CN111054413A - Ternary composite multi-effect photocatalyst and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Ternary composite multi-effect photocatalyst and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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CN111054413A
CN111054413A CN201911133986.9A CN201911133986A CN111054413A CN 111054413 A CN111054413 A CN 111054413A CN 201911133986 A CN201911133986 A CN 201911133986A CN 111054413 A CN111054413 A CN 111054413A
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effect photocatalyst
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CN111054413B (en
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杨绍贵
向伟铭
季秋忆
何欢
程心滢
周文武
王晓寒
郭洋
孙成
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Nanjing Normal University
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    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
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    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
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    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
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    • Y02WCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W10/00Technologies for wastewater treatment
    • Y02W10/30Wastewater or sewage treatment systems using renewable energies
    • Y02W10/37Wastewater or sewage treatment systems using renewable energies using solar energy

Abstract

The invention discloses a ternary composite multiple-effect photocatalyst and a preparation method thereof, wherein the ternary composite multiple-effect photocatalyst is prepared from Co3O4、Bi2O2CO3And g-C3N4The three are prepared by compounding, and the preparation method is that the hydrothermal synthesis method is utilized to synthesize the Bi with the lamellar 2D structure with large surface area2O2CO3Slicing, and ultrasonically treating g-C with 2D structure3N4And 2D structureOf Bi2O2CO3Mixing the slices uniformly, adding Co2+The solution is finally oxidized by hydrothermal synthesis2+Formation of Co3O4Point load on 2D/2D Bi2O2CO3/g‑C3N4The ternary composite multi-effect photocatalyst is obtained, and the ternary heterojunction material has excellent persulfate activation and pollutant photocatalytic degradation capability, high degradation efficiency and environmental friendliness.

Description

Ternary composite multi-effect photocatalyst and preparation method thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to a composite photocatalyst and a preparation method and application thereof, in particular to a ternary composite multi-effect photocatalyst and a preparation method and application thereof, belonging to the technical field of nano material synthesis.
Background
Under the era background of rapid development of science and technology, over-development and utilization of energy sources such as petroleum and coal and the like and damage to the environment caused by heavily polluted industries are caused, so that pollution-free and renewable energy sources are urgently needed. The photocatalysis technology has the advantages of clean and renewable solar energy as an energy source, and the application fields comprise pollution removal, catalytic hydrogen production and the like which are related to the environment, so that the photocatalysis technology becomes an important technical means for improving the environment in the visual field of people. The persulfate activation technology is an environmental pollution treatment technology which has just emerged in recent years. SO generated during persulfate activation4 -Half-life ratio of OH to O2The half-life period of the compound is long, and the standard oxidation-reduction potential reaches 2.5eV-3.1eV, so that the compound has the characteristics of lasting action time, strong oxidation capacity and the like, and the application of the compound in the field of environmental protection becomes possible. Conventional TiO2Can not absorb most of the solar energyVisible light, high efficiency of recombination of photogenerated electrons and holes, and long time for degrading pollutants by photocatalysis, which is not beneficial to engineering application.
Disclosure of Invention
The purpose of the invention is as follows: the first purpose of the invention is to provide a ternary heterojunction photocatalyst which has excellent persulfate activation and capacity of photocatalytic degradation of pollutants, high degradation efficiency and environmental friendliness, and the second purpose of the invention is to provide a preparation method of the photocatalyst.
The technical scheme is as follows: the ternary composite multiple-effect photocatalyst of the invention is prepared from Co3O4、Bi2O2CO3And g-C3N4The three are prepared by compounding.
Further, Co element, Bi element and g-C3N4The mass ratio of (A) to (B) is 1-4: 8-24: 1.
g-C of the invention3N4The preparation method comprises the following steps:
weighing melamine, heating the sample to 500-550 ℃ at the heating rate of 3-5 ℃/min under nitrogen atmosphere, and keeping the temperature for roasting for 4-6 h.
The preparation method of the ternary composite multiple-effect photocatalyst comprises the following steps:
(1) promotion of Bi (NO) by surfactants3)3`5H2O forms ionic solution A and Bi with 2D structure by hydrothermal reaction under acidic condition2O2CO3A sheet;
(2) dissolving cobalt acetate tetrahydrate in a mixed solution of absolute ethyl alcohol and water, and performing ultrasonic treatment to form a mixed solution containing uniform Co2+Dispersion liquid B of (1);
(3) adding the dispersion liquid B into a mixed solution of absolute ethyl alcohol and water, and adding Bi with a 2D structure2O2CO3g-C of flake and 2D structures3N4Obtaining a dispersion liquid C with cobalt ions dispersed on the 2D/2D sheet layer by a solvothermal method;
(4) the dispersion C was reacted by a solvothermal method.
Further, step (ii)The surfactant in step (1) is cetyl ammonium bromide, cetyl ammonium bromide and Bi (NO)3)3`5H2The mass ratio of O is 1: 4-10.
Further, the acidic condition in the step (1) is that nitric acid and Bi (NO) are mixed in nitric acid solution3)3`5H2The molar ratio of O is 30-60: 1.
further, the hydrothermal reaction in the step (1) is carried out at 50-100 ℃.
Further, Co in the dispersion B of the step (3)2+Absolute ethyl alcohol, Bi of 2D structure2O2CO3g-C of flake and 2D structures3N4The ratio of (A) to (B) is 4 g: 10-15 ml: 8 g-24 g: 1g of the total weight of the composition.
Further, the solvothermal method in the step (3) is carried out at the temperature of 60-80 ℃.
Further, the solvothermal method in the step (4) is carried out at 100-200 ℃.
Preferably, the hydrothermal reaction in step (1) is carried out in a stainless steel autoclave.
Has the advantages that: compared with the prior art, the invention has the following remarkable advantages: co preparation by simple rapid hydrothermal synthesis method and solvothermal method3O4/Bi2O2CO3/g-C3N4The ternary composite multi-effect photocatalyst shows excellent persulfate activation and pollutant photocatalytic degradation capability under simulated sunlight irradiation; g-C3N4The introduction of the method solves the problems that the reactions are easy to influence each other and the like, and improves the specific surface area and the absorption utilization rate of sunlight; is nontoxic and harmless, and meets the environment-friendly requirement.
The preparation method is simple, the raw materials are easy to obtain, and the energy consumption and the preparation cost are greatly reduced; is convenient for batch production.
Drawings
FIG. 1 shows Co of the present invention3O4/Bi2O2CO3/g-C3N4An X-ray diffraction (XRD) pattern of the ternary composite multi-effect photocatalyst;
FIG. 2 isCo of the invention3O4/Bi2O2CO3/g-C3N4A Fourier infrared (FT-IR) diagram of the three-way composite multi-effect photocatalyst;
FIG. 3(a) shows Bi2O2CO3(2D) FIG. 3(b) is a Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) picture of (C), Co3O4/Bi2O2CO3FIG. 3(c) is a Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) image of Co of the present invention3O4/Bi2O2CO3/g-C3N4Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) picture of ternary composite multi-effect photocatalyst, and 3(d) is marked Co3O4Dot size Co3O4/Bi2O2CO3/g-C3N4The Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) picture of the ternary composite multi-effect photocatalyst, 3(e) is Co of the invention3O4/Bi2O2CO3/g-C3N4An Element Distribution (EDS) diagram of the ternary complex multi-effect photocatalyst;
FIG. 4 is a ternary composite multi-effect material Co3O4/Bi2O2CO3/g-C3N4The effect graph of photocatalysis and persulfate activation degradation of the iohexol aqueous solution with the concentration of 20mg/L under the irradiation of simulated sunlight.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention is further illustrated by the following examples.
Example 1
Preparation of g-C3N4Catalyst:
preparation of g-C by direct pyrolysis of 10g melamine in a tubular furnace under the protection of nitrogen3N4And the mixture is kept for standby. The heating rate of the pyrolysis is 3 ℃/min, the constant temperature is 550 ℃, and the calcination time is 4 h.
II, preparing Bi2O2CO3(2D) Catalyst and process for preparing same
1. Nitric acid and Bi (NO)3)3`5H2O is obtained by mixing the following components in a molar ratio of 30: 1 dissolving bismuth nitrate in nitric acid, stirring for 20min, and adding hexadecyl bromideAmmonium chloride, hexadecyl ammonium bromide and Bi (NO)3)3`5H2And the mass ratio of O is 1:4 to obtain an ionic solution A, and then sodium carbonate powder with the mass of 0.01mol is added and stirred for 30min to react to generate bismuth oxycarbonate.
2. Placing the reacted solution in a stainless steel autoclave, carrying out thermal reaction at 50 ℃ for 24h, naturally cooling to room temperature after the reaction is finished, respectively alternately washing 3 times by ultrapure water and absolute ethyl alcohol, and drying at constant temperature of 50 ℃ to obtain the two-dimensional flaky Bi2O2CO3
Thirdly, preparation of Co3O4/Bi2O2CO3/g-C3N4Multifunctional catalytic material
1. Dissolving cobalt acetate tetrahydrate in water to prepare cobalt ion mother liquor with the concentration of 0.2M, and dispersing the mother liquor in ultrapure water absolute ethyl alcohol to obtain dispersion liquid B, wherein Co in the dispersion liquid B2+Absolute ethyl alcohol, Bi of 2D structure2O2CO3g-C of flake and 2D structures3N4The ratio of (A) to (B) is 4 g: 10 ml: 8 g: 1g of the total weight of the composition.
2. 0.001g of g-C prepared in (a)3N4(2D) And 0.024g of Bi prepared in step two2O2CO3(2D) Adding into the dispersion solution B to obtain dispersion solution C, performing ultrasonic treatment at 80 deg.C for 3 hr, and mixing cobalt ion and Bi2O2CO3And g-C3N4And (4) uniformly mixing.
3. Placing the solution after ultrasonic treatment in a stainless steel autoclave, carrying out constant temperature thermal reaction for 3h at 150 ℃, alternately washing for 3 times by using ultrapure water and absolute ethyl alcohol after the reaction is finished, and drying for 12h at constant temperature of 60 ℃ to obtain Co3O4/Bi2O2CO3/g-C3N4A composite material.
Example 2
Preparation of Co3O4/Bi2O2CO3/g-C3N4Catalytic material
Preparation of g-C3N4Catalyst:
the tube furnace is directly heated in the atmosphere of nitrogen protectionPreparation of g-C by decomposing 10g of melamine3N4And the mixture is kept for standby. The heating rate of the pyrolysis is 5 ℃/min, the constant temperature is 500 ℃, and the calcination time is 6 h.
II, preparing Bi2O2CO3(2D) Catalyst and process for preparing same
1. Nitric acid and Bi (NO)3)3`5H2O is prepared according to the molar ratio of 60: 1 dissolving bismuth nitrate in nitric acid, stirring for 20min, adding hexadecylammonium bromide, hexadecylammonium bromide and Bi (NO)3)3`5H2And the mass ratio of O is 1:10 to obtain an ionic solution A, and then sodium carbonate powder with the mass of 0.01mol is added and stirred for 30min to react to generate bismuth oxycarbonate.
2. Placing the reacted solution in a stainless steel autoclave, carrying out thermal reaction at 80 ℃ for 24h, naturally cooling to room temperature after the reaction is finished, respectively alternately washing 3 times by ultrapure water and absolute ethyl alcohol, and drying at constant temperature of 50 ℃ to obtain the two-dimensional flaky Bi2O2CO3
Thirdly, preparation of Co3O4/Bi2O2CO3/g-C3N4Multifunctional catalytic material
1. Dissolving cobalt acetate tetrahydrate in water to prepare cobalt ion mother liquor with the concentration of 0.2M, and dispersing the mother liquor in ultrapure water absolute ethyl alcohol to obtain dispersion liquid B, wherein Co in the dispersion liquid B2+Absolute ethyl alcohol, Bi of 2D structure2O2CO3g-C of flake and 2D structures3N4The ratio of (A) to (B) is 4 g: 15 ml: 24 g: 1g of the total weight of the composition.
2. 0.001g of g-C prepared in (a)3N4(2D) And 0.024g of Bi prepared in step two2O2CO3(2D) Adding into the dispersion solution B to obtain dispersion solution C, performing ultrasonic treatment at 60 deg.C for 3 hr, and mixing cobalt ion and Bi2O2CO3And g-C3N4And (4) uniformly mixing.
3. Placing the solution after ultrasonic treatment in a stainless steel autoclave, carrying out a constant temperature thermal reaction at 100 ℃ for 3h, alternately washing with ultrapure water and absolute ethyl alcohol for 3 times after the reaction is finished, and drying at a constant temperature of 60 ℃ for 12h to obtain Co3O4/Bi2O2CO3/g-C3N4A composite material.
Example 3
Preparation of Co3O4/Bi2O2CO3/g-C3N4Catalytic material
Preparation of g-C3N4Catalyst:
preparation of g-C by direct pyrolysis of 10g melamine in a tubular furnace under the protection of nitrogen3N4And the mixture is kept for standby. The heating rate of the pyrolysis is 4 ℃/min, the constant temperature is 530 ℃, and the calcination time is 5 h.
II, preparing Bi2O2CO3(2D) Catalyst and process for preparing same
1. Nitric acid and Bi (NO)3)3`5H2O is prepared according to the molar ratio of 45: 1 dissolving bismuth nitrate in nitric acid, stirring for 20min, adding hexadecylammonium bromide, hexadecylammonium bromide and Bi (NO)3)3`5H2And the mass ratio of O is 1:7 to obtain an ionic solution A, and then sodium carbonate powder with the mass of 0.01mol is added and stirred for 30min to react to generate bismuth oxycarbonate.
2. Placing the reacted solution in a stainless steel autoclave, carrying out thermal reaction at 100 ℃ for 24h, naturally cooling to room temperature after the reaction is finished, respectively alternately washing 3 times by ultrapure water and absolute ethyl alcohol, and drying at constant temperature of 50 ℃ to obtain the two-dimensional flaky Bi2O2CO3
Thirdly, preparation of Co3O4/Bi2O2CO3/g-C3N4Multifunctional catalytic material
1. Dissolving cobalt acetate tetrahydrate in water to prepare cobalt ion mother liquor with the concentration of 0.2M, and dispersing the mother liquor in ultrapure water absolute ethyl alcohol to obtain dispersion liquid B, wherein Co in the dispersion liquid B2+Absolute ethyl alcohol, Bi of 2D structure2O2CO3g-C of flake and 2D structures3N4The ratio of (A) to (B) is 4 g: 12 ml: 15 g: 1g of the total weight of the composition.
2. 0.001g of g-C prepared in (a)3N4(2D) And 0.024g of Bi prepared in step two2O2CO3(2D) Adding into the dispersion solution B to obtain dispersion solution C, performing ultrasonic treatment at 70 deg.C for 3 hr, and mixing cobalt ion and Bi2O2CO3And g-C3N4And (4) uniformly mixing.
3. Placing the solution after ultrasonic treatment in a stainless steel autoclave, carrying out constant temperature thermal reaction at 200 ℃ for 3h, alternately washing with ultrapure water and absolute ethyl alcohol for 3 times after the reaction is finished, and drying at constant temperature of 60 ℃ for 12h to obtain Co3O4/Bi2O2CO3/g-C3N4A composite material.
Example 4
Preparing an iohexol simulated solution:
dissolving 50mg of iohexol white powder in 50ml of ultrapure water, and uniformly stirring to prepare iohexol mother liquor with the concentration of 1g/L for later use.
In each degradation experiment, 1ml of iohexol mother liquor is taken in a 50ml quartz colorimetric tube, and is diluted to 50ml by adding water to prepare an experiment solution with the concentration of 20 mg/L. Then 50mg of catalyst powder is added, the mixture is put into a photocatalytic reactor, 1000W Xe is used as a simulated sunlight source to react for 30min under the dark condition, and finally 0.0357g of sodium persulfate powder is added to start the reaction and degradation.
Comparative example 1
Preparation of Co3O4/Bi2O2CO3
Firstly, preparing Bi2O2CO3(2D) Catalyst and process for preparing same
1. Dissolving 0.970g of bismuth nitrate in 80ml of 1mol/L nitric acid, stirring for 20min to obtain an ionic solution A, adding sodium carbonate powder with the amount of 0.01mol of substance, and stirring for 30min to react to generate bismuth oxycarbonate.
2. Placing the reacted solution in a stainless steel autoclave, carrying out thermal reaction at 60 ℃ for 24h, naturally cooling to room temperature after the reaction is finished, respectively alternately washing 3 times by ultrapure water and absolute ethyl alcohol, and drying at constant temperature of 50 ℃ to obtain the two-dimensional flaky Bi2O2CO3
II, preparing Co3O4/Bi2O2CO3Catalyst and process for preparing same
1. Dissolving cobalt acetate tetrahydrate in water to prepare a cobalt ion mother solution with a certain substance amount concentration of 0.2M, and dispersing 1.2ml of the mother solution in 15ml of ultrapure water and 15ml of absolute ethyl alcohol to obtain a dispersion liquid B.
2. Mixing 0.024g of prepared Bi2O2CO3(2D) Adding into the dispersion liquid B to obtain dispersion liquid D, performing ultrasonic treatment at 60-80 deg.C for 3 hr, and mixing cobalt ions with Bi2O2CO3And (4) uniformly mixing.
3. Placing the solution after ultrasonic treatment in a stainless steel autoclave, carrying out constant temperature thermal reaction at 150 ℃ for 3h, alternately washing with ultrapure water and absolute ethyl alcohol after the reaction is finished, and drying at the constant temperature of 60 ℃ for 12h to obtain Co3O4/Bi2O2CO3A composite material.
Comparative example 2
Preparation of Bi2O2CO3/g-C3N4Catalyst and process for preparing same
Preparation of g-C3N4Catalyst:
preparation of g-C by direct pyrolysis of 10g melamine in a tubular furnace under the protection of nitrogen3N4And the mixture is kept for standby. The constant temperature of the pyrolysis is 550 ℃, and the calcination time is 4 h.
II, preparing Bi2O2CO3(2D) Catalyst and process for preparing same
Dissolving 0.970g of bismuth nitrate in 80ml of 1mol/L nitric acid, stirring for 20min to obtain an ionic solution A, adding sodium carbonate powder with the amount of 0.01mol of substance, and stirring for 30min to react to generate bismuth oxycarbonate. Placing the reacted solution in a stainless steel autoclave, carrying out thermal reaction at 60 ℃ for 24h, naturally cooling to room temperature after the reaction is finished, respectively alternately washing 3 times by ultrapure water and absolute ethyl alcohol, and drying at constant temperature of 50 ℃ to obtain the two-dimensional flaky Bi2O2CO3
Thirdly, preparing Bi2O2CO3/g-C3N4Catalyst and process for preparing same
Mixing 0.024g of prepared Bi2O2CO3(2D) And 0.001g of g-C prepared3N4(2D) Adding into 15ml ultrapure water +15ml anhydrous ethanol to obtain dispersionUltrasonic treating liquid E at 60-80 deg.C for 3 hr to obtain g-C3N4And Bi2O2CO3And (4) uniformly mixing.
The concentration of iohexol at each time point was determined using an agilent 1200 liquid chromatograph.
The invention utilizes the invention to utilize X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier infrared (FT-IR) to Co3O4/Bi2O2CO3/g-C3N4The successful preparation of the ternary composite multi-effect photocatalyst and the persulfate activator is determined, and Bi appears in an XRD (X-ray diffraction) pattern as shown in figure 1-22O2CO3And Co3O4The characteristic peak of the composite material is matched with a standard card (JCPDS card No.41-1448), and g-C appears in the FT-IR spectrum of the composite material3N4Characteristic peak and g-C3N4The characteristic peaks measured by FT-IR spectrum are coincident. Description of the three-phase Material Co3O4/Bi2O2CO3/g-C3N4The preparation is successful.
Co in the invention3O4/Bi2O2CO3/g-C3N4The morphology of the ternary complex multi-effect multifunctional catalyst was determined by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), and FIG. 3(a) is Bi2O2CO3(2D) From the figure, it can be seen that Bi is produced2O2CO3The surface area is large, and a sheet structure is presented; FIG. 3(b) shows Co3O4/Bi2O2CO3Composite material, Co being visible from the figure3O4The nano particles are uniformly dispersed in the flaky Bi2O2CO3A surface; FIG. 3(c) shows Co3O4/Bi2O2CO3/g-C3N4The g-C can be seen from the figure3N4And Bi2O2CO3Closely bonded, and Co3O4The nano-dots are in g-C3N4(2D) And Bi2O2CO3(2D) The upper distribution is uniform, and FIG. 3(d) shows Co3O4Dot size Co3O4/Bi2O2CO3/g-C3N4A three-element composite multi-effect multifunctional catalyst material. Fig. 3(e) is a composite Element Distribution (EDS) diagram.
FIG. 4 is Co3O4/Bi2O2CO3/g-C3N4And (3) comparing the degradation effects of the ternary composite multi-effect material under various conditions. It can be seen that Co is present at the same time3O4/Bi2O2CO3/g-C3N4The degradation effect is best under the condition of 1000W Xe and 3mM persulfate.
On the other hand, by two-dimensional (2D) carbon nitride (g-C)3N4) Coupling Co3O4/Bi2O2CO3The heterojunction structure is formed to further inhibit the recombination of the photo-generated electron hole pair, so that the service life of the photo-generated electron is greatly prolonged, and the photocatalytic performance activity of the photo-generated electron is further improved. Is simultaneously vertically inserted into Bi2O2CO3In the above way, the chemical reaction is separated without mutual influence.

Claims (10)

1. A three-element composite multi-effect photocatalyst is characterized in that: the ternary composite multiple-effect photocatalyst is prepared from Co3O4、Bi2O2CO3And g-C3N4The three are prepared by compounding.
2. The three-element composite multiple-effect photocatalyst of claim 1, characterized in that: the Co element, the Bi element and g-C3N4The mass ratio of (A) to (B) is 1-4: 8-24: 1.
3. A composition of g-C as claimed in claim 13N4The preparation method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
weighing melamine, heating the sample to 500-550 ℃ at the heating rate of 3-5 ℃/min under nitrogen atmosphere, and keeping the temperature for roasting for 4-6 h.
4. The preparation method of the three-element composite multi-effect photocatalyst of claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) promotion of Bi (NO) by surfactants3)3`5H2O forms ionic solution A and Bi with 2D structure by hydrothermal reaction under acidic condition2O2CO3A sheet;
(2) dissolving cobalt acetate tetrahydrate in a mixed solution of absolute ethyl alcohol and water, and performing ultrasonic treatment to form a mixed solution containing uniform Co2+Dispersion liquid B of (1);
(3) adding the dispersion liquid B into a mixed solution of absolute ethyl alcohol and water, and adding Bi with a 2D structure2O2CO3g-C of flake and 2D structures3N4Obtaining a dispersion liquid C with cobalt ions dispersed on the 2D/2D sheet layer by a solvothermal method;
(4) the dispersion C was reacted by a solvothermal method.
5. The preparation method of the three-element composite multiple-effect photocatalyst according to claim 4, characterized in that: in the step (1), the surfactant is hexadecyl ammonium bromide, and the hexadecyl ammonium bromide and Bi (NO)3)3`5H2The mass ratio of O is 1: 4-10.
6. The preparation method of the three-element composite multiple-effect photocatalyst according to claim 4, characterized in that: the acidic condition in the step (1) is that the nitric acid is in nitric acid solution, and the nitric acid is mixed with Bi (NO)3)3`5H2The molar ratio of O is 30-60: 1.
7. the preparation method of the three-element composite multiple-effect photocatalyst according to claim 4, characterized in that: the hydrothermal reaction in the step (1) is carried out at 50-100 ℃.
8. The preparation method of the three-element composite multiple-effect photocatalyst according to claim 4, characterized in that: co in the dispersion liquid B in the step (3)2+Absolute ethyl alcohol, Bi of 2D structure2O2CO3g-C of flake and 2D structures3N4The ratio of (A) to (B) is 4 g: 10-15 ml: 8 g-24 g: 1g of the total weight of the composition.
9. The preparation method of the three-element composite multiple-effect photocatalyst according to claim 4, characterized in that: the solvothermal method in the step (3) is carried out at the temperature of 60-80 ℃.
10. The preparation method of the three-element composite multiple-effect photocatalyst according to claim 4, characterized in that: the solvothermal method in the step (4) is carried out at 100-200 ℃.
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