Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an ecological environment restoration method of endangered ancient junipers and a set of fertilization and irrigation tool and a rejuvenation and rooting mixture used by the method, aiming at overcoming the defects of the prior art, and particularly solving the problems of ecological restoration and root rejuvenation of endangered ancient junipers.
The technical solution for realizing the purpose of the invention is as follows:
the first purpose of the invention is to provide an ecological environment restoration method for endangered ancient junipers, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) expanding the protection range of the tree plate, and building a cofferdam by two-stage gradient yielding bricks;
2) double rows of drain pipes are led out from the bottom of the cofferdam in the west direction, the gradient of the falling water is 3-5 degrees, and the falling water is drained to the artificial lake in two stages;
3) a drainage groove is dug at the outlet of the cofferdam, the double-row drainage pipes are led out from the drainage groove, and the pipe orifices of the double-row drainage pipes are provided with detachable stainless steel screens;
4) a plurality of sleeved fertilizing irrigation tools are obliquely embedded at the bottom of the foundation pit near the cofferdam, the plurality of sleeved fertilizing irrigation tools are uniformly distributed, and a plurality of sieve holes are distributed on the pipe wall of each sleeved fertilizing irrigation tool;
5) and filling water-absorbing expansion colloidal particles and a water-retaining agent in the set fertilization irrigation tool, periodically supplementing a rejuvenation rooting mixture in spring and autumn, and infiltrating into the rhizosphere of the ancient tree through sieve pores on the pipe wall of the set fertilization irrigation tool.
Preferably, in the step 1), the protection range of the tree plate is expanded, the distance from the east, the south and the north to the center of the trunk is up to 6 m, the distance from the west to the center of the trunk is up to 3 m, and the height of the two-stage gradient yielding brick cofferdam is 1 m.
Preferably, in the step 2), the double-row drain pipe is a PVC corrugated drain pipe with a double-row diameter of 30 cm.
Preferably, in the step 3), the drainage groove is 100cm long, 60cm wide and 40 cm high, and the detachable stainless steel screen mesh is provided with 100-mesh honeycomb-shaped screen holes with the diameter of 2 cm.
Preferably, in the step 4), the inclination angle of the sleeved fertilization irrigation tools is 30 degrees, and the interval between adjacent sleeved fertilization irrigation tools is 1.5 m.
The invention aims to provide a sleeved fertilization irrigation tool for ecological environment restoration of endangered ancient sabina chinensis, which is characterized in that the irrigation tool is a double-layer structure formed by sleeving a stainless steel fertilization outer pipe and a PVC fertilization inner pipe, and sieve pores are uniformly distributed on the pipe walls of the stainless steel fertilization outer pipe and the PVC fertilization inner pipe; the stainless steel fertilization device is characterized in that a hinge opening type stainless steel pipe cover is arranged at the pipe orifice of the stainless steel fertilization outer pipe, the bottom of the PVC fertilization inner pipe is closed, a pull ring is arranged at the pipe orifice, and the PVC fertilization inner pipe is filled with water absorption expansion colloidal particles, a water-retaining agent and a periodically applied rejuvenation rooting mixture.
Preferably, the stainless steel fertilization outer tube is 10cm in diameter and 80cm in length, the distance between the tube wall and the top end is 20 cm downward, and honeycomb-shaped sieve holes with the diameter of 1.0cm and 200 meshes are formed; the PVC fertilization inner pipe is 75cm long and 9cm in diameter, and honeycomb-shaped sieve holes which are 0.6cm in diameter and 200 meshes are formed in the position 20 cm below the top end of the pipe wall.
Preferably, the stainless steel fertilization outer tube is 10cm in diameter and 80cm in length, and sieve holes are formed in the tube wall 20 cm below the top end; the length of the PVC fertilization inner pipe is 75cm, the diameter of the PVC fertilization inner pipe is 9cm, and sieve holes are formed in the position, 20 cm below the top end, of the pipe wall; the sieve holes of the PVC fertilization inner pipe correspond to the sieve holes of the stainless steel fertilization outer pipe in position;
the outer end of the stainless steel fertilization outer pipe is marked with four equidistant marks with different shapes, the outer end of the PVC fertilization inner pipe is marked with an arrow, and the PVC fertilization inner pipe is rotated to enable the arrow of the PVC fertilization inner pipe to be aligned with the corresponding mark on the stainless steel fertilization outer pipe, so that the overlapping degree of the PVC fertilization inner pipe and the sieve mesh of the stainless steel fertilization outer pipe is changed, and the purpose of adjusting the flow is achieved; the outside end of the PVC fertilization inner tube is provided with a lug which is convenient to rotate.
Preferably, the bottom of the PVC fertilization inner pipe is provided with a circle of annular groove, the bottom of the stainless steel fertilization outer pipe is open and extends out of a circle of annular boss matched with the annular groove, and the annular groove is arranged in the annular boss to support the PVC fertilization inner pipe.
The third purpose of the invention is to provide a rejuvenation and rooting mixture for the ecological environment restoration of endangered ancient sabina chinensisThe rejuvenation and rooting agent is characterized in that the rejuvenation and rooting mixture is a liquid mixture of a slow-release rejuvenation fertilizer and a rooting agent; the liquid mixture in spring is: mixing decomposed leachate of pine mushroom and quail feces with KH of 500ppm2PO4100ppm NAA, applied once every middle of 3, 4, 5 months; the liquid mixture in autumn is: mixing thoroughly decomposed leachate of bean paste residue and goat feces with 500ppm KH2PO450ppm IAA, applied once in each of the middle of the month of 9, 10 and 11 months; the weight ratio of the pine mushroom to the quail manure is 1:2, and the weight ratio of the broad bean paste residue to the goat manure is 1: 2.
The ancient cypress ecological restoration method is simple and easy to implement, is particularly suitable for endangered ancient cypress rescue ecological restoration under poor drainage growth environment, and is expected to rejuvenate the growth vigor of the tree body. Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following remarkable advantages:
1. the current situation of the ecological environment of the conventional ancient junipers is effectively improved, and the development trend of endangering withering and death of the ancient junipers is relieved;
2. the measures that the protection range of the tree plate is expanded to 6 m from the center of the trunk and the two-stage gradient yielding brick protection weir is 1 m are adopted, so that the pressure and oxygen deficiency of the soil for root system growth can be obviously reduced, and the ecological measures for improving the adaptability of the root system of the tree body are taken;
3. PVC corrugated drain pipes with the diameter of 30 cm are led out from the bottom of the cofferdam in the west direction, the water return gradient is 3-5 degrees, and the drainage to the artificial lake is reduced in two stages, so that the long-term waterlogging damage of the roots of the trees can be effectively improved;
4. the movable set of fertilization and irrigation tool is adopted to periodically supplement the liquid mixture of the slow-release rejuvenation fertilizer and the rooting agent, so that the rejuvenation function of the root system of the ancient tree can be effectively enhanced; when the filling materials in the PVC fertilization inner pipe need to be replaced, the outer pipe does not need to be pulled out, and only the PVC fertilization inner pipe needs to be taken out, so that the operation is convenient and rapid;
5. the comprehensive ecological environment restoration technology is used for improving the growth environment of ancient junipers and enhancing the growth situation of the ancient junipers, has strong operability, and is particularly suitable for the rescue ecological restoration of endangered ancient junipers.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of ecological environment remediation according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a two-stage gradient yielding bricked cofferdam of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a side view of a double row of drain pipes according to the present invention;
FIGS. 4-1 and 4-2 are schematic views of an outer stainless steel fertilization tube and an inner PVC fertilization tube, respectively, in the first embodiment;
FIG. 5 is a schematic sectional view of the fertilizer applicator of the second embodiment;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the outer end of the fertilizer applicator of the second embodiment;
in the figure: 1 cofferdam, 2 railings, 3 sets of fertilization irrigation tools, 4 drainage grooves, 5 detachable stainless steel screens, 6 double rows of drainage pipes, 7 stainless steel fertilization outer pipes, 8 PVC fertilization inner pipes, 9 sieve meshes, 10 stainless steel pipe covers, 11 pull rings, 12 convex blocks, 13 annular grooves, 14 annular bosses and 15 hooks.
Example one
1. An ecological environment restoration method for endangered ancient junipers comprises the following steps:
1) expanding the protection range of the tree plate, wherein the distance from the east, south and north sides to the center of the trunk is up to 6 m, the distance from the west side to the center of the trunk is up to 3 m (as shown in figure 1), and the height of the two-stage gradient yielding brick cofferdam 1 is reduced to 1 m (as shown in figure 2, the secondary gradient yielding width is 12.5cm, and the primary gradient yielding width is 25 cm) so as to improve the ventilation space of root system soil;
2) as shown in fig. 3, double rows of drain pipes (adopting PVC corrugated drain pipes with double rows of diameters of 30 cm) are led out from the bottom of the cofferdam in the west direction, the gradient of precipitation is 3-5 degrees, and the precipitation is discharged to an artificial lake in two stages;
3) a drainage groove is dug and built at the outlet of the cofferdam, the length of the drainage groove is 100cm, the width is 60cm, the height is 40 cm, the double-row drainage pipes are led out from the drainage groove, and a detachable stainless steel screen (with honeycomb-shaped sieve holes with the diameter of 2 cm and 100 meshes) is arranged at the pipe openings of the double-row drainage pipes;
4) a plurality of sleeved fertilizing irrigation tools are obliquely embedded at the bottom of the foundation pit close to the cofferdam at an angle of 30 degrees, the plurality of sleeved fertilizing irrigation tools are uniformly distributed at intervals of 1.5m, and a plurality of sieve holes are distributed on the pipe wall of each sleeved fertilizing irrigation tool;
5) and filling water-absorbing expansion colloidal particles and a water-retaining agent in the set fertilization irrigation tool, periodically supplementing a rejuvenation rooting mixture in spring and autumn, and infiltrating into the rhizosphere of the ancient tree through sieve pores on the pipe wall of the set fertilization irrigation tool.
2. A set fertilization irrigation tool for restoring ecological environment of endangered ancient juniper, as shown in figures 4-1 and 4-2, is a double-layer structure formed by sleeving a stainless steel fertilization outer pipe 7 and a PVC fertilization inner pipe 8, wherein sieve holes 9 are uniformly distributed on the pipe walls of the stainless steel fertilization outer pipe and the PVC fertilization inner pipe; the opening of the stainless steel fertilization outer pipe is provided with a hinge opening type stainless steel pipe cover 10, the bottom of the PVC fertilization inner pipe is closed, the opening of the PVC fertilization inner pipe is provided with a pull ring 11, and the PVC fertilization inner pipe is filled with water absorption expansion colloidal particles, a water-retaining agent and a rejuvenation rooting mixture which is regularly applied.
The stainless steel fertilization outer tube is 10cm in diameter and 80cm in length, the distance between the tube wall and the top end is 20 cm downward, and honeycomb-shaped sieve holes with the diameter of 1.0cm and 200 meshes are formed; the length of the PVC fertilization inner pipe is 75cm, the diameter is 9cm, the distance from the pipe wall to the top end is 20 cm, and honeycomb-shaped sieve holes with the diameter of 0.6cm and 200 meshes are formed. Permeate through the honeycomb sieve mesh infiltration stainless steel fertilization outer tube of PVC fertilization inner tube pipe wall, then permeate again and locate to ancient trees rhizosphere, slowed down liquid infiltration speed to adapt to ancient trees's absorption characteristic.
3. A rejuvenation and rooting mixture for restoring the ecological environment of endangered ancient junipers, wherein the rejuvenation and rooting mixture is a liquid mixture of a slow-release rejuvenation fertilizer and a rooting agent; the liquid mixture in spring is: collecting decomposed leachate of Agrocybe aegerita and quail feces (the concentration of the decomposed leachate is 3 ° B (Baume degree)) and KH of 500ppm2PO4100ppm NAA, applied once every middle of 3, 4, 5 months; the liquid mixture in autumn is: collecting decomposed leachate of bean paste residue and goat feces (the concentration of the decomposed leachate is 3 ° B (Baume degree)) and 500ppm KH2PO450ppm IAA, applied once in each of the middle of the month of 9, 10 and 11 months; the weight ratio of the pine mushroom to the quail manure is 1:2, and the weight ratio of the broad bean paste residue to the goat manure is 1: 2.