CN111014679A - High-damping aluminum alloy reinforced iron-based composite material and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

High-damping aluminum alloy reinforced iron-based composite material and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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CN111014679A
CN111014679A CN201911161560.4A CN201911161560A CN111014679A CN 111014679 A CN111014679 A CN 111014679A CN 201911161560 A CN201911161560 A CN 201911161560A CN 111014679 A CN111014679 A CN 111014679A
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iron
aluminum alloy
composite material
based composite
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CN111014679B (en
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江鸿杰
王一博
刘崇宇
黄宏锋
韦莉莉
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Guilin University of Technology
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
    • B22F3/10—Sintering only
    • B22F3/11—Making porous workpieces or articles
    • B22F3/1121—Making porous workpieces or articles by using decomposable, meltable or sublimatable fillers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
    • B22F3/24—After-treatment of workpieces or articles
    • B22F3/26—Impregnating
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/06—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing aluminium

Abstract

The invention discloses a high-damping aluminum alloy reinforced iron-based composite material. The iron-based composite material has a reinforced phase of 6061 aluminum alloy, a matrix of porous pure iron blocks (obtained by sintering pure iron powder), and a pore-forming agent of NH4HCO3Particles, the content of the reinforcing phase in the matrix is 10% -50%; the composite material is obtained by infiltration after pore-forming sintering, the sintering temperature of porous pure iron is 1000 ℃, the porous pure iron is taken out after heat preservation for 1-2 hours and is subjected to air cooling, then aluminum alloy is placed in a smelting furnace and is heated to 800 ℃ to completely melt an aluminum block, then the porous pure iron is placed in the smelting furnace and is subjected to heat preservation for 2 hours at 800 ℃, and then a sample is taken out and subjected to air cooling to obtain the aluminum alloy reinforced iron-based composite material; the aluminum alloy reinforced iron-based composite material prepared by the invention has excellent damping performance, and the aluminum alloy reinforced iron-based composite material is at 30 DEG CThe internal consumption value of the composite material is 0.0202-0.0476, which is improved by 2.2-6.6 times than that of the matrix, and the internal consumption value at 300 ℃ is 0.0203-0.0368, which is improved by 2.2-4.8 times than that of the matrix.

Description

High-damping aluminum alloy reinforced iron-based composite material and preparation method thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to a high-damping aluminum alloy reinforced iron-based composite material.
Background
The steel is a life line of economy in China, is a common material in engineering, has a great proportion in the national economy, and has higher requirements on steel materials in the rapidly-developed industry. The steel material generally has the advantages of high strength, high temperature resistance, good electric and thermal conductivity, low price and the like. However, with the development of industry, the requirements for vibration reduction and noise reduction of steel materials are more and more prominent. At present, the damping performance of steel materials is improved mainly by changing the components of an iron matrix to form damping steel. Damping steel mainly has the following three main categories: 1. ferromagnetic damping steels such as Fe-Cr series damping alloys; 2. a stacking fault type damping steel such as a Fe-Mn series damping alloy; 3. the complex phase damping steel is only limited to compounding of iron base and high polymer materials (mostly viscoelastic resin) at present, so that the problems of dislocation, edge folding defects and poor spot welding among steel plates can occur in the processes of stamping, bending, welding and the like. These methods have certain disadvantages, such as the need to change the matrix components, poor wettability between the viscoelastic resin and the iron matrix in the prepared viscoelastic resin reinforced iron-based composite material, poor weldability, and the like. The sinter infiltration method, a new method, overcomes the above-mentioned disadvantages. The light high-damping aluminum alloy is compounded into the steel material, so that the damping performance of the original iron-based material is hopefully improved, the high intrinsic damping performance of the aluminum alloy can be introduced into the composite material by compounding the aluminum alloy into the iron-based material through a sintering infiltration method, meanwhile, the problem of poor welding performance of the high polymer material reinforced complex phase damping steel can be avoided, and the iron-based component does not need to be changed. To date, no report has been found on the production of aluminum alloy reinforced iron-based composites by sintering infiltration.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention mainly aims to provide a method for preparing a high-damping aluminum alloy reinforced iron-based composite material.
In the aluminum alloy reinforced iron-based composite material, a reinforcing phase is 6061 aluminum alloy, a matrix is a porous pure iron block (prepared by sintering ultrahigh fine iron powder with the particle size of 50 mu m), and a pore-forming agent is NH4HCO3The particle size is 300-500 μm, and the content of the reinforcing phase in the matrix is 10-50%.
The preparation method of the aluminum alloy reinforced iron-based composite material comprises the following specific steps:
(1) ultra-fine iron powder with the particle size of 50 mu m and NH with the particle size of 300-500 mu m4HCO3The granules are placed in a V-shaped powder mixer according to a certain proportion and are rotationally mixed for 5 hours.
(2) Putting a certain amount of uniformly mixed powder into a square die (length multiplied by width multiplied by height, 30mm multiplied by 10mm multiplied by 5mm), pressing and molding the powder at room temperature by a universal material testing machine, wherein the pressing force is 200-300MPa, and placing the pressed green body into a quartz tube type sintering furnace.
(3) Argon with the purity of 99.9 percent is continuously introduced into the tubular sintering furnace as protective gas, the tubular sintering furnace is heated from room temperature, the temperature is raised to 150-300 ℃ after 30 minutes, the temperature is kept for 1-2 hours, and NH is introduced into the tubular sintering furnace by the introduced high-purity argon4HCO3CO produced by decomposition2And NH3Continuously discharging, heating to 1000 ℃, preserving heat for 1-2 hours, sintering, and cooling to room temperature along with the furnace to obtain the porous pure iron.
(4) Placing the as-cast 6061 aluminum block into a small smelting furnace, heating the smelting furnace from room temperature to 800 ℃ to completely melt the aluminum block, placing the sintered porous pure iron into the smelting furnace, preserving heat at 800 ℃ for 2 hours to enable the aluminum liquid to permeate into the porous pure iron, and then taking out the sample for air cooling to obtain the aluminum alloy reinforced iron-based composite material.
The aluminum alloy reinforced iron-based composite material prepared by the invention has the advantages of low price, uniform distribution of reinforced phases, easy control of size, no need of changing matrix components, and no problem of impurity element pollution on matrix and interface reaction; within the temperature range of 30-300 ℃, the damping performance of the composite material is greatly improved compared with that of the base material; the internal consumption value of the aluminum alloy reinforced iron-based composite material at 30 ℃ is 0.0202-0.0476, which is improved by 2.2-6.6 times than that of the matrix, and the internal consumption value at 300 ℃ is 0.0203-0.0368, which is improved by 2.2-4.8 times than that of the matrix.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a phase diagram of porous pure iron alloy obtained in example 1 of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a metallographic picture of an aluminum alloy reinforced iron-based composite obtained in example 1 of the present invention
FIG. 3 is a graph of temperature-internal loss curves of the aluminum alloy reinforced iron-based composite material obtained in example 1 of the present invention and porous pure iron.
Detailed Description
Example 1:
(1) mixing ultra-fine iron powder with particle size of 50 μm and NH with particle size of 350 μm4HCO3The mass ratio of the particles is 1: 1, they were placed in a V-blender and mixed by rotation for 5 hours.
(2) And (3) putting the uniformly mixed powder into a square die (length multiplied by width multiplied by height, 30mm multiplied by 10mm multiplied by 5mm), pressing and forming the powder at room temperature by a hydraulic press, wherein the pressing pressure is 200MPa, and the pressure maintaining time is 5 minutes, and putting the pressed green body into a tubular sintering furnace.
(3) Continuously introducing argon with the purity of 99.9 percent as protective gas into the tubular sintering furnace, heating the tubular sintering furnace from room temperature, heating to 200 ℃ after 30 minutes, keeping the temperature for 1 hour, and introducing high-purity argon to remove NH4HCO3CO produced by decomposition2And NH3Continuously discharging, heating to 1000 ℃, preserving heat for 1.5 hours, and then cooling to room temperature along with the furnace to obtain the porous pure iron block.
(4) Placing the as-cast 6061 aluminum block into a small smelting furnace, heating the smelting furnace from room temperature to 800 ℃ to completely melt the aluminum block, placing the porous pure iron block obtained by sintering into the smelting furnace filled with aluminum liquid, preserving heat for 2 hours at 800 ℃ to ensure that the aluminum liquid permeates into the porous pure iron block, preserving heat for 2 hours, taking out and air-cooling to obtain the aluminum alloy reinforced iron-based composite material.
Example 2:
(1) mixing ultra-fine iron powder with particle size of 50 μm and NH with particle size of 300 μm4HCO3The mass ratio of the particles is 3: 2, after weighing on a weighing balance, the mixture was placed in a V-blender and mixed for 5 hours by rotation.
(2) And (3) putting the uniformly mixed powder into a square die (length multiplied by width multiplied by height, 30mm multiplied by 10mm multiplied by 5mm), pressing and forming the powder at room temperature by a hydraulic press, wherein the pressing pressure is 200MPa, and the pressure maintaining time is 5 minutes, and putting the pressed green body into a tubular sintering furnace.
(3) Continuously introducing argon with the purity of 99.9 percent as protective gas into the tubular sintering furnace, heating the tubular sintering furnace from room temperature, heating to 150 ℃ after 30 minutes, keeping the temperature for 1 hour, and introducing high-purity argon to remove NH4HCO3CO produced by decomposition2And NH3Continuously discharging, heating to 1000 ℃, preserving heat for 1.5 hours, and then cooling to room temperature along with the furnace to obtain the porous pure iron block.
(4) Placing the as-cast 6061 aluminum block into a small smelting furnace, heating the smelting furnace from room temperature to 800 ℃ to completely melt the aluminum block, placing the porous pure iron block obtained by sintering into the smelting furnace filled with aluminum liquid, preserving heat for 2 hours at 800 ℃ to ensure that the aluminum liquid permeates into the porous pure iron block, preserving heat for 2 hours, taking out and air-cooling to obtain the aluminum alloy reinforced iron-based composite material.
Example 3:
(1) mixing ultra-fine iron powder with a particle diameter of 50 μm and NH with a particle diameter of 400 μm4HCO3The mass ratio of the particles is 7: 3, after weighing on a weighing balance, placing the mixture in a V-shaped powder mixer to rotate and mix for 5 hours.
(2) And (3) putting the uniformly mixed powder into a square die (length multiplied by width multiplied by height, 30mm multiplied by 10mm multiplied by 5mm), pressing and forming the powder at room temperature by a hydraulic press, wherein the pressing pressure is 250MPa, and the pressure maintaining time is 5 minutes, and putting the pressed green body into a tubular sintering furnace.
(3) Continuously introducing argon with the purity of 99.9 percent as protective gas into the tubular sintering furnace, heating the tubular sintering furnace from room temperature, heating to 250 ℃ after 30 minutes, keeping the temperature for 1.5 hours, and introducing high-purity argon to react NH4HCO3CO produced by decomposition2And NH3Continuously discharging, heating to 1000 deg.C, maintaining for 1.5 hr, and cooling to room temperature to obtain porous pure iron block。
(4) Placing the as-cast 6061 aluminum block into a small smelting furnace, heating the smelting furnace from room temperature to 800 ℃ to completely melt the aluminum block, placing the porous pure iron block obtained by sintering into the smelting furnace filled with aluminum liquid, preserving heat for 2 hours at 800 ℃ to ensure that the aluminum liquid permeates into the porous pure iron block, preserving heat for 2 hours, taking out and air-cooling to obtain the aluminum alloy reinforced iron-based composite material.
Example 4:
(1) mixing ultra-fine iron powder with particle diameter of 50 μm and NH with particle diameter of 450 μm4HCO3The mass ratio of the particles is 4: 1 ratio is weighed on a weighing balance, and then placed in a V-shaped powder mixer to be rotationally mixed for 5 hours.
(2) And (3) putting the uniformly mixed powder into a square die (length multiplied by width multiplied by height, 30mm multiplied by 10mm multiplied by 5mm), pressing and forming the powder at room temperature by a hydraulic press, wherein the pressing pressure is 300MPa, and the pressure maintaining time is 5 minutes, and putting the pressed green body into a tubular sintering furnace.
(3) Continuously introducing argon with the purity of 99.9 percent as protective gas into the tubular sintering furnace, heating the tubular sintering furnace from room temperature, heating to 300 ℃ after 30 minutes, keeping the temperature for 2 hours, and introducing high-purity argon to remove NH4HCO3CO produced by decomposition2And NH3Continuously discharging, heating to 1000 ℃, preserving heat for 2.5 hours, and then cooling to room temperature along with the furnace to obtain the porous pure iron block.
(4) Placing the as-cast 6061 aluminum block into a small smelting furnace, heating the smelting furnace from room temperature to 800 ℃ to completely melt the aluminum block, placing the porous pure iron block obtained by sintering into the smelting furnace filled with aluminum liquid, preserving heat for 2 hours at 800 ℃ to ensure that the aluminum liquid permeates into the porous pure iron block, preserving heat for 2 hours, taking out and air-cooling to obtain the aluminum alloy reinforced iron-based composite material.
Example 5:
(1) mixing ultra-fine iron powder with a particle diameter of 50 μm and NH with a particle diameter of 500 μm4HCO3The mass ratio of the particles is 9: 1 ratio is weighed on a weighing balance, and then placed in a V-shaped powder mixer to be rotationally mixed for 5 hours.
(2) And (3) putting the uniformly mixed powder into a square die (length multiplied by width multiplied by height, 30mm multiplied by 10mm multiplied by 5mm), pressing and forming the powder at room temperature by a hydraulic press, wherein the pressing pressure is 300MPa, and the pressure maintaining time is 5 minutes, and putting the pressed green body into a tubular sintering furnace.
(3) Argon with the purity of 99.9 percent is continuously introduced into the tubular sintering furnace as protective gas, the tubular sintering furnace is heated from room temperature, the temperature is raised to 300 ℃ after 30 minutes and is kept for 2.5 hours, and NH is introduced by the introduced high-purity argon4HCO3CO produced by decomposition2And NH3Continuously discharging, heating to 1000 ℃, preserving heat for 3 hours, and then cooling to room temperature along with the furnace to obtain the porous pure iron block.
(4) Placing the as-cast 6061 aluminum block into a small smelting furnace, heating the smelting furnace from room temperature to 800 ℃ to completely melt the aluminum block, placing the porous pure iron block obtained by sintering into the smelting furnace filled with aluminum liquid, preserving heat for 2 hours at 800 ℃ to ensure that the aluminum liquid permeates into the porous pure iron block, preserving heat for 2 hours, taking out and air-cooling to obtain the aluminum alloy reinforced iron-based composite material.
And testing the damping performance of the finally obtained aluminum alloy reinforced iron-based composite material and the pure iron matrix. The internal consumption value and the characteristic temperature of the sample are continuously measured in the temperature range of 30-350 ℃ by adopting a dynamic mechanical analyzer (DMA Q800, TA), a single-cantilever strain control mode is selected, and the heating rate is 5 ℃/min.
The damping performance of the aluminum alloy reinforced iron-based composite material is as follows: the internal consumption value at 30 ℃ is 0.0202-0.0476, the internal consumption value at 100 ℃ is 0.0197-0.0386, the internal consumption value at 200 ℃ is 0.0206-0.372, and the internal consumption value at 300 ℃ is 0.0203-0.0368.
Specific data of the damping performance test of the aluminum alloy reinforced iron-based composite material and the pure iron matrix thereof obtained by the invention are shown in the following table.
Figure BDA0002286190410000051

Claims (2)

1. A kind ofThe high-damping aluminum alloy reinforced iron-based composite material is characterized in that the reinforced phase of the iron-based composite material is aluminum alloy, the matrix is a porous pure iron block obtained by sintering pure iron powder, and the pore-forming agent is NH4HCO3The particle size is 300-500 μm, and the content of the reinforcing phase in the matrix is 10-50%.
2. The high-damping aluminum alloy reinforced iron-based composite material as recited in claim 1, wherein the preparation method of the aluminum alloy reinforced iron-based composite material comprises the following specific steps:
(1) mixing iron powder and NH4HCO3Placing the particles in a V-shaped powder mixer according to a certain proportion, rotationally mixing for 5 hours, then placing a certain amount of uniformly mixed powder in a square mould, wherein the specification of the mould is 30mm in length, 10mm in width and 5mm in height, pressing and molding the powder at room temperature through a universal material testing machine, wherein the pressing force is 200-300MPa, and placing the pressed green body in a quartz tube sintering furnace;
(2) argon with the purity of 99.9 percent is continuously introduced into the tubular sintering furnace as protective gas, the tubular sintering furnace is heated from room temperature, the temperature is raised to 150-300 ℃ after 30 minutes, the temperature is kept for 1-2 hours, and NH is introduced into the tubular sintering furnace by the introduced high-purity argon4HCO3CO produced by decomposition2And NH3Continuously discharging, heating to 1000 ℃, preserving heat for 1-2 hours, sintering, and cooling to room temperature along with the furnace to obtain porous pure iron;
(3) placing the cast aluminum alloy into a small smelting furnace, heating the smelting furnace from room temperature to 800 ℃ to completely melt aluminum blocks, placing the sintered porous pure iron into the smelting furnace, preserving heat at 800 ℃ for 2 hours to enable the aluminum liquid to permeate into the porous pure iron, and then taking out the sample for air cooling to obtain the aluminum alloy reinforced iron-based composite material.
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CN113174543A (en) * 2021-04-23 2021-07-27 西南交通大学 Composite material of Mn-Cu-based alloy filled with Fe-Cr-based porous metal and preparation method thereof

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