CN111097718A - Fruit automatic separation device based on diffuse reflection and diffuse transmission - Google Patents
Fruit automatic separation device based on diffuse reflection and diffuse transmission Download PDFInfo
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- CN111097718A CN111097718A CN202010013284.3A CN202010013284A CN111097718A CN 111097718 A CN111097718 A CN 111097718A CN 202010013284 A CN202010013284 A CN 202010013284A CN 111097718 A CN111097718 A CN 111097718A
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- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 189
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 45
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 title claims description 4
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 124
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 124
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical group [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 88
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 88
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 82
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 76
- 239000013307 optical fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 56
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 claims description 34
- RFSUNEUAIZKAJO-ARQDHWQXSA-N Fructose Chemical compound OC[C@H]1O[C@](O)(CO)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O RFSUNEUAIZKAJO-ARQDHWQXSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 229930091371 Fructose Natural products 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910001294 Reinforcing steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 229960002737 fructose Drugs 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000000862 absorption spectrum Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000005089 fruit drop Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000032258 transport Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001678 irradiating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 claims 6
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 10
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000003595 spectral effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000002329 infrared spectrum Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003139 buffering effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012827 research and development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940088594 vitamin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229930003231 vitamin Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 235000013343 vitamin Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011782 vitamin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003722 vitamin derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
- B07C—POSTAL SORTING; SORTING INDIVIDUAL ARTICLES, OR BULK MATERIAL FIT TO BE SORTED PIECE-MEAL, e.g. BY PICKING
- B07C5/00—Sorting according to a characteristic or feature of the articles or material being sorted, e.g. by control effected by devices which detect or measure such characteristic or feature; Sorting by manually actuated devices, e.g. switches
- B07C5/34—Sorting according to other particular properties
- B07C5/342—Sorting according to other particular properties according to optical properties, e.g. colour
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
- B07C—POSTAL SORTING; SORTING INDIVIDUAL ARTICLES, OR BULK MATERIAL FIT TO BE SORTED PIECE-MEAL, e.g. BY PICKING
- B07C5/00—Sorting according to a characteristic or feature of the articles or material being sorted, e.g. by control effected by devices which detect or measure such characteristic or feature; Sorting by manually actuated devices, e.g. switches
- B07C5/02—Measures preceding sorting, e.g. arranging articles in a stream orientating
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
- B07C—POSTAL SORTING; SORTING INDIVIDUAL ARTICLES, OR BULK MATERIAL FIT TO BE SORTED PIECE-MEAL, e.g. BY PICKING
- B07C5/00—Sorting according to a characteristic or feature of the articles or material being sorted, e.g. by control effected by devices which detect or measure such characteristic or feature; Sorting by manually actuated devices, e.g. switches
- B07C5/04—Sorting according to size
- B07C5/10—Sorting according to size measured by light-responsive means
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
- B07C—POSTAL SORTING; SORTING INDIVIDUAL ARTICLES, OR BULK MATERIAL FIT TO BE SORTED PIECE-MEAL, e.g. BY PICKING
- B07C5/00—Sorting according to a characteristic or feature of the articles or material being sorted, e.g. by control effected by devices which detect or measure such characteristic or feature; Sorting by manually actuated devices, e.g. switches
- B07C5/34—Sorting according to other particular properties
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
- B07C—POSTAL SORTING; SORTING INDIVIDUAL ARTICLES, OR BULK MATERIAL FIT TO BE SORTED PIECE-MEAL, e.g. BY PICKING
- B07C5/00—Sorting according to a characteristic or feature of the articles or material being sorted, e.g. by control effected by devices which detect or measure such characteristic or feature; Sorting by manually actuated devices, e.g. switches
- B07C5/34—Sorting according to other particular properties
- B07C5/3416—Sorting according to other particular properties according to radiation transmissivity, e.g. for light, x-rays, particle radiation
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
- B07C—POSTAL SORTING; SORTING INDIVIDUAL ARTICLES, OR BULK MATERIAL FIT TO BE SORTED PIECE-MEAL, e.g. BY PICKING
- B07C5/00—Sorting according to a characteristic or feature of the articles or material being sorted, e.g. by control effected by devices which detect or measure such characteristic or feature; Sorting by manually actuated devices, e.g. switches
- B07C5/36—Sorting apparatus characterised by the means used for distribution
- B07C5/361—Processing or control devices therefor, e.g. escort memory
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
- B07C—POSTAL SORTING; SORTING INDIVIDUAL ARTICLES, OR BULK MATERIAL FIT TO BE SORTED PIECE-MEAL, e.g. BY PICKING
- B07C5/00—Sorting according to a characteristic or feature of the articles or material being sorted, e.g. by control effected by devices which detect or measure such characteristic or feature; Sorting by manually actuated devices, e.g. switches
- B07C5/36—Sorting apparatus characterised by the means used for distribution
- B07C5/361—Processing or control devices therefor, e.g. escort memory
- B07C5/362—Separating or distributor mechanisms
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- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Sorting Of Articles (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an automatic fruit sorting device based on diffuse reflection and diffuse transmission, which comprises a conveyor, a sliding opening, a first steel ring, a steel bar, an iron ring, a gear, a support, a second steel ring, a sliding groove, a carton, a first stepping motor, a sorting machine, a PLC (programmable logic controller), a servo motor and a support frame.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of fruit sorting, in particular to an automatic fruit sorting device based on diffuse reflection and diffuse transmission.
Background
With the development of society, people do not pay attention to external quality such as appearance shape, size, color and the like when selecting and purchasing fruits, and the internal quality of the fruits is also used as a reference standard, such as indexes of sugar degree, acidity, vitamin content and the like. Before the fruits are sold in the market, the quality of the fruits can be detected, and the size, whether the fruits are rotten or not and the like can be identified. At present, in some developed countries abroad, fruits are immediately sorted according to internal quality and external quality after being picked, and the near infrared spectrum technology has the defects of high cost, complex operation process, long consumption time, secondary pollution and the like compared with the traditional chemical damage detection method, obtains wide approval by the advantages of safety, high efficiency, rapidness, accuracy, low cost, wide application range and the like, and also conforms to the concept of developing green agriculture. The near infrared spectrum nondestructive detection technology is a new technology which can detect the internal quality of fruits and does not damage the fruits, and is already put into the post-production treatment and processing processes of agricultural products, and related devices are in research and development and function upgrading all the time.
In the prior art, the mainly adopted near infrared spectrum nondestructive detection technology is either based on the diffuse reflection principle or diffuse transmission, and the two methods can only obtain the spectral information of most fruits and can not acquire all the spectral information of the fruits, so that the identified information is not comprehensive.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the above problems, an object of the present invention is to provide an automatic fruit sorting apparatus based on diffuse reflection and diffuse transmission, which detects fruits by combining diffuse reflection and diffuse transmission, more comprehensively identifies spectral information of the fruits, introduces a fruit absorption spectrum into an established fruit sugar and acidity prediction model to obtain contents of sugar and acidity of the fruits, and then classifies the fruits according to sizes of the fruits.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the fruit automatic sorting device based on diffuse reflection and diffuse transmission provided by the invention is realized as follows:
a fruit automatic separation device based on diffuse reflection and diffuse transmission comprises a conveyor, a sliding port, a first steel ring, a steel bar, an iron ring, a gear, a support, a second steel ring, a sliding groove, a carton, a first stepping motor, a separator, a PLC (programmable logic controller), a servo motor and a support frame, wherein the right end of the conveyor is provided with the sliding port, the conveyor conveys fruits to be detected to the sliding port, the fruits to be detected enter the first steel ring from the sliding port, the servo motor is installed below the iron ring, the support frame is installed in the iron ring, the center of the support frame is connected with a rotating shaft of the servo motor, the PLC is installed beside the servo motor, the servo motor is controlled to rotate by the PLC, the servo motor drives the support frame to rotate, the iron ring to rotate, a plurality of steel bars are installed on the iron ring at equal intervals, a first steel ring is installed on each steel bar, and the fruit at the sliding port is, a sorting machine is arranged on the right side of the iron ring, a first stepping motor and sliding chutes are arranged on the right side of the sorting machine, gears are arranged on a rotating shaft of the first stepping motor, a bracket is connected between a second steel ring and the gears, the first stepping motor is controlled by a PLC controller to rotate, the first stepping motor drives the gears to rotate, the gears drive the bracket to rotate and further drive the second steel ring to rotate, a carton is placed below each sliding chute in an inclined mode, the servo motor drives the iron ring to rotate, the first steel ring is moved to the position below a sliding opening, the sliding opening slides fruits transmitted by a conveyor to the first steel ring, the fruits to be detected are transferred to the sorting machine along with the rotation of the servo motor, after the sorting machine is graded, the first stepping motor drives the second steel ring to be transferred to the position below the first steel ring in the sorting machine, the fruits detected in the first steel ring are received, then the fruits continue to rotate, and according to the hierarchical kind of spout with fruit place to correspond the spout on, slide in the carton on the spout.
The sliding opening comprises a first metal aluminum plate, a metal frame, a hinge, a movable frame, a first telescopic motor and a first infrared receiver, wherein two identical first metal aluminum plates are arranged in the metal frame, the first metal aluminum plates are connected with the metal frame through the hinge, the movable frame is arranged on the two first metal aluminum plates, the common end of the movable frame is connected to a telescopic rod of the first telescopic motor, the PLC controller controls the first telescopic motor to stretch or compress the movable frame to realize opening and closing of the first metal aluminum plates so as to control an apple to slide into a first steel ring from the sliding opening, and the first infrared receiver is arranged on the edge of the metal frame and used for detecting whether the first steel ring reaches the position below the sliding opening.
The movable frame comprises metal aluminum strips and bolts, a V-shaped structure is formed by combining four metal aluminum strips, the two metal aluminum strips are connected through the bolts, one ends of the two metal aluminum strips are connected with a first metal aluminum plate, and the joint of the other two metal aluminum strips is connected with a telescopic rod of a first telescopic motor.
The first steel ring of the invention comprises a first steering engine, a first half gear, a first infrared emitter, a reinforcing steel bar and a second half gear, wherein the first steering engine is arranged on a steel bar, the first half gear is arranged on a rotating shaft of the first steering engine, the second half gear is arranged beside the first half gear, the first half gear is meshed with the second half gear, the first half gear and the second half gear are provided with two identical reinforcing steel bars, the reinforcing steel bars are arranged in a concave shape, the first infrared emitter is arranged on the reinforcing steel bars, the PLC controller controls the first steering engine to rotate so as to drive the first half gear to rotate, the first half gear is in transmission with the second half gear, the first steering engine rotates forwards to move the two reinforcing steel bars towards the middle, the two reinforcing steel bars form a circular ring, when the first steel ring rotates below a sliding port, infrared light emitted by the first infrared emitter is received by the first infrared receiver, the PLC controller controls the first telescopic motor to open the first metal aluminum plate, the fruit to be measured slides to the first steel ring, and when the first steel ring drives the fruit to enter the sorting machine and is detected to be finished, the PLC controller controls the first steering engine to rotate reversely, so that the two steel bars are separated, and the fruit drops into the second steel ring from the two steel bars.
The sorting machine comprises a laser emitter, a convex lens, a first concave mirror, a first optical fiber probe, a reflector, an optical fiber spectrometer, a high-definition camera, a second concave mirror, a second optical fiber probe, a spectroscope and a plano-convex lens, wherein the first optical fiber probe, the second optical fiber probe and the optical fiber spectrometer are connected through the optical fiber, the convex lens is arranged between the laser emitter and the plano-convex lens, the spectroscope is arranged below the plano-convex lens, the reflector is arranged in the horizontal direction of the spectroscope, the first concave mirror and the second concave mirror are arranged oppositely, the first optical fiber probe is arranged below the first concave mirror, the second optical fiber probe is arranged below the second concave mirror, the high-definition camera is arranged below the reflector in an oblique direction, the high-definition camera is used for detecting the size of fruits, when a servo motor rotates the fruits on a first steel ring into the sorting machine, laser beams emitted by the laser emitter are expanded through, then the fruit sugar is collimated by a plano-convex lens, the laser beam is divided into two paths of light rays by a spectroscope, one path of light ray directly irradiates to a fruit to be measured after passing through a spectroscope, the other path of light ray is reflected to the fruit by a reflecting mirror, the two paths of laser irradiated to the fruit are subjected to diffuse reflection and diffuse transmission in the fruit, the light rays subjected to diffuse reflection are reflected to a first concave mirror and are collected to a first optical fiber probe in a first concave mirror, the first optical fiber probe transmits the received light to an optical fiber spectrometer through an optical fiber for analysis, the light rays subjected to diffuse transmission are reflected to a second concave mirror and are collected to a second optical fiber probe in a second concave mirror, the second optical fiber probe transmits the received light to the optical fiber spectrometer through the optical fiber for analysis, the optical fiber spectrometer transmits the analyzed result to a PC end, and the fruit absorption spectrum is guided into the established fruit sugar, In the acidity prediction model, the contents of fruit sugar and acidity are obtained, then the image of the fruit collected by the high-definition camera is sent to the PLC, and then the image is transmitted to the PC end to be subjected to image recognition, so that the size of the fruit is recognized, the PC end divides the fruit grade according to the size, sugar and acidity of the fruit in a segmented manner, the PC end feeds the classified information back to the PLC, and the PLC controls the first stepping motor to drive the second steel ring to place the sorted fruit into a corresponding sliding groove.
The bracket comprises a first metal aluminum strip, a second steering engine, a second metal aluminum strip, a second steel ring and a second infrared receiver, wherein the first metal aluminum strip is arranged between the second steering engine and a gear, the second metal aluminum strip is arranged between a rotating shaft of the second steering engine and the second steel ring, the second infrared receiver is arranged below the second metal aluminum strip, when the PLC controls a first stepping motor to rotate the bracket to the position above a corresponding grading chute, the PLC controls the second steering engine to rotate forwards to enable the second metal aluminum strip to rotate downwards in an inclined mode, fruits in the second steel ring are transferred into the grading chute, and the fruits in the second steel ring are slid into a carton in the chute to be boxed.
The number of the chutes is determined according to the grading number required by a user, each grade is provided with one chute, a second red emitter is arranged obliquely above each chute, the second infrared emitter is connected with the PLC, after fruits are graded at the PC end, information is fed back to the PLC, the PLC controls the second red emitters on the corresponding grading chutes to emit infrared light, the second red emitters on other grading chutes do not emit infrared light, and when the second infrared receiver receives the infrared light, the fact that the fruits are placed in the chutes at the positions is indicated.
The invention also discloses a feeding machine beside the conveyor, which is used for grabbing and placing fruits on a conveying belt of the conveyor, wherein the feeding machine comprises a first supporting plate, a sliding plate, a second telescopic motor, an air suction machine, a second stepping motor, a straight gear, a second supporting plate, a second metal aluminum plate, a metal aluminum pipe and a rubber ring, the first supporting plate and the second supporting plate are arranged on the conveyor, the sliding plate is arranged at the top ends of the first supporting plate and the second supporting plate, the air suction machine and the second stepping motor are arranged above the sliding plate, the straight gear is arranged on a rotating shaft of the second stepping motor, the second stepping motor is controlled by a PLC controller to rotate, the second stepping motor drives the straight gear to rotate, the rotation of the straight gear pushes the sliding plate to slide on the first supporting plate and the second supporting plate, the bottom of the second telescopic motor is arranged below the sliding plate, the second metal aluminum plate is arranged on a telescopic rod of the telescopic motor, the metal aluminum pipes are arranged below a second metal aluminum plate, a rubber ring is arranged below each metal aluminum pipe, fruits are prevented from being damaged when being sucked, when the fruits need to be grabbed and placed on a conveyor, a PLC controller controls a second stepping motor to rotate forwards, a sliding plate is moved to a fruit stacking position on the outer side of the conveyor, then the PLC controller controls the second telescopic motor to extend out of a telescopic rod to push the second metal aluminum plate to move downwards, so that the rubber ring is tightly attached to the fruits, then the PLC controller controls an air suction machine to suck air, the fruits are sucked onto the rubber rings under the action of pressure, then the PLC controller controls the second telescopic motor to contract the telescopic rod to lift the fruits, then the PLC controller controls the second stepping motor to rotate backwards, the sliding plate is moved above the conveyor, the PLC controller controls the second telescopic motor to extend out, the telescopic rod is stretched onto the conveyor, and the PLC controller controls the air suction machine to be closed, so that the air aspirator deflates to make the fruit drop onto the conveyor from the rubber ring, and the fruit is grabbed.
The rack is arranged at the top end of the second support plate, the straight gear penetrates through the sliding plate to be meshed with the rack, the second stepping motor drives the straight gear to rotate, and the straight gear rolls on the rack, so that the sliding plate can move above the second support plate.
The top end of the first supporting plate is provided with the sliding rail, so that the sliding plate can move above the first supporting plate conveniently.
The sliding plate is provided with a groove at one end, small rollers are arranged at two sides of the groove, the sliding plate can move more smoothly under the assistance of the small rollers when the groove is arranged on the first supporting plate, and a through hole is formed at the other end of the sliding plate, so that a straight gear can penetrate through the sliding plate to be meshed with the rack.
The air aspirator is connected with the metal aluminum pipe by the plastic pipe, and the air aspirator is connected in parallel, so that the air aspirator can absorb air in the metal aluminum pipe through the plastic pipe, and further suck fruits.
The fruit to be tested is conveyed to the sliding opening by the conveyor to slide into the first steel ring, is classified and sorted by the separator along with the rotation of the iron ring, is finally placed into the correspondingly classified sliding groove under the transportation of the second steel ring, and enters the carton box in the sliding groove to be boxed, so that the following beneficial effects can be achieved:
the fruit detection method disclosed by the invention has the advantages that the fruits are detected by combining diffuse reflection and diffuse transmission, the spectral information of the fruits is more comprehensively identified, the fruit absorption spectrum is introduced into the established fruit sugar and acidity prediction model to obtain the contents of the fruit sugar and the acidity, and then the fruits are classified according to the sizes of the fruits identified and detected by image identification.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of an automatic fruit sorting device based on diffuse reflection and diffuse transmission according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a sliding port of the automatic fruit sorting device based on diffuse reflection and diffuse transmission according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a movable frame of the automatic fruit sorting device based on diffuse reflection and diffuse transmission according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a first steel ring of the automatic fruit sorting device based on diffuse reflection and diffuse transmission according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a sorting machine of an automatic fruit sorting device based on diffuse reflection and diffuse transmission according to the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a bracket of an automatic fruit sorting device based on diffuse reflection and diffuse transmission according to the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the second red emitter of the automatic fruit sorting device based on diffuse reflection and diffuse transmission according to the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of the operation of an automatic fruit sorting device based on diffuse reflection and diffuse transmission according to the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a feeding machine of the automatic fruit sorting device based on diffuse reflection and diffuse transmission according to the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a rack installation diagram of an automatic fruit sorting device based on diffuse reflection and diffuse transmission according to the present invention;
FIG. 11 is a schematic structural diagram of a slide rail of an automatic fruit sorting device based on diffuse reflection and diffuse transmission according to the present invention;
FIG. 12 is a schematic view of the sliding plate of the automatic fruit sorting device based on diffuse reflection and diffuse transmission according to the present invention;
fig. 13 is a schematic installation diagram of plastic pipes of an automatic fruit sorting device based on diffuse reflection and diffuse transmission.
The main elements are indicated by symbols.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the following examples and drawings.
Referring to fig. 1 to 8, an automatic fruit sorting device based on diffuse reflection and diffuse transmission according to the present invention includes a conveyor 1, a chute 2, a first steel ring 3, a steel bar 4, an iron ring 5, a gear 6, a bracket 7, a second steel ring 8, a chute 9, a carton 10, a first stepping motor 11, a sorter 12, a PLC controller 13, a servo motor 14, and a support frame 15.
As shown in fig. 1, a sliding opening 2 is arranged at the right end of a conveyor 1, the conveyor 1 transports fruits to be detected to the sliding opening 2, the fruits enter a first steel ring 3 from the sliding opening 2, a servo motor 14 is arranged below an iron ring 5, a support frame 15 is arranged in the iron ring 5, the center of the support frame 15 is connected with a rotating shaft of the servo motor 14, a PLC controller 13 is arranged beside the servo motor 14, the servo motor 14 is controlled by the PLC controller 13 to rotate, so that the servo motor 14 drives the support frame 15 to rotate, and further drives the iron ring 5 to rotate, a plurality of steel bars 4 are arranged on the edge of the iron ring 5 at equal intervals, a first steel ring 3 is arranged on each steel bar 4 and used for transferring the fruits at the sliding opening 2, a sorting machine 12 is arranged on the right side of the iron ring 5, a first stepping motor 11 and a chute 9 are arranged on the right side of the sorting machine 12, a gear 6 is, the bracket 7 is connected between the second steel ring 8 and the gear 6, the PLC 13 controls the first stepping motor 11 to rotate, the first stepping motor 11 drives the gear 6 to rotate, the gear 6 drives the bracket 7 to rotate, and then drives the second steel ring 8 to rotate, a paper box 10 is arranged below each chute 9 in an inclined way, the servo motor 14 drives the iron ring 5 to rotate, the first steel ring 3 is moved to the lower part of the sliding opening 2, the sliding opening 2 slides the fruits transmitted by the conveyor 1 onto the first steel ring 3, the fruits to be detected are transferred into the sorting machine 12 along with the rotation of the servo motor 14, after being graded by the sorting machine 12, the first stepping motor 11 drives the second steel ring 8 to be transferred to the lower part of the first steel ring 3 in the sorting machine 12, the fruits detected in the first steel ring 3 are received, then the fruits continue to rotate, the fruits are transferred to the upper part of the chute 9, and the fruits are arranged on the corresponding chute 9 according to the grading type of the chute 9, slides into the carton 10 on the chute 9. The PLC controller 13 is respectively connected with the high-definition camera 36, the conveyor 1, the servo motor 14, the first stepping motor 11, the first telescopic motor 20, the first steering engine 24, the second steering engine 42 and the PC, the support frame 15 is connected in the iron ring 5 in a cross structure, the middle of the support frame is concave, the servo motor 14 is convenient to drive the support frame 15 to rotate, and then the iron ring 5 is driven to rotate.
The conveyer 1 adopts a conveyor belt transmission mode, namely a conveyor belt is arranged above the conveyer 1 to transmit the fruits.
As shown in fig. 2, the sliding opening 2 includes a first metal aluminum plate 16, a metal frame 17, a hinge 18, a movable frame 19, a first telescopic motor 20, and a first infrared receiver 21, the first telescopic motor 20 is connected with the PLC controller 13, the first infrared receiver 21 is connected with the PLC controller 13, two identical first metal aluminum plates 16 are installed in the metal frame 17, the first metal aluminum plate 16 is connected with the metal frame 17 through the hinge 18, the two first metal aluminum plates 16 are provided with the movable frame 19, a common end of the movable frame 19 is connected to a telescopic rod of the first telescopic motor 20, the PLC controller 13 controls the first telescopic motor 20 to stretch or compress the movable frame 19 to open and close the first metal aluminum plate 16, so as to control the apple to slide from the sliding opening 2 to the first steel ring 3, the first infrared receiver 21 is installed on the metal frame 17 for detecting whether the first steel ring 3 reaches below the sliding opening 2, when the first infrared receiver 21 receives the infrared light emitted from the first infrared emitter 26 on the first steel ring 3, it indicates that the first steel ring 3 reaches the lower part of the sliding opening 2, and at this time, the PLC controller 13 controls the first telescopic motor 20 to push the movable frame 19, so as to open the first metal aluminum plate 16, and the fruit slides onto the first steel ring 3.
As shown in fig. 3, the movable frame 19 includes metal aluminum strips 22 and bolts 23, four metal aluminum strips 22 are combined to form a V-shaped structure, two metal aluminum strips 22 are connected by bolts 23, and two metal aluminum strips 22 can be connected together by matching with corresponding nuts, wherein one end of two metal aluminum strips 22 is connected with the first metal aluminum plate 16, and the joint of the other two metal aluminum strips 22 is connected with the telescopic rod of the first telescopic motor 20.
As shown in fig. 4, the first steel ring 3 includes a first steering gear 24, a first half gear 25, a first infrared emitter 26, a steel bar 27, and a second half gear 28, the first steering gear 24 is installed on the steel bar 4, the first half gear 25 is installed on the rotating shaft of the first steering gear 24, the second half gear 28 is installed beside the first half gear 25, the first half gear 25 is meshed with the second half gear 28, two identical steel bars 27 are arranged on the first half gear 25 and the second half gear 28, the steel bar 27 is concave, the first infrared emitter 26 is installed on the steel bar 27, the PLC controller 13 is connected with the first steering gear 24, the PLC controller 13 controls the first steering gear 24 to rotate, and further drives the first half gear 25 to rotate, the first half gear 25 is driven by the second half gear 28, the first steering gear 24 moves the two forward rotating steel bars 27 toward the middle, so that the two steel bars 27 become a circular ring, when first steel ring 3 rotates 2 belows in landing hole, the infrared light that first infrared emitter 26 sent is received by first infrared receiver 21, PLC controller 13 just controls first flexible motor 20 and opens first metal aluminum plate 16, the fruit that will await measuring slides on first steel ring 3, when first steel ring 3 drives fruit and enters into sorter 12 and be detected finishing, PLC controller 13 controls first steering wheel 24 and reverses, make two reinforcing bars 27 separate, drop fruit in the second steel ring 8 from two reinforcing bars 27, second steel ring 8 is along with first step motor 11 will detect the fruit place correspond hierarchical spout 9 of volume, vanning again.
As shown in fig. 5, the sorting machine 12 includes a laser emitter 29, a convex lens 30, a first concave mirror 31, a first fiber probe 32, a reflective mirror 33, an optical fiber 34, a fiber spectrometer 35, a high-definition camera 36, a second concave mirror 37, a second fiber probe 38, a beam splitter 39, a plano-convex lens 40, the first fiber probe 32, the second fiber probe 38 and the fiber spectrometer 35 are connected through the optical fiber 34, the convex lens 30 is installed between the laser emitter 29 and the plano-convex lens 40, the beam splitter 39 is installed below the plano-convex lens 40, the reflective mirror 33 is installed on the beam splitter 39 in the horizontal direction, the first concave mirror 31 and the second concave mirror 37 are installed in opposite, the first fiber probe 32 is installed below the first concave mirror 31, the second fiber probe 38 is installed below the second concave mirror 37, the high-definition camera 36 is installed below the reflective mirror 33, the camera 36 is connected with the PLC controller 13, the high-definition camera 36 is used for detecting the size of the fruit, when the servo motor 14 rotates the fruit on the first steel ring 3 into the sorting machine 12, the laser beam emitted by the laser emitter 29 is expanded by the convex lens 30, and is collimated by the plano-convex lens 40, the laser beam is divided into two paths of light rays by the beam splitter 39, wherein one path of light ray directly irradiates the fruit to be detected after passing through the beam splitter 39, the other path of light ray reflects onto the fruit by the reflector 33, the two paths of laser light irradiating onto the fruit are subjected to diffuse reflection and diffuse transmission in the fruit, the light ray after the diffuse reflection reflects into the first concave mirror 31 and is converged into the first optical fiber probe 32 in the first concave mirror 31, the first optical fiber probe 32 transmits the received light to the optical fiber spectrometer 35 for analysis by the optical fiber 34, the light ray after the diffuse transmission reflects into the second concave mirror 37 and is converged into the second optical fiber probe 38 in the second concave mirror 37, the second optical fiber probe 38 transmits the received light to the optical fiber spectrometer 35 through the optical fiber 34 for analysis, the optical fiber spectrometer 35 transmits the analyzed result to the PC end, the fruit absorption spectrum is guided into the established fruit sugar and acidity prediction model at the PC end to obtain the fruit sugar and acidity content, the fruit image collected by the high-definition camera 36 is transmitted to the PLC controller 13 and then transmitted to the PC end for image recognition, the size of the fruit is recognized, the PC end divides the fruit grade according to the size, sugar and acidity of the fruit in a segmented manner, the PC end feeds the classified information back to the PLC controller 13, and the PLC controller 13 controls the first stepping motor 11 to drive the second steel ring 8 to place the sorted fruit into the corresponding chute 9. The wavelength range of the laser beam emitted by the laser emitter 29 is 350-1150 nm, and the laser beam emitted by the laser emitter 29 is divided into two laser beams by the spectroscope 39, so that the two laser beams can ensure the same frequency, and the fiber spectrometer 35 can conveniently analyze the received spectrum.
As shown in fig. 6, the bracket 7 includes a first metal aluminum strip 41, a second steering engine 42, a second metal aluminum strip 43, and a second infrared receiver 44, the second steering engine 42 is connected to the PLC controller 13, the first metal aluminum strip 41 is installed between the second steering engine 42 and the gear 6, the second metal aluminum strip 43 is installed between the rotating shaft of the second steering engine 42 and the second steel ring 8, the second infrared receiver 44 is installed below the second metal aluminum strip 43, when the PLC controller 13 controls the first stepping motor 11 to rotate the bracket 7 above the corresponding grading chute 9, the PLC controller 13 controls the second steering engine 42 to rotate forward, so that the second metal aluminum strip 43 rotates obliquely downward, the fruits in the second steel ring 8 are transferred into the grading chute 9, the fruits in the chute 9 slide into the carton 10 for boxing, and the second steel ring 8 rotates above the corresponding grading chute 9, the second infrared receiver 44 receives infrared light emitted by the infrared emitter on the corresponding chute 9, at this moment, the PLC 13 controls the second steering engine 42 to rotate positively to place the classified fruits on the second steel ring 8 into the chute 9, then the PLC 13 controls the second steering engine 42 to rotate reversely to withdraw the second steel ring 8 to the previous horizontal position to wait for the next fruit transfer, and the second steel ring 8 is welded into a circle by the steel bars 27 to facilitate the transfer of the detected fruits.
As shown in fig. 7, the number of the chutes 9 is determined according to the number of grades required by a user, one chute 9 is set for each grade, a second red emitter 45 is arranged obliquely above each chute 9, the second infrared emitter is connected with the PLC controller 13, after fruits are graded at the PC end, information is fed back to the PLC controller 13, the PLC controller 13 controls the second red emitters 45 on the corresponding grading chutes 9 to emit infrared light, the second red emitters 45 on other grading chutes 9 do not emit infrared light, and when the second infrared receiver 44 receives infrared light, it indicates that the fruits should be placed in the chute 9 at the position.
The inner circle of first steel ring 3 and second steel ring 8 on install sponge or rubber ring for do the buffering to the fruit of whereabouts, prevent that fruit from sliding the fruit damage in first steel ring 3 at landing hole 2, and prevent that first steel ring 3 from placing the fruit damage in second steel ring 8.
As shown in fig. 9, a feeding machine is further arranged beside the conveyor and used for grabbing and placing fruits onto a conveyor belt of the conveyor, wherein the feeding machine comprises a first supporting plate 46, a sliding plate 47, a second telescopic motor 48, an air suction machine 49, a second stepping motor 50, a spur gear 51, a second supporting plate 52, a second metal aluminum plate 53, a metal aluminum pipe 54 and a rubber ring 55, the first supporting plate 46 and the second supporting plate 52 are installed on the conveyor, the sliding plate 47 is installed at the top end of the first supporting plate 46 and the top end of the second supporting plate 52, the air suction machine 49 and the second stepping motor 50 are installed above the sliding plate 47, a spur gear 51 is installed on a rotating shaft of the second stepping motor 50, the second stepping motor 50 is controlled by the PLC controller 13 to rotate, the spur gear 51 is driven by the second stepping motor 50 to rotate, the rotation of the spur gear 51 pushes the sliding plate 47 to slide on the first supporting plate 46 and the second supporting plate 52, the bottom of the second telescopic motor 48 is arranged below the sliding plate 47, the second metal aluminum plate 53 is arranged on a telescopic rod of the telescopic motor, the metal aluminum pipes 54 are arranged below the second metal aluminum plates 53, a rubber ring 55 is arranged below each metal aluminum pipe 54 to prevent fruits from being damaged when being sucked, when the fruits need to be grabbed and placed on the conveyor, the PLC 13 controls the second stepping motor 50 to rotate forwards, the sliding plate 47 is moved to a fruit stacking position outside the conveyor, then the PLC 13 controls the second telescopic motor 48 to extend out of the telescopic rod to push the second metal aluminum plate 53 to move downwards, so that the rubber ring 55 is tightly attached to the fruits, then the PLC 13 controls the air suction machine 49 to suck the fruits on the rubber ring 55 under the action of pressure, then the PLC 13 controls the second telescopic motor 48 to contract the telescopic rod to lift the fruits, and then the PLC 13 controls the second stepping motor 50 to rotate backwards, the sliding plate 47 is moved above the conveyor, the PLC 13 controls the second telescopic motor 48 to extend out of the telescopic rod and extend to the conveyor, the PLC 13 controls the air suction machine 49 to be closed, so that the air suction machine 49 is deflated, fruits fall onto the conveyor from the rubber ring 55, and grabbing of the fruits is completed.
As shown in fig. 10, a rack gear 56 is provided at the top end of the second support plate 52, the spur gear 51 passes through the sliding plate 47 to be engaged with the rack gear 56, the second stepping motor 50 rotates the spur gear 51, the spur gear 51 rolls on the rack gear 56, and the sliding plate 47 moves above the second support plate 52.
As shown in fig. 11, the top end of the first support plate 46 is provided with a slide rail 57 for facilitating the sliding plate 47 to move above the first support plate 46.
As shown in fig. 12, one end of the sliding plate 47 is provided with a groove 58, two sides of the groove 58 are provided with small rollers 59, when the groove 58 is right on the first support plate 46, the sliding plate 47 can move more smoothly with the aid of the small rollers 59, and the other end of the sliding plate 47 is provided with a through hole 60, so that the spur gear 51 can pass through the sliding plate 47 to be meshed with the rack 56.
As shown in figure 13, the air aspirator 49 is connected with the metal aluminum tube 54 by a plastic tube 61 and is in parallel connection, so that the air aspirator 49 can suck air in the metal aluminum tube 54 through the plastic tube 61, and further suck up fruits.
The working principle and the working process of the invention are as follows:
as shown in fig. 8, the PLC controller 13 controls the second stepping motor 50 to rotate forward, the sliding plate 47 is moved to the fruit stacking position outside the conveyor, then the PLC controller 13 controls the second telescopic motor 48 to extend out of the telescopic rod, the second aluminum metal plate 53 is pushed to move downward, so that the rubber ring 55 is tightly attached to the fruit, then the PLC controller 13 controls the air suction machine 49 to suck air, the fruit is sucked on the rubber ring 55 under the action of pressure, then the PLC controller 13 controls the second telescopic motor 48 to contract the telescopic rod, so as to lift the fruit, then the PLC controller 13 controls the second stepping motor 50 to rotate backward, the sliding plate 47 is moved to the upper part of the conveyor, the PLC controller 13 controls the second telescopic motor 48 to extend out of the telescopic rod, so as to extend over the conveyor, the PLC controller 13 controls the air suction machine 49 to close, so that the air suction machine 49 deflates, and the fruit drops from the rubber ring 55 to the conveyor, the PLC controller 13 controls the conveyor 1 to transmit the fruit to be measured to the sliding opening 2, then controls the servo motor 14 to rotate, rotates the first steel ring 3 to the position below the sliding opening 2, when the first infrared receiver 21 receives the infrared light emitted by the first infrared emitter 26 on the first steel ring 3, the collected information is transmitted to the PLC controller 13, which indicates that the first steel ring 3 reaches the position below the sliding opening 2, at the moment, the PLC controller 13 controls the first telescopic motor 20 to push the movable frame 19, the first metal aluminum plate 16 is opened, the fruit slides onto the first steel ring 3, the PLC controller 13 controls the servo motor 14 to continue rotating, the fruit to be measured on the first steel ring 3 is transferred to the fruit sorting machine 12, the laser beam emitted by the laser emitter 29 is expanded through the convex lens 30, is collimated through the plano-convex lens 40, the laser beam is divided into two paths of light through the spectroscope 39, wherein one path of the light directly irradiates the fruit to be measured after passing through the spectroscope 39, the other path of light is reflected to the fruit by a reflector 33, two paths of laser irradiated on the fruit are subjected to diffuse reflection and diffuse transmission in the fruit, the light subjected to diffuse reflection is reflected to a first concave mirror 31 and is collected in the first concave mirror 31 to a first optical fiber probe 32, the first optical fiber probe 32 transmits the received light to an optical fiber spectrometer 35 for analysis through an optical fiber 34, the light subjected to diffuse transmission is reflected to a second concave mirror 37 and is collected in a second optical fiber probe 38 in the second concave mirror 37, the second optical fiber probe 38 transmits the received light to the optical fiber spectrometer 35 for analysis through the optical fiber 34, the optical fiber spectrometer 35 transmits the analyzed result to a PC end, the fruit absorption spectrum is guided into the established fruit sugar and acidity prediction model at the PC end to obtain the contents of the fruit sugar and acidity, and then the image of the fruit collected by a camera 36 is transmitted to the PLC 13, then the fruit is transmitted to a PC machine end for image recognition, the size of the fruit is recognized, the PC machine end divides the fruit grade according to the size, sugar and acidity of the fruit in sections, the PC machine end feeds the classified information back to a PLC controller 13, the PLC controller 13 controls a first stepping motor 11 to drive a second steel ring 8 to rotate to the lower part of a first steel ring 3, the PLC controller 13 controls a first steering engine 24 to rotate reversely to separate two steel bars 27, the fruit falls into the second steel ring 8 from the two steel bars 27, when the second steel ring 8 rotates to the upper part of a corresponding grading sliding groove 9, a second infrared receiver 44 receives infrared light emitted by an infrared emitter on the corresponding sliding groove 9, at the moment, the PLC controller 13 controls a second steering engine 42 to rotate forwardly to place the fruit graded by the second steel ring 8 into the sliding groove 9, then the PLC controller 13 controls the second steering engine 42 to rotate reversely to withdraw the second steel ring 8 to the previous horizontal position, waiting for the transportation of next fruit, second steel ring 8 adopts reinforcing bar 27 to weld into circularly, is convenient for transport the fruit after detecting.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a fruit automatic separation device based on diffuse reflection and diffuse transmission which characterized in that: comprises a conveyor, a sliding opening, a first steel ring, steel bars, an iron ring, a gear, a bracket, a second steel ring, a sliding chute, a carton, a first stepping motor, a sorting machine, a PLC controller, a servo motor and a support frame, wherein the right end of the conveyor is provided with the sliding opening, the conveyor transports fruits to be detected to the sliding opening, the fruits to be detected enter the first steel ring from the sliding opening, the servo motor is arranged below the iron ring, the support frame is arranged in the iron ring, the center of the support frame is connected with the rotating shaft of the servo motor, the PLC controller is arranged beside the servo motor, the servo motor is controlled by the PLC controller to rotate, so that the servo motor drives the support frame to rotate, and further drives the iron ring to rotate, a plurality of steel bars are arranged on the edge of the iron ring at equal intervals, the first steel ring is arranged on each steel bar and used for transferring the fruits at the sliding opening, the sorting machine is arranged on the, the sorting machine comprises a laser emitter, a convex lens, a first concave mirror, a first optical fiber probe, a reflector, an optical fiber spectrometer, a high-definition camera, a second concave mirror, a second optical fiber probe, a spectroscope and a plano-convex lens, wherein the first optical fiber probe, the second optical fiber probe and the optical fiber spectrometer are connected through optical fibers, the convex lens is arranged between the laser emitter and the plano-convex lens, the spectroscope is arranged below the plano-convex lens, the reflector is arranged on the horizontal direction of the spectroscope, the first concave mirror and the second concave mirror are arranged opposite to each other, the first optical fiber probe is arranged below the first concave mirror, the second optical fiber probe is arranged below the second concave mirror, the high-definition camera is arranged below the reflector, and is used for detecting the size of high-definition fruit, when a servo motor rotates fruits on a first steel ring into a sorting machine, a laser beam emitted by a laser emitter is expanded through a convex lens, the expanded laser beam is collimated through a plano-convex lens, the laser beam is divided into two paths of light rays through a spectroscope, one path of light ray directly irradiates the fruits to be detected after passing through the spectroscope, the other path of light ray is reflected to the fruits through a reflector, the two paths of laser irradiating the fruits are subjected to diffuse reflection and diffuse transmission in the fruits, the light rays after diffuse reflection are reflected to a first concave mirror, the light rays after diffuse reflection are converged to a first optical fiber probe in the first concave mirror, the first optical fiber probe transmits the received light to an optical fiber spectrometer through an optical fiber for analysis, the light rays after diffuse transmission are reflected to a second concave mirror and converged to a second optical fiber probe in the second concave mirror, and the second optical fiber probe transmits the received light to the optical fiber spectrometer for analysis through the optical fiber, the optical fiber spectrometer transmits the analyzed result to a PC (personal computer) end, fruit absorption spectra are guided into the established fruit sugar and acidity prediction model at the PC end to obtain the fruit sugar and acidity content, then images of fruits collected by a high-definition camera are transmitted to a PLC (programmable logic controller), and then the images are transmitted to the PC end to be subjected to image recognition, so that the size of the fruits is recognized, the PC end divides the fruit grade according to the size of the fruits, the sugar and the acidity, the PC end feeds the classified information back to the PLC, and the PLC controls a first step motor to drive a second steel ring to place the sorted fruits into corresponding sliding grooves.
2. The fruit sorting device based on diffuse reflection and diffuse transmission according to claim 1, wherein: the first stepping motor is controlled by the PLC to rotate, the first stepping motor drives the gear to rotate, the gear drives the support to rotate, the second steel ring is driven to rotate, a carton is placed below each inclined sliding groove, the servo motor drives the iron ring to rotate, the first steel ring is moved to the position below the sliding opening, the sliding opening slides fruits transmitted by the conveyor onto the first steel ring, the fruits to be detected are transferred into the sorting machine along with the rotation of the servo motor, after the sorting machine is classified, the first stepping motor drives the second steel ring to be transferred to the position below the first steel ring in the sorting machine, the detected fruits in the first steel ring are received, the fruits continue to rotate, the fruits are transferred to the positions above the sliding grooves, the fruits are placed on the corresponding sliding grooves according to the classification types of the sliding grooves, and the fruits slide into the carton on the sliding grooves.
3. The fruit sorting device based on diffuse reflection and diffuse transmission according to claim 2, wherein: the landing mouth includes first metallic aluminum plate, the metal frame, the hinge, the adjustable shelf, first flexible motor, first infrared receiver, adopt two the same first metallic aluminum plate installation metal frames, adopt hinge connection between first metallic aluminum plate and the metal frame, be equipped with the adjustable shelf on two first metallic aluminum plate, and the common end of adjustable shelf connects on the telescopic link of first flexible motor, realize opening and shutting first metallic aluminum plate by the tensile or compression adjustable shelf of the first flexible motor of PLC controller control, and then control the apple and slide to first steel ring from the landing mouth, first infrared receiver installs on the metal frame edge, whether be used for detecting first steel ring reachs landing mouth below.
4. The fruit sorting device based on diffuse reflection and diffuse transmission according to claim 3, wherein: the adjustable shelf comprises metal aluminum and bolts, a V-shaped structure is formed by combining four metal aluminum strips, the two metal aluminum strips are connected through bolts, corresponding nuts are matched again to connect the two metal aluminum strips together, one ends of the two metal aluminum strips are connected with the first metal aluminum plate, and the joint of the other two metal aluminum strips is connected with the telescopic rod of the first telescopic motor.
5. The fruit sorting device based on diffuse reflection and diffuse transmission of claim 4, wherein: the first steel ring comprises a first steering engine, a first half gear, a first infrared emitter, a reinforcing steel bar and a second half gear, the first steering engine is arranged on the steel bar, the first half gear is arranged on a rotating shaft of the first steering engine, the second half gear is arranged beside the first half gear, the first half gear is meshed with the second half gear, two identical reinforcing steel bars are arranged on the first half gear and the second half gear, the reinforcing steel bars are arranged in a concave shape, the first infrared emitter is arranged on the reinforcing steel bars, the PLC controller controls the first steering engine to rotate so as to drive the first half gear to rotate, the first half gear is in transmission with the second half gear, the first steering engine rotates forwards to move the two reinforcing steel bars towards the middle, the two reinforcing steel bars form a circular ring, when the first steel ring rotates to the lower part of the sliding port, infrared light emitted by the first infrared emitter is received by the first infrared receiver, the PLC controller controls the first telescopic motor to open the first metal aluminum plate, the fruit to be measured slides to the first steel ring, and when the first steel ring drives the fruit to enter the sorting machine and is detected to be finished, the PLC controller controls the first steering engine to rotate reversely, so that the two steel bars are separated, and the fruit drops into the second steel ring from the two steel bars.
6. The fruit sorting device based on diffuse reflection and diffuse transmission according to claim 5, wherein: the support includes first metal aluminium strip, the second steering wheel, the second metal aluminium strip, the second steel ring, second infrared receiver, first metal aluminium strip is installed between second steering wheel and gear, the second metal aluminium strip is installed between the axis of rotation of second steering wheel and the second steel ring, second infrared receiver installs in second metal aluminium strip below, when PLC controller control first step motor rotated the support to corresponding hierarchical spout top, PLC controller control second steering wheel corotation makes the second metal aluminium strip rotate to the slant, forward the fruit in the second steel ring in the hierarchical spout, slide in the spout and pack in the carton.
7. The fruit sorting device based on diffuse reflection and diffuse transmission of claim 6, wherein: the number of the chutes is determined according to the grading number of the user's needs, a chute is set for each grade, a second red emitter is arranged above each chute in an inclined mode, the second infrared emitter is connected with the PLC, after fruits are graded at the end of the PC, information is fed back to the PLC, the PLC controls the second red emitters on the corresponding grading chutes to emit infrared light, the second red emitters on other grading chutes do not emit infrared light, and when the second infrared receiver receives the infrared light, the fact that the fruits are to be placed in the chutes at the positions is indicated.
8. The fruit sorting device based on diffuse reflection and diffuse transmission according to claim 1, wherein: the fruit picking and placing device is characterized in that a feeding machine is further arranged beside the conveyor and used for picking and placing fruits onto a conveyor belt of the conveyor, the feeding machine comprises a first supporting plate, a sliding plate, a second telescopic motor, an air suction machine, a second stepping motor, a straight gear, a second supporting plate, a second metal aluminum plate, a metal aluminum pipe and a rubber ring, the first supporting plate and the second supporting plate are installed on the conveyor, the sliding plate is installed at the top ends of the first supporting plate and the second supporting plate, the air suction machine and the second stepping motor are installed above the sliding plate, the straight gear is installed on a rotating shaft of the second stepping motor, the second stepping motor is controlled by a PLC (programmable logic controller) to rotate, the second stepping motor drives the straight gear to rotate, the sliding plate is pushed to slide on the first supporting plate and the second supporting plate by the rotation of the straight gear, the bottom of the second telescopic motor is installed below the sliding plate, the metal aluminum pipe is arranged below the second metal aluminum plate, and a rubber ring is arranged below each metal aluminum pipe.
9. The fruit sorting device based on diffuse reflection and diffuse transmission according to claim 8, wherein: the top end of the second supporting plate is provided with a rack, the straight gear penetrates through the sliding plate to be meshed with the rack, the second stepping motor drives the straight gear to rotate, and the straight gear rolls on the rack, so that the sliding plate can move above the second supporting plate.
10. The fruit sorting device based on diffuse reflection and diffuse transmission according to claim 9, wherein: one end of the sliding plate is provided with a groove, small idler wheels are arranged on two sides of the groove, and the other end of the sliding plate is provided with a through hole, so that a straight gear can conveniently penetrate through the sliding plate to be meshed with the rack.
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| CN202010013284.3A CN111097718A (en) | 2020-01-07 | 2020-01-07 | Fruit automatic separation device based on diffuse reflection and diffuse transmission |
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| CN202010013284.3A CN111097718A (en) | 2020-01-07 | 2020-01-07 | Fruit automatic separation device based on diffuse reflection and diffuse transmission |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN112772147A (en) * | 2021-01-26 | 2021-05-11 | 攀枝花学院 | Fruit picking and sorting all-in-one machine |
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