CN111011155A - Special compound soil for magnolia denudata and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents

Special compound soil for magnolia denudata and preparation method and application thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN111011155A
CN111011155A CN201911317026.8A CN201911317026A CN111011155A CN 111011155 A CN111011155 A CN 111011155A CN 201911317026 A CN201911317026 A CN 201911317026A CN 111011155 A CN111011155 A CN 111011155A
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soil
magnolia
magnolia denudata
bio
special
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张浪
张冬梅
傅仁杰
田彦
黄绍敏
尹丽娟
郝冠军
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Shanghai Academy of Landscape Architecture Science and Planning
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G24/00Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
    • A01G24/10Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G17/00Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
    • A01G17/005Cultivation methods
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G24/00Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
    • A01G24/10Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
    • A01G24/12Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material containing soil minerals
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G24/00Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
    • A01G24/10Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
    • A01G24/12Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material containing soil minerals
    • A01G24/15Calcined rock, e.g. perlite, vermiculite or clay aggregates
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G24/00Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
    • A01G24/20Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G24/00Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
    • A01G24/20Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
    • A01G24/22Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material containing plant material
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G24/00Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
    • A01G24/30Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing synthetic organic compounds
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05BPHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
    • C05B7/00Fertilisers based essentially on alkali or ammonium orthophosphates
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05GMIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
    • C05G3/00Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Soil Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
  • Botany (AREA)
  • Fertilizers (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a special compound soil for magnolia denudata, which comprises the following components in parts by mass: 70-82% of nutrient soil, 15-27% of bio-organic fertilizer, 0.2-0.3% of growth regulator, 0.1-0.2% of trace elements, 0.002-0.005% of root promoter, 0.005-0.025% of chelating agent and 2-3% of bactericide. The compound soil has multiple functions, can adjust the pH value of soil while providing nutrient substances, reduces the salt alkalinity of the soil, passivates heavy metals in the soil, promotes the absorption of root nutrients, improves the physical structure of the rhizosphere soil of the magnolia denudata street tree, creates the native environment soil environment of the magnolia denudata, shortens the growth recovery period after the transplanting of the big tree, and accelerates the growth and the flowering of the big tree.

Description

Special compound soil for magnolia denudata and preparation method and application thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of forest planting, in particular to special compound soil for magnolia denudata and a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
The magnolia denudata is an ornamental tree species in early spring and is also a common urban greening street tree species, and the root system of the magnolia denudata is straight-rooted, fleshy and not resistant to water and moisture, so that the requirements on the underground water level and the water permeability of soil are very high.
The prepared soil is soil which is artificially intervened and prepared and meets the healthy and rapid growth conditions of plants, and is mainly characterized in that original soil, foreign soil, organic and inorganic improved materials and microbial agents are scientifically prepared according to the site conditions, so that the prepared soil has better physical properties, higher biological activity and environment regulation and control capability, and can more comprehensively meet the soil conditions of plant growth and development.
The magnolia denudata is used as the street tree, after the magnolia denudata is transplanted, a large number of root systems can be cut off, the roots are seriously damaged, the rapid growth of capillary roots is difficult, the problems of compaction, lack of nutrition, high pH value and the like generally exist in urban road soil, the environment has great influence on the recovery of the root systems of the magnolia denudata after the magnolia denudata is transplanted, and therefore the inventor provides the special compound soil for the magnolia denudata.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to: the special blend soil for the magnolia denudata and the preparation method and application thereof can have multiple functions, can play a role in adjusting the pH value of soil while providing nutrient substances, reduce the salt alkalinity of the soil, passivate heavy metals in the soil, promote the absorption of root nutrients, improve the physical structure of the rhizosphere soil of the magnolia denudata street tree, create the native environment soil environment of the magnolia denudata, shorten the growth recovery period of the transplanted magnolia denudata and accelerate the growth and flowering of the magnolia denudata.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
in order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides special compound soil for magnolia denudata, which comprises the following components in parts by mass: 70-82% of nutrient soil, 15-27% of bio-organic fertilizer, 0.2-0.3% of growth regulator, 0.1-0.2% of trace elements, 0.002-0.005% of root promoter, 0.005-0.025% of chelating agent and 2-3% of bactericide.
Preferably, the compound soil comprises the following components in parts by mass: 75% of nutrient soil, 22% of bio-organic fertilizer, 0.3% of growth regulator, 0.2% of trace elements, 0.003% of root-promoting agent, 0.015% of chelating agent and 2.482% of bactericide.
Preferably, the nutrient soil is a mixture of garden soil, manure soil, mountain mud, river sand, plant ash, slag, vermiculite and perlite. The garden soil and the animal manure soil contain rich organic matters and humic acid, and the fertility is higher and the granular structure is good due to frequent fertilization and cultivation; the mountain mud, river sand, plant ash, furnace slag, vermiculite and perlite can reasonably adjust the physical structure of the soil, and the environment-friendly planting matrix is used to change waste into valuable and enhance the water retention and air permeability of the soil.
Preferably, the mass fractions of the components in the nutrient soil are respectively as follows: 20% of vegetable garden soil, 10% of animal manure soil, 10% of mountain mud, 10% of river sand, 5% of plant ash, 17% of furnace slag, and 28% of vermiculite and perlite.
Preferably, the Bio-organic fertilizer is a mixture of animal wastes, soybean meal, straws, bamboo charcoal, sugar residues and Bio-g bioremediation agents. Animal waste, bean pulp, straw, bamboo charcoal and sugar residues can provide comprehensive nutrients for crops, improve soil, improve the physical and chemical properties of the soil, enhance the water retention, fertilizer retention and fertilizer supply capabilities of the soil, relieve soil hardening caused by long-term use of chemical fertilizers, and increase beneficial bacteria, soil microorganisms and populations at the same time; bio-g bioremediation agents (mainly pseudomonas and actinomyces) can absorb toxic and harmful gases emitted by automobiles, remove peculiar smell emitted by automobile fuel oil, and convert the toxic and harmful substances into nontoxic or low-toxic substances through enzymatic or redox reaction.
Preferably, the mass fractions of the components in the bio-organic fertilizer are as follows: 19.8% of animal waste, 20% of soybean meal, 20% of straw, 20% of bamboo charcoal, 20% of sugar residue and 0.2% of Bio-g bioremediation agent.
Preferably, the growth regulator adopts sodium fulvate, the trace element adopts potassium dihydrogen phosphate, the root promoting powder adopts potassium indolebutyrate, the chelating agent adopts ethylenediamine disuccinic acid, and the bactericide adopts thiram.
The sodium fulvate is a pure natural mineral active potassium element fertilizer, and the potassium fulvate contains multiple nutrient components such as trace elements, rare earth elements, plant growth regulators, virus inhibitors and the like, so that the nutrients are more sufficient and the supply is more reasonable, thereby avoiding various physiological diseases of crops caused by the lack of elements and enabling the white magnolia to be more vigorous and have more dark green leaves. Meanwhile, the potassium fulvate can supplement nutrients lost in soil in time, so that the soil is activated, the soil is vital, continuous cropping diseases caused by excessive absorption of nutrients in the soil are reduced, the product can completely replace potassium sulfate or potassium chloride and potassium magnesium sulfate with the same content, and the product is natural and environment-friendly.
The monopotassium phosphate belongs to a high-efficiency phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer in agriculture and forestry planting, can promote nutrient absorption of nitrogen and phosphorus elements by plants, promote photosynthesis, improve stress resistance and regulate growth and flowering.
The potassium indolebutyrate can induce the formation of a root protomer, promote the differentiation and division of cells, promote the generation of a new root, the differentiation of a vascular bundle system and the formation of an adventitious root. Aiming at the transplantation of the magnolia denudata big tree, the magnolia denudata big tree can promote the division and growth of damaged cells at the root and accelerate the repair of damaged components at the root. Meanwhile, the growth of the main root can be promoted, and the germination rate is improved, so that the aim of improving the survival rate of the magnolia denudata after transplantation is fulfilled.
The ethylenediamine disuccinic acid can form a stable chelate with heavy metals, and has extremely strong chelating ability. The white magnolia is more susceptible to human and plant diseases and insect pests in the road environment, and higher improvement requirements are put forward on the transplanted formulated soil. Researches show that the condition that heavy metal ions in the soil beside roads exceed the standard is serious because the soil is influenced by automobile exhaust for a long time, and EDDS has different activation effects on Cu, Zn, Cd and Pb in sludge, has strong metal chelating capacity and is a new-generation biodegradable green chelating agent.
The thiram is named as tetramethyl thiuram disulfide, is a protective bactericide, belongs to broad-spectrum protective thiram series bactericides and is mainly used for killing sundry bacteria around root balls and preventing the damaged root system from infecting and rotting and the callus of the root system from forming slowly.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the special compound soil for magnolia denudata, which comprises the following steps: the nutrient soil and the bio-organic fertilizer are prepared respectively, after the prepared nutrient soil is placed for 10 days (in order to prevent bactericides in the nutrient soil from killing beneficial bacteria in the bio-organic fertilizer), all the raw materials are uniformly mixed, and the mixture is bagged to obtain the special compound soil for the magnolia denudata.
The invention also provides application of the special white magnolia blending soil in promoting root system recovery after white magnolia transplantation.
Preferably, the application method of the special compound soil for magnolia denudata comprises the following steps: firstly, calculating the soil consumption, then placing the white magnolia transplanted seedlings with soil balls on the steamed bun-shaped soil stacked in the planting holes, backfilling and compacting with the formulated soil, and filling the formulated soil to enable the tree holes to be in a bulge shape with high middle and low periphery for further maintenance at the later stage.
Preferably, the step of calculating the soil consumption comprises the steps of calculating the required amount of the prepared soil according to the volume of the tree pit, calculating the amount of the prepared soil required for raising the bottom of the pit and calculating the amount of the prepared soil required to be backfilled after the magnolia denudata is transplanted.
In summary, due to the adoption of the technical scheme, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the compound soil provided by the invention is rich in nutrition and has multiple functions, potassium dihydrogen phosphate is used as a phosphorus source, the compound soil can also play a role in adjusting the pH value of the soil while providing nutrient substances, the salt alkalinity of the soil is reduced, the chelating agent adsorbs and eliminates toxic and harmful gases in the air, heavy metals in the soil are passivated at the same time, the root wound healing of the large magnolia denudata tree is accelerated by the root promoting agent, the absorption of root nutrients is promoted, the components are mutually matched, the physical structure of the rhizosphere soil of the magnolia denudata tree is improved together, the native environment soil environment of the magnolia denudata is created, the growth recovery period after the large magnolia denudata is transplanted is shortened, and the growth and flowering of the large magnolia denud.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the following embodiments, and it should be understood that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1
The special compound soil for the magnolia denudata comprises the following components in parts by mass: 81.5 percent of nutrient soil, 15 percent of bio-organic fertilizer, 0.3 percent of growth regulator, 0.2 percent of trace elements, 0.005 percent of root promoter, 0.025 percent of chelating agent and 2.97 percent of bactericide.
Wherein the nutrient soil comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 20% of vegetable garden soil, 10% of animal manure soil, 10% of mountain mud, 10% of river sand, 5% of plant ash, 17% of furnace slag, and 28% of vermiculite and perlite.
The biological organic fertilizer comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 19.8% of animal waste, 20% of soybean meal, 20% of straw, 20% of bamboo charcoal, 20% of sugar residue and 0.2% of Bio-g bioremediation agent.
A preparation method of special compound soil for magnolia denudata comprises the following steps: the nutrient soil and the bio-organic fertilizer are prepared respectively, after the prepared nutrient soil is placed for 10 days (in order to prevent bactericides in the nutrient soil from killing beneficial bacteria in the bio-organic fertilizer), all the raw materials are uniformly mixed, and the mixture is bagged to obtain the special compound soil for the magnolia denudata.
The application method of the special compound soil for magnolia denudata provided by the invention comprises the following steps: firstly, calculating the soil consumption comprises calculating the required amount of the formulated soil according to the volume of a tree pit, calculating the amount of the formulated soil required for raising the bottom of the pit and the amount of the formulated soil required for backfilling after the magnolia denudata is transplanted, then placing the transplanted seedlings of the magnolia denudata with soil balls on the steamed bun-shaped soil stacked in the planting pits, backfilling and compacting with the formulated soil, and filling the formulated soil to enable the tree pit to be in a shape of a bulge with a high middle and a low periphery so as to be further maintained at a later period.
Example 2
The difference between the present embodiment and embodiment 1 is that the prepared soil comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 71.4 percent of nutrient soil, 26.103 percent of bio-organic fertilizer, 0.2 percent of growth regulator, 0.1 percent of trace elements, 0.002 percent of root promoting agent, 0.005 percent of chelating agent and 2.19 percent of bactericide.
Example 3
The difference between the present embodiment and embodiment 1 is that the prepared soil comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 75% of nutrient soil, 22% of bio-organic fertilizer, 0.3% of growth regulator, 0.2% of trace elements, 0.003% of root-promoting agent, 0.015% of chelating agent and 2.482% of bactericide.
Control test
To verify the effect of the product of the present invention, the inventors conducted the following control test.
1. Design of a test group: a large amount of white magnolia is transplanted on two sides of the Chongming white magnolia road, and the formulated soil in the embodiments 1-3 of the invention is used during transplantation, and a large-scale landscape road is formed after a period of maintenance. In the middle 6 months of 2018 and 2019, respectively, newly-emerged 15 branches are selected for data measurement.
2. Design of control group: the overall length of the Fuping road (Guangquan road-Zhenhua road) in Shanghai Putuo district is about 170m, the road tree in the middle section of the road is mainly characterized by taking white magnolia as a theme, is one of the characteristic landscape promotion items of 'one road and one flower' in the Putuo district, and the prepared soil in the control groups 1-3 is used during transplantation. In the middle 6 months of 2018 and 2019, respectively, newly-emerged 15 branches are selected for data measurement.
3. The formula components and the characteristics of the raw soil of the experimental group and the control group are analyzed, and are shown in the following tables 1 and 2:
TABLE 1 ingredient of formulation soil for experimental group and control group
Figure BDA0002326103430000041
Figure BDA0002326103430000051
Note: the organic compound fertilizer is a compound fertilizer of ammonium dihydrogen phosphate and potassium nitrate.
TABLE 2 analysis of the properties of the blend soils of the experimental and control groups
Figure BDA0002326103430000052
Note: C/N ratio calculation mode: organic matter/(1.74 × full N) ═ C/N
4. Effect verification: newly-discovered 15 branches are selected in 6-month middle ten days of 2018 and 2019 respectively for data measurement, the effect of the invention on the allocated soil is verified, and the investigation results are shown in tables 3 and 4.
Table 3, 2018 application of compound soil in investigation of effects of white magnolia after transplanting
Figure BDA0002326103430000053
Figure BDA0002326103430000061
Table 4, 2019 Effect investigation of the formulated soil after white magnolia is transplanted
Figure BDA0002326103430000062
Note: the root growth condition of the street tree cannot be measured, and the growth recovery condition of the transplanted magnolia denudata can be indirectly reflected only through four indexes of the diameter at breast height, the crown and the number of new leaves on the ground.
5. And (4) conclusion: the comparative test shows that in 2018 and 2019 after the magnolia denudata is transplanted, the survival rate, the growth potential and the average number of new leaves on one branch of the magnolia denudata using the formulated soil of the patent are obviously improved, and particularly, the formulated soil of the embodiment 3 has the best growth recovery effect after being applied, and is the most preferred formulation. The verification result shows that the formula of the compounded soil provided by the invention really has a good promoting effect on growth recovery of the white magnolia after transplantation, and is suitable for transplantation of the white magnolia street trees.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above examples are only intended to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, but not to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; these modifications and substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solution to depart from the scope of the technical solution of the embodiments of the present invention, and are intended to be covered by the claims and the specification of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. The special compound soil for magnolia denudata is characterized by comprising the following components in parts by mass: 70-82% of nutrient soil, 15-27% of bio-organic fertilizer, 0.2-0.3% of growth regulator, 0.1-0.2% of trace elements, 0.002-0.005% of root promoter, 0.005-0.025% of chelating agent and 2-3% of bactericide.
2. The special compound soil for magnolia denudata according to claim 1, wherein the compound soil comprises the following components in parts by mass: 75% of nutrient soil, 22% of bio-organic fertilizer, 0.3% of growth regulator, 0.2% of trace elements, 0.003% of root-promoting agent, 0.015% of chelating agent and 2.482% of bactericide.
3. The special compound soil for magnolia denudata as claimed in claim 1, wherein the nutrient soil is a mixture of garden soil, manure soil, mountain mud, river sand, plant ash, slag, vermiculite and perlite.
4. The special compound soil for magnolia denudata according to claim 3, wherein the mass fractions of the components in the nutrient soil are respectively: 20% of vegetable garden soil, 10% of animal manure soil, 10% of mountain mud, 10% of river sand, 5% of plant ash, 17% of furnace slag, and 28% of vermiculite and perlite.
5. The special compound soil for magnolia denudata as claimed in claim 1, wherein the Bio-organic fertilizer is a mixture of animal waste, soybean meal, straw, bamboo charcoal, sugar residue and Bio-g bioremediation agent.
6. The special rhizobium yulan compost as claimed in claim 5, wherein the mass fraction of each component in the bio-organic fertilizer is as follows: 19.8% of animal waste, 20% of soybean meal, 20% of straw, 20% of bamboo charcoal, 20% of sugar residue and 0.2% of Bio-g bioremediation agent.
7. The special compound soil for magnolia denudata as claimed in claim 1, wherein sodium fulvate is used as the growth regulator, potassium dihydrogen phosphate is used as the trace element, potassium indolebutyrate is used as the root promoting powder, ethylenediamine disuccinic acid is used as the chelating agent, and thiram is used as the bactericide.
8. The preparation method of the special white magnolia regel bur soil according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized by comprising the following steps: the nutrient soil and the bio-organic fertilizer are prepared respectively, after the prepared nutrient soil is placed for 10 days, all the raw materials are mixed uniformly, and the mixture is bagged to obtain the special compound soil for the magnolia denudata.
9. The use of the special white yulan magnolia regel soil according to any one of claims 1 to 7 or the special white yulan magnolia regel soil prepared by the method according to claim 8 for promoting the root system recovery after the white yulan magnolia transplantation.
10. The application of the special compound soil for magnolia denudata as claimed in claim 9, wherein the application method of the compound soil is as follows: firstly, calculating the soil consumption, then placing the white magnolia transplanted seedlings with soil balls on the steamed bun-shaped soil stacked in the planting holes, backfilling and compacting with the complex soil, and filling the complex soil to enable the tree holes to be in a bulge shape with high middle and low periphery.
CN201911317026.8A 2019-12-19 2019-12-19 Special compound soil for magnolia denudata and preparation method and application thereof Pending CN111011155A (en)

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Application publication date: 20200417