CN111063190A - Pre-control method and system for oversaturated passenger flow of urban rail transit station platform - Google Patents

Pre-control method and system for oversaturated passenger flow of urban rail transit station platform Download PDF

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CN111063190A
CN111063190A CN201911259685.0A CN201911259685A CN111063190A CN 111063190 A CN111063190 A CN 111063190A CN 201911259685 A CN201911259685 A CN 201911259685A CN 111063190 A CN111063190 A CN 111063190A
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CN111063190B (en
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孙立山
张桐
许琰
邵娟
袁广
曹敬浛
宋咏昌
陈颖达
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Beijing University of Technology
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Abstract

The utility model provides a pre-control method and a system for oversaturated passenger flow at a platform of an urban rail transit station, which are used for acquiring parameters of hardware facilities, train information and passenger flow service of a station hall of the rail transit station; extracting passenger flow data in real time, pre-judging the oversaturation state of the platform, and if the passenger flow of the platform is judged to be about to reach the oversaturation state, starting a corresponding signal device distributed on a station hall layer to control the passenger flow of the station hall layer; determining the minimum arrival rate of the passenger flow of the platform according to the acquired parameter information, further determining the maximum release time required by the remaining containable passenger flow of the release platform, and setting the signal starting time of the signal device for forbidding the signal; setting corresponding opening time of a release signal on the premise that the flow rate of the passenger flow leaving each train does not exceed the passage capacity limit according to the acquired parameter information; and forming a timing scheme according to the set forbidding signal starting time and the set releasing signal starting time, and controlling the work of the signal device. The passenger flow congestion can be effectively reduced.

Description

Pre-control method and system for oversaturated passenger flow of urban rail transit station platform
Technical Field
The disclosure belongs to the technical field of urban rail transit passenger flow control, and particularly relates to a pre-control method and system for oversaturated passenger flow of a station platform of an urban rail transit.
Background
The statements in this section merely provide background information related to the present disclosure and may not necessarily constitute prior art.
With the rapid development of urban economy, the demand of residents on trips is greatly increased. Urban rail transit has the outstanding advantages of large traffic volume, rapidness, punctuality, safety, convenience, environmental protection and the like, and becomes a preferred traffic mode for increasing traffic supply in each large city. Meanwhile, the safe and efficient operation of urban rail transit is also an important goal in the development of public transportation.
Due to the fact that the travel demands of a plurality of cities in the commuting peak period are large, the highly saturated passenger gathering state is prone to occurring in the rail transit station, the travel demands far exceed the supply capacity, and challenges are brought to operation management work. Particularly, in the platform area of the station, because the area is small, personnel flow frequently, and the passenger flow is unevenly distributed in front of the station door, if the unbalanced and supersaturated passenger flow cannot be controlled in advance in time, the large-area passenger flow congestion and the insufficient utilization of part of the platform door area are easily caused, so that the passenger trip efficiency is influenced, and the trip safety is threatened. Therefore, how to utilize some effective control measures to avoid the supersaturation of passenger flow in the rail transit station area in advance and balance the waiting passenger flow of the station becomes the key for realizing the safe and efficient operation of each large-city rail transit station.
In the prior research, there have been some research results on rail transit passenger flow control. However, according to the inventor's knowledge, some of these schemes control the traffic entering the station by means of off-station regulation measures, but for the station with extremely large traffic at peak time and extremely difficult to regulate, the control effect is very small, and the station hall and the platform area are still very congested. The other part is that reasonable waiting positions are provided for passengers by acquiring the information of the starting and finishing stations for passengers to go out, and the balanced distribution of waiting passengers is realized. However, the guidance information is only displayed on an information panel or other electronic devices, so that passengers abandon the search due to the complicated search of the carriage position, and the passenger flow OD data is only analyzed, so that the passenger flow distribution condition of the platform cannot be monitored in real time, and further the efficient and balanced guidance of the passenger flow under the oversaturated state of the platform cannot be realized.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems and provides a pre-control method and a pre-control system for oversaturated passenger flow of a platform of an urban rail transit station.
According to some embodiments, the following technical scheme is adopted in the disclosure:
a pre-control method for oversaturated passenger flow at a platform of an urban rail transit station comprises the following steps:
acquiring hardware facility parameters, train information parameters and passenger flow service parameters of a station hall of a rail transit station;
extracting passenger flow data in real time, pre-judging the oversaturation state of the platform, and if the passenger flow of the platform is judged to be about to reach the oversaturation state, starting a corresponding signal device distributed on a station hall layer to control the passenger flow of the station hall layer;
determining the minimum arrival rate of the passenger flow of the platform according to the acquired parameter information, further determining the maximum release time required by the remaining containable passenger flow of the release platform, and setting the signal starting time of the signal device for forbidding the signal;
setting corresponding opening time of a release signal on the premise that the flow rate of the passenger flow leaving each train does not exceed the passage capacity limit according to the acquired parameter information;
and forming a timing scheme according to the set forbidding signal starting time and the set releasing signal starting time, and controlling the work of the signal device.
As a further limitation, the acquired parameter information specifically includes the number, design size and facility position of station halls, platforms, channels, various facilities of the target urban rail transit station; train schedule data; the minimum and maximum distances from the signal device position to the platform waiting position for passengers walking on each channel; the number of passengers getting off each train, the remaining passenger flow staying at the platform after leaving the station and the remaining passenger capacity of each train carriage; selecting the passenger flow of each station hall layer and station layer channel of the station; the average service rate of the automatic gate and the average arrival rate of passengers arriving at the station in each time period of the station; and the departure time of passengers in the train after each train arrives at the station.
As a further limitation, the signaling device comprises a signal controller, a lamp post and a lamp group, wherein the lamp group can at least display different signals to represent prohibition and release respectively; the signal controller is connected with the cameras respectively arranged on the station hall layer and the station layer.
By way of further limitation, the signaling device timing scheme is dynamically adjusted in conjunction with the video information of the station floor and the lobby floor before the timing scheme is finally determined.
As a further limitation, the specific steps of extracting the passenger flow data in real time include: extracting in real time based on the video identification data of the platform and the passenger flow data of the automatic ticket checking system;
if the total passenger flow of the platform does not reach the threshold value of the passenger flow capacity of the platform in the cycle of the vehicle, the signal device is not started; if the passenger flow detection module detects that the total passenger flow of the platform can exceed the passenger flow capacity of the platform in the current cycle, the signal device is started to control the passenger flow of the station hall layer.
By way of further limitation, the station unsaturated state, saturated state and oversaturation state prediction process comprises:
unsaturated and saturated states:
Figure BDA0002311274910000041
supersaturation state:
Figure BDA0002311274910000042
in the formula: t is the time interval between the time when the ith-1 train leaves the urban rail transit station k and the time when the ith train leaves the station, the time interval t is set as the first train-time period, and the train-time period corresponding to the i-2 trains and the i-1 train is t-1;
Figure BDA0002311274910000043
the remaining passenger flow rate of the urban rail transit station k staying at the platform after the passengers get on the train at the time interval t-1;
Figure BDA0002311274910000044
the passenger flow of the urban rail transit station k for getting off within the time interval t;
Figure BDA0002311274910000045
the method comprises the following steps that (1) passenger flow of an ith train is planned to pass through an automatic fare collection system for an urban rail transit station k within a time interval t;
Pk,maxthe maximum value of the passenger flow capacity can be accommodated in a k platform of the urban rail transit station;
the platform can hold the maximum passenger flow Pk,maxObtained by the following formula:
Pk,max＝Sk(∑ωjαj)·ρk·β
in the formula: skThe reachable area of the k platform of the urban rail transit station is obtained;
ωjthe passenger availability factor of the jth class space area of the platform is different, and the passenger waiting availability ratio of different platform areas is different, for example, the stair opening, the upright post and the platform facility all influence the passenger to select the waiting position;
αjthe area ratio of the j-th space region of the platform;
ρkthe passenger flow density of the saturated state of the k platform of the urban rail transit station is rated according to the pedestrian crowding level rating standard of the waiting area of the urban rail transit platform, and the passenger flow density is equal to the set people/m2Meanwhile, the platform passenger flow is in a saturated state;
β is the unbalanced coefficient of the passenger flow distribution of the platform.
As a further step, determining the time for opening the forbidden signal, firstly comparing the average arrival rate of passengers entering the station, the average service rate of entrance gates and the maximum passing rate of the channels between the station hall layer and the station layer, determining the minimum arrival rate of passenger flow at the station, and further determining the maximum release time required by the residual containable passenger flow of the release station, namely the time difference between the opening time of the forbidden signal in the first train period and the departure time of the i-1 th train;
meanwhile, the released passenger flow in the corresponding time period also needs to meet the constraint of the carriage accommodation capacity, namely the released passenger flow cannot exceed the maximum passenger flow which can be accommodated by the train carriage.
As a further limitation, the train operation stage at which the prohibition signal is turned on needs to be judged, and then whether the prohibition signal is turned on is determined, and the specific process includes:
if it is
Figure BDA0002311274910000051
The supersaturation passenger flow is limited without starting a forbidden signal within the time interval t;
if it is
Figure BDA0002311274910000052
A forbidden signal needs to be started to limit the oversaturated passenger flow in the time interval t;
in the formula, Tk,g,minThe minimum passing time of passengers waiting for the bus door from the station hall layer signal device to the station layer for the urban rail transit station k is obtained;
ΔTi,k,othe time difference between the i-1 th train departure time and the i-th train arrival time of the urban rail transit station k is obtained;
Ti,k,dfor the ith train arrival train carriage of the urban rail transit station kTotal alighting time of the interior passengers.
As a further limitation, the process of determining the release signal includes the steps of firstly detecting the getting-off passenger flow of the i train, judging whether the getting-off passenger flow of the carriage is influenced by the release passenger flow of the station hall layer under the limitation of the passage capacity, and if the total passenger flow rate is judged to exceed the limitation of the passage capacity, not releasing the station hall layer passenger flow when the getting-off passenger flow of the carriage is larger; and if the total passenger flow rate does not exceed the passage capacity limit, the station hall layer passenger flow is carried out under the condition of ensuring that the passenger flow of getting off the carriage is not influenced.
As a further limitation, when the flow rate of the getting-off passenger flow of a certain channel of the station hall layer and the station platform layer is larger than the limit passenger flow rate of the channel under the condition of releasing the passenger flow of the station hall layer, after determining that the getting-off passenger flow rate of the ith train does not meet the condition of releasing the passenger flow of the station hall layer, continuously identifying the flow rate state of the getting-off passenger flow at the channel port of the station platform by using a video identification device, and further determining the moment of starting the releasing signal of the signal device; if the duration time of the high flow rate state of the passenger flow at the entrance of the passage exceeds the stop time of the train, starting a release signal after the high flow rate state is finished; if the flow rate of the passenger flow leaving the passage opening is reduced to a value that can turn on the release signal before the train leaves the station, whether the release passenger flow influences the process of getting on and off the train of the platform passengers at the moment is considered.
As a further limitation, when the flow rate of getting-off passenger flow in a certain channel of the station hall layer and the station layer is smaller than the limit passenger flow rate of the channel under the condition of releasing passenger flow in the station hall layer, after the flow rate of getting-off passenger flow of the ith train is determined to meet the condition of releasing passenger flow in the station hall layer, a releasing signal is started before the ith train leaves the station, and the ith train leaves the station when passengers arrive at the station.
A pre-control system for oversaturated passenger flow at a station platform of urban rail transit comprises a processor and a plurality of signal devices, wherein the signal devices are distributed at each station hall layer and can at least display different signals respectively representing forbidding and releasing;
the processor is connected with each signal device and is configured to acquire hardware facility parameters, train information parameters and passenger flow service parameters of a station hall of the rail transit station;
extracting passenger flow data in real time, pre-judging the oversaturation state of the platform, and if the passenger flow of the platform is judged to be about to reach the oversaturation state, starting a corresponding signal device to control the passenger flow of a station hall layer;
determining the minimum arrival rate of the passenger flow of the platform according to the acquired parameter information, further determining the maximum release time required by the remaining containable passenger flow of the release platform, and setting the signal starting time of the signal device for forbidding the signal;
setting corresponding opening time of a release signal on the premise that the flow rate of the passenger flow leaving each train does not exceed the passage capacity limit according to the acquired parameter information;
and forming a timing scheme according to the set forbidding signal starting time and the set releasing signal starting time, and controlling the work of the signal device.
Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effect of this disclosure is:
1) the method determines the opening time of a forbidden signal and a release signal of a signal device by taking the urban road traffic signal control theory as reference and comprehensively considering various influence factors and constraint conditions, and further reasonably and efficiently distributes space-time resources of station halls and stations;
2) the signal device is arranged at the passage opening leading to the station layer at the station hall layer, and the signal control method is combined, so that passenger flow is reasonably controlled to queue at the passage opening of the station hall, orderly enter the station according to signal indication, on the basis of ensuring that passengers can reach the station before a train arrives and fully utilize the passenger carrying capacity of the train, through a reasonable signal timing scheme, the passenger flow in a peak period is prevented from being highly concentrated at the station, the large-area congestion of the station and the supersaturation of the passenger carrying capacity of the train are avoided, part of passengers are limited in the station hall which is relatively open, and the safety and high efficiency of waiting and getting on and off of the passengers are ensured.
3) The platform passenger flow volume data is identified and processed in real time through the video device, the passenger flow volume of each station hall layer and each station layer channel is dynamically regulated and controlled, and the balanced distribution of passengers in a waiting area of the station can be ensured.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the disclosure, illustrate embodiments of the disclosure and together with the description serve to explain the disclosure and are not to limit the disclosure.
Fig. 1 is a flow chart of a method for controlling oversaturation passenger flow at a platform.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of arrangement positions of the station hall layer, the station layer signal device and the camera.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram illustrating the determination of the turn-on time of the disable signal.
Fig. 4 is a diagram illustrating the necessity determination of the disable signal activation.
Fig. 5-8 are schematic diagrams illustrating the determination of the release signal on time.
Fig. 9 is a signal timing coordination diagram based on real-time video recognition results.
The system comprises a station hall layer signal device 1, a station hall layer camera 2, a station platform layer camera 3, a station platform layer camera 4 and a station platform layer camera 5.
The specific implementation mode is as follows:
the present disclosure is further described with reference to the following drawings and examples.
It should be noted that the following detailed description is exemplary and is intended to provide further explanation of the disclosure. Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this disclosure belongs.
It is noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of example embodiments according to the present disclosure. As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an" and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, and it should be understood that when the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising" are used in this specification, they specify the presence of stated features, steps, operations, devices, components, and/or combinations thereof, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.
Before describing the embodiments of the present disclosure, certain assumed conditions are set to facilitate the detailed description of the present disclosure.
(1) The passenger flow control method can control the bidirectional trains at the platform at the same time, and the control methods of the passenger flows in all directions are the same, so the passenger flow control method of the unidirectional train is only explained in detail;
(2) passengers controlled by the signal device are all queued at the entrance facility and do not give up traveling or select other traveling modes;
(3) each train accurately runs according to a train schedule, no emergency occurs and no running delay occurs;
(4) in this embodiment, a cycle refers to a difference between departure times of two consecutive cars at the same station.
In an exemplary embodiment of the present application, as shown in fig. 1, a method for pre-controlling oversaturation passenger flow at a station platform of an urban rail transit station includes the following steps:
(1) acquiring basic data, and arranging a signal device on a station hall layer;
(2) pre-judging the oversaturation state of the platform, and starting a signal device if judging that the passenger flow of the platform is about to reach the oversaturation state;
(3) determining the forbidding signal starting time of the signal device and judging the necessity of forbidding signal starting;
(4) determining the signal release starting time of the signal device;
(5) the signaling device timing scheme is dynamically adjusted based on the real-time video recognition results (in some embodiments, this step may be omitted).
(6) A signal device timing scheme is implemented.
In the step (1), the collected data comprises the number, design size, facility positions and the like of station halls, platforms, channels, various facilities of the target urban rail transit station; train schedule data; the minimum and maximum distances from the signal device position to the platform waiting position for passengers walking on each channel; the number of passengers getting off each train, the remaining passenger flow staying at the platform after leaving the station and the remaining passenger capacity of each train carriage; selecting the passenger flow of each station hall layer and station layer channel of the station; the average service rate of the automatic gate and the average arrival rate of passengers arriving at the station in each time period of the station; and the departure time of passengers in the train after each train arrives at the station.
The above parameters can be obtained by combining the get-off passenger flow volume and historical data. Meanwhile, as shown in fig. 2, a signal device 1 is installed on a station hall layer of a station, and the passenger flow on the station hall layer can be controlled.
The signal device 1 comprises a signal controller, a lamp post and an LED lamp group, wherein the LED lamp group can display a red forbidding signal and a green releasing signal (certainly, the structure of the signal device can be further optimized in other embodiments, but the optimization is easily thought by a person skilled in the art and is within the protection scope of the invention; meanwhile, in other embodiments, the lamp group can indicate forbidding and releasing in other ways, such as different flashing ways, etc.); the signal controller is connected with a high-definition camera 2 arranged on a station hall layer and high-definition cameras 3 and 4 arranged on a station layer, the cameras 2, 3 and 4 have video automatic identification and image processing functions, data such as the flow, density, speed and flow rate of passenger flow in a shooting visual angle range can be output, and a shooting target is a surrounding area such as a signal device 1, a passage opening and a station door 5.
In the step (2), the platform passenger flow state detection module is controlled to extract the video identification data of the platform and the passenger flow data of an automatic ticket checking system (AFC) in real time. If the passenger flow detection module detects that the total passenger flow of the platform does not reach the threshold value of the passenger flow capacity which can be accommodated by the platform in the current cycle of the vehicle, the signal device is not started; if the passenger flow detection module detects that the total passenger flow of the platform can exceed the passenger flow capacity of the platform in the current cycle, the signal device is started to control the passenger flow of the station hall layer. The pre-discrimination conditions of the unsaturated state, the saturated state and the supersaturated state of the platform are expressed as follows:
unsaturated and saturated states:
Figure BDA0002311274910000111
supersaturation state:
Figure BDA0002311274910000112
in the formula: t is the time interval between the time when the ith-1 train leaves the urban rail transit station k and the time when the ith train leaves the station, the time interval t is set as the first train-time period, and the train-time period corresponding to the i-2 trains and the i-1 train is t-1;
Figure BDA0002311274910000121
the remaining passenger flow rate of the urban rail transit station k staying at the platform after the passengers get on the train at the time interval t-1;
Figure BDA0002311274910000122
the passenger flow of the urban rail transit station k for getting off within the time interval t;
Figure BDA0002311274910000123
the method comprises the following steps that (1) passenger flow of an ith train is planned to pass through an automatic fare collection system for an urban rail transit station k within a time interval t;
Pk,maxthe maximum value of the passenger flow capacity can be accommodated in a k platform of the urban rail transit station;
the platform can hold the maximum passenger flow Pk,maxObtained by the following formula:
Pk,max＝Sk(∑ωjαj)·ρk·β
in the formula: skThe reachable area of the k platform of the urban rail transit station is obtained;
ωjthe passenger availability factor of the jth class space area of the platform is different, and the passenger waiting availability ratio of different platform areas is different, for example, the stair opening, the upright post and the platform facility all influence the passenger to select the waiting position;
αjthe area ratio of the j-th space region of the platform;
ρkthe passenger flow density of a saturated state of a k platform of an urban rail transit station is rated according to the pedestrian congestion level rating standard of a waiting area of the urban rail transit platform, and the passenger flow density is equal to 5 persons/m2Meanwhile, the platform passenger flow is in a saturated state;
β is the unbalanced coefficient of the passenger flow distribution of the platform.
In the step (3), the signal device forbidding signal starting time is determined, and the forbidding signal starting necessity is judged: if the passenger flow detection module detects that the platform passenger flow is about to reach an oversaturated state in a time interval t, the signal device firstly immediately starts a release signal, and then determines the time for starting a forbidden signal by detecting parameter data such as the passenger flow volume, the passenger flow rate, the platform passenger flow density and the like of each channel entering the platform, and limits part of passengers in an open platform room so as to achieve the purpose of relieving the platform congestion. Since the turn-on time of the prohibition signal cannot be directly determined, the time for turning on the prohibition signal is determined by calculating the time difference between the turn-on time of the prohibition signal and the known i-1 th train departure time, as shown in fig. 3.
Determining the time for opening the forbidden signal, firstly comparing the average arrival rate of passengers entering the station, the average service rate of entrance gates and the maximum passing rate of the passages of the station hall layer and the station layer, determining the minimum arrival rate of passenger flow at the station, and further determining the maximum release time required by the remaining containable passenger flow of the release station, namely the time difference between the opening time of the forbidden signal in the first train period and the departure time of the i-1 th train, wherein the time is obtained by the following formula:
Figure BDA0002311274910000131
in the formula:
Figure BDA0002311274910000132
the time difference between the signal device forbidding signal starting time and the i-1 th train departure time of the urban rail transit station k in the time interval t is obtained;
n is the number of channels of a k station hall layer and a station platform layer of the urban rail transit station;
Figure BDA0002311274910000133
the pedestrian flow rate is the unit width pedestrian flow rate of the pedestrian stairs in the xth channel of the urban rail transit station k;
Figure BDA0002311274910000134
the width of a walking stair in the xth channel of an urban rail transit station k is shown;
Figure BDA0002311274910000135
selecting the passenger flow rate proportion of the walking stairs in the x channel for the urban rail transit station k;
Figure BDA0002311274910000141
the pedestrian flow rate is the unit width pedestrian flow rate of an escalator in the xth channel of an urban rail transit station k;
Figure BDA0002311274910000142
the width of an escalator in the xth channel of an urban rail transit station k is obtained;
Figure BDA0002311274910000143
selecting the passenger flow proportion of an escalator in the x channel for an urban rail transit station k;
Figure BDA0002311274910000144
the total pedestrian flow rate in n channels in the urban rail transit station k is obtained;
λk,tthe average arrival rate of passenger flow in k time interval t of the urban rail transit station is obtained;
μk,tthe average service rate of the automatic ticket checking system in the k time interval t of the urban rail transit station is obtained.
In addition, the first and second substrates are,
Figure BDA0002311274910000145
the released passenger flow in the time period also needs to meet the constraint of the carriage accommodation capacity, namely the released passenger flow cannot exceed the maximum passenger flow which can be accommodated by the train carriage. The constraints are expressed as follows:
Figure BDA0002311274910000146
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
Figure BDA0002311274910000147
the residual capacity of the y carriage of the ith train
In the step (3), the train operation stage where the prohibition signal is turned on needs to be judged, and whether the prohibition signal is turned on is determined. As shown in fig. 4, it is assumed that after the release signal is turned on, the last released passenger arrives at the platform within the minimum transit time, and if the passenger who wants to get on the ith train already starts the boarding process, the release signal is not turned on, because if the passenger flow is released continuously, the flow rate of the passenger flow arriving at the platform layer is always smaller than the flow rate of the boarding passenger flow, and therefore the platform is not over saturated. The concrete expression is as follows:
if it is
Figure BDA0002311274910000148
The supersaturation passenger flow is limited without starting a forbidden signal within the time interval t;
if it is
Figure BDA0002311274910000151
A disable signal is activated to limit the oversaturated traffic during the time interval t.
In the formula, Tk,g,minThe minimum passing time of passengers waiting for the bus door from the station hall layer signal device to the station layer for the urban rail transit station k is obtained;
ΔTi,k,othe time difference between the i-1 th train departure time and the i-th train arrival time of the urban rail transit station k is obtained;
Ti,k,dthe total getting-off time of passengers in the train carriage after the ith train arrival at the urban rail transit station k is obtained.
The minimum passing time of the passenger from the station hall floor signal device point to the station floor waiting door is obtained by the following formula:
Figure BDA0002311274910000152
in the formula, Tk,g,s,minThe minimum passing time of passengers arriving at a station floor waiting door from a station hall layer signal device point in a walking mode is given to an urban rail transit station k;
Tk,g,e,minthe minimum passing time of passengers arriving at a station floor waiting door from a station hall layer signal device point in an escalator mode is set for an urban rail transit station k;
Dk,s,minthe minimum walking distance of passengers arriving at the stair opening of the platform layer from the station hall layer signal device point in a walking manner is given to the urban rail transit station k;
Dk,w,minthe minimum walking distance from a platform floor landing to a waiting door for passengers at a station k of the urban rail transit is obtained;
Dk,e,minthe minimum walking distance of passengers arriving at the stair opening of the platform layer from the station hall layer signal device point in an escalator mode is provided for the k passengers at the urban rail transit station;
Vk,s,maxthe maximum walking speed of the passenger flow of the k walking stairs of the urban rail transit station is obtained;
Vk,w,maxthe maximum traveling speed of passenger flow of a station floor k of the urban rail transit station is obtained;
Vk,ethe passenger carrying running speed of the escalator at the urban rail transit station k is obtained.
In the step (4), after the signal device forbids the opening of the signal, part of passenger flow is limited in the station hall layer, and when the i train arrives and the passengers on the station layer get on or off the train or finish the getting on or off the train, the signal device opens the release signal. The determined release moment ensures that the release passenger flow of the station hall layer does not influence the running process of the passenger flow of the carriage getting off the vehicle in the channel, and simultaneously increases the release passenger flow as much as possible. Since the on time of the release signal cannot be directly determined, the determination is made by calculating the time difference between the on time of the release signal and the known i-train departure time.
Determining a release signal of a signal device, namely detecting the getting-off passenger flow of the i train, judging whether the getting-off passenger flow of the carriage is influenced by the release passenger flow of the station hall layer under the limitation of the passage capacity, and if the total passenger flow rate is judged to exceed the limitation of the passage capacity, not releasing the station hall layer passenger flow when the getting-off passenger flow of the carriage is larger; if the total passenger flow rate is not judged to exceed the passage capacity limit, the station hall floor passenger flow can be carried out under the condition of ensuring that the passenger flow of getting off the carriage is not influenced. The concrete conditions and expressions are as follows:
the first condition is as follows: the flow rate of the get-off passenger flow of a certain channel of the station hall layer and the station layer is larger than the limit passenger flow rate of the channel under the condition that the passenger flow of the station hall layer is released, and the following formula is shown:
Figure BDA0002311274910000161
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
Figure BDA0002311274910000162
the passenger flow of the ith train of the urban rail transit station k getting off within the time interval t;
Figure BDA0002311274910000171
selecting the maximum passenger flow proportion of the x channel for an urban rail transit station k;
tau is a maximum flow rate conversion coefficient and is obtained according to the passenger flow of the next vehicle and the maximum passenger flow rate of the unit width section of the channel port;
Figure BDA0002311274910000175
the limit pedestrian flow rate of the kth channel of the urban rail transit station is obtained;
Figure BDA0002311274910000172
and (4) releasing the flow rate of the passenger flow for the xth channel signal device of the urban rail transit station k.
After determining that the flow rate of the passenger flow getting off the ith train does not meet the condition of releasing the passenger flow at the station hall layer, continuously identifying the flow rate state of the passenger flow getting off the platform at the passage opening of the platform by using the video identification device 3, and further determining the moment of opening the signal device to release the signal. As shown in fig. 5, if the duration of the high flow rate condition of the off-gate passenger flow exceeds the stop time of the train, the clear signal is activated after the high flow rate condition is over. If the flow rate of the passenger flow leaving the port drops to a value that can turn on the release signal before the train leaves the station, it is considered whether the release passenger flow affects the boarding and disembarking process of the platform passengers, as shown in fig. 6 and 7. The time difference between the release signal starting time and the train departure time is obtained by the following formula:
Figure BDA0002311274910000173
in the formula:
Figure BDA0002311274910000174
the time difference between the signal device release signal starting time and the train departure time of the urban rail transit station k in the time interval t is obtained;
Ti,k,hthe duration time of the high flow rate state of the passenger flow of the ith train of the urban rail transit station k;
ΔTi,k,sthe stop time of the ith train of the urban rail transit station k is obtained;
case two: the flow rate of the get-off passenger flow of a certain channel of the station hall layer and the station layer is smaller than the limit passenger flow rate of the channel under the condition that the passenger flow of the station hall layer is released, and the following formula is shown:
Figure BDA0002311274910000181
after determining that the flow rate of the passenger flow for getting off the ith train meets the condition of the passenger flow at the release station hall layer, as shown in fig. 8, a release signal is started before the ith train leaves the station, so that the ith train leaves the station when the passengers arrive at the station. The time difference between the release signal starting time and the train departure time is obtained by the following formula:
Figure BDA0002311274910000182
in step (5), the timing scheme of the signal device is dynamically adjusted based on the real-time video recognition result
The number of the channels from the station hall layer to the station layer is usually two or more, and in order to solve the problem of uneven passenger flow distribution of each channel, a video identification device of the station layer is used for dynamically adjusting a signal timing scheme of a station hall layer signal device.
Suppose that the urban rail transit station k has two passages a and b leading from the station hall layer to the station layer, the passenger flow of the passage a is larger, and the passenger flow of the passage b is smaller. Firstly, observing the passenger flow density of the channel ports of a channel a and a channel b in real time through a video recognition device 3 of the channel port of the station layer, if the passenger flow density of the channel port a is judged to be about to reach a threshold value, a control system opens a forbidden signal of a station hall layer channel a signal device in advance, and delays the opening time of the forbidden signal of a station hall layer channel b signal device, as shown in fig. 9; meanwhile, passenger flow is guided to go to a channel opening b and arrives at the station layer from a channel b, so that the passenger flow congestion pressure of the area around the channel a of the station layer is reduced, the passenger flow of the station is regulated and controlled in a balanced manner, and the safety of waiting of passengers at the station is ensured. The value of the adjustment time of the forbidding signal starting time of the a-channel and b-channel signal device is obtained by the following formula:
Figure BDA0002311274910000191
Figure BDA0002311274910000192
in the formula:
Figure BDA0002311274910000193
the advance time of the signal device forbidden signal starting time of the station hall layer channel a in the time interval t for the urban rail transit station k;
Figure BDA0002311274910000194
the delay time of the signal device forbidding signal starting moment of the station hall layer channel b in the time interval t is the urban rail transit station k;
Figure BDA0002311274910000195
planning passengers at an urban rail transit station k to take an i train from a channel a to a platform within a time interval t, and guiding the passenger flow entering the platform at a channel b;
Figure BDA0002311274910000196
the pedestrian flow rate is released for a signal device of a k channel a of the urban rail transit station;
Figure BDA0002311274910000197
the pedestrian flow rate is released for a signal device of a k channel b of the urban rail transit station;
Dk,hthe walking distance from a channel a to a channel b in an urban rail transit station k;
Vk,hthe average walking speed of passengers walking from the channel a to the channel b in the station hall layer is the urban rail transit station k.
The second embodiment also provides a pre-control system for oversaturated passenger flow at a station platform of the urban rail transit, which comprises a processor and a plurality of signal devices, wherein the signal devices are arranged at each station hall layer and at least can display different signals respectively representing prohibition and release;
the processor is connected with each signal device and is configured to acquire hardware facility parameters, train information parameters and passenger flow service parameters of a station hall of the rail transit station;
extracting passenger flow data in real time, pre-judging the oversaturation state of the platform, and if the passenger flow of the platform is judged to be about to reach the oversaturation state, starting a corresponding signal device to control the passenger flow of a station hall layer;
determining the minimum arrival rate of the passenger flow of the platform according to the acquired parameter information, further determining the maximum release time required by the remaining containable passenger flow of the release platform, and setting the signal starting time of the signal device for forbidding the signal;
setting corresponding opening time of a release signal on the premise that the flow rate of the passenger flow leaving each train does not exceed the passage capacity limit according to the acquired parameter information;
and forming a timing scheme according to the set forbidding signal starting time and the set releasing signal starting time, and controlling the work of the signal device.
As will be appreciated by one skilled in the art, embodiments of the present disclosure may be provided as a method, system, or computer program product. Accordingly, the present disclosure may take the form of an entirely hardware embodiment, an entirely software embodiment or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, the present disclosure may take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including, but not limited to, disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, and so forth) having computer-usable program code embodied therein.
The present disclosure is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of the disclosure. It will be understood that each flow and/or block of the flow diagrams and/or block diagrams, and combinations of flows and/or blocks in the flow diagrams and/or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions may be provided to a processor of a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, create means for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable memory that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory produce an article of manufacture including instruction means which implement the function specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable apparatus to produce a computer implemented process such that the instructions which execute on the computer or other programmable apparatus provide steps for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present disclosure and is not intended to limit the present disclosure, and various modifications and changes may be made to the present disclosure by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present disclosure should be included in the protection scope of the present disclosure.
Although the present disclosure has been described with reference to specific embodiments, it should be understood that the scope of the present disclosure is not limited thereto, and those skilled in the art will appreciate that various modifications and changes can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the present disclosure.

Claims (10)

1. A pre-control method for oversaturated passenger flow at a station platform of urban rail transit is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
acquiring hardware facility parameters, train information parameters and passenger flow service parameters of a station hall of a rail transit station;
extracting passenger flow data in real time, pre-judging the oversaturation state of the platform, and if the passenger flow of the platform is judged to be about to reach the oversaturation state, starting a corresponding signal device distributed on a station hall layer to control the passenger flow of the station hall layer;
determining the minimum arrival rate of the passenger flow of the platform according to the acquired parameter information, further determining the maximum release time required by the remaining containable passenger flow of the release platform, and setting the signal starting time of the signal device for forbidding the signal;
setting corresponding opening time of a release signal on the premise that the flow rate of the passenger flow leaving each train does not exceed the passage capacity limit according to the acquired parameter information;
and forming a timing scheme according to the set forbidding signal starting time and the set releasing signal starting time, and controlling the work of the signal device.
2. The pre-control method for oversaturated passenger flow at a station platform of an urban rail transit station as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the acquired parameter information specifically comprises the number, design size and facility positions of station halls, platforms, channels, various facilities of the target urban rail transit station; train schedule data; the minimum and maximum distances from the signal device position to the platform waiting position for passengers walking on each channel; the number of passengers getting off each train, the remaining passenger flow staying at the platform after leaving the station and the remaining passenger capacity of each train carriage; selecting the passenger flow of each station hall layer and station layer channel of the station; the average service rate of the automatic gate and the average arrival rate of passengers arriving at the station in each time period of the station; and the departure time of passengers in the train after each train arrives at the station.
3. The pre-control method for oversaturated passenger flow at a station platform of an urban rail transit station as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that:
the signaling device timing scheme is dynamically adjusted in conjunction with the video information at the station hall layer and the station layer prior to final determination of the timing scheme.
4. The pre-control method for oversaturated passenger flow at a station platform of an urban rail transit station as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the specific steps of extracting the passenger flow data in real time comprise: extracting in real time based on the video identification data of the platform and the passenger flow data of the automatic ticket checking system;
if the total passenger flow of the platform does not reach the threshold value of the passenger flow capacity of the platform in the cycle of the vehicle, the signal device is not started; if the passenger flow detection module detects that the total passenger flow of the platform can exceed the passenger flow capacity of the platform in the current cycle, the signal device is started to control the passenger flow of the station hall layer.
5. The pre-control method for oversaturated passenger flow at a station platform of an urban rail transit station as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that: the pre-judging process of the unsaturated state, the saturated state and the supersaturated state of the platform comprises the following steps:
unsaturated and saturated states:
Figure FDA0002311274900000021
supersaturation state:
Figure FDA0002311274900000022
in the formula: t is the time interval between the time when the ith-1 train leaves the urban rail transit station k and the time when the ith train leaves the station, the time interval t is set as the first train-time period, and the train-time period corresponding to the i-2 trains and the i-1 train is t-1;
Figure FDA0002311274900000023
the remaining passenger flow rate of the urban rail transit station k staying at the platform after the passengers get on the train at the time interval t-1;
Figure FDA0002311274900000031
the passenger flow of the urban rail transit station k for getting off within the time interval t;
Figure FDA0002311274900000032
the method comprises the following steps that (1) passenger flow of an ith train is planned to pass through an automatic fare collection system for an urban rail transit station k within a time interval t;
Pk,maxthe maximum value of the passenger flow capacity can be accommodated in a k platform of the urban rail transit station;
the platform can hold the maximum passenger flow Pk,maxObtained by the following formula:
Pk,max＝Sk(∑ωjαj)·ρk·β
in the formula: skThe reachable area of the k platform of the urban rail transit station is obtained;
ωjcoefficient of availability for passengers in class j space area of platform, multiplication of different platform areasThe passenger waiting utilization rate is different, and the passenger waiting position selection is influenced by the stair opening, the upright post and the platform facility;
αjthe area ratio of the j-th space region of the platform;
ρkthe passenger flow density of the saturated state of the k platform of the urban rail transit station is rated according to the pedestrian crowding level rating standard of the waiting area of the urban rail transit platform, and the passenger flow density is equal to the set people/m2Meanwhile, the platform passenger flow is in a saturated state;
β is the unbalanced coefficient of the passenger flow distribution of the platform.
6. The pre-control method for oversaturated passenger flow at a station platform of an urban rail transit station as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: determining the time for starting the forbidden signal, firstly comparing the average arrival rate of passengers entering the station, the average service rate of entrance gates and the maximum passing rate of the channels of the station hall layer and the station layer, determining the minimum arrival rate of passenger flow at the station platform, and further determining the maximum release time required by the residual containable passenger flow of the release station platform, namely the time difference between the starting time of the forbidden signal in the first train period and the departure time of the train at the i-1 st time;
meanwhile, the passenger flow released in the corresponding time period in the tongue tip also needs to meet the constraint of carriage accommodation capacity, namely the released passenger flow cannot exceed the maximum passenger flow which can be accommodated by the train carriage.
7. The pre-control method for oversaturated passenger flow at a station platform of an urban rail transit station as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the train operation stage where the prohibition signal is turned on needs to be judged, and whether the prohibition signal is turned on is further determined, and the specific process comprises the following steps:
if it is
Figure FDA0002311274900000041
The supersaturation passenger flow is limited without starting a forbidden signal within the time interval t;
if it is
Figure FDA0002311274900000042
A forbidden signal needs to be started to limit the oversaturated passenger flow in the time interval t;
in the formula, Tk,g,minThe minimum passing time of passengers waiting for the bus door from the station hall layer signal device to the station layer for the urban rail transit station k is obtained;
ΔTi,k,othe time difference between the i-1 th train departure time and the i-th train arrival time of the urban rail transit station k is obtained;
Ti,k,dthe total getting-off time of passengers in the train carriage after the ith train arrival at the urban rail transit station k is obtained.
8. The pre-control method for oversaturated passenger flow at a station platform of an urban rail transit station as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the process of determining the release signal comprises the steps of firstly detecting the getting-off passenger flow of the i train, judging whether the getting-off passenger flow of the carriage is influenced by the release passenger flow of the station hall layer under the limitation of the passage capacity, and if the total passenger flow rate is judged to exceed the limitation of the passage capacity, not releasing the station hall layer passenger flow when the getting-off passenger flow of the carriage is larger; and if the total passenger flow rate does not exceed the passage capacity limit, the station hall layer passenger flow is carried out under the condition of ensuring that the passenger flow of getting off the carriage is not influenced.
9. The pre-control method for oversaturated passenger flow at a station platform of an urban rail transit station as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: when the flow rate of the getting-off passenger flow of a certain channel of the station hall layer and the station platform layer is larger than the limit passenger flow rate of the channel under the condition of releasing the passenger flow of the station hall layer, after the fact that the getting-off passenger flow rate of the ith train does not meet the condition of releasing the passenger flow of the station hall layer is determined, the flow rate state of the getting-off passenger flow at the channel opening of the station platform is continuously identified by using a video identification device, and the moment of starting a releasing signal of a signal device is further determined; if the duration time of the high flow rate state of the passenger flow at the entrance of the passage exceeds the stop time of the train, starting a release signal after the high flow rate state is finished; if the flow rate of the passenger flow leaving the passage opening is reduced to a value capable of starting the release signal before the train leaves the station, whether the release passenger flow influences the process of getting on and off the train of the passengers at the station at the moment is considered;
or when the flow rate of the getting-off passenger flow of a certain channel of the station hall layer and the station platform layer is smaller than the limit passenger flow rate of the channel under the condition of releasing the passenger flow of the station hall layer, after the fact that the getting-off passenger flow rate of the ith train meets the condition of releasing the passenger flow of the station hall layer is determined, a releasing signal is started before the ith train leaves the station, and the fact that the ith train leaves the station when the passengers arrive at the station platform is guaranteed.
10. The utility model provides a control system is in advance foreseen to urban rail transit station platform supersaturation passenger flow, characterized by: the system comprises a processor and a plurality of signal devices, wherein the signal devices are distributed on each station hall layer and at least can display different signals respectively representing forbidding and releasing;
the processor is connected with each signal device and is configured to acquire hardware facility parameters, train information parameters and passenger flow service parameters of a station hall of the rail transit station;
extracting passenger flow data in real time, pre-judging the oversaturation state of the platform, and if the passenger flow of the platform is judged to be about to reach the oversaturation state, starting a corresponding signal device to control the passenger flow of a station hall layer;
determining the minimum arrival rate of the passenger flow of the platform according to the acquired parameter information, further determining the maximum release time required by the remaining containable passenger flow of the release platform, and setting the signal starting time of the signal device for forbidding the signal;
setting corresponding opening time of a release signal on the premise that the flow rate of the passenger flow leaving each train does not exceed the passage capacity limit according to the acquired parameter information;
and forming a timing scheme according to the set forbidding signal starting time and the set releasing signal starting time, and controlling the work of the signal device.
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