CN111018493A - Over-kiln celadon decorative mud scribing skill and decorative vessel manufactured by using the skill - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a over-kiln celadon decorative mud scribing skill and a decorative vessel manufactured by the skill, the over-kiln celadon decorative mud scribing skill comprises blank making, mud blank biscuiting, decorative mud spraying, pattern removing, glazing and firing, wherein a layer of decorative mud is sprayed on the biscuited mud blank and the pattern removing is carried out to form a three-dimensional decorative pattern, and then glaze spraying and glaze firing are carried out.

Description

Over-kiln celadon decorative mud scribing skill and decorative vessel manufactured by using the skill

Technical Field

The invention relates to a celadon manufacturing process, in particular to a carving skill of over-kiln celadon decorative mud with clear patterns and distinct layers and a decorative vessel manufactured by the skill.

Background

The over-kiln porcelain is mainly used for producing the celadon, the main production place is the ancient over-ground (Ningshao plain belt in east of Zhejiang today), the Tang Dynasty is called the over-state, the over-kiln porcelain is named after the over-kiln porcelain is continuously fired from east Han to south Song for more than one thousand years, the over-kiln porcelain is developed through the processes of wounding, development, vessel flourishing and fading, the over-kiln porcelain is a kiln system with the longest duration and the widest influence range in China, the over-kiln celadon has fine and smooth body and bright glaze color, and has the traditional decoration methods of scratching, engraving, stacking, pasting, brown coloring, hollowing and the like, the common decorations are flowers and birds, waterweeds, characters and the like, the lines are smooth and concise, and the fine and vivid, and the over-ancient ceramic firing classic in China.

The over-kiln mud blank has higher content of the purple gold soil, the fired color is deep, the over-kiln decoration method is most common in that the mud blank is directly engraved with patterns, scribed with patterns and glazed for firing, and the pattern has the disadvantages of fuzzy pattern gradation, unobvious appearance and slightly monotonous style due to darker ground color.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention mainly solves the technical problems of fuzzy pattern gradation, less obvious appearance and monotonous style of the conventional over-kiln decoration method; provides a carving skill of over-kiln celadon decorative mud with clear grain patterns and clear layers and a decorative vessel manufactured by the skill.

In order to solve the technical problems, the invention mainly adopts the following technical scheme:

the invention relates to a carving technology of over-kiln celadon decorative mud, which comprises the following steps:

preparing a blank, namely refining the mud blank, forming, trimming and drying in the shade to form the mud blank;

biscuit firing, namely placing the adobe into a kiln for biscuit firing, and naturally cooling the adobe in the kiln after biscuit firing;

spraying decorative mud, spraying decorative mud slurry on the biscuit after biscuit firing, and drying in the shade to form a blank body;

removing the patterns, drawing the patterns on the surface of the blank, carving out the outline, removing the decorative mud outside the patterns, exposing the mud blank under the decorative mud layer and forming the three-dimensional patterns;

glazing, namely spraying kiln-crossing glaze on the surface of the blank after removing the patterns;

and sintering, namely sintering the glazed blank at high temperature and naturally cooling to form a finished product.

Preferably, the step (a)

The content of the purple gold soil in the mud blank is 60-70%, and the purple gold soil with a higher proportion is adopted, so that the finished product presents a darker ground color after being fired, and generates a larger contrast with the bluish white presented by the surface pattern of the decorative mud, the decorative pattern is clear and bright, the layering sense is prominent, and the artistic effect is stronger.

Preferably, the step (a)

The decorative mud material is white porcelain mud which is infiltrated into about 10 to 25 weight percent

Uniformly stirring the kiln-crossing glaze, and mixing the kiln-crossing glaze with clear water according to the weight ratio of 1: 4-6 proportion to form slurry, and a little glaze material can increase the adhesion degree of the decorative slurry material to make the surface of the blank smooth and fine.

Preferably, the white porcelain clay is filtered by a sieve of 200 meshes or above and is subjected to iron absorption treatment to remove metal impurities, the white porcelain clay is prepared by mixing feldspar, quartz and kaolin in proportion, the particles are sufficiently fine after the white porcelain clay is screened by the sieve of 200 meshes, iron points on the surface of a finished product after sintering can be avoided after iron absorption, and the quality of the finished product is improved.

Preferably, the thickness of the decorative mud slurry layer is 0.7-0.8mm, the layering sense is insufficient when the slurry layer is too thin, and the decorative mud slurry layer is easy to collapse in the scribing process when the slurry layer is too thick, so that the shaving quality is reduced.

Preferably, the step (a)

The thickness of the over-kiln glaze material is 1.5-2.5 mm.

Preferably, the step (a)

The biscuiting temperature is controlled at 750-800 ℃, the biscuiting time is 4-5 hours, and the surface of the biscuited mud blank is not easy to deform and lose shape when decorative mud with high water content is sprayed on the surface of the biscuited mud blank.

Preferably, the step (a)

The sintering process comprises the following steps:

a. the blank is loaded into a kiln;

b. the kiln is fired by oxidizing flame and gradually heated to 850-1000 ℃, the moisture in the green body and the kiln is removed, the temperature rise speed in the kiln is 3-5 ℃/min, the firing time is 3-5.5h, the heat preservation is carried out for 1-1.5h,

meanwhile, the temperature difference in the kiln is kept uniform and controlled within +/-10 ℃;

c. firing by adopting weak reducing flame and gradually heating, wherein the heating speed is controlled to be 2-3 ℃/min, and the firing time is about 1 h;

d. adopting strong reduction to continue firing until the firing temperature is about 1250-1300 ℃, controlling the temperature rise speed to be 2-3 ℃/min, preserving the heat for 1-1.5h after firing, and extinguishing;

e. finally, naturally cooling to normal temperature in the kiln;

the firing process adopts the time-sharing firing process of an oxidizing atmosphere section and a reducing atmosphere section, and utilizes the strong and weak transformation and the temperature rise speed control in the reducing atmosphere section to ensure that the firing temperature finally reaches the design temperature, thereby not only ensuring higher firing temperature, but also overcoming the problem that mud blanks, decorative mud and glaze with different characteristics are easy to generate cracks, bubbles, pinholes and black spots when being fired simultaneously, effectively improving the yield, ensuring that the kiln-crossing celadon decorative ware is slightly yellow in the blue, and reproducing the antique characteristics of ancient kiln-crossing products.

The over-kiln celadon decorating vessel is manufactured by the over-kiln celadon decorating mud scribing manufacturing technology.

The invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention is created by the pioneer of the Guishan kiln, the master of Chinese arts and crafts, and the national-level non-material cultural heritage (over-the-kiln celadon firing skill) and typically inherits Qi tin-rich master through the long-year over-the-kiln celadon creation practice, breaks through the historically traditional over-the-kiln celadon decoration technique, overcomes the difficulty of simultaneously firing a plurality of materials of mud blank, decoration mud and over-the-kiln glaze, firstly applies the decoration mud to the modern over-the-kiln celadon creation, utilizes the bright color of the decoration mud to make the glaze appear light cyan after firing, can clearly and convexly display the decoration pattern under the background color of dark cyan, and is well-arranged.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a photograph of a porcelain vessel made by the present invention.

Detailed Description

The technical scheme of the invention is further specifically described by the following embodiments and the accompanying drawings.

Example (b): the engraving technology of the over-kiln celadon decorative mud comprises the following steps:

the method comprises the following steps of (1) preparing a blank, filtering and refining a mud blank, removing impurities and internal air to compact and moisten the mud blank, forming, trimming and drying in the shade to form the mud blank, wherein the content of the purple gold soil in the mud blank is 60-70%, so that the mud blank presents a darker ground color after being fired and is more contrastive with a bluish white presented by decorative mud, and the artistic effects of clear and bright glaze and well-arranged layers are achieved;

biscuit firing, namely placing the mud blank into a kiln for biscuit firing, wherein the biscuit firing temperature is controlled to be 750-800 ℃, the biscuit firing time is 4.5 hours, the biscuit is naturally cooled to room temperature in the kiln after biscuit firing, the mechanical strength of the biscuit after biscuit firing is higher, the surface cannot be infiltrated and cracked due to subsequent spraying of decorative mud, and the surface of the biscuit is not easy to damage;

spraying decorative mud, spraying a layer of decorative mud material on a biscuit after biscuit firing by using a spray gun, wherein the thickness of the decorative mud material is 0.7-0.8mm, forming a blank body after drying in the shade, uniformly mixing the decorative mud material with kiln-crossing glaze material which is infiltrated into about 20% by weight of white porcelain mud, and then mixing the decorative mud material with clear water according to the weight part of 1: 5, a small amount of over-kiln glaze is infiltrated into the slurry to increase the adhesion degree, and the slurry is not easy to crack due to the fact that the slurry is close to the shrinkage rate of the inner layer mud blank and the surface layer glaze when the slurry is fired at high temperature, wherein the white porcelain clay is filtered by a 200-mesh screen and subjected to iron absorption treatment to remove metal impurities, so that the slurry is uniform and fine, no iron point defect exists after the slurry is fired, the decorative mud slurry with proper thickness can ensure that a decorative pattern has high hierarchical feeling, and the decorative mud slurry is not easy to crack when in scribing;

removing patterns, adding appropriate amount of water into yellow bamboo ash, dipping with a writing brush to draw patterns on the surface of the blank, carving with a sharp-pointed cutting tool to obtain the outlineRemoving the decorative mud outside the pattern, exposing mud blanks below the decorative mud layer and forming a three-dimensional pattern, wherein a tool tip and a tread keep about 30-45 degrees when the outline is scribed, so that the tread decorative mud layer is prevented from cracking, yellow slight gray is natural and harmless, no tracing trace is left under high-temperature firing, and a writing brush head is soft and does not damage the tread;

glazing, namely spraying a layer of kiln-crossing glaze with the thickness of about 2mm on the surface of the blank after removing the patterns;

sintering, namely sintering the glazed blank at high temperature and naturally cooling to form a finished product;

the above steps

The sintering process comprises the following steps:

a. putting the glazed blank into a kiln;

b. the inside of the kiln is fired by oxidizing flame and is gradually heated to 980 ℃, moisture in the green body and the inside of the kiln is removed, the heating speed in the kiln is about 5 ℃/min, the firing time is about 3.5h, the temperature is kept for 1h, meanwhile, the temperature difference in the kiln is kept uniform and is controlled within +/-10 ℃, so that each layer of the green body is uniformly heated, and moisture and impurities are fully removed;

c. firing by adopting weak reducing flame and gradually heating, wherein the heating speed is controlled to be about 1 ℃/min, and the firing time is about 1 h;

d. turning to strong reducing flame, continuously firing until the temperature is about 1280 ℃, controlling the heating rate at 2 ℃/min, preserving the heat for 1.5h after firing, and stopping firing;

e. finally, the finished product is naturally cooled to normal temperature in a kiln;

when the temperature is about 1000 ℃ and the atmosphere is changed from weak reducing atmosphere to strong reducing atmosphere, the accurate control precision ensures the firing rate of the multilayer blank.

The over-kiln celadon decorative vessel 'Liuhe Tongchun' shown in figure 1 is manufactured by the over-kiln celadon decorative mud scribing technology.

The over-kiln celadon decorative vessel 'six cranes and all in one spring' has the characteristics of fine and smooth blank quality and green and bright glaze color, and light blue decorative patterns of the over-kiln celadon are clear and bright and well-arranged under dark blue background color, and have innovative artistic style, unique artistic effect of luxury and beauty and ancient over-kiln characteristic.

The present invention has been described in terms of exemplary embodiments and embodiments, and it is not intended to be limited to the exemplary embodiments, but rather, to the exemplary embodiments, and it is to be understood that various changes, modifications, additions and substitutions in form and detail, which may be made by those skilled in the art within the spirit and scope of the invention, are intended to be included therein.

Claims (9)

1. The utility model provides a kiln-crossing celadon decorates mud ruling skill which characterized in that: the technique comprises the steps of:

preparing a blank, namely refining the mud blank, forming, trimming and drying in the shade to form the mud blank;

biscuit firing, namely placing the adobe into a kiln for biscuit firing, and naturally cooling the adobe in the kiln after biscuit firing;

spraying decorative mud, spraying decorative mud slurry on the biscuit after biscuit firing, and drying in the shade to form a blank body;

removing pattern, drawing pattern on the surface of blank, carving outline, removing decoration outside patternMud, exposing the mud blank under the decorative mud layer and forming a three-dimensional pattern;

glazing, namely spraying kiln-crossing glaze on the surface of the blank after removing the patterns;

and sintering, namely sintering the glazed blank at high temperature and naturally cooling to form a finished product.

2. The over-the-kiln celadon decorative mud scribing skill of claim 1, wherein: said step (c) is

The content of the purple gold clay in the mud blank is 60 to 70 percent.

3. The over-the-kiln celadon decorative mud scribing skill of claim 1, wherein: said step (c) is

The decorative mud slurry is prepared by uniformly mixing 10-25 wt% of over-kiln glaze material infiltrated into white porcelain clay, and then mixing the mixture with clear water according to the weight ratio of 1: 4-6, mixing and stirring to form slurry.

4. The over-the-kiln celadon decorative mud scoring skill of claim 3, wherein: the white porcelain

The mud is filtered by a sieve with more than 200 meshes and is treated by iron absorption to remove metal impurities.

5. The over-the-kiln celadon decorative mud scribing skill of claim 1, wherein: the steps are

Method for preparing a Chinese medicinal composition

The spraying thickness of the over-kiln glaze in (1) is 1.5-2.5 mm.

6. The over-the-kiln celadon decorative mud scoring technique of claim 1 or 3 or 4 or 5, wherein: the thickness of the decorative slurry layer is 0.7-0.8 mm.

7. The over-the-kiln celadon decorative mud scribing skill of claim 1, wherein: said step (c) is

The bisque firing temperature is controlled between 750 ℃ and 800 ℃, and the bisque firing time is 4-5 hours.

8. The over-the-kiln celadon decorative mud scoring technique of claim 1, wherein the step of scoring is performed by a laser

The sintering process comprises the following steps:

a. putting the glazed blank into a kiln;

b. the kiln is fired by oxidizing flame and gradually heated to 850-1000 ℃, the moisture in the green body and the kiln is removed, the temperature rise speed in the kiln is 3-5 ℃/min, the firing time is 3-5.5h, the heat preservation is carried out for 1-1.5h,

meanwhile, the temperature difference in the kiln is kept uniform and controlled within +/-10 ℃;

c. firing by adopting weak reducing flame and gradually heating, wherein the heating speed is controlled to be 2-3 ℃/min, and the firing time is about 1 h;

d. adopting strong reduction to continue firing until the firing temperature is about 1250-1300 ℃, controlling the temperature rise speed to be 2-3 ℃/min, preserving the heat for 1-1.5h after firing, and extinguishing;

and finally, naturally cooling to normal temperature in the kiln.

9. The utility model provides a ware is decorated to porcelain over kiln which characterized in that: made by the over-the-kiln celadon decorative mud scribing technique of any one of claims 1 to 8.

Images