CN111006527B - Plug for heat pipe in heat exchanger and vacuum sealing method for heat pipe in heat exchanger - Google Patents
Plug for heat pipe in heat exchanger and vacuum sealing method for heat pipe in heat exchanger Download PDFInfo
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- CN111006527B CN111006527B CN201911148397.8A CN201911148397A CN111006527B CN 111006527 B CN111006527 B CN 111006527B CN 201911148397 A CN201911148397 A CN 201911148397A CN 111006527 B CN111006527 B CN 111006527B
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D15/00—Heat-exchange apparatus with the intermediate heat-transfer medium in closed tubes passing into or through the conduit walls ; Heat-exchange apparatus employing intermediate heat-transfer medium or bodies
- F28D15/02—Heat-exchange apparatus with the intermediate heat-transfer medium in closed tubes passing into or through the conduit walls ; Heat-exchange apparatus employing intermediate heat-transfer medium or bodies in which the medium condenses and evaporates, e.g. heat pipes
- F28D15/0283—Means for filling or sealing heat pipes
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- Welding Or Cutting Using Electron Beams (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a plug for a heat pipe in a heat pipe exchanger and a vacuum sealing method for the heat pipe in the heat pipe exchanger. A vacuum sealing method for heat pipe in heat exchanger features that the sealing head and plug are respectively used to weld and seal two ends of pipeline, and after the heat pipe is vacuumized, the vacuum electron beam welding is performed to exhaust channel to obtain sealed heat pipe. The vacuum electron beam welding technology is combined with the traditional welding technology, the problem that the high-strength and low-toughness material for the heat pipe cannot realize vacuum sealing is solved, the vacuum state sealing in the heat pipe can be realized only by one-time electron beam welding, and a better using effect is achieved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of welding of parts and metal materials in a heat exchanger, in particular to a plug for a heat pipe in the heat exchanger and a vacuum sealing method for the heat pipe in the heat exchanger.
Background
The heat pipe type heat exchanger has the advantages of high heat transfer efficiency, compact structure, small pressure loss and the like, is widely applied to the industries of metallurgy, chemical engineering, oil refining, boilers, transportation, machinery and electronics, and has super heat conductivity and isothermal property, so that the heat pipe type heat exchanger becomes one of ideal tools for controlling temperature in the heat exchange technology. The heat pipe formed by the metal shell is filled with heat transfer working fluid, the interior of the heat pipe is usually required to be in a negative pressure state, the existing negative pressure type heat pipe is mostly made of copper alloy materials at present, and for copper alloy, the copper alloy materials have good plasticity and toughness, so the heat pipe can be sealed in a mechanical pressing mode. However, in some high-end heat exchangers, the materials with higher strength, such as titanium alloy and stainless steel, are limited by working conditions, but the toughness of the materials is poor, and the heat pipe is broken due to the fact that the materials are sealed in a mechanical compression mode, and negative pressure sealing cannot be achieved.
Therefore, the vacuum sealing of the high-strength, low-ductility heat pipe becomes an important factor that hinders the development of the heat pipe heat exchanger.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present invention provides a plug for a heat pipe in a heat pipe exchanger and a vacuum sealing method for a heat pipe in a heat exchanger, wherein the plug can be used to effectively seal a pipe body, vacuum state sealing in the heat pipe can be realized by combining a vacuum electron beam welding technology and a conventional welding technology, and meanwhile, welding strength of the plug and a sealing head position is effectively ensured.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention to solve the technical problems is as follows: the heat pipe comprises a pipeline body, a seal head and a plug, wherein the plug is used for sealing one end of the pipeline body, the plug comprises a plug body which can be welded with the end part of the pipeline body, the upper part of the plug body is provided with an exhaust channel with the extending direction consistent with the extending direction of the pipeline body, one end of the exhaust channel extends to the top of the plug body, the other end of the exhaust channel is communicated with a groove positioned at the lower part of the plug body, a bottom plate fixedly connected with the peripheral wall of the groove is arranged in the groove, a gap is reserved between the upper surface of the bottom plate and the side wall opposite to the bottom plate in the groove, the bottom plate is provided with an exhaust hole communicated with the pipeline body and the gap, and a space is reserved between the exhaust hole and the projection of the exhaust channel on the bottom plate; the gas in the heat pipe can be discharged to the outside of the heat pipe through the gap and the exhaust channel in sequence along the exhaust hole.
Preferably, the gap is 0.2-0.5 mm.
Preferably, the groove is cylindrical, the bottom plate comprises a cylindrical main body part coaxial with the groove, a plurality of connecting parts fixedly connected with the inner wall of the groove are arranged on the side surface of the main body part, and the space formed by the adjacent connecting parts and the inner wall of the groove is an exhaust hole.
Preferably, the cross-section of the exhaust passage is circular.
The vacuum sealing method of the heat pipe in the heat exchanger, it utilizes end socket and above-mentioned end cap to weld the both ends of the pipeline body separately and seal; the method comprises the following steps:
cleaning a pipeline body, a seal head and a plug, and welding the seal head and one end of the pipeline body together;
step two, filling heat exchange liquid into the pipe from the free port of the pipe body;
welding the free end of the pipeline body and the lower end face of the plug body in the plug together;
step four, vacuumizing the heat pipe processed in the step three from the exhaust channel;
step five, after the vacuum state is pumped, carrying out vacuum electron beam welding on the exhaust channel by using a vacuum electron beam welding machine; the vacuum electron beam welding takes the circle center of the exhaust channel as the center, and the diameter of the electron beam is larger than that of the exhaust channel;
and step six, after welding is finished, vacuum cooling is carried out to room temperature, and the sealed heat pipe is obtained.
Preferably, in the step one, the welding method is laser welding, electron beam welding or TIG welding; and/or, in the third step, the welding method is laser welding or TIG welding.
Preferably, the material of the heat pipe is titanium alloy, steel, aluminum alloy or copper alloy.
Preferably, in the fifth step, when the material of the heat pipe is titanium alloy, the welding process of the electron beam welding is as follows: the welding speed is 500-3000 mm/min, the acceleration voltage is 150KV, the beam current of the electron beam is 2-20 mA, and the working distance is 200-1000 mm.
Preferably, in the fifth step, the diameter of the exhaust channel is 0.2-1.2 mm, and the diameter of the electron beam is 0.5-3 mm.
Has the advantages that:
as described above, the plug for the heat pipe in the heat pipe exchanger and the vacuum sealing method for the heat pipe in the heat exchanger of the present invention have the following beneficial effects:
1. the plug body in the plug is welded with the pipeline body, so that the pipeline body can be effectively sealed, the bottom plate fixedly connected with the plug body can reduce the change of air pressure difference in the welding process, and can prevent molten metal from falling when vacuum electron beam welding is carried out on an exhaust channel, so that large-fusion-depth sealing welding can be realized at one time.
2. The end socket and the pipeline body are welded firstly, one end of the pipeline body is sealed, the end cap body of the end cap is welded with the other end of the pipeline body, the heat pipe forms a relatively closed space which only has an exhaust channel and can exhaust, then the heat pipe is vacuumized, after the heat pipe is vacuumized to be in a vacuum state, a vacuum electron beam welding machine is used for carrying out vacuum electron beam welding on the exhaust channel, and after the welding is finished, the heat pipe is subjected to vacuum cooling to room temperature, and the sealed heat pipe is obtained. The invention solves the problem that the high-strength and low-toughness material for the heat pipe cannot realize vacuum sealing by combining the vacuum electron beam welding technology with the traditional welding under the assistance of the plug, can realize vacuum state sealing in the heat pipe by only one-time electron beam welding, simultaneously effectively ensures the welding strength of the plug and the end socket, and achieves better use effect.
3. The heat pipe manufactured by the method has the characteristics of high welding strength and good reliability, and can be used under a high-pressure working condition.
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the drawings and specific examples.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the structure of a heat pipe according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a sectional view of a heat pipe in the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the principle of vacuum electron beam welding of a bulkhead.
The device comprises graphic marks, 1, a plug, 11, a plug body, 12, an exhaust channel, 13, a bottom plate, 2, a pipeline body, 3 and a seal head.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention is provided for illustrative purposes, and other advantages and effects of the present invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art from the present disclosure.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that unless otherwise explicitly stated or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "disposed" are to be construed broadly and can be, for example, fixedly connected, disposed, detachably connected, disposed, or integrally connected and disposed; the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.
The plug for the heat pipe in the heat pipe exchanger and the vacuum sealing method for the heat pipe in the heat exchanger are mainly used for manufacturing the heat pipe in the heat exchanger. Specifically, as shown in fig. 1-2, a plug 1 for a heat pipe in a heat pipe exchanger is provided, the heat pipe includes a pipe body 2, a head 3 fixed to one end of the pipe body 2, and a plug 1 for sealing one end of the pipe body 2 away from the head 3, the plug 1 includes a plug body 11 capable of being welded to the pipe body 2, an exhaust passage 12 having an extending direction identical to the extending direction of the pipe body 2 is provided at an upper portion of the plug body 11, one end of the exhaust passage 12 extends to a top of the plug body 11, the other end is communicated with a groove located at a lower portion of the plug body 11, a bottom plate 13 matched with the groove is fixed in the groove, a gap is provided between an upper surface of the bottom plate 13 and a side wall (referred to as top wall of the groove in fig. 1) opposite to the upper surface of the groove, an exhaust hole capable of communicating the inside of the pipe body with the gap is provided on the bottom plate 13, a space is reserved between the exhaust holes and the projection of the exhaust channel on the bottom plate 13; the gas in the heat pipe can be discharged to the outside of the heat pipe through the gap and the exhaust passage 13 in order along the exhaust hole. It should be noted that the position of the exhaust hole on the bottom plate 13 may be any position except for a circular area right below the exhaust passage 12, and the diameter of the circular area is slightly larger than the diameter of the electron beam.
In detail, the gap is 0.2-0.5 mm.
In detail, the groove is cylindrical, the bottom plate 13 includes a cylindrical main body portion coaxial with the groove, a plurality of connecting portions fixedly connected with the circumferential wall of the groove are provided on the side surface of the main body portion, and a space formed by adjacent connecting portions and the inner wall of the groove is an exhaust hole.
In detail, the cross-sectional shape of the exhaust duct 12 is not limited, and in practical use, the exhaust duct 12 having a circular cross-section is conveniently processed and is advantageous for the subsequent welding of the vacuum electron beam, so that the cross-section of the exhaust duct 12 is generally designed to be circular.
The vacuum sealing method of the heat pipe in the heat exchanger, it utilizes end socket 3 and above-mentioned end cap 1 to weld the both ends of the body 2 of the pipeline separately and seal; the sealing method comprises the following steps:
cleaning a pipeline body 2, an end socket 1 and a plug 3, and welding the end socket 1 and one end of the pipeline body 2 together (laser welding, electron beam welding or TIG welding);
step two, filling heat exchange liquid into the pipe from the free end of the pipeline body 2;
welding (laser welding or TIG welding) the free end of the pipeline body 2 and the bottom surface of the plug body 11 in the plug 3 together;
step four, vacuumizing the heat pipe processed in the step three from the exhaust channel 12;
step five, vacuumizing the heat pipe in a vacuum electron beam welding machine, wherein gas in the heat pipe is discharged from an exhaust channel of the plug 1, wherein a part of liquid in the heat pipe is discharged in a steam form, and the steam dissipation amount can be reflected by an electronic balance weighing mode arranged in the vacuum electron beam welding machine; when the steam dissipation amount reaches a preset target (the preset target is generally related to the design structure and the size of the heat pipe, and the vacuum state is considered to be reached when the evaporation dissipation amount is about 5g generally), namely the vacuum state is considered to be reached inside the heat pipe, and vacuum electron beam welding is started to carry out vacuum electron beam welding on the exhaust channel 12 by using a vacuum electron beam welding machine; as shown in fig. 3, the vacuum electron beam welding is centered around the center of the circle of the exhaust channel 12, and the diameter of the electron beam is larger than that of the exhaust channel 12; the bottom plate 13 can prevent that the electron beam from welding through at welding process for the molten metal tenesmus, can effectively reduce the change of exhaust passage 12 department vacuum simultaneously, and bottom plate 13 can effectively slow down the influence that the atmospheric pressure difference produced to electron beam welding process in end cap 3, and the welding time is about 2s can realize the sealed of exhaust passage 12 department.
And step six, after welding is finished, vacuum cooling is carried out for 10min, vacuum is removed, and a welded test piece is taken out, so that the sealed heat pipe is obtained.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in the fifth step, the diameter of the exhaust channel is 0.2 to 1.2mm, and the diameter of the electron beam is 0.5 to 3 mm.
The sealing method can be suitable for heat pipes made of various materials, and specifically, the material of the heat pipe can be titanium alloy, steel, aluminum alloy or copper alloy.
As an embodiment of the present invention, when the material of the heat pipe is titanium alloy, the welding process of the electron beam welding is as follows: the welding speed is 500-3000 mm/min, the acceleration voltage is 150KV, the beam current of the electron beam is 2-20 mA, and the working distance is 200-1000 mm.
Example 1
Assembling a titanium alloy heat pipe, then respectively carrying out ultrasonic cleaning by using acetone and alcohol solvent to remove oil stains, carrying out laser welding on an end socket 3 and a pipeline body 2 to form a tube with a bottom, filling enough water (120 mL) from the upper part, then welding an end plug body 11 in an end plug 1 with the upper end of the pipeline body 2, then placing the heat pipe in a vacuum electron beam welding machine for vacuumizing, and when the evaporation dissipation amount is reflected to be 5g by an electronic balance weighing mode arranged in the vacuum electron beam welding machine, considering that the interior of the heat pipe reaches a vacuum state. And starting vacuum electron beam sealing, wherein the heat pipe does not move when the electron beam is sealed, welding in an electron beam high-speed scanning movement mode is adopted, the electron beam moves for a circle to be welded according to a circle with a diameter larger than that of the exhaust passage 12 by the coincidence of the center of the electron beam and the circle center of the exhaust passage 12, the diameter of the exhaust passage is 0.5mm, the diameter of the electron beam is 1mm, and the welding time is about 2s, so that the sealing of the exhaust passage 12 can be realized. And after the welding is finished, performing vacuum cooling for 10min, removing the vacuum, taking out the welded test piece, and finishing the whole welding work.
The welding process of the electron beam welding comprises the following steps: the welding speed is 1200mm/min, the acceleration voltage is 150KV, the beam current of the electron beam is 6mA, and the working distance is 600 mm.
Example 2
Example 2 differs from example 1 only in the welding process of electron beam welding: the welding speed is 1200mm/min, the acceleration voltage is 150KV, the beam current of the electron beam is 8mA, and the working distance is 700 mm.
The interior of the heat pipe in the heat pipe exchanger prepared by the invention is in a negative pressure state, the defects of oxidation, cracks, air holes and the like are not found in the metallographic structure at the plug, the size precision is close to the requirement of welding zero deformation, and the heat exchange efficiency meets the requirement.
The embodiments are described in a progressive manner, each embodiment focuses on differences from other embodiments, and the same or similar parts among the embodiments are referred to each other.
The plug for heat pipe in heat pipe exchanger and the method for vacuum sealing heat pipe in heat exchanger provided by the present invention are described in detail above, and the principle and specific implementation of the present invention are explained in the present document by applying specific examples, which are only used to help understanding the method and core idea of the present invention. It should be noted that any simple modification, equivalent change and modification made to the above embodiments according to the technical essence of the present invention are within the protective scope of the present invention to those skilled in the art.
Claims (7)
1. A vacuum sealing method of a heat pipe in a heat exchanger, wherein the heat pipe in the heat exchanger comprises a pipeline body, a seal head and a plug, the plug is used for sealing one end of the pipeline body, and the vacuum sealing method is characterized in that: the plug comprises a plug body which can be welded with the end part of the pipeline body, the upper part of the plug body is provided with an exhaust channel with a circular section, the extension direction of the exhaust channel is consistent with the extension direction of the pipeline body, one end of the exhaust channel extends to the top of the plug body, the other end of the exhaust channel is communicated with a groove positioned at the lower part of the plug body, a bottom plate fixedly connected with the peripheral wall of the groove is arranged in the groove, a gap is reserved between the upper surface of the bottom plate and the opposite side wall in the groove, the bottom plate is provided with an exhaust hole communicated with the pipeline body and the gap, and a space is reserved between the exhaust hole and the projection of the exhaust channel on the bottom plate; the gas in the heat pipe can be discharged to the outside of the heat pipe through the gap and the exhaust channel along the exhaust hole in sequence;
the vacuum sealing method of the heat pipe in the heat exchanger comprises the following steps:
cleaning a pipeline body, a seal head and a plug, and welding the seal head and one end of the pipeline body together;
step two, filling heat exchange liquid into the pipe from the free port of the pipe body;
welding the free end of the pipeline body and the lower end face of the plug body in the plug together;
step four, vacuumizing the heat pipe processed in the step three from the exhaust channel;
step five, after the vacuum state is pumped, carrying out vacuum electron beam welding on the exhaust channel by using a vacuum electron beam welding machine; the vacuum electron beam welding takes the circle center of the exhaust channel as the center, and the diameter of the electron beam is larger than that of the exhaust channel;
and step six, after welding is finished, vacuum cooling is carried out to room temperature, and the sealed heat pipe is obtained.
2. The method for vacuum sealing a heat pipe in a heat exchanger according to claim 1, wherein: the gap is 0.2-0.5 mm.
3. The method for vacuum sealing a heat pipe in a heat exchanger according to claim 1, wherein: the groove is cylindrical, the bottom plate comprises a cylindrical main body part coaxial with the groove, a plurality of connecting parts fixedly connected with the peripheral wall of the groove are arranged on the side face of the main body part, and the space formed by the adjacent connecting parts and the inner wall of the groove is an exhaust hole.
4. The vacuum sealing method for the heat pipe in the heat exchanger according to claim 1, wherein in the first step, the welding method adopted for welding the end socket and one end of the pipeline body together is laser welding, electron beam welding or TIG welding;
and/or the presence of a gas in the gas,
in the third step, the welding method adopted for welding the free end of the pipeline body and the lower end face of the plug body in the plug is laser welding or TIG welding.
5. The vacuum sealing method of a heat pipe in a heat exchanger according to claim 1, wherein the material of the heat pipe is titanium alloy, steel, aluminum alloy or copper alloy.
6. The vacuum sealing method of the heat pipe in the heat exchanger according to claim 5, wherein when the material of the heat pipe is titanium alloy, the welding process of the electron beam welding is as follows: the welding speed is 500-3000 mm/min, the acceleration voltage is 150KV, the beam current of the electron beam is 2-20 mA, and the working distance is 200-1000 mm.
7. The vacuum sealing method for a heat pipe in a heat exchanger according to claim 1, wherein in the fifth step, the diameter of the exhaust passage is 0.2-1.2 mm, and the diameter of the electron beam is 0.5-3 mm.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201911148397.8A CN111006527B (en) | 2019-11-21 | 2019-11-21 | Plug for heat pipe in heat exchanger and vacuum sealing method for heat pipe in heat exchanger |
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| CN201911148397.8A CN111006527B (en) | 2019-11-21 | 2019-11-21 | Plug for heat pipe in heat exchanger and vacuum sealing method for heat pipe in heat exchanger |
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| CN113357947B (en) * | 2021-06-11 | 2023-08-29 | 永安市方热锅炉设备有限公司 | Gravity type heat pipe, boiler and gravity type heat pipe manufacturing method |
| CN114043115B (en) * | 2021-12-08 | 2023-02-10 | 中航西安飞机工业集团股份有限公司 | Method for improving welding quality of closed cavity |
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| JPS5888594A (en) * | 1981-11-24 | 1983-05-26 | Osaka Eyazoole Kogyo Kk | Method of filling heat pipe with operating fluid and sealing opening hole thereof |
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