CN111016623A - 混合动力变速驱动桥 - Google Patents

混合动力变速驱动桥 Download PDF

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CN111016623A
CN111016623A CN201910951519.0A CN201910951519A CN111016623A CN 111016623 A CN111016623 A CN 111016623A CN 201910951519 A CN201910951519 A CN 201910951519A CN 111016623 A CN111016623 A CN 111016623A
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gear
axis
fixedly coupled
countershaft
traction motor
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大卫·艾伦·詹森
杰弗里·爱德华·毛雷尔
大卫·戈恩·吴
布鲁斯·格兰斯特伦
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Ford Global Technologies LLC
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Ford Global Technologies LLC
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/42—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
    • B60K6/44—Series-parallel type
    • B60K6/445—Differential gearing distribution type
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
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    • B60K6/54—Transmission for changing ratio
    • B60K6/547—Transmission for changing ratio the transmission being a stepped gearing
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    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
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    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/36—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the transmission gearings
    • B60K6/365—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the transmission gearings with the gears having orbital motion
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/26—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the motors or the generators
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/40—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the assembly or relative disposition of components
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H3/00—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion
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    • F16H3/724—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion using gears having orbital motion with a secondary drive, e.g. regulating motor, in order to vary speed continuously using external powered electric machines
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    • F16H3/727—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion using gears having orbital motion with a secondary drive, e.g. regulating motor, in order to vary speed continuously with at least two dynamo electric machines for creating an electric power path inside the gearing, e.g. using generator and motor for a variable power torque path
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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    • F16H37/06—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings with a plurality of driving or driven shafts; with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts
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    • F16H37/0806—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings with a plurality of driving or driven shafts; with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts with differential gearing with a plurality of driving or driven shafts
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    • F16H63/02—Final output mechanisms therefor; Actuating means for the final output mechanisms
    • F16H63/30—Constructional features of the final output mechanisms
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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Abstract

本公开提供了“混合动力变速驱动桥”。一种混合动力变速驱动桥，准许牵引马达定位在更有利的位置，从而降低乘员在车辆碰撞中受伤的风险。轴线传递齿轮装置使发电机移动离开发动机轴线，这允许将所述牵引马达进一步向前放置而不干扰所述发电机。所述齿轮装置被限定于两个齿轮平面，从而减小变速驱动桥宽度。

Description

混合动力变速驱动桥
技术领域
本公开涉及车辆变速器领域。更具体地，本公开涉及一种混合动力变速驱动桥中的部件的布置。
背景技术
混合动力传动***包括用于通过捕获制动能量并且通过准许更有效地使用内燃发动机来减少燃料消耗的能量储存装置，诸如电池。在车辆静止时，发动机可以关闭。另外，发动机可以在典型地更有效的较高功率设置下操作并且然后在车辆移动的时间的一部分关闭。
一种类型的混合动力传动***是电功率分流混合装置。在低速下，行星齿轮组将由内燃发动机生成的机械动力分到两个动力流动路径中。动力的一部分通过齿轮、链条或其他机械动力传递部件输送到驱动轮。剩余的动力被引导到电机并转换成电功率。这个电机典型地被称为发电机，但它也可以能够将电功率转换成机械动力。第二电机驱动驱动轮。这个第二电机典型地被称为牵引马达，但它可以能够将机械动力转换成电功率。在一些操作模式下，来自发电机的所有电功率都流向牵引马达。在其他操作模式下，一些电功率可以转向到电池。在另外的其他操作模式下，电池可以补充由发电机产生的电功率。
在前轮驱动混合动力变速驱动桥中，发动机曲轴围绕从车桥轴线偏移且基本上平行于车桥轴线的轴线旋转。变速驱动桥包括在车桥轴线上的差速器，差速器在左半轴与右半轴之间分配动力，使左半轴和右半轴在车辆转弯时可能以稍微不同的速度旋转。可用于变速驱动桥的空间受发动机舱的大小和被发动机占据的空间约束。甚至可能未被其他部件占据的空间也无法使用，因为考虑到该空间中的物体在碰撞中将如何影响乘客舱。
发明内容
一种混合动力变速驱动桥包括行星齿轮组、差速器、副轴、发电机和牵引马达。所述行星齿轮组具有位于第一轴线上的中心齿轮、环形齿轮和齿轮架。所述差速器位于在所述第一轴线下方和后方的第二轴线上。所述副轴可驱动连接到所述差速器和所述环形齿轮。所述副轴可以位于在所述第一轴线下方的第四轴线上。所述发电机可驱动连接到所述中心齿轮。所述发电机可以位于在所述第一轴线后方的第五轴线上。所述牵引马达可驱动连接到所述副轴并位于在所述第一轴线前方的第三轴线上。油盘可以位于所述差速器和所述副轴下方。在第一实施例中，所述牵引马达通过固定地联接到所述副轴且与所述环形齿轮上的外齿轮齿啮合的第一齿轮以及固定地联接到所述牵引马达且与所述环形齿轮上的所述外齿轮齿啮合的第二齿轮可驱动连接到所述副轴。在第二实施例中，所述牵引马达通过固定地联接到所述副轴的第一齿轮、在第六轴线上且与所述第一齿轮啮合的第二齿轮以及固定地联接到所述牵引马达且与所述第二齿轮啮合的第三齿轮可驱动连接到所述副轴。停车齿轮可以固定地联接到所述第二齿轮。在第三实施例中，所述牵引马达通过固定地联接到所述副轴的第一齿轮、在第六轴线上且与所述第一齿轮啮合的第二齿轮、固定地联接到所述第二齿轮的第三齿轮以及固定地联接到所述牵引马达且与所述第三齿轮啮合的第四齿轮可驱动连接到所述副轴。
一种混合动力变速驱动桥包括行星齿轮组、差速器、副轴，以及第一电机和第二电机。所述行星齿轮组具有位于第一轴线上的中心齿轮、环形齿轮和齿轮架。所述差速器位于在所述第一轴线下方和后方的第二轴线上。所述副轴可驱动连接到所述差速器和所述环形齿轮并位于在所述第一轴线下方的第三轴线上。所述第一电机可驱动连接到所述中心齿轮并位于在所述第一轴线后方的第四轴线上。所述第二电机可驱动连接到所述副轴并位于在所述第一轴线前方的第五轴线上。油盘可以位于所述差速器和所述副轴下方。在第一实施例中，所述第二电机通过固定地联接到所述副轴且与所述环形齿轮上的外齿轮齿啮合的第一齿轮以及固定地联接到所述第二电机且与所述环形齿轮上的所述外齿轮齿啮合的第二齿轮可驱动连接到所述副轴。在第二实施例中，所述第二电机通过固定地联接到所述副轴的第一齿轮、在第六轴线上且与所述第一齿轮啮合的第二齿轮以及固定地联接到所述第二电机且与所述第二齿轮啮合的第三齿轮可驱动连接到所述副轴。停车齿轮可以固定地联接到所述第二齿轮。在第三实施例中，所述第二电机通过固定地联接到所述副轴的第一齿轮、在第六轴线上且与所述第一齿轮啮合的第二齿轮、固定地联接到所述第二齿轮的第三齿轮以及固定地联接到所述第二电机且与所述第三齿轮啮合的第四齿轮可驱动连接到所述副轴。
一种混合动力变速驱动桥包括第一齿轮平面和第二齿轮平面。所述第一齿轮平面包括行星齿轮组和第一齿轮。所述行星齿轮组具有中心齿轮、环形齿轮和齿轮架。所述第一齿轮与所述环形齿轮啮合。所述第二齿轮平面包括第二齿轮至第五齿轮。所述第二齿轮固定地联接到所述中心齿轮。所述第三齿轮与所述第二齿轮啮合且固定地联接到发电机。所述第四齿轮固定地联接到所述第一齿轮。所述第五齿轮与所述第四齿轮啮合且固定地联接到差速器。
附图说明
图1是五轴功率分流混合动力变速驱动桥的示意图。
图2A和图2B是图1的变速驱动桥的端视图。
图3是第一六轴功率分流混合动力变速驱动桥的示意图。
图4A和图4B是图3的变速驱动桥的端视图。
图5是第二六轴功率分流混合动力变速驱动桥的示意图。
图6A和图6B是图5的变速驱动桥的端视图。
具体实施方式
本文中描述本公开的实施例。然而，应理解，所公开的实施例仅仅是示例，并且其他实施例可以采用各种和替代的形式。附图不一定按比例绘制；一些特征可能会被放大或最小化以示出特定部件的细节。因此，本文所公开的具体结构细节和功能细节不应被解释为是限制性的，而是仅仅作为教导本领域技术人员以不同方式使用本发明的代表性基础。如本领域普通技术人员将理解，参考附图中的任一个示出和描述的各种特征可以与一个或多个其他附图中所示的特征进行组合以产生未明确示出或描述的实施例。所示特征的组合提供典型应用的代表性实施例。然而，对于特定应用或实现方式，可能需要根据本公开的教导对这些特征做出各种组合和修改。
如果一组可旋转元件被约束为在所有工况下都围绕相同轴线具有相同转速，则它们彼此固定地联接。可旋转元件可以通过例如花键连接、焊接、压配合或由一共同整块机械加工而固定地联接。固定地联接的元件之间的旋转位移可能出现轻微变化，诸如由于间隙或轴柔量引起的位移。相比之下，当换挡元件将两个或更多个旋转元件约束为每当换挡元件完全接合时就围绕相同轴线具有相同转速并且这些旋转元件在至少一些其他工况下自由地具有不同速度时，所述两个或更多个旋转元件由换挡元件选择性地联接。如果两个可旋转元件通过将它们的转速约束为与固定传动比成比例的动力流动路径进行连接，则它们被可驱动连接。如果在所有工况下建立动力流动路径，那么部件被固定地可驱动连接。如果仅在一个或多个换挡元件接合时建立动力流动路径，那么部件被选择性地可驱动连接。
图1、图2A和图2B示出了用于功率分流混合动力变速驱动桥的第一布置。在输入轴10处提供来自内燃发动机的动力。在相对低的车辆速度下，这个动力被行星齿轮组12分到两个动力流动路径中。动力流动路径中的一个是完全机械的。在另一动力流动路径中，机械动力被发电机14转换成电功率并且然后被牵引马达16转换回到机械动力。在一些工况下，这个电功率流动路径中的一些功率可以转向到电池以供以后使用。在其他工况下，来自电池的功率可以添加到电功率流动路径。两个动力流动路径的动力在经由差速器20递送到车轮之前在副轴18处组合。发电机14和牵引马达16两者都是能够将机械动力转换成电功率且反之亦然的可逆电机。它们可以是例如经由对应的逆变器连接到DC总线的同步AC马达。在较高车速下，动力可以在电功率流动路径中沿相反方向流动，从而建立再循环动力条件。
行星齿轮组12的齿轮架22固定地联接到输入轴10。中心齿轮24经由齿轮26和28可驱动连接到发电机14的转子。具体地，齿轮26通过轴30固定地联接到中心齿轮24并且与通过轴32固定地联接到发电机14的转子的齿轮28连续啮合接合。替代地，中心齿轮24可以通过链条和链轮可驱动连接到发电机14的转子。环形齿轮34具有内齿轮齿和外齿轮齿。输入轴10、齿轮28、中心齿轮24、齿轮架22和环形齿轮34全都支持围绕第一轴线旋转。一组行星齿轮36支持相对于齿轮架22旋转并且与中心齿轮24以及环形齿轮34的内齿轮齿啮合。发电机14的转子支持围绕平行于第一轴线且从第一轴线偏移的第二轴线旋转。
副轴18支持围绕平行于第一轴线和第二轴线且从第一轴线和第二轴线偏移的第三轴线旋转。两个齿轮38和40固定地联接到副轴18。齿轮38与环形齿轮34的外齿轮齿啮合。齿轮34和38构成机械动力流动路径。齿轮40与固定地联接到差速器20的齿轮架44的齿轮42啮合。许多锥形行星齿轮46支持相对于差速器齿轮架44旋转。锥形行星齿轮各自与左锥形侧齿轮48和右锥形侧齿轮50两者啮合。左侧齿轮48和右侧齿轮50分别固定地联接到左半轴52和右半轴54，以将动力传递到左车轮和右车轮。齿轮42、差速器齿轮架44以及左侧齿轮48和右侧齿轮50全都支持围绕平行于第一轴线、第二轴线和第三轴线且从第一轴线、第二轴线和第三轴线偏移的第四轴线旋转。左半轴52和右半轴54可以包括万向接头，以适应第五轴线与左车轮和右车轮的旋转轴线之间的轻微差异。
牵引马达16的转子支持围绕平行于第一轴线、第二轴线、第三轴线和第四轴线且从第一轴线、第二轴线、第三轴线和第四轴线偏移的第五轴线旋转。齿轮56固定地联接到牵引马达16的转子轴58。齿轮56与环形齿轮34的外齿轮齿啮合。环形齿轮34充当用于将动力从齿轮56传递到副轴18上的齿轮38的空转齿轮。齿轮38在直径上大于齿轮42，从而提供扭矩倍增。电功率流动路径包括齿轮26、齿轮28、发电机14、牵引马达16、齿轮56、齿轮34和齿轮38。
应注意，所有的齿轮装置都位于两个齿轮平面中。齿轮56和18、行星齿轮组12和差速器20位于第一齿轮平面中。齿轮26、28、40和42位于第二齿轮平面中。少量的齿轮平面允许薄齿轮箱，从而为电机14和18留出更多轴向空间。
图2A和图2B示出五个轴线的相对定位。为清楚起见，图2A中用实线示出第一齿轮平面上的元件，而图2B中用实线示出第二齿轮平面上的元件。在这些图中，环形齿轮34的内齿轮齿被标记为34a并且环形齿轮34的外齿轮齿被标记为34b。
一般来说，有利的是具有在径向方向和轴向方向两者上都紧凑的变速驱动桥。然而，各种轴线的相对定位必须满足许多约束条件。第一轴线和第四轴线的相对定位由车辆内的发动机和前车轮的相对定位指定。将发电机和牵引马达并排地放置在相同的轴向位置处减小了变速驱动桥的轴向长度。为了将它们并排地放置，第二轴线与第五轴线之间的间隔必须足够。由于相对动力和扭矩需求，牵引马达16典型地大于发电机14。对车辆碰撞场景的模拟已经表明，将牵引马达定位在发动机轴线前方降低了乘员在事故中受伤的风险。较小的发动机在事故中对乘员造成的风险较小。将第四(副轴)轴线定位较低使得能够将发电机定位相对较低。
图2A和图2B还示出了油盘60。诸如自动变速器流体的流体分配到齿轮和电机以提供润滑和冷却。流体在重力作用下排到位于变速器壳的最低点处的油盘60中。
图3、图4A和图4B示出了第二功率分流混合布置。在这个布置中，齿轮56不与环形齿轮34的外齿轮齿啮合。相反，专用空转齿轮62设置在第六轴线上。空转齿轮62与齿轮56并与齿轮38啮合。专用空转齿轮准许牵引马达16进一步向前定位。将牵引马达16进一步向前移动增大了第二轴线与第五轴线之间的距离，从而允许电机中的一个或两个具有更大的直径。更大直径的电机可以能够生成更多的扭矩和/或可以在轴向方向上更短。停车齿轮64经由轴66牢固地联接到空转齿轮62。
图5、图6A和图6B示出了第三功率分流混合实施例。在这个布置中，齿轮56和62位于第二齿轮平面中，并且齿轮62不与副轴齿轮38啮合。齿轮62通过轴66牢固地联接到齿轮68。齿轮68与副轴齿轮38啮合。齿轮68具有比齿轮62小的节径，从而在从牵引马达16到副轴的动力流动路径中提供速度减小和扭矩倍增。这个附加齿轮比准许牵引马达16的直径针对给定的车辆扭矩需求而更小，或者准许变速器以给定的马达直径来满足更高的车辆扭矩需求。
虽然上面描述了示例性实施例，但这些实施例并不意图描述权利要求所涵盖的所有可能的形式。说明书中使用的词语是描述性词语而不是限制性词语，并且应理解，在不脱离本公开的精神和范围的情况下，可以进行各种改变。如先前所述，各种实施例的特征可以组合以形成本发明的可能未明确描述或示出的其他实施例。虽然各种实施例可能已被描述为就一个或多个期望的特性而言提供优于其他实施例或现有技术实现方式的优点或是优选的，但本领域普通技术人员应当认识到，可以折衷一个或多个特征或特性以实现所期望的整体***属性，这取决于具体应用和实现方式。因此，描述为就一个或多个特性而言不如其他实施例或现有技术实现方式理想的实施例不在本公开的范围之外并且对于特定应用来说可能是期望的。
根据本发明，提供了一种混合动力变速驱动桥，所述混合动力变速驱动桥具有：行星齿轮组，所述行星齿轮组具有位于第一轴线上的中心齿轮、环形齿轮和齿轮架；差速器，所述差速器位于在所述第一轴线下方和后方的第二轴线上；副轴，所述副轴可驱动连接到所述差速器和所述环形齿轮；发电机，所述发电机可驱动连接到所述中心齿轮；以及牵引马达，所述牵引马达可驱动连接到所述副轴并位于在所述第一轴线前方的第三轴线上。
根据一个实施例，所述副轴位于在所述第一轴线下方的第四轴线上。
根据一个实施例，所述发电机位于在所述第一轴线后方的第五轴线上。
根据一个实施例，本发明的特征还在于油盘，所述油盘位于所述差速器和所述副轴下方。
根据一个实施例，所述牵引马达通过固定地联接到所述副轴且与所述环形齿轮上的外齿轮齿啮合的第一齿轮以及固定地联接到所述牵引马达且与所述环形齿轮上的所述外齿轮齿啮合的第二齿轮可驱动连接到所述副轴。
根据一个实施例，所述牵引马达通过固定地联接到所述副轴的第一齿轮、在第六轴线上且与所述第一齿轮啮合的第二齿轮以及固定地联接到所述牵引马达且与所述第二齿轮啮合的第三齿轮可驱动连接到所述副轴。
根据一个实施例，本发明的特征还在于停车齿轮，所述停车齿轮固定地联接到所述第二齿轮。
根据一个实施例，所述牵引马达通过固定地联接到所述副轴的第一齿轮、在第六轴线上且与所述第一齿轮啮合的第二齿轮、固定地联接到所述第二齿轮的第三齿轮以及固定地联接到所述牵引马达且与所述第三齿轮啮合的第四齿轮可驱动连接到所述副轴。
根据本发明，提供了一种混合动力变速驱动桥，所述混合动力变速驱动桥具有：行星齿轮组，所述行星齿轮组具有位于第一轴线上的中心齿轮、环形齿轮和齿轮架；差速器，所述差速器位于在所述第一轴线下方和后方的第二轴线上；副轴，所述副轴可驱动连接到所述差速器和所述环形齿轮并位于在所述第一轴线下方的第三轴线上；第一电机，所述第一电机可驱动连接到所述中心齿轮并位于在所述第一轴线后方的第四轴线上；以及第二电机，所述第二电机可驱动连接到所述副轴并位于在所述第一轴线前方的第五轴线上。
根据一个实施例，本发明的特征还在于油盘，所述油盘位于所述差速器和所述副轴下方。
根据一个实施例，所述第二电机通过固定地联接到所述副轴且与所述环形齿轮上的外齿轮齿啮合的第一齿轮以及固定地联接到所述第二电机且与所述环形齿轮上的所述外齿轮齿啮合的第二齿轮可驱动连接到所述副轴。
根据一个实施例，所述第二电机通过固定地联接到所述副轴的第一齿轮、在第六轴线上且与所述第一齿轮啮合的第二齿轮以及固定地联接到所述第二电机且与所述第二齿轮啮合的第三齿轮可驱动连接到所述副轴。
根据一个实施例，本发明的特征还在于停车齿轮，所述停车齿轮固定地联接到所述第二齿轮。
根据一个实施例，所述第二电机通过固定地联接到所述副轴的第一齿轮、在第六轴线上且与所述第一齿轮啮合的第二齿轮、固定地联接到所述第二齿轮的第三齿轮以及固定地联接到所述第二电机且与所述第三齿轮啮合的第四齿轮可驱动连接到所述副轴。
根据本发明，提供了一种混合动力变速驱动桥，所述混合动力变速驱动桥具有：第一齿轮平面，所述第一齿轮平面包括行星齿轮组，所述行星齿轮组具有中心齿轮、环形齿轮和齿轮架，以及第一齿轮，所述第一齿轮与所述环形齿轮啮合；以及第二齿轮平面，所述第二齿轮平面包括第二齿轮，所述第二齿轮固定地联接到所述中心齿轮，第三齿轮，所述第三齿轮与所述第二齿轮啮合且固定地联接到发电机，第四齿轮，所述第四齿轮固定地联接到所述第一齿轮，以及第五齿轮，所述第五齿轮与所述第四齿轮啮合且固定地联接到差速器。
根据一个实施例，所述第一齿轮平面还包括第六齿轮，所述第六齿轮与所述环形齿轮啮合并固定地联接到牵引马达。
根据一个实施例，所述行星齿轮组和所述第二齿轮位于第一轴线上；所述差速器和所述第五齿轮位于在所述第一轴线下方和后方的第二轴线上；所述第一齿轮和所述第四齿轮位于在所述第一轴线下方的第三轴线上；所述发电机和所述第三齿轮位于在所述第一轴线后方的第四轴线上；并且所述牵引马达和所述第六齿轮位于在所述第一轴线前方的第五轴线上。
根据一个实施例，所述第一齿轮平面还包括固定地联接到牵引马达的第六齿轮，以及与所述第六齿轮和所述第一齿轮啮合的第七齿轮。
根据一个实施例，所述行星齿轮组和所述第二齿轮位于第一轴线上；所述差速器和所述第五齿轮位于在所述第一轴线下方和后方的第二轴线上；所述第一齿轮和所述第四齿轮位于在所述第一轴线下方的第三轴线上；所述发电机和所述第三齿轮位于在所述第一轴线后方的第四轴线上；所述牵引马达和所述第六齿轮位于在所述第一轴线前方的第五轴线上；并且所述第七齿轮位于第六轴线上。
根据一个实施例，所述第二齿轮平面还包括停车齿轮，所述停车齿轮固定地联接到所述第七齿轮。

Claims (15)

1.一种混合动力变速驱动桥，所述混合动力变速驱动桥包括：
行星齿轮组，所述行星齿轮组具有位于第一轴线上的中心齿轮、环形齿轮和齿轮架；
差速器，所述差速器位于在所述第一轴线下方和后方的第二轴线上；
副轴，所述副轴可驱动连接到所述差速器和所述环形齿轮；
发电机，所述发电机可驱动连接到所述中心齿轮；以及
牵引马达，所述牵引马达可驱动连接到所述副轴并位于在所述第一轴线前方的第三轴线上。
2.如权利要求1所述的混合动力变速驱动桥，其中所述副轴位于在所述第一轴线下方的第四轴线上，并且所述发电机位于在所述第一轴线后方的第五轴线上。
3.如权利要求1所述的混合动力变速驱动桥，其中所述牵引马达通过固定地联接到所述副轴且与所述环形齿轮上的外齿轮齿啮合的第一齿轮以及固定地联接到所述牵引马达且与所述环形齿轮上的所述外齿轮齿啮合的第二齿轮可驱动连接到所述副轴。
4.如权利要求1所述的混合动力变速驱动桥，其中所述牵引马达通过固定地联接到所述副轴的第一齿轮、在第六轴线上且与所述第一齿轮啮合的第二齿轮以及固定地联接到所述牵引马达且与所述第二齿轮啮合的第三齿轮可驱动连接到所述副轴。
5.如权利要求4所述的混合动力变速驱动桥，所述混合动力变速驱动桥还包括固定地联接到所述第二齿轮的停车齿轮。
6.如权利要求1所述的混合动力变速驱动桥，其中所述牵引马达通过固定地联接到所述副轴的第一齿轮、在第六轴线上且与所述第一齿轮啮合的第二齿轮、固定地联接到所述第二齿轮的第三齿轮以及固定地联接到所述牵引马达且与所述第三齿轮啮合的第四齿轮可驱动连接到所述副轴。
7.一种混合动力变速驱动桥，所述混合动力变速驱动桥包括：
行星齿轮组，所述行星齿轮组具有位于第一轴线上的中心齿轮、环形齿轮和齿轮架；
差速器，所述差速器位于在所述第一轴线下方和后方的第二轴线上；
副轴，所述副轴可驱动连接到所述差速器和所述环形齿轮并位于在所述第一轴线下方的第三轴线上；
第一电机，所述第一电机可驱动连接到所述中心齿轮并位于在所述第一轴线后方的第四轴线上；
第二电机，所述第二电机可驱动连接到所述副轴并位于在所述第一轴线前方的第五轴线上；以及
油盘，所述油盘位于所述差速器和所述副轴下方。
8.如权利要求7所述的混合动力变速驱动桥，其中所述第二电机通过固定地联接到所述副轴且与所述环形齿轮上的外齿轮齿啮合的第一齿轮以及固定地联接到所述第二电机且与所述环形齿轮上的所述外齿轮齿啮合的第二齿轮可驱动连接到所述副轴。
9.如权利要求7所述的混合动力变速驱动桥，其中所述第二电机通过固定地联接到所述副轴的第一齿轮、在第六轴线上且与所述第一齿轮啮合的第二齿轮以及固定地联接到所述第二电机且与所述第二齿轮啮合的第三齿轮可驱动连接到所述副轴。
10.如权利要求7所述的混合动力变速驱动桥，其中所述第二电机通过固定地联接到所述副轴的第一齿轮、在第六轴线上且与所述第一齿轮啮合的第二齿轮、固定地联接到所述第二齿轮的第三齿轮以及固定地联接到所述第二电机且与所述第三齿轮啮合的第四齿轮可驱动连接到所述副轴。
11.一种混合动力变速驱动桥，所述混合动力变速驱动桥包括：
第一齿轮平面，所述第一齿轮平面包括
行星齿轮组，所述行星齿轮组具有中心齿轮、环形齿轮和齿轮架，以及
第一齿轮，所述第一齿轮与所述环形齿轮啮合；以及
第二齿轮平面，所述第二齿轮平面包括
第二齿轮，所述第二齿轮固定地联接到所述中心齿轮，
第三齿轮，所述第三齿轮与所述第二齿轮啮合且固定地联接到发电机，
第四齿轮，所述第四齿轮固定地联接到所述第一齿轮，以及
第五齿轮，所述第五齿轮与所述第四齿轮啮合且固定地联接到差速器。
12.如权利要求11所述的混合动力变速驱动桥，其中所述第一齿轮平面还包括第六齿轮，所述第六齿轮与所述环形齿轮啮合并固定地联接到牵引马达。
13.如权利要求12所述的混合动力变速驱动桥，其中：
所述行星齿轮组和所述第二齿轮位于第一轴线上；
所述差速器和所述第五齿轮位于在所述第一轴线下方和后方的第二轴线上；
所述第一齿轮和所述第四齿轮位于在所述第一轴线下方的第三轴线上；
所述发电机和所述第三齿轮位于在所述第一轴线后方的第四轴线上；并且
所述牵引马达和所述第六齿轮位于在所述第一轴线前方的第五轴线上。
14.如权利要求11所述的混合动力变速驱动桥，其中所述第一齿轮平面还包括固定地联接到牵引马达的第六齿轮，以及与所述第六齿轮和所述第一齿轮啮合的第七齿轮。
15.如权利要求14所述的混合动力变速驱动桥，其中：
所述行星齿轮组和所述第二齿轮位于第一轴线上；
所述差速器和所述第五齿轮位于在所述第一轴线下方和后方的第二轴线上；
所述第一齿轮和所述第四齿轮位于在所述第一轴线下方的第三轴线上；
所述发电机和所述第三齿轮位于在所述第一轴线后方的第四轴线上；
所述牵引马达和所述第六齿轮位于在所述第一轴线前方的第五轴线上；并且
所述第七齿轮位于第六轴线上。
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