground, the area where the square is located and the center of the square cannot be subjected to greening planting, and the common greening scheme is to plant suitable plant varieties in large square or circular wood bonsai plants or in large combined bonsai areas so as to achieve the purpose of greening the square. The greening mode has the advantages of convenience in moving and combination, but the greening mode is essentially potted landscape planting, the number of suitable plant varieties is limited, the greening mode is particularly not suitable for large-scale tree planting, the stability is not strong, the greening mode is easy to blow down by strong wind, the roots of the plants are not directly deep into the stratum, and frequent watering, fertilizing and maintenance are needed. For example, the annular arranging device for the municipal square greening flowerpot with the publication number of CN107371877A is of an annular structure formed by sequentially connecting and splicing four arc-shaped arranging plates with central angles of 90 degrees end to end; the placing plate comprises a bottom plate, side plates on two sides and baffle plates at two ends, an accommodating space is enclosed among the bottom plate, the side plates and the baffle plates, a plurality of arc-shaped partition plates capable of moving back and forth are arranged in the accommodating space, and the accommodating space is divided into a plurality of storage spaces by the partition plates; the top surfaces of the side plates on two sides of the movable plate are respectively hinged with an arc-shaped limiting plate, the distance between the two limiting plates when the two sides of each storage space are overturned to be in a horizontal state is smaller than the outer diameter of the flowerpot, telescopic connecting plates are respectively fixed at two ends of the limiting plates hinged with the movable plate, and the telescopic connecting plates overturned to be in the horizontal state are fixed on the baffle plate through fixing bolts. This scheme is with the mode of square putting potted landscape plant for put flowerpot or transport away flowerpot efficiency on the square is improved, is applicable to different diameter sizes flowerpot and puts, helps reducing the flowerpot and is carried the phenomenon privately away, and this kind of improvement to square greening technique does not in essence reform transform square stereoplasm ground. A flowerpot fixed-point placing device for square greening is disclosed as CN 209749241U, and aims to solve the problem that the traditional flowerpot placing is generally centralized and accumulated at a certain part of a square, and the square has more pedestrian flow, so that potential safety hazards exist, and the placing mode is time-consuming and overlong and is inconvenient to manage and improve. There is currently no disclosure of relevant technology relating to planting by means of modifying square hard ground.

On the other hand, the square foundation usually needs to be mainly a hard solidified foundation in the construction process, and the foundation is high in sand and stone content and firm and is not suitable for direct ground breaking planting, so that difficulties exist in greening after the construction of each urban square at present.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention provides a digging and transplanting device for hardened ground of a square, which aims at solving the problem that greening construction is difficult to carry out after the square is built, is used for greening and reconstructing construction purposes of the square and achieves the functions of digging and transplanting the hard ground of the square.

The technical scheme adopted for realizing the aim of the invention is as follows: a square hardened ground digging and transplanting device comprises a frame, a main lifting frame, a rotary driving device, a drilling mechanism, a plate unloading mechanism and other components.

The frame comprises an upright post, a cross beam, a longitudinal beam, wheels and handrails, auxiliary beam heads are respectively led out inwards from four vertex angles at the upper part and the lower part of the frame, fixing sleeves are respectively arranged at the lower end of the upper auxiliary beam head and the upper end of the lower auxiliary beam head, fixing shafts are sleeved in the upper and lower fixing sleeves corresponding to the positions of the upper auxiliary beam head, and meanwhile, a fixed tension spring seat is arranged below the upper auxiliary beam head.

The main lifting frame comprises a main movable frame, guide rail supports and vertical guide rails, main sliding sleeves are fixedly arranged at the vertex angles around the main movable frame, the main sliding sleeves are respectively sleeved on the outer sides of the fixed shafts and can slide, the guide rail supports are respectively arranged on the two sides of the middle part of the main movable frame, the area between the guide rail supports on the two sides is an auxiliary lifting area, the vertical guide rails or guide rail grooves are arranged on the inner sides of the guide rail supports on the two sides, movable tension spring seats are arranged on the main movable frame, and tension springs are connected between the movable tension spring seats and the fixed tension spring seats.

The rotary driving device comprises a motor base, a supporting arm, a track groove, a power pressing wheel and a lifting wheel, wherein the motor base comprises a central inner cavity for fixedly mounting a motor mechanism, and a rotary driving rotating shaft of the motor mechanism is led out from the center below the motor base; the two sides of the motor base are symmetrically connected with supporting arms, the tail end of each supporting arm is provided with a track groove or a track, a track wheel is arranged in each track groove, and each track groove is sleeved outside the vertical guide rail in a matching mode or the track is sleeved inside the guide rail groove in a matching mode; a power pinch roller and a lifting wheel are vertically arranged on the outer side of the motor base or the supporting arm on one side; the bottom of the central inner cavity of the motor base is provided with a bottom plate, and the motor is fixed on the bottom.

Drilling mechanism includes connecting seat, cyclic annular supporter, cylinder drill bit and slip ring, and the connecting seat will rotary drive pivot is in the same place with cyclic annular supporter fixed connection, the lower extreme edge of cyclic annular supporter and the last reason fixed connection of cylinder drill bit, the slip ring be the ring form, the slip ring matching suit in the cyclic annular supporter, the side of slip ring both sides is provided with the bulge position, cyclic annular supporter lateral wall is provided with along axial through-hole, the both sides bulge position of slip ring stretches out outside the through-hole.

The annular support body comprises an upper support ring and a lower support ring, and a side connecting rod is axially connected between the outer side walls of the upper support ring and the lower support ring, so that a cylindrical frame structure is formed; the periphery of the sliding ring is distributed with guide grooves along the axial direction, and each guide groove is matched and clamped at the outer side of the corresponding side connecting rod. The side walls of the guide grooves on the two sides of the sliding ring extend outwards to form pressure heads as protruding parts. And the side walls of the barrel type drill bits are respectively provided with a round or axial strip-shaped drill bit matching hole.

The plate unloading mechanism comprises an auxiliary movable frame, soil unloading sliding sleeves are respectively fixed at the peripheral apex angles of the auxiliary movable frame, each soil unloading sliding sleeve is respectively sleeved outside the fixed shaft and can slide, the soil unloading sliding sleeves are positioned below the main movable sleeve, auxiliary pushing pieces are respectively fixed at two sides of the auxiliary movable frame, the auxiliary pushing pieces at two sides are respectively positioned at the upper sides of the protruding parts at two sides of the sliding ring and are in pressing and pasting relation with the corresponding protruding parts, and a soil unloading pressing wheel is vertically arranged at the outer side of one side wall of the auxiliary movable frame; and a pressure spring is sleeved on the fixed shaft and positioned at the lower side part of the soil unloading sliding sleeve.

The auxiliary movable frame comprises a movable cross beam and a movable longitudinal beam, the soil unloading sliding sleeve is located at the joint position of the movable cross beam and the movable longitudinal beam, the auxiliary pushing piece is fixed on the inner side wall of the movable longitudinal beam respectively, and the soil unloading pressing wheel is located on the outer side wall of the movable longitudinal beam.

The hand-driven operating mechanism comprises a power lifting rod and a soil unloading pressure rod, wherein one ends of the power lifting rod and the soil unloading pressure rod are respectively provided with a disk-shaped body, and a shaft hole is formed in the center of the disk-shaped body; the outside of one side stand of frame is fixed with respectively the vertical overhang axle and hangs the axle down, the power shadoof articulates respectively at the epaxial and hang down epaxially at last with the dish-shaped body of unloading the soil depression bar, and the power shadoof is located moreover between power pinch roller and the lifting wheel, the depression bar that unloads soil is located the upside of unloading the soil sliding sleeve.

The power pinch roller and the lifting wheel are distributed on the same circumference with the upper suspension shaft as the center.

The invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention can replace and use the cylinder type drill bit with proper diameter, drill the whole hardened ground according to the design requirement, and has a certain drilling depth till the underground deeper soil layer. After the soil layer and the concrete slabs are taken out, the soil layer and the concrete slabs can be transferred and conveyed to proper positions, and the soil layer and the concrete slabs are unloaded by operating the corresponding hand-driven operating mechanisms. The device can move in any position that needs to reform transform in a flexible way, and operation convenient to use. After digging the hole, placing the soil roots of the corresponding trees containing the soil balls in the hole, adding a filling nutrient soil layer on the periphery, watering and fixing.

In addition to the construction of the hard ground, the invention can excavate big seedlings with the seedling height of about 1m and the ground diameter of 1-2 cm by selecting the cylindrical drill bit of which the height is not less than 2 cm, the cylindrical drill bit is sleeved outside the seedlings, the soil layer around the seedlings is drilled after the device is started, the lateral roots of the seedlings are cut off and further go deep into the soil layer, the cylindrical drill bit is used for wrapping the roots of the seedlings, the operating mechanism is driven by an operator to take out the seedlings and the soil columns at the roots, then the cart is moved to a proper position to be dismounted or directly transplanted into a pit hole to be planted for dismounting, and necessary rod pieces can be inserted into the holes on the lateral surfaces of the cylindrical drill bit along the radial direction in the transferring process so as to prevent the soil columns from falling.

The invention also designs the soil unloading pressure lever, namely a corresponding mechanism, so that when the soil column is unloaded, if the soil column cannot be smoothly separated from the barrel type drill bit, the soil column and the barrel type drill bit can fall off by pressing the soil unloading pressure lever downwards.

The main lifting frame is designed aiming at the working range of the cylindrical drill bit, and the up-down lifting range is expanded, so that the cylindrical drill bit can penetrate into the ground as far as possible, and the cylindrical drill bit falls off the ground as far as possible in the lifting process, so that most of the saplings can fall to the ground in the process of bulldozing the column.

The roots need to be dipped with the slurry immediately after the seedlings are lifted, the digging and transplanting device can move to the outer side of the slurry pool through the travelling wheels, and the roots after the seedlings are lifted can be easily dipped with the slurry through the power lifting rod of the hand-driven operating mechanism.

When drilling holes or getting seedlings to square hard ground, the rotary driving device is started to work, the cylinder type drill bit of the rotary driving device is driven to drill into a concrete slab and stretch out of a stratum by pressing the power pressing rod to move downwards and slowly, and the rotary driving device is stopped after reaching a proper position, so that the operation is simple and convenient.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is one of schematic side structures of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is one of the schematic views of the lifting state of fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is a second schematic diagram of the lifting state of fig. 1.

Figure 4 is a perspective view of the vehicle frame of figure 1.

Fig. 5 is a schematic view of the main lifting frame and the drilling mechanism in the fig. 1.

Fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of the main crane in fig. 1.

Fig. 7 is a schematic view of the structure of the rotary drive apparatus of fig. 1.

Fig. 8 is a schematic top view of the structure of fig. 7.

Fig. 9 is a schematic top view of the structure of fig. 1.

Fig. 10 is a schematic view of the outer structure of the barrel drill of fig. 5.

Fig. 11 is a schematic view of an external structure of the cylinder drill mounting-side connecting rod of fig. 5.

Fig. 12 is a schematic view of the external structure of the drilling mechanism in fig. 5.

The device comprises a frame 1, a vertical column 11, an upper suspension shaft 111, a lower suspension shaft 112, a cross beam 12, a longitudinal beam 13, an auxiliary beam head 14, a fixed sleeve 15, a fixed shaft 16, a fixed tension spring seat 17, wheels 18, a handrail 19, a main lifting frame 2, a main movable frame 21, a main sliding sleeve 22, a guide rail bracket 23, a vertical guide rail 24, a stop 25, an auxiliary lifting area 26, a movable tension spring seat 27, a rotary driving device 3, a motor seat 31, an outer shell 311, an inner shell 312, a supporting arm 32, a track groove 33, a track wheel 34, a power pressing wheel 35, a lifting wheel 36, a bottom plate 37, a motor system 38, a rotary driving rotating shaft 39, a drilling mechanism 4, a connecting seat 41, an upper supporting ring 42, a lower supporting ring 43, a side connecting rod 44, a cylindrical drill bit 45, a drill bit matching hole 46, a sliding ring 47, a pressure head 48, a guide groove 49, a plate unloading mechanism 5, a movable cross beam 51, a movable longitudinal beam, a tension spring 6, a pressure spring 7, a hand-driven operating mechanism 8, a power lifting rod 81, a soil unloading pressure rod 82 and a disk-shaped body 83.

Detailed Description

The design of later stage greening transformation is carried out on the square, the selection and planting of the corresponding tree species which meet the design requirements are carried out, holes are dug and soil is taken for the hardened ground through the square hardened ground digging and transplanting device shown in figure 1, and the tool can be utilized to transfer and transplant some dwarf plants. The cylinder drill bit of suitable diameter can be used in the change to this instrument, can be with whole sclerosis ground according to the design requirement drilling, has certain drilling depth until the darker soil layer in secret. After the soil layer and the concrete slabs are taken out, the soil layer and the concrete slabs can be transferred and conveyed to proper positions, and the soil layer and the concrete slabs are unloaded by operating the corresponding hand-driven operating mechanisms. The device can move in any position that needs to reform transform in a flexible way, and operation convenient to use. After digging the hole, placing the soil roots of the corresponding trees containing the soil balls in the hole, adding a filling nutrient soil layer on the periphery, watering and fixing.

Except the construction on the hard ground, for big seedlings with the height of about 1m and the ground diameter of 1-2 centimeters, if the big seedlings are shrubs and have more branches and leaves, when the big seedlings are transplanted, if the big seedlings are not provided with soil balls and are difficult to transplant and survive, the big seedlings can be excavated by selecting a cylindrical drill with the length not less than 2 centimeters, the cylindrical drill is sleeved outside the seedlings, the soil layer around the seedlings is drilled after the big seedlings are started, the lateral roots of the seedlings are cut off and further penetrate into the soil layer, the cylindrical drill wraps the roots of the seedlings, the seedlings and the soil columns at the roots are taken out by driving an operating mechanism by an operator, then a cart is moved to a proper position to be unloaded, or the big seedlings are directly transplanted into a pit hole to be planted to be unloaded, and in the transferring process, necessary rod pieces can be inserted into the holes on the lateral sides of the cylindrical drill along the radial. When the earth pillar is dismounted, if the earth pillar can not be smoothly separated from the barrel type drill bit, the earth pillar and the barrel type drill bit can fall off by downwards pressing the earth dismounting pressure rod. In the prior art, when seedlings of the type are lifted and transplanted, people mostly adopt a hoe to directly dig the seedlings, the labor and the time are wasted, the plant root systems are damaged, the taken seedlings are often not lifted or incomplete, most of the seedlings are in a bare root shape, after the seedlings are transplanted, the absorption function of the root systems is difficult to recover for a root delay period, even the seedlings die from dry leaves and fallen leaves after the seedlings are transplanted, the transplanting survival rate is seriously affected, and great economic loss is caused.

The main lifting frame is designed aiming at the working range of the cylindrical drill bit, and the up-down lifting range is expanded, so that the cylindrical drill bit can penetrate into the ground as far as possible, and the cylindrical drill bit falls off the ground as far as possible in the lifting process, so that most of the saplings can fall to the ground in the process of bulldozing the column. When the device is moved to a bearing platform containing double parallel steps, the double parallel steps can place the device at a higher position, and the distance between the barrel drill bit and the ground can be better enlarged. At present, an operator cannot accurately position a seedling before lifting the seedling, the lifted soil ball is incomplete and smooth, the length of the seedling lifter cannot be adjusted according to the depth of the root of the seedling, the seedling root cannot be well prevented from being damaged, the survival rate of transplanted seedlings is reduced, an adjusting rod is not installed, and the soil ball is inconvenient to lift.

The roots need to be dipped with the slurry immediately after the seedlings are lifted, the digging and transplanting device can move to the outer side of the slurry pool through the travelling wheels, and the roots after the seedlings are lifted can be easily dipped with the slurry through the power lifting rod (the motor does not work at the moment) of the hand-driven operating mechanism.

The excavating and transplanting device used is shown in fig. 1-12, wherein the part of the frame 1 is shown in fig. 1 and 4, and the frame comprises structural components such as upright posts 11, cross beams 12, longitudinal beams 13, wheels 18 and handrails 19. Four upright posts 11 around the frame are respectively fixed through a balance 12 and a longitudinal beam 13 to form a frame body, a vehicle 18 is arranged at the bottom of the frame body, and a handrail 19 is fixed at the rear part of the frame body, so that the frame can be pushed to walk to realize a transfer function. In fig. 4, the auxiliary beam heads 14 are respectively led out inwards at four top corners of the upper part and the lower part of the frame, the lower end of the upper auxiliary beam head 14 and the upper end of the lower auxiliary beam head 14 are respectively provided with a fixed sleeve 15, a fixed shaft 16 is sleeved in the upper and lower fixed sleeves 15 at corresponding positions, and a fixed tension spring seat 17 is arranged below the upper auxiliary beam head 14.

The frame is used as a basic carrier part, and a main lifting frame 2, a rotary driving device 3 and a drilling mechanism 4 are arranged in the frame.

The main lifting frame 2 is shown in fig. 4 and comprises a main movable frame 21, a guide rail bracket 23 and a vertical guide rail 24. Main sliding sleeves 22 are fixed at the top corners of the periphery of the main movable frame 21, each main sliding sleeve 22 is sleeved on the outer side of the fixed shaft 16 and can slide, guide rail supports 23 are respectively arranged on two sides of the middle of the main movable frame 21, an auxiliary lifting area 26 is arranged between the guide rail supports 23 on the two sides, vertical guide rails 24 or guide rail grooves are arranged on the inner sides of the guide rail supports 23 on the two sides, a movable tension spring seat 27 is arranged on the main movable frame 21, and a tension spring 6 is connected between the movable tension spring seat 27 and the fixed tension spring seat 17. The main crane 2 is mounted to the vehicle frame 1 in an assembled relationship as shown in fig. 1, so that the main crane 2 can move up and down in the vehicle frame 1. As can be seen from the comparison of the movement states of fig. 1-3, the main lifting frame 2 is in a relative balance state under the action of the pressure spring 7 and the tension spring 6, and the lifting of the main lifting frame 2 can be lifted under the action of the hand-driven operating mechanism 8.

The rotation driving device 3 is sleeved in the main movable frame 21 of the main lifting frame 2, and as shown in fig. 7, the rotation driving device comprises a motor base 31, a supporting arm 32, a track groove 33, a power pressure wheel 35, a lifting wheel 36 and other structural components. As shown in fig. 8, the motor base 31 has a central inner cavity for fixedly mounting the motor mechanism 38, and a rotary driving shaft 39 of the motor mechanism 38 is led out from the center of the lower portion of the motor base 31. Meanwhile, the two sides of the motor base 31 are symmetrically connected with supporting arms 32, the tail end of each supporting arm 32 is provided with a track groove 33 or a track, a track wheel is arranged in each track groove 33, and each track groove is sleeved outside the vertical guide rail 24 in a matching mode or sleeved inside the guide rail groove in a matching mode. The outer side of the motor seat 31 or one side supporting arm 32 is vertically provided with a power pinch roller 35 and a lifting wheel 36; the bottom of the central cavity of the motor base 31 is provided with a bottom plate 37, and the motor is fixed on the bottom plate 37.

The drilling mechanism 4 is shown in fig. 10-12, and includes a connecting base 41, an annular support, a barrel drill 45, a slide ring 47, and the like. The connecting base 41 of the mechanism fixedly connects the rotary drive shaft 39 to the annular support body, as shown in fig. 5. The lower end edge of the annular supporting body is fixedly connected with the upper edge of the barrel-type drill bit 45, the sliding ring 47 is circular, the sliding ring 47 is sleeved in the annular supporting body in a matching mode, protruding portions are arranged on the side faces of the two sides of the sliding ring 47, axial through holes are formed in the side wall of the annular supporting body, and the protruding portions of the two sides of the sliding ring 47 extend out of the through holes.

As shown in fig. 12, the ring-shaped support includes an upper support ring 42 and a lower support ring 43, and a side link 44 is axially connected between outer sidewalls of the upper and lower support rings, thereby forming a cylindrical frame structure. The periphery of the sliding ring 47 is distributed with guide grooves 49 along the axial direction, and each guide groove 49 is matched and clamped at the outer side of the corresponding side connecting rod. The side walls of the guide grooves 49 on both sides of the slide ring 47 extend outward as protrusions 48. On the side walls of the barrel drill 45, there are round or axially strip-shaped drill engagement holes 46, respectively.

The structure and the installation relationship of the plate unloading mechanism 5 are shown in fig. 1 and 9. The peripheral apex angles of the auxiliary movable frame of the plate unloading mechanism are respectively fixed with a soil unloading sliding sleeve 54, each soil unloading sliding sleeve 54 is respectively sleeved on the outer side of the fixed shaft 16 and can slide, the soil unloading sliding sleeve 54 is positioned below the main movable sleeve, the two sides of the auxiliary movable frame are respectively fixed with an auxiliary pushing piece 53, the two side auxiliary pushing pieces 53 are respectively positioned on the upper sides of the convex parts on the two sides of the sliding ring 47, and are in pressing relation with the corresponding convex parts, and a soil unloading pressing wheel 55 is vertically arranged on the outer side of one side wall of the auxiliary movable frame. And a pressure spring 7 is sleeved on the fixed shaft 16 and positioned at the lower part of the soil unloading sliding sleeve 54.

The auxiliary movable frame comprises a movable cross beam 51 and a movable longitudinal beam 52, a soil unloading sliding sleeve 54 is positioned at the joint position of the movable cross beam 51 and the movable longitudinal beam 52, auxiliary pushing pieces 53 are respectively fixed on the inner side walls of the movable longitudinal beam 52, and a soil unloading pressing wheel 55 is positioned on the outer side wall of the movable longitudinal beam 52.

As shown in fig. 1 to 3, the hand-driven operating mechanism 8 includes a power lifting rod 81 and a soil discharging pressure rod 82, one end of the power lifting rod 81 and one end of the soil discharging pressure rod 82 are respectively provided with a disk-shaped body 83, and a shaft hole is formed in the center of the disk-shaped body 83. The outer side of the upright post 11 at one side of the frame 1 is respectively and vertically fixed with an upper suspension shaft 111 and a lower suspension shaft 112, the disk-shaped bodies 83 of the power lifting rod 81 and the soil unloading pressing rod 82 are respectively hinged on the upper suspension shaft 111 and the lower suspension shaft 112, the power lifting rod 81 is positioned between the power pressing wheel 35 and the lifting wheel 36, and the soil unloading pressing rod 82 is positioned at the upper side of the soil unloading sliding sleeve 54. Wherein the power pinch roller 35 and the lift roller 36 are distributed on the same circumference with the upper suspension shaft 111 as the center.

After drilling the hole to square stereoplasm ground, rotary drive device 3 stop work, barrel drill 45 is located the stratum below, through lifting power lifter 81, by fig. 1 to fig. 2, this in-process, pressure spring 7 and extension spring 8 provide ascending lifting force respectively, and handheld power lifter 81 is comparatively laborsaving. After the device is moved to a proper position, when the corresponding concrete slab and the corresponding soil column are dismounted, the sliding ring 47 pushes the concrete slab and the corresponding soil column to slide downwards by pressing the soil-dismounting pressure rod 82 downwards until the concrete slab and the corresponding soil column are separated. The above operations are square hard ground drilling and transfer and concrete slab discharging operations, and when the apparatus is applied to the transplantation of the sapling, the drum drill 45 is located below the ground layer by lifting the power lifter 81 and providing upward lifting power by means of the compression spring 7 and the tension spring 8, respectively, as shown in fig. 2, from the process of fig. 1 to 2. After the device is moved to a proper position, when the sapling and the root soil pillar are detached, the whole sapling needs to be completely separated from the cylinder drill, and the cylinder drill needs to be lifted upwards continuously, so that the sapling and the root soil pillar are in a state shown in fig. 3, namely, the power pressure lever 81 is lifted upwards to be in a state shown in fig. 3. The carriage then pushes the seedlings and the root soil columns to slide downward by pressing the soil discharge struts 82 downward, causing the slip rings 47 to push the seedlings and the root soil columns to slide downward until the seedlings and the root soil columns are disengaged.

When drilling holes or taking seedlings from the square hard ground, the rotary driving device 3 can be started to work through the processes of figures 2 to 1, the cylinder type drill bit 45 of the rotary driving device 3 is driven to drill into the concrete slab and extend out of the ground layer by pressing the power pressing rod 81 to move downwards slowly, and the machine is stopped after reaching a proper position. The motor mechanism 38 of the rotary driving device 3 can be powered by installing a storage battery in the frame or by an external power supply. When the seedling taking process is involved, the specification of the cylindrical drill bit 45 can be determined according to the root characteristics of the tree seeds, the size of soil balls and the type of soil after the fixed-point paying-off of the planting points of the trees is determined. Generally, the diameter of a tree pit of a seedling with a soil column is 30-40cm larger than that of a soil ball, the pit depth is 3/4 of the pit diameter, the upper opening and the lower opening of the tree pit are consistent, the specification of the pit needs to be increased if the soil quality is poor, and harmful substances are cleaned and replaced by good soil or nutrient soil. When the trees are planted, the full and complete direction of the trees faces the main sight. After the trees enter the holes, binding materials such as straw ropes, cattail bags and the like are removed as much as possible. And finally filling and tamping. In order to prevent poor growth of trees caused by unsmooth drainage, the planting pit is dug to be larger as much as possible when the trees are planted, and broken bricks with the thickness of 30mm are padded under the planting pit to facilitate drainage. In order to ensure the survival rate, the nursery stocks need to be supported by standard supports uniformly, the support columns are fastened and knotted by a thin hemp rope or a thin palm rope after being attached to the trunk part and lined, the trees are kept straight after being tied, and the inclined single-trunk support is arranged opposite to the windward side.

Claims (8)

1. A square hardened ground digging and transplanting device comprises a frame (1), a main lifting frame (2), a rotary driving device (3), a drilling mechanism (4) and a plate unloading mechanism (5), and is characterized in that the frame (1) comprises upright columns (11), cross beams (12), longitudinal beams (13), wheels (18) and handrails (19), auxiliary beam heads (14) are respectively led out inwards from four vertex angles at the upper part and the lower part of the frame, fixing sleeves (15) are respectively arranged at the lower end of the upper auxiliary beam head (14) and the upper end of the lower auxiliary beam head (14), fixing shafts (16) are sleeved in the upper and lower fixing sleeves (15) corresponding to the upper and lower positions, and meanwhile, a fixed tension spring seat (17) is arranged below the upper auxiliary beam head (14); the main lifting frame (2) comprises a main movable frame (21), guide rail supports (23) and vertical guide rails (24), main sliding sleeves (22) are fixed at vertex angles around the main movable frame (21), each main sliding sleeve (22) is sleeved on the outer side of the fixed shaft (16) and can slide, the guide rail supports (23) are arranged on two sides of the middle of the main movable frame (21), an auxiliary lifting area (26) is arranged in an area between the guide rail supports (23) on two sides, the vertical guide rails (24) or guide rail grooves are arranged on the inner sides of the guide rail supports (23) on two sides, a movable tension spring seat (27) is arranged on the main movable frame (21), and a tension spring (6) is connected between the movable tension spring seat (27) and the fixed tension spring seat (17); the rotary driving device (3) comprises a motor base (31), a supporting arm (32), a track groove (33), a power pressing wheel (35) and a lifting wheel (36), wherein the motor base (31) comprises a central inner cavity for fixedly mounting a motor mechanism (38), and a rotary driving rotating shaft (39) of the motor mechanism (38) is led out from the center below the motor base (31); two sides of the motor base (31) are symmetrically connected with supporting arms (32), the tail end of each supporting arm (32) is respectively provided with a track groove (33) or a track, and each track groove is sleeved on the outer side of the vertical guide rail (24) in a matched mode or sleeved on the inner side of the guide rail groove in a matched mode; a power pinch roller (35) and a lifting wheel (36) are vertically arranged on the outer side of the motor base (31) or the supporting arm (32) on one side; the drilling mechanism (4) comprises a connecting seat (41), an annular supporting body, a cylindrical drill bit (45) and a sliding ring (47), wherein the rotary driving rotating shaft (39) is fixedly connected with the annular supporting body by the connecting seat (41), the lower end edge of the annular supporting body is fixedly connected with the upper edge of the cylindrical drill bit (45), the sliding ring (47) is annular, the sliding ring (47) is sleeved in the annular supporting body in a matching manner, protruding parts are arranged on the side surfaces of two sides of the sliding ring (47), a through hole along the axial direction is arranged on the side wall of the annular supporting body, and the protruding parts of two sides of the sliding ring (47) extend out of the through hole; the plate unloading mechanism (5) comprises an auxiliary movable frame, soil unloading sliding sleeves (54) are respectively fixed at the peripheral apex angles of the auxiliary movable frame, each soil unloading sliding sleeve (54) is respectively sleeved outside the fixed shaft (16) and can slide, the soil unloading sliding sleeves (54) are positioned below the main sliding sleeve (22), auxiliary pushing pieces (53) are respectively fixed at two sides of the auxiliary movable frame, the auxiliary pushing pieces (53) at two sides are respectively positioned at the upper sides of the protruding parts at two sides of the sliding ring (47) and are in pressing relation with the corresponding protruding parts, and a soil unloading pressing wheel (55) is vertically arranged at the outer side of one side wall of the auxiliary movable frame; a pressure spring (7) is sleeved on the fixed shaft (16) and positioned at the lower side part of the soil unloading sliding sleeve (54); the hand-driven operating mechanism (8) comprises a power lifting rod (81) and a soil unloading pressure rod (82), one end of the power lifting rod (81) and one end of the soil unloading pressure rod (82) are respectively provided with a disk-shaped body (83), and the center of the disk-shaped body (83) is provided with a shaft hole; the outside of one side stand (11) of frame (1) is fixed with respectively perpendicularly and hangs axle (111) and hang axle (112) down, power lifting rod (81) and the disk body (83) of unloading depression bar (82) articulate respectively on hanging axle (111) and hang axle (112) down, and power lifting rod (81) are located in addition between power pinch roller (35) and lifting wheel (36), and unloading depression bar (82) are located the upside of unloading sliding sleeve (54).

2. The square hardened ground digging transplanting device according to claim 1, characterized in that the two sides of the motor base (31) are symmetrically connected with supporting arms (32), the tail end of each supporting arm (32) is respectively provided with a track groove (33) or a track, a track wheel is respectively arranged in each track groove (33), and each track wheel is supported outside the vertical guide rail (24) or the track is sleeved inside the guide rail groove in a matching way.

3. The square hardened ground digging transplanting device according to claim 1, wherein a power pressure wheel (35) and a lifting wheel (36) are vertically installed at the outer side of the motor base (31) or one side supporting arm (32); the bottom of the central inner cavity of the motor base (31) is provided with a bottom plate (37), and the motor is fixed on the bottom plate (37).

4. The square-hardened ground excavation transplanting device of claim 1, wherein the annular supporting body comprises an upper supporting ring (42) and a lower supporting ring (43), and a side connecting rod (44) is axially connected between the outer side walls of the upper and lower supporting rings, so as to form a cylindrical frame structure; the periphery of the sliding ring (47) is distributed with guide grooves (49) along the axial direction, and each guide groove (49) is matched and clamped with the outer side of the corresponding side connecting rod.

5. The square hardened ground excavation transplantation device according to claim 4, wherein the side walls of the guide grooves (49) on both sides of the slide ring (47) are extended outward with a pressure head (48) as a projection.

6. The square hardened ground excavation transplanting device according to claim 1 or 4, wherein a drill fitting hole (46) having a circular shape or an axially elongated shape is provided in each of side walls of the barrel drill (45).

7. The square hardened ground digging transplanting device according to claim 1, wherein the auxiliary movable frame comprises a movable cross beam (51) and a movable longitudinal beam (52), the soil unloading sliding sleeve (54) is positioned at the joint position of the movable cross beam (51) and the movable longitudinal beam (52), the auxiliary pushing pieces (53) are respectively fixed on the inner side walls of the movable longitudinal beam (52), and the soil unloading pressing wheels (55) are positioned on the outer side walls of the movable longitudinal beam (52).

8. The square-hardened ground-boring transplanting device of claim 7, wherein the power pressing wheels (35) and the lifting wheels (36) are distributed on the same circumference centered on the upper suspension shaft (111).

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