CN111014679B

CN111014679B - High-damping aluminum alloy reinforced iron-based composite material and preparation method thereof

Info

Publication number: CN111014679B
Application number: CN201911161560.4A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 江鸿杰; 王一博; 刘崇宇; 黄宏锋; 韦莉莉
Original assignee: Guilin University of Technology
Current assignee: Guilin University of Technology
Priority date: 2019-11-24
Filing date: 2019-11-24
Publication date: 2022-03-22
Anticipated expiration: 2039-11-24
Also published as: CN111014679A

Abstract

The invention discloses a high-damping aluminum alloy reinforced iron-based composite material. The iron-based composite material has a reinforced phase of 6061 aluminum alloy, a matrix of porous pure iron blocks (obtained by sintering pure iron powder), and a pore-forming agent of NH₄HCO₃Particles, the content of the reinforcing phase in the matrix is 10% -50%; the composite material is obtained by infiltration after pore-forming sintering, the sintering temperature of porous pure iron is 1000 ℃, the porous pure iron is taken out after heat preservation for 1-2 hours and is subjected to air cooling, then aluminum alloy is placed in a smelting furnace and is heated to 800 ℃ to completely melt an aluminum block, then the porous pure iron is placed in the smelting furnace and is subjected to heat preservation for 2 hours at 800 ℃, and then a sample is taken out and subjected to air cooling to obtain the aluminum alloy reinforced iron-based composite material; the aluminum alloy reinforced iron-based composite material prepared by the invention has excellent damping performance, the internal consumption value of the aluminum alloy reinforced iron-based composite material at 30 ℃ is 0.0202-0.0476, which is improved by 2.2-6.6 times compared with the internal consumption value of a matrix, and the internal consumption value at 300 ℃ is 0.0203-0.0368, which is improved by 2.2-4.8 times compared with the internal consumption value of the matrix.

Description

High-damping aluminum alloy reinforced iron-based composite material and preparation method thereof

Technical Field

The invention relates to a high-damping aluminum alloy reinforced iron-based composite material.

Background

The steel is a life line of economy in China, is a common material in engineering, has a great proportion in the national economy, and has higher requirements on steel materials in the rapidly-developed industry. The steel material generally has the advantages of high strength, high temperature resistance, good electric and thermal conductivity, low price and the like. However, with the development of industry, the requirements for vibration reduction and noise reduction of steel materials are more and more prominent. At present, the damping performance of steel materials is improved mainly by changing the components of an iron matrix to form damping steel. Damping steel mainly has the following three main categories: 1. ferromagnetic damping steels such as Fe-Cr series damping alloys; 2. a stacking fault type damping steel such as a Fe-Mn series damping alloy; 3. the complex phase damping steel is only limited to compounding of iron base and high polymer materials (mostly viscoelastic resin) at present, so that the problems of dislocation, edge folding defects and poor spot welding among steel plates can occur in the processes of stamping, bending, welding and the like. These methods have certain disadvantages, such as the need to change the matrix components, poor wettability between the viscoelastic resin and the iron matrix in the prepared viscoelastic resin reinforced iron-based composite material, poor weldability, and the like. The sinter infiltration method, a new method, overcomes the above-mentioned disadvantages. The light high-damping aluminum alloy is compounded into the steel material, so that the damping performance of the original iron-based material is hopefully improved, the high intrinsic damping performance of the aluminum alloy can be introduced into the composite material by compounding the aluminum alloy into the iron-based material through a sintering infiltration method, meanwhile, the problem of poor welding performance of the high polymer material reinforced complex phase damping steel can be avoided, and the iron-based component does not need to be changed. To date, no report has been found on the production of aluminum alloy reinforced iron-based composites by sintering infiltration.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention mainly aims to provide a method for preparing a high-damping aluminum alloy reinforced iron-based composite material.

In the aluminum alloy reinforced iron-based composite material, a reinforcing phase is 6061 aluminum alloy, a matrix is a porous pure iron block (prepared by sintering ultrahigh fine iron powder with the particle size of 50 mu m), and a pore-forming agent is NH₄HCO₃The content of the reinforced phase in the matrix is 10-50 percent.

The preparation method of the aluminum alloy reinforced iron-based composite material comprises the following specific steps:

(1) placing ultra-high fine iron powder with the particle size of 50 mu m and NH4HCO3 particles with the particle size of 350 mu m in a V-shaped powder mixer according to a certain proportion, and rotationally mixing for 5 hours.

(2) Putting a certain amount of uniformly mixed powder into a square die (length multiplied by width multiplied by height, 30mm multiplied by 10mm multiplied by 5 mm), pressing and molding the powder at room temperature by a universal material testing machine, wherein the pressing force is 200MPa, and putting the pressed green body into a quartz tube type sintering furnace.

(3) Continuously introducing argon with the purity of 99.9 percent into the tubular sintering furnace as protective gas, heating the tubular sintering furnace from room temperature, heating to 200 ℃ after 30 minutes, keeping the temperature for 1 hour, and introducing high-purity argon to remove NH₄HCO₃CO produced by decomposition₂And NH₃Continuously discharging, and heating to 1And (4) preserving the heat for 1.5 hours at the temperature of 000 ℃, sintering, and then cooling to room temperature along with the furnace to obtain the porous pure iron.

(4) Placing the as-cast 6061 aluminum block into a small smelting furnace, heating the smelting furnace from room temperature to 800 ℃ to completely melt the aluminum block, placing the sintered porous pure iron into the smelting furnace, preserving heat at 800 ℃ for 2 hours to enable the aluminum liquid to permeate into the porous pure iron, and then taking out the sample for air cooling to obtain the aluminum alloy reinforced iron-based composite material.

The aluminum alloy reinforced iron-based composite material prepared by the invention has the advantages of low price, uniform distribution of reinforced phases, easy control of size, no need of changing matrix components, and no problem of impurity element pollution on matrix and interface reaction; within the temperature range of 30-300 ℃, the damping performance of the composite material is greatly improved compared with that of the base material; the internal consumption value of the aluminum alloy reinforced iron-based composite material at 30 ℃ is 0.0476, and the internal consumption value at 300 ℃ is 0.0368.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a phase diagram of porous pure iron alloy obtained by the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a metallographic diagram of the aluminum alloy reinforced iron-based composite material obtained by the invention

FIG. 3 is a temperature-internal loss curve diagram of the aluminum alloy reinforced iron-based composite material and porous pure iron obtained by the present invention.

Detailed Description

(1) Ultra-high fine iron powder with the particle size of 50 mu m and NH4HCO3 particles with the particle size of 350 mu m are mixed according to the mass ratio of 1: 1, they were placed in a V-blender and mixed by rotation for 5 hours.

(2) And (3) putting the uniformly mixed powder into a square die (length multiplied by width multiplied by height, 30mm multiplied by 10mm multiplied by 5 mm), pressing and forming the powder at room temperature by a hydraulic press, wherein the pressing pressure is 200MPa, and the pressure maintaining time is 5 minutes, and putting the pressed green body into a tubular sintering furnace.

(3) And (2) continuously introducing argon with the purity of 99.9 percent into the tubular sintering furnace as protective gas, heating the tubular sintering furnace from room temperature, heating to 200 ℃ after 30 minutes, keeping the temperature for 1 hour, continuously discharging CO2 and NH3 generated by decomposing NH4HCO3 by the introduced high-purity argon, heating to 1000 ℃, keeping the temperature for 1.5 hours, and then cooling to room temperature along with the furnace to obtain the porous pure iron block.

(4) Placing the as-cast 6061 aluminum block into a small smelting furnace, heating the smelting furnace from room temperature to 800 ℃ to completely melt the aluminum block, placing the porous pure iron block obtained by sintering into the smelting furnace filled with aluminum liquid, preserving heat for 2 hours at 800 ℃ to ensure that the aluminum liquid permeates into the porous pure iron block, preserving heat for 2 hours, taking out and air-cooling to obtain the aluminum alloy reinforced iron-based composite material.

Claims

1. The high-damping aluminum alloy reinforced iron-based composite material is characterized in that the reinforcing phase of the iron-based composite material is aluminum alloy, the matrix is a porous pure iron block, the porous pure iron block is prepared by sintering ultrahigh fine iron powder with the particle size of 50 mu m, and the pore-forming agent is NH₄HCO₃The particle size of the particles is 350 mu m, the content of the reinforcing phase in the matrix is 10% -50%, and the preparation method of the aluminum alloy reinforced iron-based composite material comprises the following specific steps:

(1) mixing iron powder and NH₄HCO₃Placing the particles in a V-shaped powder mixer according to a certain proportion, rotationally mixing for 5 hours, then placing a certain amount of uniformly mixed powder in a square mould, wherein the length, width and height of the square mould are respectively 30mm, 10mm and 5mm, and the square mould is pressed and formed by a universal material testing machine at room temperature, the pressing force is 200MPa, and placing the pressed green body in a quartz tube type sintering furnace;

(2) continuously introducing argon with the purity of 99.9 percent into the tubular sintering furnace as protective gas, heating the tubular sintering furnace from room temperature, heating to 200 ℃ after 30 minutes, keeping the temperature for 1 hour, and introducing high-purity argon to remove NH₄HCO₃CO produced by decomposition₂And NH₃Continuously discharging, heating to 1000 ℃, preserving heat for 1.5 hours, sintering, and then cooling to room temperature along with the furnace to obtain porous pure iron;

(3) placing the cast aluminum alloy into a small smelting furnace, heating the smelting furnace from room temperature to 800 ℃ to completely melt aluminum blocks, placing the sintered porous pure iron into the smelting furnace, preserving heat at 800 ℃ for 2 hours to enable the aluminum liquid to permeate into the porous pure iron, and then taking out the sample for air cooling to obtain the aluminum alloy reinforced iron-based composite material.