CN111003795A - Water body in-situ remediation method for strengthening floating ecological bed by using bioelectrochemistry - Google Patents
Water body in-situ remediation method for strengthening floating ecological bed by using bioelectrochemistry Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a water body in-situ remediation method for strengthening a floating ecological bed by utilizing bioelectrochemistry, and relates to a water body remediation method. The invention aims to solve the problems that the prior artificial floating island technology can not achieve effective treatment effect usually only by relying on plant absorption, and the prior strengthening method has short activity maintenance time of the biological agent, limited contact area of biological fillers and high energy consumption. The method comprises the following steps: constructing a bioelectrochemistry reinforced floating ecological bed in a polluted natural water body area, wherein the bioelectrochemistry reinforced floating ecological bed consists of a floating body material layer, a matrix material layer, plants and an electronic conduction material; the electron conduction material is composed of an electron acceptor material, an electron donor material and a conductor material, and the electron acceptor material and the electron donor material are connected with the circuit device through the conductor material to form a closed circuit; the upper and lower parts of the floating body material layer are respectively provided with a substrate material layer and planting holes, and plants are planted in the planting holes.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a water body restoration method.
Background
With the rapid development of urbanization, surface water such as rivers, lakes and the like is seriously polluted, according to the 'Chinese ecological environment condition bulletin' of 2018, the proportion of V-type and inferior V-type water bodies in 1613 water quality sections of national surface water still accounts for 11.4%, the ecological environment is influenced by the eutrophication of the surface water body, and pollutants can harm the health of human bodies by irrigating farmlands or food chains.
The biological/ecological technology is widely applied to surface water in-situ remediation of rivers and lakes due to the advantages of low manufacturing cost, low operation cost, low energy consumption and good effect, and the technology mainly comprises an artificial wetland technology and an artificial floating island technology and reconstructs a water ecosystem by means of metabolism transfer, transformation and degradation of pollutants in water by microorganisms, plants and other organisms. The artificial floating island widely applied to the market at present is made of polymer materials such as reinforced plastics, foamed polystyrene, synthetic resin and the like, a planting basket is arranged in the middle for planting plants, nitrogen and phosphorus nutrients are absorbed by the plants to supply for self growth and remove pollutants in water, however, the plant growth speed and the root length are limited, and the effective treatment effect cannot be achieved by depending on the plant absorption effect. The artificial wetland technology has the advantages of stable effluent quality, strong pollutant removal capacity, low operation cost and the like, but the artificial wetland technology has larger floor area and single configuration, and greatly limits the application range especially for cities with scarce land resources. The traditional strengthening method has certain strengthening effect by adding suspended biological fillers and adding biological agents, but has the problems of short activity maintaining time of the biological agents, limited contact area of the biological fillers and high energy consumption.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a water body in-situ restoration method for strengthening a floating ecological bed by bioelectrochemistry, aiming at solving the problems that the existing artificial floating island technology can not achieve effective treatment effect usually only by relying on plant absorption, and the existing strengthening method has short biological agent activity maintaining time, limited biological filler contact area and high energy consumption.
A water body in-situ restoration method for strengthening a floating ecological bed by utilizing bioelectrochemistry is carried out according to the following steps:
firstly, selecting a polluted natural water body area;
secondly, constructing and fixing a bioelectrochemistry reinforced floating ecological bed in a polluted natural water body area;
the bioelectrochemistry reinforced floating ecological bed is formed by connecting a plurality of monomer bioelectrochemistry reinforced floating ecological beds, and each monomer bioelectrochemistry reinforced floating ecological bed consists of a floating body material layer, a matrix material layer, plants and an electronic conduction material; a substrate material layer is respectively arranged above and below the floating body material layer, a plurality of planting holes are arranged along the thickness direction of the single bioelectrochemistry reinforced floating ecological bed, the planting holes penetrate through the single bioelectrochemistry reinforced floating ecological bed, and planting baskets are arranged in the planting holes and plants are planted in the planting holes;
the electron conduction material is composed of an electron acceptor material, an electron donor material and a conductor material, and the electron acceptor material and the electron donor material are connected with a circuit device through the conductor material to form a closed circuit;
the electron acceptor material is made of carbon fiber wires, carbon fiber brushes are made of the carbon fiber wires and conductor materials with the diameter of 0.05 mm-0.2 mm and are placed in the planting baskets, 2-4 carbon fiber brushes are placed in each planting basket, the diameter of each carbon fiber brush is 3 cm-6 cm, and the length of each carbon fiber brush is 5 cm-10 cm;
or the electron acceptor material is carbon fiber cloth with the thickness of 0.1 mm-0.2 mm, and the carbon fiber cloth is arranged between the matrix material layer and the floating body material layer arranged on the upper layer;
or the electron acceptor material is one or the combination of two of activated carbon particles and biochar particles, the particle size of the activated carbon particles is 5-8 mm, the particle size of the biochar particles is 5-8 mm, the electron acceptor material is placed in a mesh cage made of a conductor material and then placed in the planting basket, and the volume of the electron acceptor material accounts for 1/3-1/2 of the volume of the planting basket;
the electron donor material is made of carbon fiber wires, carbon fiber brushes are made of the carbon fiber wires and conductor materials with the diameter of 0.05 mm-0.2 mm and are hung below the monomer bioelectrochemistry reinforced floating ecological bed, 2-4 carbon fiber brushes are hung below each monomer bioelectrochemistry reinforced floating ecological bed, the diameter of each carbon fiber brush is 3 cm-6 cm, and the length of each carbon fiber brush is 30 cm-100 cm;
or the electron donor material is carbon fiber cloth with the thickness of 0.1 mm-0.2 mm, and the carbon fiber cloth is arranged between the floating body material layer and the matrix material layer arranged at the lower layer;
or the electron donor material is a combination of two or three of carbon fiber wires, activated carbon particles and biochar particles, the particle size of the activated carbon particles is 5-8 mm, the particle size of the biochar particles is 5-8 mm, the carbon fiber wires and a conductor material with the diameter of 0.05-0.2 mm are made into a carbon fiber brush, the diameter of the carbon fiber brush is 3-6 cm, the length of the carbon fiber brush is 30-100 cm, the electron donor material is filled in nylon mesh bags and is suspended below the monomer bioelectrochemistry reinforced floating ecological bed, and 2-4 nylon mesh bags are suspended below each monomer bioelectrochemistry reinforced floating ecological bed.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the floating body material layer provides buoyancy for functional matrix material, and sufficient buoyancy makes things convenient for the later maintenance management, and the floating body material passes through the screw, the binding rope is connected and is formed the floating body material layer, makes things convenient for the construction and anti-wind and unrestrained, and the bioelectrochemistry strengthens floating ecological bed accessible rope or chain and fixes at the river bank, and the connecting link anchoring of doing so is in fixed position.
2. The substrate material layer has high porosity, large specific surface area, hydrophilicity and good biocompatibility, provides a good habitat for microorganisms, has high film forming speed, is respectively provided with a layer above and below the floating body material layer to increase the biomass of the microorganisms in the ecological bed, and has larger diversity of the microorganisms attached to the surface and higher species abundance after being combined with plants and a bioelectrochemical system, thereby achieving the purposes of strengthening biotransformation, efficiently degrading pollutants and effectively improving the removal rate of the ecological bed to the pollutants and the pollution load resistance.
3. Plant species plants in planting the basket, and pollutants such as effectively absorbing nitrogen phosphorus on the one hand provides the carrier for the growth of microorganism, and on the other hand selects the plant that the root system secretes the oxygen ability height, secretes the oxygen through the root system and provides partial electron acceptor for the electron acceptor material, and then guarantees bioelectrochemistry system's steady operation to keep sustainable and stable intensive effect.
4. The electron acceptor material can obtain sufficient electron acceptors through atmospheric reoxygenation, radical oxygen excretion and nitrate nitrogen pollutants in water, is a cheap and easily-obtained carbon-based material, and has the advantages of low price, stability and sustainability because the traditional catalysts such as noble metals, carbon black and the like are replaced by functional microorganisms attached to the surface. The material not only can effectively reduce the activation energy of the reduction of the electron acceptor on the surface of the material, but also can effectively remove pollutants such as carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus and the like in water by the functional microorganisms enriched on the surface, and has higher functionality compared with the traditional electron acceptor material.
5. The electron donor material is placed under water, an anaerobic area is formed by material accumulation and a microbial film formed on the surface of the material, the functional microorganisms attached to the surface of the material oxidize organic matters and ammonia nitrogen, generated electrons are transferred to the electron acceptor material through the electron conducting material, and the electrons can be subjected to energy recovery through the conductor material connecting circuit device in the electron transfer process, so that the process of converting chemical energy into electric energy is realized.
6. The ammonia nitrogen removal rate of the bioelectrochemistry reinforced floating ecological bed is always stabilized to be more than 80.0 percent and can reach 83.4 percent to the maximum, the nitrate nitrogen removal rate is always maintained to be more than 80.0 percent, and the total phosphorus removal rate is stabilized to be more than 51.4 percent.
The invention relates to a water body in-situ restoration method for strengthening a floating ecological bed by utilizing bioelectrochemistry.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of a single bioelectrochemically enhanced floating ecological bed according to an embodiment, in which 1 is a plant, 2 is a planting basket, 3 is an upper matrix material layer, 4 is a floating body material layer, 5 is an electron acceptor material, 6 is an electron donor material, 7 is a lower matrix material layer, 8 is a conductor material, 9 is a screw, and 10 is a circuit device;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of an embodiment of a bioelectrochemically enhanced floating ecological bed;
FIG. 3 is a pictorial view of a layer of floating body material of a conventional floating island reactor;
FIG. 4 is a graph showing the effect of ammonia nitrogen removal from effluent after a system of one embodiment has been operated stably; 1 is a system reactor constructed by a comparison blank experiment, 2 is a system reactor of a traditional floating island, and 3 is a small-scale reactor of the bioelectrochemistry reinforced floating ecological bed constructed in the first embodiment;
FIG. 5 is a graph showing the effect of removing nitric oxide and nitrogen from the effluent after the operation of the system is stable according to one embodiment; 1 is a system reactor constructed by a comparison blank experiment, 2 is a system reactor of a traditional floating island, and 3 is a small-scale reactor of the bioelectrochemistry reinforced floating ecological bed constructed in the first embodiment;
FIG. 6 is a graph showing the total phosphorus removal efficiency of effluent after a system of one embodiment is operated stably; 1 is a system reactor constructed by a comparison blank experiment, 2 is a system reactor of a traditional floating island, and 3 is a small-scale reactor of the bioelectrochemistry reinforced floating ecological bed constructed in the first embodiment.
Detailed Description
The first embodiment is as follows: the method for in-situ restoration of the water body by utilizing the bioelectrochemistry reinforced floating ecological bed in the embodiment is carried out according to the following steps:
firstly, selecting a polluted natural water body area;
secondly, constructing and fixing a bioelectrochemistry reinforced floating ecological bed in a polluted natural water body area;
the bioelectrochemistry reinforced floating ecological bed is formed by connecting a plurality of monomer bioelectrochemistry reinforced floating ecological beds, and each monomer bioelectrochemistry reinforced floating ecological bed consists of a floating body material layer, a matrix material layer, plants and an electronic conduction material; a substrate material layer is respectively arranged above and below the floating body material layer, a plurality of planting holes are arranged along the thickness direction of the single bioelectrochemistry reinforced floating ecological bed, the planting holes penetrate through the single bioelectrochemistry reinforced floating ecological bed, and planting baskets are arranged in the planting holes and plants are planted in the planting holes;
the electron conduction material is composed of an electron acceptor material, an electron donor material and a conductor material, and the electron acceptor material and the electron donor material are connected with a circuit device through the conductor material to form a closed circuit;
the electron acceptor material is made of carbon fiber wires, carbon fiber brushes are made of the carbon fiber wires and conductor materials with the diameter of 0.05 mm-0.2 mm and are placed in the planting baskets, 2-4 carbon fiber brushes are placed in each planting basket, the diameter of each carbon fiber brush is 3 cm-6 cm, and the length of each carbon fiber brush is 5 cm-10 cm;
or the electron acceptor material is carbon fiber cloth with the thickness of 0.1 mm-0.2 mm, and the carbon fiber cloth is arranged between the matrix material layer and the floating body material layer arranged on the upper layer;
or the electron acceptor material is one or the combination of two of activated carbon particles and biochar particles, the particle size of the activated carbon particles is 5-8 mm, the particle size of the biochar particles is 5-8 mm, the electron acceptor material is placed in a mesh cage made of a conductor material and then placed in the planting basket, and the volume of the electron acceptor material accounts for 1/3-1/2 of the volume of the planting basket;
the electron donor material is made of carbon fiber wires, carbon fiber brushes are made of the carbon fiber wires and conductor materials with the diameter of 0.05 mm-0.2 mm and are hung below the monomer bioelectrochemistry reinforced floating ecological bed, 2-4 carbon fiber brushes are hung below each monomer bioelectrochemistry reinforced floating ecological bed, the diameter of each carbon fiber brush is 3 cm-6 cm, and the length of each carbon fiber brush is 30 cm-100 cm;
or the electron donor material is carbon fiber cloth with the thickness of 0.1 mm-0.2 mm, and the carbon fiber cloth is arranged between the floating body material layer and the matrix material layer arranged at the lower layer;
or the electron donor material is a combination of two or three of carbon fiber wires, activated carbon particles and biochar particles, the particle size of the activated carbon particles is 5-8 mm, the particle size of the biochar particles is 5-8 mm, the carbon fiber wires and a conductor material with the diameter of 0.05-0.2 mm are made into a carbon fiber brush, the diameter of the carbon fiber brush is 3-6 cm, the length of the carbon fiber brush is 30-100 cm, the electron donor material is filled in nylon mesh bags and is suspended below the monomer bioelectrochemistry reinforced floating ecological bed, and 2-4 nylon mesh bags are suspended below each monomer bioelectrochemistry reinforced floating ecological bed.
In the specific embodiment, the plants are emergent aquatic plants which have stronger oxygen secretion capacity of root systems and stronger capacity of absorbing nitrogen and phosphorus, and the plants are planted in planting baskets for soil culture or water culture.
The embodiment aims to overcome the defects in the prior art, construct a floating ecological bed with adsorption/oxidation, biological enhanced conversion and energy recovery functions, and realize enhanced repair of the polluted natural water body.
The embodiment adds a matrix material which is convenient and easy to construct, provides more attachment sites for microorganisms, and couples with the bioelectrochemistry technology to domesticate and enrich microorganisms with indigenous functions in situ, enrich microbial community structures, enhance the removal rate and efficiency of pollutants, improve the impact resistance of organic loads, and provide the bioelectrochemistry reinforced floating ecological bed technology for repairing the water body in situ, which mainly uses the microbes domesticated in situ and assists plants, has flexible configuration and energy recovery.
The beneficial effects of the embodiment are as follows:
1. the floating body material layer provides buoyancy for functional matrix material, and sufficient buoyancy makes things convenient for the later maintenance management, and the floating body material passes through the screw, the binding rope is connected and is formed the floating body material layer, makes things convenient for the construction and anti-wind and unrestrained, and the bioelectrochemistry strengthens floating ecological bed accessible rope or chain and fixes at the river bank, and the connecting link anchoring of doing so is in fixed position.
2. The substrate material layer has high porosity, large specific surface area, hydrophilicity and good biocompatibility, provides a good habitat for microorganisms, has high film forming speed, is respectively provided with a layer above and below the floating body material layer to increase the biomass of the microorganisms in the ecological bed, and has larger diversity of the microorganisms attached to the surface and higher species abundance after being combined with plants and a bioelectrochemical system, thereby achieving the purposes of strengthening biotransformation, efficiently degrading pollutants and effectively improving the removal rate of the ecological bed to the pollutants and the pollution load resistance.
3. Plant species plants in planting the basket, and pollutants such as effectively absorbing nitrogen phosphorus on the one hand provides the carrier for the growth of microorganism, and on the other hand selects the plant that the root system secretes the oxygen ability height, secretes the oxygen through the root system and provides partial electron acceptor for the electron acceptor material, and then guarantees bioelectrochemistry system's steady operation to keep sustainable and stable intensive effect.
4. The electron acceptor material can obtain sufficient electron acceptors through atmospheric reoxygenation, radical oxygen excretion and nitrate nitrogen pollutants in water, is a cheap and easily-obtained carbon-based material, and has the advantages of low price, stability and sustainability because the traditional catalysts such as noble metals, carbon black and the like are replaced by functional microorganisms attached to the surface. The material not only can effectively reduce the activation energy of the reduction of the electron acceptor on the surface of the material, but also can effectively remove pollutants such as carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus and the like in water by the functional microorganisms enriched on the surface, and has higher functionality compared with the traditional electron acceptor material.
5. The electron donor material is placed under water, an anaerobic area is formed by material accumulation and a microbial film formed on the surface of the material, the functional microorganisms attached to the surface of the material oxidize organic matters and ammonia nitrogen, generated electrons are transferred to the electron acceptor material through the electron conducting material, and the electrons can be subjected to energy recovery through the conductor material connecting circuit device in the electron transfer process, so that the process of converting chemical energy into electric energy is realized.
6. The ammonia nitrogen removal rate of the bioelectrochemistry reinforced floating ecological bed of the specific embodiment is always stable to be more than 80.0 percent and can reach 83.4 percent to the maximum, the nitrate nitrogen removal rate is always maintained to be more than 80.0 percent, and the total phosphorus removal rate is stable to be more than 51.4 percent.
The second embodiment is as follows: the first difference between the present embodiment and the specific embodiment is: the floating body material layer in the second step is formed by combining one or more of a polyvinyl chloride pipe, a polystyrene foam board, a phenolic foam board and a polyvinyl chloride foam board. The rest is the same as the first embodiment.
The third concrete implementation mode: this embodiment is different from the first or second embodiment in that: the pipe diameter of the polyvinyl chloride pipe is 24-48 cm; the thickness of the polystyrene foam board, the phenolic foam board and the polyvinyl chloride foam board is 1 cm-5 cm. The other is the same as in the first or second embodiment.
The fourth concrete implementation mode: the difference between this embodiment mode and one of the first to third embodiment modes is: the substrate material layer in the second step is formed by combining one or two of rattan cotton, filter cotton and biochemical cotton; the thickness of the matrix material layer is 2-5 cm, and the pore diameter is 15-35 PPI. The others are the same as the first to third embodiments.
The fifth concrete implementation mode: the difference between this embodiment and one of the first to fourth embodiments is: the plants in the second step are emergent aquatic plants which are cultured in water or grow in a soil-containing substrate. The rest is the same as the first to fourth embodiments.
The sixth specific implementation mode: the difference between this embodiment and one of the first to fifth embodiments is: the emergent aquatic plants are one or more of canna, calamus, phyllostachys pubescens, reed, cattail and allium mongolicum. The rest is the same as the first to fifth embodiments.
The seventh embodiment: the difference between this embodiment and one of the first to sixth embodiments is: when the electron acceptor material in the step two is carbon fiber cloth with the thickness of 0.1 mm-0.2 mm, the carbon fiber cloth has the same area as the monomer bioelectrochemistry reinforced floating ecological bed; the aperture of the mesh cage made of the conductor material in the second step is 10-35 meshes; the length of the nylon mesh bag in the second step is 30 cm-100 cm, the width is 3 cm-5 cm, and the aperture is 10 meshes-35 meshes; and when the electron donor material in the step two is carbon fiber cloth with the thickness of 0.1-0.2 mm, the carbon fiber cloth has the same area as the monomer bioelectrochemistry reinforced floating ecological bed. The others are the same as the first to sixth embodiments.
The specific implementation mode is eight: the present embodiment differs from one of the first to seventh embodiments in that: the length and the width of the monomer bioelectrochemistry reinforced floating ecological bed in the step two are both 30 cm-60 cm. The rest is the same as the first to seventh embodiments.
The specific implementation method nine: the present embodiment differs from the first to eighth embodiments in that: and the bioelectrochemistry reinforced floating ecological bed in the step two is formed by connecting a plurality of monomer bioelectrochemistry reinforced floating ecological beds by utilizing a polyvinyl chloride three-dimensional three-way joint, a right-angle bent joint, a four-way joint, a screw and a binding rope. The other points are the same as those in the first to eighth embodiments.
The detailed implementation mode is ten: the present embodiment differs from one of the first to ninth embodiments in that: the diameter of the planting hole in the second step is 4 cm-17 cm; 1-4 planting holes are arranged in the monomer bioelectrochemistry reinforced floating ecological bed in the step two; the circuit device in the second step is a charging and discharging device or a resistor; and the conductor material in the second step is a titanium wire or a titanium mesh. The other points are the same as those in the first to ninth embodiments.
The following examples were used to demonstrate the beneficial effects of the present invention:
the first embodiment is as follows:
the embodiment provides a water body in-situ remediation method for strengthening a floating ecological bed by utilizing bioelectrochemistry, which is applied to in-situ remediation of a river channel. The floating body material layer is made of polyvinyl chloride foam boards, the matrix material layer is made of rattan cotton and biochemical cotton, the electron acceptor material is carbon fiber filaments, the electron donor material is carbon fiber cloth, the conductor material is titanium filaments, the plant is made of acorus calamus, and the acorus calamus is anchored on the river bank side through a chain, specifically shown in figures 1 and 2, figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a single bioelectrochemistry reinforced floating ecological bed of the embodiment, 1 is a plant, 2 is a planting basket, 3 is a matrix material layer arranged on the upper layer, 4 is a floating body material layer, 5 is an electron acceptor material, 6 is an electron donor material, 7 is a matrix material layer arranged on the lower layer, 8 is a conductor material, 9 is a screw, and 10 is a circuit device; FIG. 2 is a schematic view of an embodiment of a bioelectrochemically enhanced floating ecological bed;
a water body in-situ restoration method for strengthening a floating ecological bed by utilizing bioelectrochemistry is carried out according to the following steps:
firstly, selecting a polluted natural water body area;
secondly, constructing and fixing a bioelectrochemistry reinforced floating ecological bed in a polluted natural water body area;
the bioelectrochemistry reinforced floating ecological bed is formed by connecting a plurality of monomer bioelectrochemistry reinforced floating ecological beds, and each monomer bioelectrochemistry reinforced floating ecological bed consists of a floating body material layer, a matrix material layer, plants and an electronic conduction material; a substrate material layer is respectively arranged above and below the floating body material layer, a plurality of planting holes are arranged along the thickness direction of the single bioelectrochemistry reinforced floating ecological bed, the planting holes penetrate through the single bioelectrochemistry reinforced floating ecological bed, and planting baskets are arranged in the planting holes and plants are planted in the planting holes;
the electron conduction material is composed of an electron acceptor material, an electron donor material and a conductor material, and the electron acceptor material and the electron donor material are connected with a circuit device through the conductor material to form a closed circuit;
the electron acceptor material is made of carbon fiber wires, carbon fiber brushes are made of the carbon fiber wires and conductor materials with the diameter of 0.1mm and are placed in the planting baskets, 3 carbon fiber brushes are placed in each planting basket, and the carbon fiber brushes are 3cm in diameter and 10cm in length;
the electron donor material is carbon fiber cloth with the thickness of 0.1mm, the carbon fiber cloth is arranged between the floating body material layer and the matrix material layer arranged at the lower layer, and the carbon fiber cloth has the same area as the monomer bioelectrochemistry reinforced floating ecological bed.
The floating body material layer in the second step is made of a polyvinyl chloride foam board, and the thickness of the floating body material layer is 2 cm;
the upper layer is provided with a matrix material layer which is biochemical cotton, the thickness is 2cm, the pore diameter is 15 PPI-35 PPI, the lower layer is provided with a matrix material layer which is rattan cotton, the thickness is 4cm, and the pore diameter is 15 PPI-35 PPI.
The plant in the second step is calamus.
The length and the width of the monomer bioelectrochemistry reinforced floating ecological bed in the step two are both 30 cm.
And the bioelectrochemistry reinforced floating ecological bed in the step two is formed by connecting a plurality of monomer bioelectrochemistry reinforced floating ecological beds by using screws and binding ropes.
The diameter of the planting hole in the second step is 80 mm; the diameter of the planting basket is 80mm, and the height of the planting basket is 145 mm; 4 planting holes are arranged in the monomer bioelectrochemistry reinforced floating ecological bed in the step two; the circuit device in the second step is a 1000 omega resistor; and the conductor material in the second step is a titanium wire.
In this embodiment, the constructed pilot reactor of the bioelectrochemistry-enhanced floating ecological bed is used, only one single bioelectrochemistry-enhanced floating ecological bed is used in the pilot reactor, and the single bioelectrochemistry-enhanced floating ecological bed is provided with 1 planting hole, and other parameters are the same as those described above, and it is verified that the test of the bioelectrochemistry-enhanced floating ecological bed for removing the pollutants in the water body is specifically completed according to the following steps:
the length multiplied by the width multiplied by the height multiplied by the cuboid of 350mm multiplied by 500mm of the small-scale reactor for constructing the bioelectrochemistry reinforced floating ecological bed is made of organic glass, and the effective volume in the reactor is 40L. Two comparison reactors are arranged, one is a reactor constructed by a comparison blank experiment, and only fine river sand with the thickness of 10cm is paved at the bottom; secondly, the size of the ecological floating island is 34cm multiplied by 6.5cm in the traditional floating island reactor, and FIG. 3 is a physical diagram of a floating body material layer of the traditional floating island reactor; planting baskets are arranged in the middle of a floating body material layer of the artificial floating island for planting plants, and nitrogen and phosphorus nutrients are absorbed by the plants to supply for self growth so as to remove pollutants in a water body; thirdly, the bottom of each of the three reactors is paved with fine river sand with the thickness of 10cm, 40L of water is distributed, and the hydraulic retention time is 3 d.
FIG. 4 is a graph showing the effect of ammonia nitrogen removal from effluent after a system of one embodiment has been operated stably; 1 is a system reactor constructed by a comparison blank experiment, 2 is a system reactor of a traditional floating island, and 3 is a small-scale reactor of the bioelectrochemistry reinforced floating ecological bed constructed in the first embodiment;
FIG. 5 is a graph showing the effect of removing nitric oxide and nitrogen from the effluent after the operation of the system is stable according to one embodiment; 1 is a system reactor constructed by a comparison blank experiment, 2 is a system reactor of a traditional floating island, and 3 is a small-scale reactor of the bioelectrochemistry reinforced floating ecological bed constructed in the first embodiment;
FIG. 6 is a graph showing the total phosphorus removal efficiency of effluent after a system of one embodiment is operated stably; 1 is a system reactor constructed by a comparison blank experiment, 2 is a system reactor of a traditional floating island, and 3 is a small-scale reactor of the bioelectrochemistry reinforced floating ecological bed constructed in the first embodiment;
the concentration of the ammonia nitrogen in the inlet water is 3.8 +/-0.4 mg/L, and as can be seen from figure 4, the ammonia nitrogen removal rate of the reinforced ecological bed is always stabilized at about 80.0 percent and can reach as high as 83.4 percent, while the average ammonia nitrogen removal rates of a blank system (only river sand) and a traditional floating island system are only about 43.0 percent and about 67.3 percent.
The nitrate nitrogen concentration of the inlet water is 2.0 +/-0.1 mg/L, and as can be seen from a graph 5, the nitrate nitrogen removal rates of three systems are higher due to the adsorption effect of river sand in the early stage, the nitrate nitrogen removal rate of the reinforced ecological bed is always maintained at about 80.0% along with the time lapse in the later stage, the nitrate nitrogen removal rates of a blank system (only river sand) and a traditional floating island system are obviously reduced, and the nitrate nitrogen removal rates are only 9.0% and 53.2% in 27d, which indicates that the nitrification and denitrification capacities of the system after bioelectrochemistry reinforcement are added are improved.
The total phosphorus concentration of the inlet water is 3.4 +/-1.0 mg/L, and as can be seen from figure 6, the water quality fluctuation is large in the early stage due to the adsorption and desorption effects of river sand on the total phosphorus, the total phosphorus of the reactor reinforced ecological bed after 15d is relatively stable, the average removal rate can reach 51.4%, and the total phosphorus removal rate in the later stage is only about 20% due to the fact that the growth amount of microorganisms is small in the blank system and the traditional floating island system and the total phosphorus removal rate is mainly realized through the adsorption of fine sand, and the water quality of the outlet water is relatively unstable.
The test result shows that the substrate material utilized in the embodiment can provide a carrier for the attachment of microorganisms, and the coupled bioelectrochemical system enriches more denitrifying bacteria on the electron acceptor material and the substrate material, enhances the denitrification capability, enriches the microbial diversity in the system, makes the operation effect of the system more stable, and greatly improves the removal efficiency of pollutants.
Claims (10)
1. A water body in-situ restoration method for strengthening a floating ecological bed by utilizing bioelectrochemistry is characterized by comprising the following steps:
firstly, selecting a polluted natural water body area;
secondly, constructing and fixing a bioelectrochemistry reinforced floating ecological bed in a polluted natural water body area;
the bioelectrochemistry reinforced floating ecological bed is formed by connecting a plurality of monomer bioelectrochemistry reinforced floating ecological beds, and each monomer bioelectrochemistry reinforced floating ecological bed consists of a floating body material layer, a matrix material layer, plants and an electronic conduction material; a substrate material layer is respectively arranged above and below the floating body material layer, a plurality of planting holes are arranged along the thickness direction of the single bioelectrochemistry reinforced floating ecological bed, the planting holes penetrate through the single bioelectrochemistry reinforced floating ecological bed, and planting baskets are arranged in the planting holes and plants are planted in the planting holes;
the electron conduction material is composed of an electron acceptor material, an electron donor material and a conductor material, and the electron acceptor material and the electron donor material are connected with a circuit device through the conductor material to form a closed circuit;
the electron acceptor material is made of carbon fiber wires, carbon fiber brushes are made of the carbon fiber wires and conductor materials with the diameter of 0.05 mm-0.2 mm and are placed in the planting baskets, 2-4 carbon fiber brushes are placed in each planting basket, the diameter of each carbon fiber brush is 3 cm-6 cm, and the length of each carbon fiber brush is 5 cm-10 cm;
or the electron acceptor material is carbon fiber cloth with the thickness of 0.1 mm-0.2 mm, and the carbon fiber cloth is arranged between the matrix material layer and the floating body material layer arranged on the upper layer;
or the electron acceptor material is one or the combination of two of activated carbon particles and biochar particles, the particle size of the activated carbon particles is 5-8 mm, the particle size of the biochar particles is 5-8 mm, the electron acceptor material is placed in a mesh cage made of a conductor material and then placed in the planting basket, and the volume of the electron acceptor material accounts for 1/3-1/2 of the volume of the planting basket;
the electron donor material is made of carbon fiber wires, carbon fiber brushes are made of the carbon fiber wires and conductor materials with the diameter of 0.05 mm-0.2 mm and are hung below the monomer bioelectrochemistry reinforced floating ecological bed, 2-4 carbon fiber brushes are hung below each monomer bioelectrochemistry reinforced floating ecological bed, the diameter of each carbon fiber brush is 3 cm-6 cm, and the length of each carbon fiber brush is 30 cm-100 cm;
or the electron donor material is carbon fiber cloth with the thickness of 0.1 mm-0.2 mm, and the carbon fiber cloth is arranged between the floating body material layer and the matrix material layer arranged at the lower layer;
or the electron donor material is a combination of two or three of carbon fiber wires, activated carbon particles and biochar particles, the particle size of the activated carbon particles is 5-8 mm, the particle size of the biochar particles is 5-8 mm, the carbon fiber wires and a conductor material with the diameter of 0.05-0.2 mm are made into a carbon fiber brush, the diameter of the carbon fiber brush is 3-6 cm, the length of the carbon fiber brush is 30-100 cm, the electron donor material is filled in nylon mesh bags and is suspended below the monomer bioelectrochemistry reinforced floating ecological bed, and 2-4 nylon mesh bags are suspended below each monomer bioelectrochemistry reinforced floating ecological bed.
2. The method for in-situ restoration of a water body by using a bioelectrochemical-reinforced floating ecological bed according to claim 1, wherein the floating body material layer in the second step is formed by combining one or more of polyvinyl chloride pipes, polystyrene foam boards, phenolic foam boards and polyvinyl chloride foam boards.
3. The in-situ water restoration method by utilizing the bioelectrochemistry reinforced floating ecological bed according to claim 2, wherein the pipe diameter of the polyvinyl chloride pipe is 24 cm-48 cm; the thickness of the polystyrene foam board, the phenolic foam board and the polyvinyl chloride foam board is 1 cm-5 cm.
4. The method for in-situ restoration of a water body by using a bioelectrochemical enhanced floating ecological bed according to claim 1, wherein the matrix material layer in the second step is one or two of rattan cotton, filter cotton and biochemical cotton; the thickness of the matrix material layer is 2-5 cm, and the pore diameter is 15-35 PPI.
5. The method for in-situ remediation of a water body by using a bioelectrochemical-enhanced floating ecological bed according to claim 1, wherein the plants in the second step are emergent aquatic plants which are hydroponic or grow in a soil-containing matrix.
6. The method as claimed in claim 5, wherein the emergent aquatic plant is one or more of canna, Acorus calamus, Phyllostachys Pubescens, Phragmites communis, Typha orientalis and Scirpus tabernaemontani.
7. The method for in-situ restoration of a water body by using a bioelectrochemistry-reinforced floating ecological bed according to claim 1, wherein when the electron acceptor material in the step two is carbon fiber cloth with a thickness of 0.1mm to 0.2mm, the carbon fiber cloth has the same area as the monomer bioelectrochemistry-reinforced floating ecological bed; the aperture of the mesh cage made of the conductor material in the second step is 10-35 meshes; the length of the nylon mesh bag in the second step is 30 cm-100 cm, the width is 3 cm-5 cm, and the aperture is 10 meshes-35 meshes; and when the electron donor material in the step two is carbon fiber cloth with the thickness of 0.1-0.2 mm, the carbon fiber cloth has the same area as the monomer bioelectrochemistry reinforced floating ecological bed.
8. The method for in-situ restoration of a water body by using a bioelectrochemical-reinforced floating ecological bed according to claim 1, wherein the length and width of the monomer bioelectrochemical-reinforced floating ecological bed in the second step are both 30cm to 60 cm.
9. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the bioelectrochemically enhanced floating ecological bed in the second step is formed by connecting a plurality of single bioelectrochemically enhanced floating ecological beds through a polyvinyl chloride three-dimensional joint, a right-angle bend joint, a four-way joint, screws and binding ropes.
10. The method for in-situ remediation of water bodies by using a bioelectrochemical enhanced floating ecological bed according to claim 1, wherein the diameter of the planting holes in the second step is 4cm to 17 cm; 1-4 planting holes are arranged in the monomer bioelectrochemistry reinforced floating ecological bed in the step two; the circuit device in the second step is a charging and discharging device or a resistor; and the conductor material in the second step is a titanium wire or a titanium mesh.
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