CN111020566A - Motor shaft gray cast iron end cover surface laser cladding modification method and application thereof - Google Patents
Motor shaft gray cast iron end cover surface laser cladding modification method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN111020566A CN111020566A CN201911334838.3A CN201911334838A CN111020566A CN 111020566 A CN111020566 A CN 111020566A CN 201911334838 A CN201911334838 A CN 201911334838A CN 111020566 A CN111020566 A CN 111020566A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C24/00—Coating starting from inorganic powder
- C23C24/08—Coating starting from inorganic powder by application of heat or pressure and heat
- C23C24/10—Coating starting from inorganic powder by application of heat or pressure and heat with intermediate formation of a liquid phase in the layer
- C23C24/103—Coating with metallic material, i.e. metals or metal alloys, optionally comprising hard particles, e.g. oxides, carbides or nitrides
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C19/00—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt
- C22C19/03—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel
- C22C19/05—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel with chromium
- C22C19/051—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel with chromium and Mo or W
- C22C19/055—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel with chromium and Mo or W with the maximum Cr content being at least 20% but less than 30%
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/04—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of laser cladding, and particularly discloses a surface laser cladding modification method for a motor shaft gray cast iron end cover and application thereof. The end cover is made of gray cast iron, an inner hole is formed in the end cover, a laser cladding layer is arranged at the contact matching position of the surface of the inner hole of the end cover and comprises a nickel base layer and a hard alloy layer, the nickel base powder layer is formed by cladding nickel base powder onto the surface of the end cover, and the hard alloy powder layer is formed by cladding hard alloy powder onto the surface of the nickel base powder layer; the thickness of the nickel base layer is 0.2-0.4 mm, and the thickness of the hard alloy layer is 0.7-0.9 mm. The laser cladding layer on the surface of the motor shaft gray cast iron end cover can improve the wear resistance, corrosion resistance, heat resistance, oxidation resistance and electrical characteristics of the motor shaft gray cast iron end cover, and the alloy layers are metallurgically bonded, so that the alloy layers are good in bonding property, not easy to fall off, long in service life and free of pollution in a laser cladding process.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of laser cladding, and particularly relates to a laser cladding modification method for the surface of a motor shaft gray cast iron end cover and application thereof.
Background
The end cover of the motor shaft is complex in shape, troublesome in machining and high in difficulty, and can only be prepared by casting. The end cover material is generally gray cast iron, and due to the performance of the material, the matching position of the bearing is easy to wear, and a hard chromium layer is generally added to the matching position by adopting an electroplating process, so that the service life of the part is prolonged.
However, in practical use, the addition of a hard chromium layer by an electroplating process has the following problems: 1. the density problem, the electroplated layer can not reach 100% density, so the surface has pinholes, and the rust and the blister can be induced under certain conditions, and finally the electroplated layer is peeled off; 2. the binding force problem is that once the surface of an electroplated layer is damaged, a large-area plated layer is peeled off due to electrochemical corrosion, and finally a workpiece fails; 3. environmental issues, hexavalent chromium being an ingestible poison/inhalation toxicant, skin contact may lead to sensitization; more likely to cause genetic defects, inhalation may be carcinogenic, and there is a persistent risk to the environment. These are characteristic of hexavalent chromium, however, chromium metal, trivalent or tetravalent chromium does not have these toxicities. In the european union, hexavalent chromium, which is carcinogenic or mutated, is not allowed for public marketing. Meanwhile, when the end cover is added with the hard chromium layer by adopting an electroplating process, the end cover is used as a plated part and enters process solution for surface treatment or electroplating, and the solution is attached to the surface of the plated part and is brought into cleaning water along with the plated part; in the process, the process solution brings great trouble to workers in the process: the process solution may spill to the ground; or the gas generated by the electrode reaction forms 'aerial fog' to be taken out and enter the exhaust system; or the plating solution is left on the filter element during filtering; or the plating solution leaks due to the damage of the plating tank and the pipeline; the plating solution is wasted and discarded; the acids, alkalis, cyanides, and heavy metal substances in the cleaning water, spray liquid, and mist can cause environmental pollution.
The laser cladding technology is a technological method for remarkably improving the wear resistance, corrosion resistance, heat resistance, oxidation resistance, electrical characteristics and the like of the surface of a base material by placing selected coating materials on the surface of a coated base body in different filling modes, simultaneously melting a thin layer on the surface of the base body through laser irradiation, and forming a surface coating which has extremely low dilution and is metallurgically combined with the base material after rapid solidification.
Meanwhile, when cladding is carried out on the surface of the gray cast iron, the carbon content is high, the high-temperature burning loss is serious, and gas generated at the bottom of a molten pool damages the molten pool and is extremely difficult to form. Therefore, the research on the application of the laser cladding technology in the preparation process of the surface coating of the gray cast iron end cover is significant.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the background art, the invention aims to provide a laser cladding modification method for the surface of a motor shaft gray cast iron end cover.
The invention also aims to provide an application of the motor shaft gray cast iron end cover surface laser cladding modification method to the motor shaft gray cast iron end cover surface.
The invention aims to be realized by the following technical scheme:
a motor shaft gray cast iron end cover surface laser cladding modification method is characterized in that an end cover material is gray cast iron, an inner hole is formed in the end cover, a laser cladding layer is formed by modifying the contact matching position of the surface of the inner hole of the end cover, the laser cladding layer comprises a nickel base layer and a hard alloy layer, a nickel base powder layer is formed by cladding nickel base powder to the surface of the end cover, and a hard alloy powder layer is formed by cladding hard alloy powder to the surface of the nickel base powder layer; the thickness of the nickel base layer is 0.2-0.4 mm, and the thickness of the hard alloy layer is 0.7-0.9 mm; the modified laser cladding layer is prepared by the following steps which are sequentially carried out:
s1, grinding the matched position of an end cover: carrying out turning machining on an inner hole at the matching position of the end cover to remove a defect fatigue layer;
s2, cover plate positioner clamping alignment: after clamping, aligning, wherein the center of the inner hole circle is coaxial with the center of the turntable of the positioner;
s3, cladding of a nickel-based layer: cladding a nickel base layer on the surface of the inner hole of the matching surface of the end cover by adopting a laser cladding process, wherein the nickel base layer is cladded in two layers, and a first cladding layer is metallurgically bonded with the base material part of the end cover; the second cladding layer is metallurgically bonded with the first cladding layer, preferably, the thickness of the first nickel-based layer is 0.1-0.2 mm, and the thickness of the second nickel-based layer is 0.2-0.3 mm;
s4, cladding of a hard alloy layer: cladding a third hard alloy layer on the second nickel-based layer by adopting a laser cladding process;
s5, turning the inner hole to the required precision.
The invention provides a motor shaft gray cast iron end cover surface laser cladding modification method, which creatively carries out laser cladding modification on the motor shaft gray cast iron end cover surface to form a laser cladding nickel-based powder layer and a hard alloy layer. Thereby remarkably improving the wear resistance, corrosion resistance, heat resistance, oxidation resistance and electrical appliance characteristics of the surface of the substrate material.
The invention creatively adopts the cladding layer as the surface melting layer of the motor shaft gray cast iron end cover, the density of the cladding layer after laser cladding can reach 100 percent, and the phenomenon that the melting layer is easy to peel off can not occur; the cladding layer and the surface of the workpiece are metallurgically bonded, but not the traditional mechanical bonding, the surface is damaged, and the damage cannot be diffused due to the metallurgical bonding, so that the repair can be carried out in time, and the service life of the part is ensured; meanwhile, the laser cladding process adopted by the invention is a green pollution-free process and has no harm to the environment and operators.
Further, the gray cast iron comprises the following components: w (c) 2.6% to 3.8%; w (si) 1.2% to 3.0%; w (mn) 0.4% to 1.2%; w (P) is less than or equal to 0.4 percent; w (S) is less than or equal to 0.15 percent.
Further, the hard alloy powder contains elements such as Si, Ni, Cr, Fe, Mo, C, Mn and the like; preferably, the components by mass percent are as follows:
0.2 percent of C; 0.75 percent of Si; 1.8 percent of Ni; cr 16 percent; mn is less than 1.0%; the balance of Fe.
Further, the nickel-based powder is spherical powder, has a particle size of 53-150 mu m, and contains elements such as Ni, C, Si, Fe, Cr, Mo, Nb and the like; preferably, the components by mass percent are as follows:
c is less than or equal to 0.03 percent; 0.4 percent of Si; 1.4 percent of Fe; 21.5 percent of Cr; 9.0 percent of Mo; 3.8 percent of Nb and the balance of Ni.
Further, the laser cladding process parameters are specifically as follows: laser power: 100-1000W; the diameter of the light spot: 0.5-5 mm; scanning linear velocity: 5-20 mm/s; positive defocusing; powder feeding speed: 2-10 g/min; no preheating is needed.
Further, in the step S3, the thickness of the first layer of nickel-based layer is 0.1-0.2 mm, and the thickness of the second layer of nickel-based layer is 0.2-0.3 mm.
Furthermore, in the step S4, the thickness of the third layer of hard alloy layer is 0.6-0.8 mm.
Further, step S4 further includes laser cladding a fourth hard alloy layer on the third hard alloy layer, preferably, the fourth hard alloy layer has a thickness of 0.6 to 0.8 mm.
The invention also discloses a motor shaft gray cast iron end cover, and the surface of the inner hole of the end cover is provided with the laser cladding layer on the surface of the motor shaft gray cast iron end cover.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the invention creatively carries out laser cladding modification on the surface of the gray cast iron, forms a laser cladding layer on the surface of the end cover, has high cladding layer density, simultaneously improves the hardness, the wear resistance and the corrosion resistance, can improve the wear resistance, the corrosion resistance, the heat resistance, the oxidation resistance and the electrical characteristics of the gray cast iron end cover of the motor shaft, and has good bonding property, difficult shedding, long service life and no pollution in the laser cladding process due to metallurgical bonding among the alloy layers.
(2) The invention provides an effective process method for the traditional gray cast iron hot working, and the laser cladding technology is used, so that in the laser processing process of the gray cast iron surface, the laser beam energy density is high, the processing speed is high, the local processing is realized, no or little influence is caused on the non-laser irradiation part, the heat affected area is small, and the subsequent processing amount is minimum when the workpiece is subjected to heat deformation.
(3) The invention creatively carries out laser cladding modification on the surface of the gray cast iron, the laser beam is easy to guide, focus and realize direction change, and is easy to be matched with a numerical control system and process complex workpieces, so the invention is a flexible processing method and can effectively solve the problem which cannot be solved by the conventional fusion welding method.
(4) The carbon content is high, the high-temperature burning loss is serious, and the gas generated at the bottom of the molten pool damages the molten pool and is extremely difficult to form when the molten pool is coated on the surface of the gray cast iron. The invention creates one or more layers of priming layers with smaller energy input and better wettability to play a role in isolating the surface layer from the base material, so that the surface layer molten pool is not influenced and the alloy layer with better final stroke is flawless and beautiful.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the gray cast iron end cover of the motor shaft according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of the position of the laser cladding head in the laser cladding process of step S3 in the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a flaw detection diagram of the motor shaft gray cast iron end cover machine after machining in example 1.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated by the following specific examples. The following examples are for illustrative purposes only and are not to be construed as limiting the invention. The raw materials and equipment used in the following examples are those conventionally used in the art unless otherwise specified.
The raw materials used in this example were as follows:
gray cast iron grade HT200, gray cast iron composition: w (c) 2.6% to 3.8%; w (si) 1.2% to 3.0%; w (mn) 0.4% to 1.2%; w (P) is less than or equal to 0.4 percent; w (S) is less than or equal to 0.15 percent.
The nickel-based powder has the composition shown in table 1.
TABLE 1
| Nickel base | C％ | Si％ | B％ | Fe％ | Cr％ | Remainder of | Mo％ | Nb％ | HRC | HV |
| In625 | ≤0.03 | 0.40 | ----- | 1.4 | 21.5 | Ni | 9.0 | 3.8 | 17 | 230 |
The compositions of the cemented carbide powders are shown in table 2.
TABLE 2
| Iron base | C％ | Si％ | Ni％ | Cr％ | Remainder of | Mo％ | Mn％ | HRC | HV |
| 431HC | 0.2 | 0.75 | 1.8 | 16 | Fe | ---- | ＜1.0 | 53 | 560 |
Example 1
The embodiment provides a motor shaft gray cast iron end cover surface laser cladding modification method and a motor shaft gray cast iron end cover with a laser cladding layer formed by the method.
The motor shaft gray cast iron end cover is shown in a schematic structure diagram in fig. 1, and comprises a motor shaft gray cast iron end cover main body 1 and an inner hole 2, wherein a laser cladding layer 3 is arranged on the surface of an end cover matching position (namely the upper part of the inner hole 2) of the inner hole 2.
The method for modifying the surface of the motor shaft gray cast iron end cover by laser cladding comprises the following steps:
s1, grinding the matched position of an end cover: turning the matching position of the inner hole of the end cover by a turning machine to remove the defect fatigue layer;
s2, cover plate positioner clamping alignment: after clamping, aligning, wherein the center of the inner hole circle is coaxial with the center of the turntable of the positioner;
s3, cladding of a nickel-based layer: and (3) cladding a nickel base layer on the surface of the inner hole of the matching surface of the end cover by adopting a laser cladding process, wherein the attached figure 2 is a schematic position diagram of a laser cladding head in the laser cladding process of the step S3. The nickel base layer is cladded in two layers, and the first cladding layer is metallurgically bonded with the end cover base material part; the second cladding layer is metallurgically bonded with the first cladding layer, and the thickness of the first nickel-based layer is 0.1mm, and the thickness of the second nickel-based layer is 0.2 mm.
S4, cladding of a hard alloy layer: cladding a third hard alloy layer on the second nickel-based layer by adopting a laser cladding process, and cladding a fourth hard alloy layer on the third hard alloy layer;
s5, turning the inner hole to the required precision.
The laser cladding process parameters in this embodiment include: the shielding gas is high-purity argon with the purity of 99.999 percent; the track pitch (the laser cladding surface is formed by spirally lapping a single track cladding surface, so that the lapping amount exists between the single track and the single track, which can also be expressed as the central distance between the single track and the single track), the laser power: p; the diameter of the light spot: 0.5-5 mm, slightly larger than the working surface coke breeze; scanning linear velocity: v; positive defocusing; powder feeding speed: 2-10 g/min; no preheating is needed.
The specific process parameters are shown in the following table 3:
TABLE 3
| Number of layers | P(W) | v(mm/s) | Out of focus | Amount of powder fed | Protective gas | Track spacing | Layer thickness | Powder of |
| 1 | 300 | 10 | 5 | 0.5 | 10 | 1 | 0.1 | In625 |
| 2 | 350 | 10 | 5 | 0.8 | 10 | 1 | 0.2 | In625 |
| 3 | 400 | 10 | 5 | 1.5 | 10 | 0.6 | 0.4 | 413HC |
| 4 | 450 | 10 | 5 | 1.5 | 10 | 0.6 | 0.4 | 413HC |
Example 2
The embodiment provides a motor shaft gray cast iron end cover surface laser cladding modification method and a motor shaft gray cast iron end cover with a laser cladding layer formed by the method.
The motor shaft gray cast iron end cover is shown in a schematic structure diagram in fig. 1, and comprises a motor shaft gray cast iron end cover main body 1 and an inner hole 2, wherein a laser cladding layer 3 is arranged on the surface of an end cover matching position (namely the upper part of the inner hole 2) of the inner hole 2.
The method for modifying the surface of the motor shaft gray cast iron end cover by laser cladding comprises the following steps:
s1, grinding the matched position of an end cover: turning the matching position of the inner hole of the end cover by a turning machine to remove the defect fatigue layer;
s2, cover plate positioner clamping alignment: after clamping, aligning, wherein the center of the inner hole circle is coaxial with the center of the turntable of the positioner;
s3, cladding of a nickel-based layer: and (3) cladding a nickel base layer on the surface of the inner hole of the matching surface of the end cover by adopting a laser cladding process, wherein the attached figure 2 is a schematic position diagram of a laser cladding head in the laser cladding process of the step S3. The nickel base layer is cladded in two layers, and the first cladding layer is metallurgically bonded with the end cover base material part; the second cladding layer is metallurgically bonded with the first cladding layer, and the thickness of the first nickel-based layer is 0.1mm, and the thickness of the second nickel-based layer is 0.2 mm.
S4, cladding of a hard alloy layer: cladding a third hard alloy layer on the second nickel-based layer by adopting a laser cladding process, and cladding a fourth hard alloy layer on the third hard alloy layer;
s5, turning the inner hole to the required precision.
The laser cladding process parameters in this embodiment include: the shielding gas is high-purity argon with the purity of 99.999 percent; the track pitch (the laser cladding surface is formed by spirally lapping a single track cladding surface, so that the lapping amount exists between the single track and the single track, which can also be expressed as the central distance between the single track and the single track), the laser power: p; the diameter of the light spot: 0.5-5 mm, slightly larger than the working surface coke breeze; scanning linear velocity: v; positive defocusing; powder feeding speed: 2-10 g/min; no preheating is needed.
The specific process parameters are shown in the following table 4:
TABLE 4
| Number of layers | P(W) | v(mm/s) | Out of focus | Amount of powder fed | Protective gas | Track spacing | Layer thickness | Powder of |
| 1 | 300 | 10 | 5 | 0.5 | 10 | 1 | 0.1 | In625 |
| 2 | 350 | 10 | 5 | 0.8 | 10 | 1 | 0.2 | In625 |
| 3 | 400 | 10 | 5 | 1.5 | 10 | 0.8 | 0.3 | 413HC |
Example 3
The embodiment provides a motor shaft gray cast iron end cover surface laser cladding modification method and a motor shaft gray cast iron end cover with a laser cladding layer formed by the method.
The motor shaft gray cast iron end cover is shown in a schematic structure diagram in fig. 1, and comprises a motor shaft gray cast iron end cover main body 1 and an inner hole 2, wherein a laser cladding layer 3 is arranged on the surface of an end cover matching position (namely the upper part of the inner hole 2) of the inner hole 2.
The method for modifying the surface of the motor shaft gray cast iron end cover by laser cladding comprises the following steps:
s1, grinding the matched position of an end cover: turning the matching position of the inner hole of the end cover by a turning machine to remove the defect fatigue layer;
s2, cover plate positioner clamping alignment: after clamping, aligning, wherein the center of the inner hole circle is coaxial with the center of the turntable of the positioner;
s3, cladding of a nickel-based layer: and (3) cladding a nickel base layer on the surface of the inner hole of the matching surface of the end cover by adopting a laser cladding process, wherein the attached figure 2 is a schematic position diagram of a laser cladding head in the laser cladding process of the step S3. The nickel base layer is cladded in two layers, and the first cladding layer is metallurgically bonded with the end cover base material part; the second cladding layer is metallurgically bonded with the first cladding layer, and the thickness of the first nickel-based layer is 0.1mm, and the thickness of the second nickel-based layer is 0.2 mm.
S4, cladding of a hard alloy layer: cladding a third hard alloy layer on the second nickel-based layer by adopting a laser cladding process, and cladding a fourth hard alloy layer on the third hard alloy layer;
s5, turning the inner hole to the required precision.
The laser cladding process parameters in this embodiment include: the shielding gas is high-purity argon with the purity of 99.999 percent; the track pitch (the laser cladding surface is formed by spirally lapping a single track cladding surface, so that the lapping amount exists between the single track and the single track, which can also be expressed as the central distance between the single track and the single track), the laser power: p; the diameter of the light spot: 0.5-5 mm, slightly larger than the working surface coke breeze; scanning linear velocity: v; positive defocusing; powder feeding speed: 2-10 g/min; no preheating is needed.
The specific process parameters are shown in the following table 5:
TABLE 5
| Number of layers | P(W) | v(mm/s) | Out of focus | Amount of powder fed | Protective gas | Track spacing | Layer thickness | Powder of |
| 1 | 300 | 10 | 5 | 0.5 | 10 | 1 | 0.1 | In625 |
| 2 | 350 | 10 | 5 | 0.8 | 10 | 1 | 0.2 | In625 |
| 3 | 450 | 10 | 5 | 1.5 | 10 | 0.4 | 0.8 | 413HC |
Comparative example 1
The embodiment provides a motor shaft gray cast iron end cover provided with an electroplated layer, which is commonly used in the market. The end cover has the same structure as the end cover in the embodiment 1, and is different from the end cover in that an inner hole at the matching position is provided with an electroplated hard chromium layer. This embodiment the end cover is a accessory of motor, is the bearing housing end cover of model JD156A motor, and is unanimous with the end cover type number in embodiment 1~ 3.
Test examples
The end caps in examples 1-3 and comparative example 1 were tested for service life, related performance and production index. Wherein, the service life test specifically is: the end covers in examples 1-3 and comparative example 1 were placed in motors, and used as accessory bearing chamber end covers of model JD156A motors, and the time required for scrapping was their service life.
Wherein, figure 3 is a post-machining flaw detection diagram of the motor shaft gray cast iron end cover shown in the embodiment 1.
The specific experimental results and related performance parameters of examples 1-3 and comparative example 1 are compared in Table 6 below.
TABLE 6
Claims (10)
1. The laser cladding modification method for the surface of the motor shaft gray cast iron end cover is characterized in that the end cover is made of gray cast iron, an inner hole is formed in the end cover, a laser cladding layer is formed by modifying the contact matching position of the surface of the inner hole of the end cover, the laser cladding layer comprises a nickel base layer and a hard alloy layer, a nickel base powder layer is formed by cladding nickel base powder to the surface of the end cover, and a hard alloy powder layer is formed by cladding hard alloy powder to the surface of the nickel base powder layer; the thickness of the nickel base layer is 0.2-0.4 mm, and the thickness of the hard alloy layer is 0.7-0.9 mm; the modified laser cladding layer is prepared by the following steps which are sequentially carried out:
s1, grinding the matched position of an end cover: carrying out turning machining on an inner hole at the matching position of the end cover to remove a defect fatigue layer;
s2, cover plate positioner clamping alignment: after clamping, aligning, wherein the center of the inner hole circle is coaxial with the center of the turntable of the positioner;
s3, cladding of a nickel-based layer: cladding a nickel base layer on the surface of the inner hole of the matching surface of the end cover by adopting a laser cladding process, wherein the nickel base layer is cladded in two layers, and a first cladding layer is metallurgically bonded with the base material part of the end cover; the second cladding layer is metallurgically bonded with the first cladding layer, preferably, the thickness of the first nickel-based layer is 0.1-0.2 mm, and the thickness of the second nickel-based layer is 0.2-0.3 mm;
s4, cladding of a hard alloy layer: cladding a third hard alloy layer on the second nickel-based layer by adopting a laser cladding process;
s5, turning the inner hole to the required precision.
2. The motor shaft gray cast iron end cover surface laser cladding modification method of claim 1, wherein the gray cast iron comprises the following components: w (C) =2.6% -3.8%; w (Si) =1.2% -3.0%; w (Mn) =0.4% -1.2%; w (P) is less than or equal to 0.4 percent; w (S) is less than or equal to 0.15 percent.
3. The motor shaft gray cast iron end cover surface laser cladding modification method of claim 1, wherein the hard alloy powder contains elements such as Si, Ni, Cr, Fe, Mo, C and Mn; preferably, the components by mass percent are as follows:
0.1% -0.5% of C; 0.5% -0.1% of Si; 1.5% -2.0% of Ni; 15% -20% of Cr; 0.8% -1.2% of Mn; the balance of Fe.
4. The motor shaft gray cast iron end cover surface laser cladding modification method of claim 1, wherein the nickel-based powder is spherical powder, has a particle size of 53-150 μm, and contains elements such as Ni, C, Si, Fe, Cr, Mo, Nb and the like; preferably, the components by mass percent are as follows:
c is less than or equal to 0.01-0.05%; 0.1% -0.5% of Si; 1.0% -1.5% of Fe; 20.0% -25% of Cr; 5.0% -10% of Mo; nb3.5% -4.0%, and the balance of Ni.
5. The motor shaft gray cast iron end cover surface laser cladding modification method of claim 1, characterized in that the laser cladding process parameters are specifically: laser power: 100-1000W; the diameter of the light spot: 0.5-5 mm; scanning linear velocity: 5-20 mm/s; positive defocusing; powder feeding speed: 2-10 g/min; no preheating is needed.
6. The motor shaft gray cast iron end cover surface laser cladding modification method of claim 1, characterized in that, in step S3, the thickness of the first nickel base layer is 0.1-0.2 mm, and the thickness of the second nickel base layer is 0.2-0.3 mm.
7. The motor shaft gray cast iron end cover surface laser cladding modification method of claim 1, wherein in step S4, the thickness of the third layer of hard alloy layer is 0.6-0.8 mm.
8. The method for modifying the surface of a motor shaft gray cast iron end cover by laser cladding as claimed in claim 1, wherein step S4 further comprises laser cladding a fourth hard alloy layer on the third hard alloy layer.
9. The motor shaft gray cast iron end cover surface laser cladding modification method of claim 8, wherein the thickness of the fourth layer of cemented carbide layer is 0.6-0.8 mm.
10. The application of the motor shaft gray cast iron end cover surface laser cladding modification method of any one of claims 1-9 to a motor shaft gray cast iron end cover.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201911334838.3A CN111020566A (en) | 2019-12-20 | 2019-12-20 | Motor shaft gray cast iron end cover surface laser cladding modification method and application thereof |
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| CN114892165A (en) * | 2022-06-05 | 2022-08-12 | 山西恒泰制动器股份有限公司 | Technological method for preparing brake disc surface coating through ultra-high-speed cladding and application of technological method |
| CN115161632A (en) * | 2022-07-11 | 2022-10-11 | 山东雷石智能制造股份有限公司 | Laser cladding modification method for cast iron engine cylinder cover and valve stem grinding surface |
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Application publication date: 20200417 |