CN111122783B - Device and method for in-situ nutrient addition experiment - Google Patents
Device and method for in-situ nutrient addition experiment Download PDFInfo
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- CN111122783B CN111122783B CN201911378141.6A CN201911378141A CN111122783B CN 111122783 B CN111122783 B CN 111122783B CN 201911378141 A CN201911378141 A CN 201911378141A CN 111122783 B CN111122783 B CN 111122783B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a device and a method for an in-situ nutrient addition experiment. The inner wall of a phytoplankton separation box of the device is respectively provided with a first clamping groove, a second clamping groove and a third clamping groove, wherein the first clamping groove is used for installing one side edge of the phytoplankton net, the second clamping groove is used for installing one side edge of the partition plate, and the third clamping groove is used for installing the phytoplankton net and the other side edge of the partition plate; the lower part of the phytoplankton separating box is provided with a second liquid outlet connected with the water collecting box, the first liquid outlet is connected with the phytoplankton box, and the phytoplankton box is internally provided with a chlorophyll detector and a water outlet with a filter membrane. The device can separate phytoplankton and raw water in an original water sample, does not change the nutrition state of the raw water and the composition of the phytoplankton, and can be quantitatively subpackaged for subsequent experiments. The invention has simple technical principle, convenient arrangement and comparison, simple manufacture, convenient operation and practicability, and can be better applied to relevant experimental research.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of in-situ experimental equipment for water in water ecological research and treatment, and particularly relates to a device and a method for in-situ nutrient addition experiments.
Background
Over the years, eutrophication and water bloom phenomena of water bodies in rivers, lakes and reservoirs are widely concerned, and a large number of researches show that factors which possibly influence the growth of floating algae comprise nutrients (comprising various growth factors, such as nutrient salts and the like), illumination, temperature and hydrodynamic conditions, wherein the nutrients are the basis of the growth of the algae, and the growth of the algae is limited when the content of the nutrients is insufficient. The dynamic change of the nutrients in the water body is researched and mastered, the nutrient limiting factors for the growth of floating algae in the water body are identified, the reduction of the nutrient load of the watershed is facilitated to be clearly determined, a more definite watershed water pollution control target is formulated, the eutrophication of the water body is further relieved or the water bloom is prevented and controlled, and a lot of research works are carried out aiming at the related problems.
In research work, the existing in-situ nutrient addition experiment can identify the limited nutrients in a short time due to the in-situ property, and is widely applied at home and abroad. However, there are many experimental control cases in the experiment, such as the case where only the chlorophyll a concentration needs to be diluted in the experiment but the original water concentration needs to be maintained, or the case where a single factor variable of the experiment, i.e. the water in different areas needs to be controlled but the initial result composition and concentration of phytoplankton are consistent, is needed to be studied for the restriction factors of the water in different areas.
However, most of the existing experimental devices are devices for sampling, separating, counting or concentrating phytoplankton, or continuous culture and stabilization devices, for example, patent CN205879906U discloses a portable field experimental device for seawater nutrient salt enrichment culture, patent CN208155976U discloses a field experimental device for shipborne seawater nutrient salt enrichment enclosure culture, and so on.
Therefore, a device and a method are needed for separating algae water in the initial experiment, and simultaneously, a water sample and phytoplankton can be added into a container for experimental culture according to the quantitative requirement, which is of great significance to relevant research.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a device for an in-situ nutrient addition experiment, which can be used for the initial algae-laden water separation work of the in-situ nutrient addition experiment, can separate phytoplankton in an acquired original water sample from an original water body, does not change the nutritional state of the original water body and the composition of the phytoplankton, can be quantitatively subpackaged for a subsequent experiment, and can quantify the separated phytoplankton according to the needs (such as chlorophyll concentration) for further use in the next experiment. The invention has simple technical principle, convenient arrangement and comparison, simple manufacture, convenient operation and practicability.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for using the above device.
The above object is achieved by the following means.
A device for an in-situ nutrient adding experiment comprises a sample introduction part, a phytoplankton separation box, a phytoplankton box and a water body collection box, wherein a first clamping groove, a second clamping groove and a third clamping groove are respectively formed in the inner wall of the phytoplankton separation box, the first clamping groove is used for mounting one side edge of a phytoplankton net, the second clamping groove is used for mounting one side edge of a partition plate, and the third clamping groove is used for mounting the phytoplankton net and the other side edge of the partition plate; a water inlet and a first liquid outlet are respectively arranged on two opposite sides of the phytoplankton separation box, the first clamping grooves are positioned on the left side and the right side of the water inlet, and the phytoplankton net divides the water inlet into an upper part and a lower part; the second clamping groove is positioned below the water inlet, the third clamping groove is positioned below the first liquid outlet, and the center position of the second clamping groove is higher than that of the third clamping groove; the lower part of the phytoplankton separation box is provided with a second liquid outlet connected with the water body collection box, the first liquid outlet is connected with the phytoplankton box, and a chlorophyll detector and a water outlet with a filter membrane are arranged in the phytoplankton box; and valves are arranged at the water inlet, the water outlet, the first liquid outlet and the second liquid outlet.
In the device, the phytoplankton net is fixed by the first clamping groove and the third clamping groove, and the partition board is fixed by the second clamping groove and the third clamping groove; the structure of the first clamping groove and the second clamping groove can adopt the existing clamping groove structure for fixing the screen plate, the third clamping groove can be an upper clamping groove and a lower clamping groove, the upper clamping groove is used for fixing the phytoplankton net, and the lower clamping groove is used for fixing the partition plate; the third clamping groove can also be a clamping groove structure with a hinge at the upper part, the phytoplankton net is movably and detachably connected with the third clamping groove through the hinge, and the lower clamping groove structure of the third clamping groove is used for fixing the partition board.
The method comprises the steps of firstly installing a phytoplankton net in a phytoplankton separation box, introducing a water body sample into the phytoplankton separation box through a sample introduction part, intercepting the phytoplankton by the phytoplankton net, storing raw water by a water body collection box after the raw water passes through the phytoplankton separation box, then installing a partition plate, and flushing the phytoplankton net from the upper part and the lower part of the phytoplankton net by deionized water introduced from a water inlet through setting the positions of a first clamping groove, a second clamping groove and a third clamping groove; the baffle is used for controlling the water body to completely enter the phytoplankton box when the phytoplankton net is washed by the deionized water. The filter membrane in the phytoplankton box only allows water molecules to pass through, and the phytoplankton can be quantitatively adjusted through the chlorophyll detector for follow-up experiments. Specifically, according to experiment or research needs, after the phytoplankton on the phytoplankton net enters the phytoplankton box through washing, the required chlorophyll concentration is reached, if the concentration in the phytoplankton box is higher, deionized water can be continuously added from the water inlet for dilution, and if the concentration is lower, ionized water is removed from the water outlet of the phytoplankton box, so that the target concentration is obtained, but the structure of the phytoplankton is not changed.
According to the device, phytoplankton is collected through the phytoplankton box, so that the chlorophyll concentration is conveniently regulated and controlled, the original water concentration is maintained through the water collection box, the nutrition state of the original water and the composition of the phytoplankton are not changed, quantitative subpackaging can be carried out, and subsequent experiments such as multiple experiment controls, single factor variable experiments and the like can be conveniently carried out according to different experiment requirements.
The central point of second draw-in groove puts the central point who is higher than the third draw-in groove and puts, and the planar installation angle of baffle promptly is for inclining to first liquid outlet, the phytoplankton net is in the baffle top, and the inclination of phytoplankton net is greater than the baffle. Preferably, the installation angle of the plane of the partition plate is 3-5 degrees.
Preferably, a fourth clamping groove is formed in the sample injection part and used for installing a detachable zooplankton net; the sample injection part is positioned at the position close to the water inlet above the phytoplankton net. More preferably, the sample introduction part is a conical funnel, and the fourth clamping groove is located in the middle of the conical part of the conical funnel. According to the experimental requirement, the zooplankton net can be installed or detached; more preferably, the zooplankton net has a pore size of 0.20 mm.
Preferably, the first clamping groove is flush with the center of the water inlet; namely, the first clamping groove and the phytoplankton net divide the water inlet into an upper part and a lower part equally.
Preferably, the water inlet is centrally located in the upper part of the phytoplankton separation tank from the top end 1/3; the first liquid outlet is slightly lower than the water inlet, and the overall structure layout of the device is optimized.
Preferably, the second clamping groove and the third clamping groove are respectively located at the bottom ends of the water inlet and the first liquid outlet.
During the experiment, can get the liquid volume of water collecting box and phytoplankton case respectively according to required proportion, then mix and can be used to follow-up experiment operation, for the ration partial shipment of being convenient for more, it is preferred, still be equipped with the flowmeter between second liquid outlet and the water collecting box. More preferably, the flowmeter is used for controlling a valve on the pipeline, quantitatively setting the volume of the discharged water body, and automatically calculating and controlling the opening and closing of the valve according to the setting. At this moment, can directly add the liquid of adjusting phytoplankton concentration into the aqueous humor collecting box and mix evenly and can be used for follow-up experiment.
In order to uniformly mix the phytoplankton box, preferably, a stirring device is arranged in the phytoplankton box, and comprises a fixed bayonet, a fixed bracket, an automatic rotating disk, a stirring rod and a supporting part, wherein the automatic rotating disk is fixed at the top of the phytoplankton box through the supporting part, and the stirring rod is movably connected with the automatic rotating disk through the fixed bayonet; the fixed bayonet is connected with a fixed support which can be telescopically adjusted in the vertical direction, and the lower end of the fixed support is connected with the stirring rod and used for controlling the disturbance range of the stirring rod. The upper end of the fixed support rotates synchronously with the automatic rotating disk and the fixed bayonet, and the length of the lower end of the fixed support in the vertical direction is adjusted, so that the disturbance radius of the free end of the stirring rod is adjusted. More preferably, the stirring rod is made of PVC material and has the characteristic of being not fragile. The automatic rotating disc is an existing device, the rotating speed can be adjusted, and the disturbance intensity can be comprehensively controlled by using the automatic rotating disc and the fixed support.
Preferably, the chlorophyll detector comprises a chlorophyll display and a chlorophyll probe, and the chlorophyll display is used for displaying the monitoring result of the chlorophyll probe in real time. Specifically, the chlorophyll detector may be an existing chlorophyll-a detector. Preferably, the chlorophyll detector is further provided with a buzzer, and the chlorophyll detector gives out prompt sound after chlorophyll in the box body of the phytoplankton box reaches a certain chlorophyll fixed value set in the chlorophyll detector in advance.
Preferably, the phytoplankton box is further provided with a sampling port, and the sampling port is used for being connected with the water body collecting box. More preferably, the sampling port is connected with the water body collecting box through a peristaltic pump, so that quantitative automatic operation is facilitated.
The valves of the water inlet, the first liquid outlet, the second liquid outlet and the water outlet are all provided with matched water pipes
Preferably, the water body collecting box adopts a polyethylene plastic soft barrel, and scales are arranged on the polyethylene plastic soft barrel.
The invention also provides a using method of the device, which comprises the following steps:
s1, installing phytoplankton nets on the first clamping groove and the third clamping groove of the phytoplankton separation box;
s2, pouring the water sample into the phytoplankton separation box from the sample introduction part, opening a valve of the second liquid outlet, and putting the separated water sample without the phytoplankton into a water body collection box;
s3, lifting one side of the phytoplankton net close to the first clamping groove, installing partition plates on the second clamping groove and the third clamping groove, reducing the phytoplankton net, opening a valve of a water inlet and a valve of a first liquid outlet, introducing deionized water from the water inlet, and flushing all algae on the phytoplankton net into the phytoplankton box;
s4, open chlorophyll detector in the phytoplankton case, and make the water misce bene in the phytoplankton case, adjust the chlorophyll concentration in the phytoplankton case as required, if the concentration is on the high side in the phytoplankton case box, then continue to add deionized water from the water inlet and dilute, if the concentration is on the low side, then get rid of the deionized water through the delivery port filter membrane of phytoplankton case, thereby reach target concentration, mix the mixed liquid that reaches target concentration in the phytoplankton case and the normal position water in the water collecting box with certain proportion and carry out follow-up experiment.
More preferably, the using method comprises the following steps:
s1, installing phytoplankton nets on a first clamping groove and a third clamping groove of the phytoplankton separation box, setting a quantitative volume on a flowmeter, and selecting whether to install the zooplankton nets on a fourth clamping groove according to experiment needs;
if the experiment needs to remove large zooplankton, the zooplankton net is arranged on the fourth clamping groove;
if the water sample separated by the phytoplankton separating box needs to be subpackaged into the water collecting box according to the set target volume, the quantitative volume on the flowmeter can be set as the target volume;
s2, pouring the water sample into the phytoplankton separation box from the sample introduction part, opening a valve of the second liquid outlet, and quantitatively filling the separated water sample without the phytoplankton into a water body collection box through a flowmeter according to the target volume required by the experiment;
s3, lifting one side of the phytoplankton net close to the first clamping groove, installing partition plates on the second clamping groove and the third clamping groove, reducing the phytoplankton net, opening a valve of a water inlet and a valve of a first liquid outlet, introducing deionized water from the water inlet, and flushing all algae on the phytoplankton net into the phytoplankton box;
s4, opening a stirring device and a chlorophyll detector, adjusting the disturbance intensity of the stirring device through an automatic rotating disk and a telescopic fixed support, uniformly mixing water in the phytoplankton box, adjusting the chlorophyll concentration in the phytoplankton box as required, if the concentration in the phytoplankton box is higher, continuously adding deionized water from a water inlet for dilution, if the concentration is lower, removing the deionized water through a water outlet filter membrane of the phytoplankton box, so as to reach the target concentration, and sending a prompt tone by the chlorophyll detector after reaching the target concentration; and mixing the mixed liquid reaching the target concentration in the phytoplankton box and the in-situ water in the water collecting box according to a certain proportion for carrying out subsequent experiments.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the device can be used for separating initial algae water in an in-situ nutrient adding experiment, can separate phytoplankton and raw water in an original water sample which is uniformly mixed by collection without changing the nutrition state of the raw water and the composition of the phytoplankton, can be quantitatively subpackaged for a subsequent experiment, and can quantify the separated phytoplankton according to the requirement (chlorophyll a concentration) so as to be used for the next experiment. The invention has simple technical principle, convenient setting and comparison, simple manufacture, convenient operation and practicability, and can be better applied to relevant experimental research.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a partial schematic view of mounting positions of a first card slot, a second card slot, and a third card slot in an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a partial schematic view of positions of a first clamping groove and a second clamping groove at a water inlet a in fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view of the overall structure of embodiment 1 of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a partial schematic view of a fixing bayonet and a fixing bracket of the stirring device in embodiment 1 of the invention.
In the figure: 1. a sample introduction part; 2. a phytoplankton separation tank; 201. a water inlet; 202. a first liquid outlet; 203. a second liquid outlet; 3. a phytoplankton tank; 301. a water outlet; 4-1, a water inlet valve; 4-2, a first liquid outlet valve; 4-3, a second liquid outlet valve; 4-4, a water outlet valve; 5. a fourth card slot; 6. a zooplankton net; 7. a chlorophyll display; 8. a chlorophyll probe; 9. a stirring device; 9-1, fixing the bayonet; 9-2, fixing a bracket; 9-3, automatically rotating the disc; 9-4, stirring rods; 9-5, a support part; 10. filtering the membrane; 11. a flow meter; 12. a water body collection box; 13. a matched water pipe; 14. a first card slot; 15. a phytoplankton net; 16. a second card slot; 17. a partition plate; 18. and a third card slot.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the embodiments in this patent will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only some embodiments, not all embodiments, of this patent. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments of the patent without making creative efforts, shall fall within the protection scope of the patent.
In the description of this patent, it is noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", "top", and the like, indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience in describing the patent and for simplicity in description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore, should not be construed as limiting the patent. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
In the description of this patent, it is noted that, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "communicating" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. It is to be noted that all the figures are exemplary representations. The meaning of the above terms in this patent may be specifically understood by those of ordinary skill in the art.
The patent is described in further detail below with reference to specific embodiments and with reference to the attached drawings.
A device for an in-situ nutrient adding experiment comprises a sample introduction part 1, a phytoplankton separation box 2, a phytoplankton box 3 and a water body collection box 12, wherein a first clamping groove 14, a second clamping groove 16 and a third clamping groove 18 are respectively formed in the inner wall of the phytoplankton separation box 2, the first clamping groove 14 is used for mounting one side edge of a phytoplankton net 15, the second clamping groove 16 is used for mounting one side edge of a partition plate 17, and the third clamping groove 18 is used for mounting the opposite side edges of the phytoplankton net 15 and the partition plate 17; a water inlet 201 and a first liquid outlet 202 are respectively arranged on two opposite sides of the phytoplankton separation box 2, the first clamping grooves 14 are positioned on the left side and the right side of the water inlet 201, and the phytoplankton net 15 divides the water inlet 201 into an upper part and a lower part; the second clamping groove 16 is positioned below the water inlet 201, the third clamping groove 18 is positioned below the first liquid outlet 202, and the center position of the second clamping groove 16 is higher than the center position of the third clamping groove 18; the lower part of the phytoplankton separation box 2 is provided with a second liquid outlet 203 connected with a water body collection box 12, the first liquid outlet 202 is connected with a phytoplankton box 3, and a chlorophyll detector and a water outlet 301 with a filter membrane 10 are arranged in the phytoplankton box 3; valves are arranged at the water inlet 201, the first liquid outlet 202, the second liquid outlet 203 and the water outlet 301, and are respectively a water inlet valve 4-1, a first liquid outlet valve 4-2, a second liquid outlet valve 4-3 and a water outlet valve 4-4.
In the device, the phytoplankton net 15 is fixed by the first clamping groove 14 and the third clamping groove 18, and the partition plate 17 is fixed by the second clamping groove 16 and the third clamping groove 18; the structures of the first clamping groove 14 and the second clamping groove 16 can adopt the existing clamping groove structure for fixing the net plate, the third clamping groove 18 can be a clamping groove structure with a hinge at the upper part, the phytoplankton net 15 is movably connected with the third clamping groove 18 through the hinge, and the lower clamping groove structure of the third clamping groove 18 is used for fixing the partition plate 17. Or, as shown in fig. 1, the third slot 18 is a structure with an upper slot and a lower slot, and has two parallel fixing bayonets, the upper slot is used for fixing the phytoplankton net 15, and the lower slot is used for fixing the partition 17.
In the device, a first clamping groove 14, a second clamping groove 16 and a third clamping groove 18 are used for stabilizing and limiting the positions and the inclination angles of the phytoplankton net 15 and the partition plate 17, and in order to better fix the phytoplankton net 15 and the partition plate 17, a plurality of clamping grooves which are uniformly distributed or oppositely arranged can be arranged on the inner wall of the phytoplankton separating box 2 for fixing according to requirements.
According to the device, phytoplankton is collected through the phytoplankton box 3, so that the chlorophyll concentration is conveniently regulated and controlled, the raw water concentration is kept through the water body collection box 12, the nutrition state of the raw water body and the composition of the phytoplankton are not changed, quantitative subpackaging can be carried out, and subsequent experiments such as various experiment controls, single-factor variable experiments and the like can be conveniently carried out according to different experiment requirements.
Example 1
A device for in-situ nutrient addition experiment comprises a sample introduction part 1, a phytoplankton separation box 2, a phytoplankton box 3 and a water body collection box 12. The conical part of the conical funnel of the sample introduction part 1 is 10cm high and 15cm in maximum diameter, the middle part is provided with a fourth clamping groove 5 for mounting a zooplankton net 6, the aperture is 0.20mm, the net diameter is 10cm, and the diameter of the bottom of the conical funnel is 5 cm.
The phytoplankton separating box 2 is a plastic circular thickened barrel with the diameter of 80cm and the height of 80cm, the two opposite sides of the phytoplankton separating box 2 are respectively provided with a water inlet 201 and a first liquid outlet 202, the water inlet 201 and the first liquid outlet 202 are respectively provided with a water inlet valve 4-1 and a first liquid outlet valve 4-2, the left water inlet 201 is positioned at the position 1/3 away from the top of the phytoplankton separating box 2 and is slightly higher than the right first liquid outlet 202, the inner wall of the phytoplankton separating box 2 is respectively provided with a first clamping groove 14, a second clamping groove 16 and a third clamping groove 18, the first clamping groove 14 is used for installing one side edge of a 25# phytoplankton net 15, the second clamping groove 16 is used for installing one side edge of a partition board 17, the third clamping groove 18 is used for installing the opposite side edges of the phytoplankton net 15 and the partition board 17, and the first clamping groove 14 is positioned at the left side and the right side of the water inlet 201, the phytoplankton net 15 is separated into upper and lower two parts with water inlet 201, and the deionized water that gets into through water inlet valve 4-1 can be followed phytoplankton net 15 top and below and washed and brushed phytoplankton net 15, and baffle 17 is 3 ~ 5 degrees with the angle of horizontal plane, and when the effect was washed phytoplankton net 15 with deionized water, the control water was all got into phytoplankton case 3. The second clamping groove 16 and the third clamping groove 18 are respectively located at the bottom ends of the water inlet 201 and the first liquid outlet 202, and the center position of the second clamping groove 16 is higher than the center position of the third clamping groove 18. A second liquid outlet valve 4-3 with a flow meter 11 is arranged below the left side of the phytoplankton separation box 2 through a second liquid outlet 203, and the flow meter 11 can automatically calculate and control the opening and closing of the second liquid outlet valve 4-3 according to the setting for quantitatively setting the volume of the water body discharged to the water body collection box 12. The water inlet valve 4-1, the first liquid outlet valve 4-2, the second liquid outlet valve 4-3 and the water outlet valve 4-4 are all provided with matched water pipes 13 made of PVC materials and having the diameter of 2.5 cm.
The phytoplankton separation box 2 is used for introducing phytoplankton and deionized water into the phytoplankton box 3 through the first liquid outlet 202 and the first liquid outlet valve 4-2, the phytoplankton box 3 is a plastic round barrel with the diameter of 20cm and the height of 60cm, and the automatic stirring device 9 is arranged, the stirring device 9 comprises a fixed bayonet 9-1, a fixed support 9-2, an automatic rotating disc 9-3, a stirring rod 9-4 and a supporting part 9-5, the fixed support 9-2 can be adjusted in a telescopic mode, the disturbance range of the stirring rod 9-4 is controlled, the rotating speed of the automatic rotating disc 9-3 can be adjusted, the disturbance intensity can be comprehensively controlled, and the purpose is to enable liquid in the phytoplankton box 3 to be uniformly mixed. As shown in fig. 4, the stirring rod 9-4 is movably connected with the automatic rotating disk 9-3 through the fixed bayonet 9-1, the rotor of the automatic rotating disk 9-3 rotates after being electrified to drive the rotating disk to rotate, so that the stirring device 9 automatically stirs, the rotation speed of the rotor can be adjusted, and the stirring speed of the stirring rod 9-4 is controlled. The fixed bayonet 9-1 is connected with a fixed support 9-2 which can stretch in the vertical direction, and the lower end of the fixed support 9-2 is connected with a stirring rod 9-4; namely, the top end of the fixed support 9-2 is fixed at the fixed bayonet 9-1, the fixed support 9-2 can be adjusted in length in a telescopic mode in the vertical direction, the lower end of the fixed support 9-2 is movably connected with the stirring rod 9-4, the stirring diameter of the stirring rod 9-4 can be adjusted by utilizing the telescopic length of the fixed support 9-2, and therefore the stirring radius of the stirring rod 9-4 is controlled. The stirring rod is 9-4 cm long and 50cm, is made of PVC material, and is not easy to break when used in field experiments. A chlorophyll detector is arranged below the left side of the phytoplankton box 3 and comprises a chlorophyll display 7 and a chlorophyll probe 8, the chlorophyll detector is particularly used for displaying the monitoring result of the concentration of chlorophyll a in real time and can set a certain chlorophyll a definite value, and after the chlorophyll a in the box body reaches the definite value, the chlorophyll detector gives out prompt sound. The water outlet 301 below the right side of the phytoplankton box 3 is provided with a water outlet valve 4-4 with a filter membrane 10, and the filter membrane 10 is an ultrafiltration membrane and can only pass through water molecules. All the valves (4-1, 4-2, 4-3 and 4-4) are connected with the box body (comprising the phytoplankton separating box 2 and the phytoplankton box 3) in a square shape with the side length of 4cm, and the valves are gradually changed into a circle shape and are connected with a matched water pipe 13 in a matching way. As shown in fig. 3-4.
A method of using the above apparatus for in situ nutrient addition experiments comprising the steps of:
(1) install phytoplankton net 15 on the first draw-in groove 14 and the third draw-in groove 18 of phytoplankton separator box 2, whether install zooplankton net 6 according to the experiment needs selection, when carrying out the normal position nutrition experiment when preparing, if need remove large-scale zooplankton, then can install large-scale zooplankton net 6 on the fourth draw-in groove 5 of sample introduction portion 1 funnel cone part, the diameter of zooplankton net 6 is 0.2mm, also can adjust by oneself according to the experiment needs.
(2) Pouring the collected uniformly mixed water sample into the phytoplankton separation box 2 from the conical funnel of the sample introduction part 1, opening the second liquid outlet valve 4-3, and quantitatively filling the separated water sample without the phytoplankton into the water collection box 12 according to the experimental requirement. Through the volume setting on the flowmeter 11, after each filling, the reduction is set, and the next volume metering is carried out to reach the quantity required by the experiment.
(3) Slightly lifting the phytoplankton net 15 from the left side, installing an insertion clapboard 17, then reducing the phytoplankton net 15, opening a water inlet valve 4-1 and a first liquid outlet valve 4-2, introducing deionized water from the water inlet valve 4-1, and flushing all algae on the phytoplankton net 15 into the phytoplankton box 3;
(4) open agitating unit and chlorophyll detector, agitating unit's disturbance intensity is adjustable, and aim at makes the water homogeneous mixing in the phytoplankton case 3, can adjust the chlorophyll a concentration in the case as required, and chlorophyll detector can send the prompt tone after reaching the target concentration. The process of adjusting chlorophyll a in the box is that if the concentration of the box body is higher, deionized water can be continuously added from the water inlet valve 4-1 for dilution, and if the concentration is lower, the deionized water is discharged from the water outlet valve 4-4, so that the target concentration is obtained, but the structure of phytoplankton is not changed, and the method is used for subsequent experiments.
Example 2
The following experiment was carried out using the apparatus of example 1.
The experimental requirements are as follows: if an in-situ nutrient salt addition experiment in the same region is carried out, the initial chlorophyll a needs to be controlled to be at a certain concentration;
the experimental operation is as follows: if the separated water sample is required to be separately loaded into the water body collection tank 12 in 4L, the quantitative volume of the flowmeter 11 can be set to be 4L. If the chlorophyll a concentration in each water body collection box 12 (4L each experiment water sample) for cultivation needs to be controlled to be 5 mug/L, the chlorophyll a concentration in the phytoplankton box 3 can be controlled to be 5mg/L, 4mL of liquid with the concentration adjusted by the phytoplankton box 3 is added into each water body collection box 12, so that the initial chlorophyll a concentration of each water body collection box 12 is consistent, and the phytoplankton structure is basically consistent due to uniform mixing. The designed nutrients can be conveniently added in the next step, and the subsequent culture, sampling and the like can be conveniently carried out.
Example 3
The following experiment was carried out using the apparatus of example 1.
The experimental requirements are as follows: if in-situ nutrient salt addition experiments of water bodies in different areas are carried out, the water bodies in the different areas need to be controlled to be single-factor variable, and the initial algae species and concentration are kept consistent;
the experimental operation is as follows: different regional waters need to be controlled to the single factor variable, and other conditions remain the same, at first according to the order with treat the different regional waters of experiment get rid of zooplankton, respectively through phytoplankton separator box 2, collect different regional waters respectively to the water collecting box 12 in, for example three parallel appearance in every region, with the water sample every 20L partial shipment after the different regional separation to the water collecting box 12 in, can set up the ration volume on the flowmeter 11 and be 20L, 3 20L of every regional partial shipment. In the experiment, the phytoplankton type and chlorophyll a concentration of initial conditions need to be selected, if the phytoplankton of an in-situ water body in a certain area (point position) is taken as the initial conditions, the phytoplankton box 3 can be cleaned by deionized water before a water sample in the area is treated in the experiment, then water sample separation is started, then the phytoplankton in the phytoplankton box 3 corresponding to the area is taken as the initial conditions, similarly, if the chlorophyll a concentration in each water collection box 12 (each 20L of experiment water sample) used for cultivation needs to be controlled at 10 mug/L, the chlorophyll a concentration is adjusted at 100mg/L, 2mL of the liquid with the adjusted concentration in the phytoplankton box 3 is added into each water collection box 12 (each water collection box is a different area in-situ water body), so that the initial chlorophyll a concentration of each water collection box 12 is consistent at 10 mug/L, and the phytoplankton structure is basically consistent. If the phytoplankton in different areas needs to be mixed as the initial condition, the phytoplankton can be added and combined according to different designed proportions to be used as the initial condition of the nutrient salt addition experiment.
Example 4
The following experiment was carried out using the apparatus of example 1.
Set up the control experiment, chlorophyll initial concentration is different promptly, only needs the control to adjust the concentration of chlorophyll in phytoplankton case 3, follows in proper order and takes a sample in phytoplankton case 3 and be used for follow-up experiment. In addition, the method can also be used for quantitative chlorophyll sampling, quantitative water body sampling for removing (not removing) phytoplankton and the like. When the method is used for quantitative sampling of chlorophyll, the collected water sample can be directly placed in the phytoplankton box 3, and deionized water is introduced or discharged to adjust the concentration of the chlorophyll to be required; when the water sample is quantitatively collected, phytoplankton or zooplankton can be removed as required, a phytoplankton net or a zooplankton net is installed without installation, and the collected water sample is quantitatively sampled into a water collection tank (or a sampling bottle) as required after passing through the phytoplankton separation tank 2.
The above examples describe the practice of the present invention in detail, however, the present invention is not limited to the specific details in the above embodiments. Within the scope of the claims and the technical idea of the invention, a number of simple modifications and changes can be made to the technical solution of the invention, and these simple modifications are within the scope of protection of the invention.
Claims (7)
1. A method for an in-situ nutrient adding experiment is characterized in that a device adopted by the method comprises a sample introduction part, a phytoplankton separation box, a phytoplankton box and a water body collection box, wherein a first clamping groove, a second clamping groove and a third clamping groove are respectively formed in the inner wall of the phytoplankton separation box, the first clamping groove is used for mounting one side edge of a phytoplankton net, the second clamping groove is used for mounting one side edge of a partition plate, and the third clamping groove is used for mounting the phytoplankton net and the other side edge of the partition plate; a water inlet and a first liquid outlet are respectively arranged on two opposite sides of the phytoplankton separation box, the first clamping grooves are positioned on the left side and the right side of the water inlet, and the phytoplankton net divides the water inlet into an upper part and a lower part; the second clamping groove is positioned below the water inlet, the third clamping groove is positioned below the first liquid outlet, and the central position of the second clamping groove is higher than that of the third clamping groove; the lower part of the phytoplankton separation box is provided with a second liquid outlet connected with the water body collection box, the first liquid outlet is connected with the phytoplankton box, and a chlorophyll detector and a water outlet with a filter membrane are arranged in the phytoplankton box; valves are arranged at the water inlet, the water outlet, the first liquid outlet and the second liquid outlet; the first clamping groove is flush with the center of the water inlet in height; the second clamping groove and the third clamping groove are respectively positioned at the bottom ends of the water inlet and the first liquid outlet;
the method comprises the following steps:
s1, installing phytoplankton nets on the first clamping groove and the third clamping groove of the phytoplankton separation box;
s2, pouring the water sample into the phytoplankton separation box from the sample introduction part, opening a valve of the second liquid outlet, and putting the separated water sample without the phytoplankton into a water body collection box;
s3, lifting one side of the phytoplankton net close to the first clamping groove, installing partition plates on the second clamping groove and the third clamping groove, reducing the phytoplankton net, opening a valve of a water inlet and a valve of a first liquid outlet, introducing deionized water from the water inlet, and flushing all algae on the phytoplankton net into the phytoplankton box;
s4, open chlorophyll detector in the phytoplankton case, and make the water misce bene in the phytoplankton case, adjust the chlorophyll concentration in the phytoplankton case as required, if the concentration is on the high side in the phytoplankton case box, then continue to add deionized water from the water inlet and dilute, if the concentration is on the low side, then get rid of the deionized water through the delivery port filter membrane of phytoplankton case, thereby reach target concentration, mix the mixed liquid that reaches target concentration in the phytoplankton case and the normal position water in the water collecting box with certain proportion and carry out follow-up experiment.
2. The method for the in-situ nutrient addition experiment as claimed in claim 1, wherein a fourth clamping groove is arranged in the sample injection part and used for installing a detachable zooplankton net; the sample injection part is positioned at the position, close to the water inlet, above the phytoplankton net.
3. The method for in situ nutrient addition experiments according to claim 1, wherein the water inlet is centrally located in the upper part of the phytoplankton separation tank from the top 1/3.
4. The method for the in situ nutrient addition experiment as claimed in claim 1, wherein a flow meter is further arranged between the second liquid outlet and the water collection tank.
5. The method for the in-situ nutrient adding experiment as claimed in claim 1, wherein a stirring device is arranged in the phytoplankton box, the stirring device comprises a fixed bayonet, a fixed bracket, an automatic rotating disc, a stirring rod and a supporting part, the automatic rotating disc is fixed on the top of the phytoplankton box through the supporting part, and the stirring rod is movably connected with the automatic rotating disc through the fixed bayonet; the fixing clamping opening is connected with a fixing support which can be telescopically adjusted in the vertical direction, and the lower end of the fixing support is connected with the stirring rod and used for controlling the disturbance range of the stirring rod.
6. The method for in situ nutrient addition experiments according to claim 1, wherein the chlorophyll detector comprises a chlorophyll display and a chlorophyll probe, and the chlorophyll display is used for displaying the monitoring result of the chlorophyll probe in real time.
7. The method for the in-situ nutrient addition experiment as claimed in claim 1, wherein the phytoplankton box is further provided with a sampling port, and the sampling port is used for being connected with a water body collection box.
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| CN111707651B (en) * | 2020-06-22 | 2023-05-23 | 自然资源部第二海洋研究所 | In-situ seawater nutrition enrichment experimental device and application method thereof |
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