CN111044506A - Method for detecting water content of aluminum phosphate dirt - Google Patents
Method for detecting water content of aluminum phosphate dirt Download PDFInfo
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- CN111044506A CN111044506A CN201911284311.4A CN201911284311A CN111044506A CN 111044506 A CN111044506 A CN 111044506A CN 201911284311 A CN201911284311 A CN 201911284311A CN 111044506 A CN111044506 A CN 111044506A
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/62—Systems in which the material investigated is excited whereby it emits light or causes a change in wavelength of the incident light
- G01N21/71—Systems in which the material investigated is excited whereby it emits light or causes a change in wavelength of the incident light thermally excited
- G01N21/73—Systems in which the material investigated is excited whereby it emits light or causes a change in wavelength of the incident light thermally excited using plasma burners or torches
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
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Abstract
The method for detecting the water content of the aluminum phosphate dirt comprises the following steps: s1, preparing aluminum phosphate pollution samples with different water contents on the insulated surfaces of the electrical equipment, and obtaining the water contents in the pollution samples; s2, irradiating each pollution sample by using a pulse laser beam, and obtaining plasma characteristic spectrum data of the pollution samples with different water contents; s3, establishing a calibration relation between the plasma characteristic spectrum data of the pollution samples with different water contents and the water contents of the pollution samples; s4, irradiating the insulating surface of the electrical equipment to be tested with the pulse laser beams with the same parameters to obtain the plasma characteristic spectrum data of the contaminants to be tested; and S5, determining the water content in the dirt on the insulating surface of the electrical equipment to be tested by utilizing the calibration relation according to the plasma characteristic spectrum data of the dirt to be tested. The invention can realize real-time, on-line and quick detection of the water content of aluminum phosphate dirt on the insulating surface of the electrical equipment, and effectively prevent serious accidents such as discharge, surface flashover and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a method for measuring the water content of dirt on the insulating surface of electrical equipment, in particular to a method for detecting the water content of dirt of aluminum phosphate.
Background
The pollution flashover refers to the phenomenon that in a humid environment, after the pollutants absorb water to form a conductive film, the insulation level of the insulation surface of the electrical equipment is reduced, and strong discharge occurs along the insulation surface. The pollution flashover is easy to cause the interruption of line power supply, which affects the safe operation of the power grid and causes the economic loss of society.
The operation environment of the insulator can influence the pollution type of the dirt on the surface of the insulator, 95% of equipment abnormal discharge phenomenon appears in a 500kV Gangcheng transformer substation in Zhanjiang city, Guangdong province after the transformer substation is put into operation, and researches show that the existence of hygroscopic pollution glucose and aluminum phosphate is the main reason of accidents. The aluminum phosphate pollution has lower initial discharge voltage and higher discharge intensity under unsaturated humidity. The traditional method for detecting the pollution on the surface of the insulator cannot detect the pollution components and the water content at present, a laboratory chemical method cannot meet the requirement of on-line monitoring, and manpower and material resources are consumed in the process of collecting the pollution.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention mainly aims to provide a method for detecting the water content of aluminum phosphate dirt, aiming at the defects of the traditional method, so as to detect the water content of aluminum phosphate dirt on the insulating surface of electrical equipment on line in real time and quickly and effectively prevent serious accidents such as discharge, flashover and the like.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the method for detecting the water content of the aluminum phosphate dirt comprises the following steps:
s1, preparing aluminum phosphate pollution samples with different water contents on the insulated surfaces of the electrical equipment, and obtaining the water contents in the pollution samples;
s2, irradiating each pollution sample by using a pulse laser beam by using a laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy method, and obtaining plasma characteristic spectrum data of the pollution samples with different water contents;
s3, establishing a calibration relation between the plasma characteristic spectrum data of the pollution samples with different water contents and the water contents of the pollution samples;
s4, irradiating the insulating surface of the electrical equipment to be tested with pulse laser beams with the same parameters by using a laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy method to obtain dirty plasma characteristic spectrum data of the insulating surface of the electrical equipment to be tested;
and S5, determining the water content in the dirt on the insulating surface of the electrical equipment to be tested by utilizing the calibration relation between the plasma characteristic spectrum data established in the step S3 and the water content of the dirt sample according to the plasma characteristic spectrum data of the dirt on the insulating surface of the electrical equipment to be tested.
Further:
in step S1, taking multiple pollution samples in the same environment from the site, and placing each pollution sample in constant temperature and humidity boxes with different humidity to fully absorb moisture; weighing the weight of the polluted sample after moisture absorption; drying the filth sample; weighing the weight of the dried filth sample; determining the weight of moisture in the insult sample; and calculating the weight percentage of the water content relative to the weight of the dried filth sample to obtain the water content.
In step S2, each block sample selects n test points, each test point is continuously impacted for m times at the frequency of 1Hz by using a pulse laser beam, then the results of the wavelength spectral lines corresponding to the plasma characteristic spectra of the n test points are averaged, and n and m are more than or equal to 5.
Before step S3, the plasma characteristic spectrum data is preprocessed, including removing interference of background spectrum, and normalizing characteristic element spectral lines.
The plasma characteristic spectral data comprises spectral line intensity, spectral line intensity ratio or plasma parameters of elements.
In step S3, according to the characteristic spectral line of phosphorus element and/or aluminum element, linear fitting is performed with the spectral line intensity of the element as an independent variable and the water content as a dependent variable to obtain the calibration relationship.
In step S3, according to the characteristic spectral lines of phosphorus and aluminum, linear fitting is performed with the intensity ratio of the phosphorus-aluminum spectral line as an independent variable and the water content as a dependent variable to obtain the calibration relationship.
In step S3, according to the plasma parameters of the phosphorus element and/or the aluminum element, linear fitting is performed with the plasma parameters of the elements as independent variables and the water content as dependent variables to obtain the calibration relationship.
The fitting method comprises univariate fitting, multivariate fitting and random forest.
The electrical equipment is an insulator.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
the invention provides a method for detecting the water content of aluminum phosphate dirt on the insulating surface of electrical equipment by utilizing a laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy technology, which comprises the steps of generating high-energy laser pulses, acting on the dirt on the insulating surface through an optical system, inducing the dirt on the insulating surface to generate plasma, collecting plasma spectra, and analyzing the water content of sample dirt by carrying out LIBS (laser induced breakdown spectroscopy) measurement on the dirt containing aluminum phosphate. The change of the water content of the sample can affect the shape and the temperature of the laser-induced plasma, so that the effective ablation area of the sample is changed, and the LIBS spectral data are also changed. Therefore, for aluminum phosphate contaminations with different water contents, when LIBS experimental parameters are unchanged, spectral signals obtained by laser ablation of the aluminum phosphate contaminations have differences, and by utilizing the characteristic, the calibration relation corresponding to the LIBS signal of the characteristic element in the aluminum phosphate contaminations and the water content is established, so that the measurement of the water content of the aluminum phosphate contaminations by the LIBS technology is realized.
Compared with the prior art, the detection method can be used for quickly and accurately detecting the water content of aluminum phosphate dirt on the insulating surface of the electrical equipment, such as the surface of an insulator, in real time and on line, so that the running state of the electrical equipment can be monitored more efficiently, more accurately and lower in cost, and serious accidents such as discharge, surface flashover and the like can be effectively prevented.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for detecting aluminum phosphate contaminant water content in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a full spectrum intensity plot of samples at different water contents.
FIG. 3 is a calibration curve of P I (213.51nm, 214.93nm, 253.58nm, 255.34nm) at 6 different water contents.
FIG. 4 is a plot of Al I (308.21nm, 309.26nm, 394.44nm, 396.13nm) calibration curves at 6 different water contents.
Detailed Description
The embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below. It should be emphasized that the following description is merely exemplary in nature and is not intended to limit the scope of the invention or its application.
The invention has the conception that the water content of aluminum phosphate dirt on the insulating surface of electrical equipment is detected by utilizing a laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy technology, the dirt on the insulating surface is induced to generate plasma by generating high-energy laser pulse and acting on the dirt on the insulating surface through an optical system, the plasma spectrum is collected, and the water content of the sample dirt can be analyzed by carrying out LIBS (laser induced breakdown spectroscopy) measurement on the dirt containing aluminum phosphate. The change of the water content of the sample can affect the shape and the temperature of the laser-induced plasma, so that the effective ablation area of the sample is changed, and the LIBS spectral data are also changed. Therefore, for aluminum phosphate contaminations with different water contents, when LIBS experimental parameters are unchanged, spectral signals obtained by laser ablation of the aluminum phosphate contaminations have differences, and by utilizing the characteristic, the calibration relation corresponding to the LIBS signal of the characteristic element in the aluminum phosphate contaminations and the water content is established, so that the measurement of the water content of the aluminum phosphate contaminations by the LIBS technology is realized.
Referring to fig. 1, in one embodiment, a method for detecting the water content of aluminum phosphate contamination comprises the following steps:
s1, preparing aluminum phosphate pollution samples with different water contents on the insulated surfaces of the electrical equipment, and obtaining the water contents in the pollution samples;
s2, irradiating each pollution sample by using a pulse laser beam by using a laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy method, and obtaining plasma characteristic spectrum data of the pollution samples with different water contents;
s3, establishing a calibration relation between the plasma characteristic spectrum data of the pollution samples with different water contents and the water contents of the pollution samples;
s4, irradiating the insulating surface of the electrical equipment to be tested with pulse laser beams with the same parameters by using a laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy method to obtain dirty plasma characteristic spectrum data of the insulating surface of the electrical equipment to be tested;
and S5, determining the water content in the dirt on the insulating surface of the electrical equipment to be tested by utilizing the calibration relation between the plasma characteristic spectrum data established in the step S3 and the water content of the dirt sample according to the plasma characteristic spectrum data of the dirt on the insulating surface of the electrical equipment to be tested.
Compared with the prior art, the detection method can be used for quickly and accurately detecting the water content of aluminum phosphate dirt on the insulating surface of the electrical equipment, such as the surface of an insulator, in real time and on line, so that the running state of the electrical equipment can be monitored more efficiently, more accurately and lower in cost, and serious accidents such as discharge, surface flashover and the like can be effectively prevented.
In a preferred embodiment, in step S1, multiple contamination samples in the same environment are taken from the site, and each contamination sample is placed in a constant temperature and humidity chamber with different humidity to fully absorb moisture; weighing the weight of the polluted sample after moisture absorption; drying the filth sample; weighing the weight of the dried filth sample; determining the weight of moisture in the insult sample; and calculating the weight percentage of the water content relative to the weight of the dried filth sample to obtain the water content.
In a preferred embodiment, in step S2, n test points are selected for each block sample, each test point is impacted with a pulsed laser beam m times at a frequency of 1Hz, and then the results of the wavelength spectrum lines corresponding to the plasma characteristic spectra of the n test points are averaged, wherein n and m are greater than or equal to 5.
In a preferred embodiment, step S3 is preceded by preprocessing the plasma characteristic spectrum data, including removing background spectrum interference and normalizing the characteristic element spectral lines.
In various embodiments, the plasma characteristic spectral data may include line intensities, line intensity ratios, or plasma parameters of the elements.
In some embodiments, in step S3, a linear fit is performed to obtain the scaling relationship based on the characteristic spectral lines of phosphorus and/or aluminum elements, with the spectral line intensity of the elements as the independent variable and the water content as the dependent variable.
In some embodiments, in step S3, a linear fit is performed to obtain the calibration relationship according to the characteristic spectral lines of phosphorus element and aluminum element, with the phosphorus-aluminum element spectral intensity ratio as an independent variable and the water content as a dependent variable.
In some embodiments, in step S3, a linear fit is performed to obtain the scaling relationship according to the plasma parameters of the phosphorus element and/or the aluminum element, with the plasma parameters of the elements as independent variables and the water content as dependent variables.
In some embodiments, the fitting methods include (but are not limited to) univariate fitting, multivariate fitting, random forest, and the like.
The principles, features and advantages of the present invention are further described below in conjunction with the following detailed description.
The schematic block diagram of the method for detecting hygroscopic filthy aluminum phosphate provided by the embodiment of the invention is shown in figure 1.
(1) Remote LIBS equipment device construction
The LIBS system is mainly composed of four parts: laser instrument, light path system, controller, spectrum appearance. By generating laser pulses with extremely high power density, the laser acts on the sample after being reflected and focused by the lens, and plasma can be generated on the surface of the aluminum phosphate polluted sample by induction instantly. By selecting proper laser energy, light receiving angle and spectrometer delay time, spectral signals with high signal-to-noise ratio and signal-to-back ratio can be obtained.
(2) Process of treatment
Six dirty samples in the same environment are taken from the site and are placed in constant temperature and humidity chambers with different humidity according to the local air humidity condition so as to fully absorb moisture. Moisture content is defined as the weight of moisture in the sample divided by the weight after oven drying. Before LIBS experiment, the water content of the sample is measured by using a balance, 5 test points are selected for each block sample to carry out the experiment, each test point continuously impacts for 5 times at the frequency of 1Hz, and then the results of LIBS spectra of the 5 test points corresponding to wavelength spectral lines are averaged. Fig. 2 shows the full spectral intensity of the samples at different water contents.
(3) Water content corresponds to LIBS signal
Preprocessing the spectrum data, removing the interference of a background spectrum, performing normalization processing, and analyzing LIBS spectrum parameters (spectral line intensity, relative standard deviation and signal-to-back ratio) to obtain the influence of the water content on the spectrum signal.
And (3) selecting appropriate analytical element spectral lines (phosphorus and aluminum) by using an NIST database, performing linear fitting by using the spectral line intensity as an independent variable and the water content of the sample as a dependent variable, and corresponding the spectral lines and the dependent variable. FIG. 3 shows the calibration curves for P I (213.51nm, 214.93nm, 253.58nm, 255.34nm) at 6 different water contents. FIG. 4 shows the calibration curves for Al I (308.21nm, 309.26nm, 394.44nm, 396.13nm) at 6 different water contents.
In addition to using the line intensities as arguments for the calibration curve, the arguments may also select the line intensity ratio, plasma parameters, etc. Fitting methods may include, but are not limited to, univariate fitting, multivariate fitting, random forest, etc. models.
(4) Actual measurement of a sample
Carrying out actual operation measurement under the same instrument parameter, and analyzing an LIBS signal of an actual sample according to the model; the condition of the contamination water content of the aluminum phosphate of the actual running sample can be known.
The background of the invention may contain background information related to the problem or environment of the present invention rather than the prior art described by others. Accordingly, the inclusion in the background section is not an admission of prior art by the applicant.
The foregoing is a more detailed description of the invention in connection with specific/preferred embodiments and is not intended to limit the practice of the invention to those descriptions. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various substitutions and modifications can be made to the described embodiments without departing from the spirit of the invention, and these substitutions and modifications should be considered to fall within the scope of the invention. In the description herein, references to the description of the term "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "preferred embodiments," "an example," "a specific example," or "some examples" or the like are intended to mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above are not necessarily intended to refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Furthermore, various embodiments or examples and features of different embodiments or examples described in this specification can be combined and combined by one skilled in the art without contradiction. Although embodiments of the present invention and their advantages have been described in detail, it should be understood that various changes, substitutions and alterations can be made herein without departing from the scope of the claims.
Claims (10)
1. The method for detecting the water content of aluminum phosphate dirt is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, preparing aluminum phosphate pollution samples with different water contents on the insulated surfaces of the electrical equipment, and obtaining the water contents in the pollution samples;
s2, irradiating each pollution sample by using a pulse laser beam by using a laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy method, and obtaining plasma characteristic spectrum data of the pollution samples with different water contents;
s3, establishing a calibration relation between the plasma characteristic spectrum data of the pollution samples with different water contents and the water contents of the pollution samples;
s4, irradiating the insulating surface of the electrical equipment to be tested with pulse laser beams with the same parameters by using a laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy method to obtain dirty plasma characteristic spectrum data of the insulating surface of the electrical equipment to be tested;
and S5, determining the water content in the dirt on the insulating surface of the electrical equipment to be tested by utilizing the calibration relation between the plasma characteristic spectrum data established in the step S3 and the water content of the dirt sample according to the plasma characteristic spectrum data of the dirt on the insulating surface of the electrical equipment to be tested.
2. The method for detecting hygroscopic contaminant aluminum phosphate as claimed in claim 1, wherein in step S1, multiple contaminant samples under the same environment are taken from the site, and each contaminant sample is placed in a constant temperature and humidity chamber with different humidity to fully absorb moisture; weighing the weight of the polluted sample after moisture absorption; drying the filth sample; weighing the weight of the dried filth sample; determining the weight of moisture in the insult sample; and calculating the weight percentage of the water content relative to the weight of the dried filth sample to obtain the water content.
3. The method for detecting hygroscopic contaminant aluminum phosphate as claimed in any one of claims 1-2, wherein in step S2, n test points are selected for each block sample, each test point is continuously impacted with a pulsed laser beam m times at a frequency of 1Hz, and then the results of the wavelength spectrum corresponding to the plasma characteristic spectrum of the n test points are averaged, wherein n, m is greater than or equal to 5.
4. The method of detecting hygroscopic contaminant aluminum phosphate of any of claims 1-3, wherein the pre-processing of the plasma characteristic spectrum data prior to step S3 comprises removing background spectrum interference and normalizing characteristic element spectra.
5. The method of detecting hygroscopic contaminant aluminum phosphate of any of claims 1 to 4, wherein the plasma characteristic spectral data comprises line intensities, line intensity ratios, or plasma parameters of an element.
6. The method of detecting hygroscopic contaminant aluminum phosphate as claimed in any of claims 1-5, wherein in step S3, a linear fit is performed based on the characteristic spectral lines of phosphorus and/or aluminum with the spectral line intensity of the element as the independent variable and the water content as the dependent variable to obtain the calibration relationship.
7. The method of detecting hygroscopic contaminant aluminum phosphate as claimed in any of claims 1-5, wherein in step S3, a linear fit is performed based on the characteristic lines of phosphorus and aluminum with the ratio of the phosphorus to aluminum line intensities as independent variables and the water content as dependent variables to obtain the calibration relationship.
8. The method of detecting hygroscopic contaminating aluminum phosphate as claimed in any of claims 1 to 5, wherein in step S3, a linear fit is performed based on the plasma parameters of phosphorus and/or aluminum with the plasma parameters of the elements as independent variables and the water content as dependent variables to obtain the scaling relationship.
9. The method of detecting hygroscopic contaminant aluminum phosphate of any of claims 6 to 8, wherein the method of fitting comprises univariate fitting, multivariate fitting, and random forest.
10. The method of detecting hygroscopic contaminant aluminum phosphate of any of claims 1-9, wherein the electrical device is an insulator.
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Cited By (2)
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| CN113791063A (en) * | 2021-08-23 | 2021-12-14 | 国网江西省电力有限公司电力科学研究院 | Method for detecting water content of silicone rubber |
| CN114047177A (en) * | 2021-11-04 | 2022-02-15 | 广东电网有限责任公司广州供电局 | Method for detecting water content of organic insulating material |
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Application publication date: 20200421 |