CN111018593A - Preparation method of organic fertilizer based on waste animal hair - Google Patents
Preparation method of organic fertilizer based on waste animal hair Download PDFInfo
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- CN111018593A CN111018593A CN201911349606.5A CN201911349606A CN111018593A CN 111018593 A CN111018593 A CN 111018593A CN 201911349606 A CN201911349606 A CN 201911349606A CN 111018593 A CN111018593 A CN 111018593A
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- animal hair
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05C—NITROGENOUS FERTILISERS
- C05C9/00—Fertilisers containing urea or urea compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F1/00—Fertilisers made from animal corpses, or parts thereof
- C05F1/005—Fertilisers made from animal corpses, or parts thereof from meat-wastes or from other wastes of animal origin, e.g. skins, hair, hoofs, feathers, blood
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/20—Fertilizers of biological origin, e.g. guano or fertilizers made from animal corpses
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- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention discloses a preparation method of an organic fertilizer based on waste animal hair, which comprises the steps of modifying the organic fertilizer by hydrogen peroxide and urea, hydrolyzing the organic fertilizer by sodium hydroxide and sodium bisulfite, adjusting the pH of hydrolysate to be neutral by acetic acid, filtering, concentrating, fermenting by using a composite biological strain, and granulating by using soil to obtain the organic fertilizer based on waste animal hair hydrolysate. The method changes waste into valuable, realizes resource utilization, enlarges the range of the waste animal hair, and accords with the sustainable development concept. The fertilizer can be used for fertilizing various crops, plays a role in improving the soil structure and improving the fertilizer efficiency, and realizes resource utilization of waste animal hair.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of resource utilization of waste biomass, in particular to a preparation method of an organic fertilizer based on waste animal hair.
Background
The animal husbandry has important position and function in national economy of China. The animal husbandry can provide daily necessities such as meat, eggs, milk and the like for people, and can also produce byproducts such as skin, fur and the like. The most common hairs include pig hair, wool, cow hair, chicken hair, camel hair, duck hair and goose hair, and the annual yield reaches millions of tons (Liuyuan army, king snow swallow. application of feather keratin in textile dyeing and finishing. knitting industry, 2012, (11): 50-53.). If all the components can be reasonably utilized, the method brings more benefits to human beings. Wool, pig hair (bristles), duck hair (down), goose hair (down) and the like have been used in the wool spinning industry, the clothing industry and daily life, respectively. However, waste animal hair in the wool spinning industry, animal hair obtained by implementing a clean tanning technology and a large amount of animal hair existing in life are not fully utilized as waste animal hair, so that not only is the waste of biomass resources caused, but also the environment is polluted.
Animal hair contains abundant keratin, and can be used for extracting amino acids in medicine industry, synthesizing protein tanning agent and finishing agent in tanning industry, preparing regenerated protein fiber in textile industry, and preparing protein feed and organic fertilizer in agriculture.
Thermochemical treatment of Chicken feathers with various reducing agents, 2-mercaptoethanol, dithiothreitol, sodium metabisulfite and bisulfite, and sodium hydroxide, Izabela Sinkiewicz et al, extracts Keratin (Izabela Sinkiewicz, Agata S 'liwin' ska, Hanna St aroszczyk. alternative Methods of preference of Soluble Keratin from Chicken feather Feathers. Waste Biomass Valor, DOI10.1007/S12649-016 @ -9678-y.). Liu Meng, etc. adopt sodium hydroxide hydrolysis, hydrochloric acid hydrolysis, hydrogen peroxide hydrolysis, sodium sulfide hydrolysis and urea-mercaptoethanol hydrolysis to research the hydrolysis of waste cow hair (Liu Meng, Chenghaiming, cow hair hydrolysis and hydrolysate performance analysis, Chinese leather 2012,41(17): 27-31.). Roihoubo et al use urea-sodium metabisulfite reduction system to degrade waste pig hair for tanning to prepare keratin (Roihoubo, Chaiyuye leaf, Lanyujun. use waste pig hair for tanning to extract keratin. fine chemical, 2013,30(7):745, 747, 760.). Li Wenxin et al studied the process of extracting cystine with waste wool on the basis of predecessors (Li Wenxin, Weijunfa, Liaojun. study of extracting cystine with waste wool. food science, 2007,28(7): 260-. Compared with an industrial synthesis method, the hydrolysis method of the research has the advantages of low cost, simple method and higher extraction rate than a fermentation method, and is an economical and applicable scheme.
The method for preparing the protein filler by using the animal hair as the raw material can reduce the environmental pressure of the leather-making industry and increase the economic benefit, is a method for using the animal hair as the leather, and is simple and effective. Soaking the animal hair pretreated by water washing with inorganic acid for a certain time, washing with water, measuring pH to be neutral, and air drying. Then soaking in reducing agent solution and drying in the air, hydrolyzing with alkali solution for a certain time, adjusting pH at room temperature, filtering, concentrating and drying to obtain the finished product. The product has excellent performance and can reach the indexes of corresponding protein fillers (such as Living English, Liu billon, yellow sea light, and the like. A method for preparing the protein filler for leather making by using animal hair as a raw material. ZL200810044317. X). Hydrolyzing the feathers with alkaline liquor to obtain feather hydrolysate, and modifying the feather hydrolysate with acrylic acid to prepare the protein type retanning agent with excellent performance. The retanning agent is applied to a retanning procedure of chrome tanned leather, and can obviously improve the thickness, fullness and elongation of finished leather.
In the Yiyi method, cotton spinning equipment and wool spinning equipment are combined, a wool spinning weaving and dyeing and finishing process flow is adopted, key steps of processing processes such as raw material spinning property, rotor spinning, after-finishing wool washing, fluffing, fulling and the like are researched, a set of process technology and a quality control method suitable for batch production of waste wool fibers are explored, mechanical properties of produced yarns and fabrics are tested, and all properties can completely meet requirements for clothing.
The protein component in the wool hydrolysate contains a large amount of amino groups, and can perform condensation reaction with oleoyl chloride, and the reaction mechanism is as follows: the terminal amino group of amino acid or polypeptide is condensed with acyl chloride to generate peptide bond. Qiangxi et al use alkali to hydrolyze wool to obtain wool hydrolysate, concentrate the wool hydrolysate and react with oleoyl chloride to prepare protein type anionic surfactant with excellent surface activity (Qiangxi, Von Hongyan, Zhang Hui. use waste wool to prepare protein type surfactant, leather and chemical industry, 2010,27(6):6-8, 12.).
In addition, because animal hair is rich in keratin, waste animal hair is utilized to prepare organic fertilizer, the surface of the organic fertilizer is properly destroyed through alkali treatment, and the organic fertilizer is dried and mechanically crushed to prepare a novel organic fertilizer, so that plants grow vigorously (Zhangbenmin, single aspiration, ChengZhijun. manufacture of novel organic fertilizer of hair powder, leather science and engineering, 2016,26(2): 50-55).
Therefore, the method for treating the waste animal hair achieves good effect in the prior art. However, these methods have not been satisfactory for various reasons, and thus cannot achieve the purpose of resource utilization.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide a preparation method of an organic fertilizer based on waste animal hair, aiming at the defects of the prior art, so as to meet the requirement and the purpose of resource utilization.
The organic fertilizer based on the waste animal hair hydrolysate is obtained by modifying hydrogen peroxide and urea, hydrolyzing the modified organic fertilizer by sodium hydroxide and sodium bisulfite, adjusting the pH of the hydrolysate to be neutral by acetic acid, filtering, concentrating, fermenting by adopting composite biological strains, and granulating by mixing with soil.
The organic fertilizer can be used for fertilizing various crops, plays a role in improving the soil structure and improving the fertilizer efficiency, and realizes the resource utilization of waste animal hair.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a preparation method of an organic fertilizer based on waste animal hair comprises the following steps:
1) denaturation of waste animal hair
Placing the waste animal hair in water, heating to 70-80 ℃, adding hydrogen peroxide and urea, and reacting for 60-90 min;
2) hydrolysis
Heating the denatured waste animal hair to 70-80 ℃, adding sodium hydroxide to react for 60-90 minutes, then adding sodium bisulfite to react for 60-90 minutes, finally adjusting the pH value to 6-7 by using acetic acid, and filtering;
3) hydrolysis
Concentrating the hydrolysis filtrate to a concentration of 60-80%;
4) biological fermentation
Heating the concentrated solution to 40 ℃, adding neutral protease with the solid content of 0.15 percent and pancreatin with the solid content of 0.15 percent according to the weight, and reacting for 150-180 minutes;
5) granulating
And adding loess into the biological fermentation concentrated solution, uniformly stirring, and granulating by using a granulator to obtain the organic fertilizer based on the waste animal hair.
Further, the components in the step (1) are as follows by weight: 100 parts of waste animal hair, 800-1000 parts of water, 40-60 parts of hydrogen peroxide and 20-30 parts of urea.
The hydrogen peroxide is industrial hydrogen peroxide with the content of 30 percent, and the nitrogen content of the urea is 40 to 46 percent.
Further, the components in the step (2) are as follows by weight: 10-20 parts of sodium hydroxide, 10-20 parts of sodium bisulfite and 20-30 parts of acetic acid.
Further, in the step (3), an external circulation vacuum concentrator is used for concentrating by adopting an external heating natural circulation and negative pressure evaporation method.
Furthermore, the activity of the neutral protease and the activity of the pancreatin in the step (4) are both 10 ten thousand u/g.
Further, the step (5) comprises the following components in parts by weight: 1000 parts of biological fermentation concentrated solution and 400-600 parts of loess.
The waste animal hair is any one of waste animal hair in wool spinning industry, leather making industry and other industries.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1) the waste animal hair in the wool spinning industry, the tanning industry and other industry enterprises and living is treated and manufactured into the organic fertilizer, the waste is changed into valuable, the resource utilization is realized, the range of the waste animal hair is expanded, and the new development concept of innovation, coordination, green, openness and sharing at present is met.
2) The waste animal hair is treated by hydrogen peroxide and urea, so that the denaturation of the waste animal hair is realized, and the subsequent hydrolysis operation is facilitated.
3) The three-effect energy-saving external circulation vacuum concentrator is adopted to concentrate the mixture into the concentration of 60 to 80 percent by adopting an external heating type natural circulation and negative pressure evaporation method; .
4) And (3) fermenting the waste animal hair hydrolysate by using the complex enzyme to release more organic nitrogen.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to specific embodiments of the present invention, and it should be understood that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1
1) Denaturation of waste animal hair
Taking 100 parts of waste animal hair, placing the waste animal hair in a reaction kettle with the capacity of 1.0T, then adding 800 parts of water, heating to 70 ℃, then adding 40 parts of hydrogen peroxide and 20 parts of urea, and reacting for 60 minutes;
2) hydrolysis
Heating the reaction kettle filled with the denatured waste animal hair to 70 ℃, then adding 10 parts of sodium hydroxide, and reacting for 60 minutes. Then adding 10 parts of sodium bisulfite, reacting for 60 minutes, finally adjusting the pH value to 6 by using 20 parts of acetic acid, and filtering;
3) concentrating
Taking 1000 parts of hydrolysis filtrate, and concentrating the hydrolysis filtrate into 60% concentration by an external circulation vacuum concentrator by adopting an external heating natural circulation and negative pressure evaporation method;
4) biological fermentation
Taking 1000 parts of concentrated solution, heating to 40 ℃, adding neutral protease with the solid content of 0.15 percent and pancreatin with the solid content of 0.15 percent, and reacting for 150 minutes;
5) granulating
And taking 1000 parts of the biological fermentation concentrated solution, adding 400 parts of loess, uniformly stirring, and granulating by using a granulator to obtain the organic fertilizer based on the waste animal hair.
Example 2
1) Denaturation of waste animal hair
Taking 100 parts of waste animal hair, placing the waste animal hair in a reaction kettle with the capacity of 1.0T, then adding 1000 parts of water, heating to 80 ℃, then adding 60 parts of hydrogen peroxide and 30 parts of urea, and reacting for 90 minutes;
4) hydrolysis
And heating the reaction kettle filled with the denatured waste animal hair to 80 ℃, adding 20 parts of sodium hydroxide, and reacting for 90 minutes. Then adding 20 parts of sodium bisulfite, reacting for 90 minutes, finally adjusting the pH to 7 by 30 parts of acetic acid, and filtering;
3) concentrating
Taking 1000 parts of hydrolysis filtrate, and concentrating the hydrolysis filtrate into 80% concentration by an external circulation vacuum concentrator by adopting an external heating natural circulation and negative pressure evaporation method;
4) biological fermentation
Taking 1000 parts of concentrated solution, heating to 40 ℃, adding neutral protease with the solid content of 0.15 percent and pancreatin with the solid content of 0.15 percent, and reacting for 180 minutes;
5) granulating
And (3) adding 600 parts of loess into 1000 parts of the biological fermentation concentrated solution, uniformly stirring, and granulating by using a granulator to obtain the organic fertilizer based on the waste animal hair.
Example 3
1) Denaturation of waste animal hair
Taking 100 parts of waste animal hair, placing the waste animal hair in a reaction kettle with the capacity of 1.0T, then adding 900 parts of water, heating to 75 ℃, then adding 50 parts of hydrogen peroxide and 25 parts of urea, and reacting for 75 minutes;
hydrolysis
And heating the reaction kettle filled with the denatured waste animal hair to 75 ℃, adding 15 parts of sodium hydroxide, and reacting for 75 minutes. Then adding 150 parts of sodium bisulfite, reacting for 75 minutes, finally adjusting the pH to 6.5 by using 25 parts of acetic acid, and filtering;
3) concentrating
Taking 1000 parts of hydrolysis filtrate, and concentrating the hydrolysis filtrate into a concentration of 70% by an external circulation vacuum concentrator by adopting an external heating natural circulation and negative pressure evaporation method;
4) biological fermentation
Taking 1000 parts of concentrated solution, heating to 40 ℃, adding neutral protease with the solid content of 0.15 percent and pancreatin with the solid content of 0.15 percent, and reacting for 165 minutes;
5) granulating
And taking 1000 parts of the biological fermentation concentrated solution, adding 500 parts of loess, uniformly stirring, and granulating by using a granulator to obtain the organic fertilizer based on the waste animal hair.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (7)
1. A preparation method of an organic fertilizer based on waste animal hair is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) placing the waste animal hair in water, heating to 70-80 ℃, adding hydrogen peroxide and urea for reaction, and performing denaturation;
2) heating the denatured waste animal hair to 70-80 ℃, adding sodium hydroxide for reaction, then adding sodium bisulfite for reaction, finally adjusting the pH value to 6-7 by using acetic acid, and filtering;
3) concentrating the filtrate to 60-80%;
4) heating the concentrated solution to 40 ℃, adding neutral protease with the solid content of 0.15 percent and pancreatin with the solid content of 0.15 percent according to the weight, and reacting for 150-180 minutes;
5) and adding loess into the biological fermentation concentrated solution, uniformly stirring, and granulating by using a granulator to obtain the organic fertilizer based on the waste animal hair.
2. The method for preparing the organic fertilizer based on the waste animal hair as claimed in claim 1, wherein the components in the step (1) are as follows by weight: 100 parts of waste animal hair, 800-1000 parts of water, 40-60 parts of hydrogen peroxide and 20-30 parts of urea.
3. The preparation method of the organic fertilizer based on the waste animal hair as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that the hydrogen peroxide is industrial hydrogen peroxide with a content of 30%, and the nitrogen content of the urea is 40% -46%.
4. The method for preparing organic fertilizer based on waste animal hair according to claim 1, wherein the components in the step (2) are as follows by weight: 10-20 parts of sodium hydroxide, 10-20 parts of sodium bisulfite and 20-30 parts of acetic acid.
5. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the step (3) of concentrating the organic fertilizer by using an external circulation vacuum concentrator through an external heating natural circulation method and a negative pressure evaporation method.
6. The method for preparing organic fertilizer based on waste animal hair as claimed in claim 1, wherein the activities of neutral protease and pancreatin in step (4) are 10 ten thousand u/g.
7. The method for preparing organic fertilizer based on waste animal hair as claimed in claim 1, wherein the step (5) comprises the following steps by weight: 1000 parts of biological fermentation concentrated solution and 400-600 parts of loess.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN111960896A (en) * | 2020-08-27 | 2020-11-20 | 吉林农业大学 | Method for preparing organic fertilizer from waste livestock hair |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN111960896A (en) * | 2020-08-27 | 2020-11-20 | 吉林农业大学 | Method for preparing organic fertilizer from waste livestock hair |
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Application publication date: 20200417 |
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