CN104773929A - Zero-valent iron/microorganism composite percolation wall purification system for domestic sewage of irrigated area - Google Patents
Zero-valent iron/microorganism composite percolation wall purification system for domestic sewage of irrigated area Download PDFInfo
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- CN104773929A CN104773929A CN201510219388.9A CN201510219388A CN104773929A CN 104773929 A CN104773929 A CN 104773929A CN 201510219388 A CN201510219388 A CN 201510219388A CN 104773929 A CN104773929 A CN 104773929A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a zero-valent iron/microorganism composite percolation wall purification system for domestic sewage of an irrigated area. According to the system, multiple sewage processing units are dug in a bank slope of a bank slope system, and domestic sewage of the irrigated area is collated to the sewage processing units to be processed through a water delivery pipeline system; the processed domestic sewage is drained to a collecting gutter and then enters an aquatic plant ditch to be deeply purified, and finally the domestic sewage is drained to rivers. The zero-valent iron/microorganism composite percolation wall purification system has the advantages that the processing efficiency is improved through the cooperation effect of zero-valent iron and microorganisms, and effluent quality is improved; a multi-level processing system and an aquatic plant wet land technology are combined to more effectively remove pollutants in water, and the effluent quality is further improved; the bank slope system is fully utilized, other earth resources are not needed, and the whole system is located underground and does not have odor; a zero-valent iron reaction box is easy to replace, manage and maintain; materials of the system can be obtained locally, and cost is low.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to environment protection sewage process field, in particular to a kind of irrigated area sanitary sewage disposal technology-Zero-valent Iron/microorganism compound diafiltration wall purification system and purifying method, the small-sized sanitary sewage disposal of irrigated area sanitary sewage or villages and small towns can be applied directly to, also can be used for ecological intercepting and the rainfall runoff purification of water quality of area source pollutants in irrigated area simultaneously.
Background technology
Dispersion type domestic wastewater has become the important source of pollution of China's irrigated area water pollution, it is the important component part of Non-point Source Pollution in Irrigation District, undressed irrigated area sanitary sewage directly discharges and enters natural water, not only have impact on the ecotope in irrigated area, and disadvantageous effect is brought to the crop yield of local resident and drinking water safety.Therefore, the improvement of irrigated area sanitary sewage becomes China's problem demanding prompt solution.
At present, common dispersion type domestic wastewater process mainly comprises the biologic treating technique of Sewage Plant technique miniaturization, take artificial swamp as the eco-treatment technology of core and coupling processing technology that both combine.Such as, anaerobism+aerobic+wetland method, but there is floor space greatly in this method, the shortcoming of effluent quality effect instability, and the removal of nitrogen phosphorus mainly relies on the effect of artificial swamp.In addition, MBR/ artificial wetland process is with its high sludge concentration, and the advantages such as stable effluent quality, also have good competitive power in the field of decentralized wastewater process and reuse, but its high working cost limits its widespread use.Publication number is that CN10130247A discloses a kind of underground wetland and high loading subsurface infiltration sewage disposal composite system, this technology is that high loading subsurface wastewater infiltration system addition of underground wetland and regulates double-deck aproll function voluntarily, main body structures are all embedded in underground, earth's surface can be afforested, not only not land occupation, does not affect surrounding landscape, and significantly improves the elimination capacity to pollutent, system stable water outlet, builds with running cost lower.But due to the construction of the supply and anaerobic environment that lack carbon source, this system denitrifying capacity is more weak, total nitrogen removal effect needs to be improved further.Just at present, the rural domestic sewage treatment system dropping into practical application still has some limitations.
Active diafiltration wall is a kind of new technique of field repair Polluted Groundwater, there is principle simple, easy construction, the features such as working cost is cheap, active diafiltration wall is arranged, when groundwater flow is by active diafiltration wall perpendicular to Groundwater Flow direction, pollutent and materials for wall generation chemical reaction, thus reaching the object of environment remediation, current active diafiltration wall is applied all over the world, is a kind of very promising environmental pollution recovery technique.Applied metal iron, as active diafiltration wall packing material, effectively can remove the heavy metal in underground water and organic pollutant.Zero-valent Iron/microorganism synergy has good effect to denitrogenation dephosphorizing, does not also have correlative study to report, have good application prospect in rural dispersed sanitary sewage disposal.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is intended to overcome the deficiency existed in existing sanitary sewage disposal technology, one not land occupation is provided, simple applicable, operational management is convenient, cheap, sewage treating efficiency is high simultaneously, the irrigated area sanitary sewage Zero-valent Iron/microorganism compound diafiltration wall purification system of stable effluent quality and purifying method.Duty
Technical solution of the present invention: irrigated area sanitary sewage Zero-valent Iron/microorganism compound diafiltration wall purification system, its structure is: make full use of bank slope system, bank slope digs and arranges multiple Sewage disposal unit; Described Sewage disposal unit comprises: anaerobically fermenting pond, biofilter material pond and Zero-valent Iron diafiltration wall three part; Processed to Sewage disposal unit by irrigated area Domestic sewage collecting by water delivery pipeline system, the sanitary sewage after process enters riparian plant band and carries out deep purifying after entering collecting gutter, finally enter river course.
Described Sewage disposal unit comprises: anaerobically fermenting pond, biofilter material pond and Zero-valent Iron diafiltration wall three part.
Described anaerobically fermenting pond, the sanitary sewage that collection can be come is temporary is stored in fermentation vat the effect playing homogeneous equalizing tank, and partly can remove dirty Organic substance in water and nitre nitrogen by anaerobic biological treatment, and is converted into the biogas that can supply to utilize.
Separate with permeable porous non-sand concrete between described anaerobically fermenting pond and biofilter material pond, the sewage in anaerobically fermenting pond can evenly enter biofilter material pond through permeable porous non-sand concrete.
The arranging of described biofilter material pond adopts successively fills different-grain diameter sandstone by offshore dike order from far near and forms the circular gravel biofilter material pond of 20 ~ 30mm, 10 ~ 20mm medium gravel biofilter material pond and the broken little gravel biofilter material pond of 5 ~ 10mm and 2.5 ~ 5mm quartz sand biofilter material pond respectively.The impurity in sewage effectively can be tackled in the level Four biofilter material pond of laying from big to small by particle diameter, and gravel filling surface attachment has microorganism simultaneously, forms biofilm system and plays biodegradable effect to sewage.
Also separate with permeable porous non-sand concrete in the middle of described biofilter material pond and Zero-valent Iron diafiltration wall, the sewage through the process of biofilter material pond evenly can enter into Zero-valent Iron infiltration wall.
Described Zero-valent Iron infiltration wall is assembled by the bed course of both sides and several Portable movable Zero-valent Iron reaction boxs of centre.
Described Zero-valent Iron reaction box is ensure that its intensity is using the reinforcing bar of φ 12 as its skeleton, and using woven wire as its 6 faces, the aperture of woven wire is less than the diameter of zeolite filler, and the wire netting above reaction box is set to openable.Such design both can ensure the Zero-valent Iron zeolite filler contact reacts in sewage and case; Also be convenient to change filler in reaction box simultaneously, make Zero-valent Iron reaction box supply life-time service.
Described Zero-valent Iron reaction box is mixed by the coated zeolite filler of Zero-valent Iron and stalk.The manufacture craft of the zeolite filler that Zero-valent Iron is coated is: at N
2protection under zeolite filler be impregnated in FeSO
4or FeCl
2in solution, after stirring, add borane reducing agent sodium hydride or solution of potassium borohydride gradually in the basic conditions, reaction 0.5-3.0 h obtains the coated zeolite of Zero-valent Iron.Zero-valent Iron effectively can be loaded to zeolite surface by this technique, and load is not washed with the process of sewage in the Zero-valent Iron of zeolite surface and comes off, and can bear certain water conservancy load.It is large that zeolite has specific surface area, cheap and easy to get, and pollutent is had to the advantage of certain adsorptivity, and the zeolite that specific surface area is large is simultaneously also for microbial growth provides sufficient carrier.In Zero-valent Iron reaction box, additional volume fraction is the stalk of 10%, and on the one hand for microbial growth provides nutrition source, additional carbon is more conducive to the growth of denitrifying bacterium on the other hand, strengthens microorganism to the degraded of total nitrogen in sewage.
Zero-valent Iron and microbial process, in same system, can play both advantages, make it complement one another, and Zero-valent Iron/microorganism synergy advantage is mainly reflected in following three aspects: 1. enhance the denitrifying ability of microorganism.Zero-valent Iron has stronger reductibility, as electron donor, can provide the electronics needed for anti-nitration reaction; The hydrogen that Zero-valent Iron reduction produces can meet the growth needs of hydrogen autotrophic denitrification bacterium, provides hydrogen donor for hydrogen autotrophic denitrification bacterium carries out denitrification denitrogenation.2. Zero-valent Iron utilizes the nitre nitrogen generation reduction reaction of its strong reducing property directly and in sewage: 5Fe
0+ 2NO
3 -+ 6H
2o=5Fe
2++ N
2+ 12OH
-, thus effectively remove the nitre nitrogen in sanitary sewage; The OH produced
-can in and certain nitric acid of producing in the nitrifying process of aerobic zone, stabilize water outlet pH value.3. the Fe produced in Zero-valent Iron reduction process
2+and Fe
3+all can with phosphorus generation co-precipitation, also can form the polynuclear complex of a series of different shape simultaneously, can colloidal particle, suspended substance etc. be condensed by electrical counteract, adsorption bridging and the volume effect of sweeping, precipitate quickly and effectively.In addition, the synergy of Zero-valent Iron and microorganism also has the following advantages: 1. the reduction of Zero-valent Iron is as a kind of physico-chemical process, and its speed of reaction, higher than biological process, increases overall reaction rate; 2. ferro element is as one of the nutritive substance of microorganism and plant-growth, has promoter action to the growth of microbial film and system surfaces plant; 3. iron is the necessary element of enzyme prothetic group, simultaneously Fe
3+also the composition of protein in microorganism extracellular polymeric can be affected.In a word, the synergy of Zero-valent Iron and microorganism enhances the effect of denitrogenation dephosphorizing; Zero-valent Iron also has removal effect well with the feature of its reduction, flocculation to the heavy metal ion in sewage, chlorinatedorganic and other pollutents.
Described Zero-valent Iron reaction box endoprosthetic agitator, regularly carries out hand mixing, can prevent inner Zero-valent Iron knot tying inactivation, improves processing efficiency.
Sewage after above-mentioned Sewage disposal cell processing enters collecting gutter, water outlet water level is improved by collecting gutter, the filler backwater region of enhancement process system, restriction air can pass oxygen effect in filler space, thus be conducive to the anaerobic environment creating denitrifying bacteria growth and breeding.After entering collecting gutter, sewage finally enters riparian plant band, utilizes the sorption of the rhizome of waterplant to remove pollutent in water outlet further, reaches the object of deep purifying.
Advantage of the present invention: the synergy of (1) Zero-valent Iron and microorganism improves processing efficiency, enhances effluent quality; (2) multi-level handling system more effectively can remove the pollutent in sewage in conjunction with riparian plant band technology, improves effluent quality further; (3) rice straw in irrigated area can be recycled, utilize stalk as solid carbon source, strengthen heterotrophic denitrification performance, improve the clearance to total nitrogen; (4) control water outlet water level by collecting gutter, increase the filler backwater region for the treatment of system, restriction air passes oxygen effect in filler space, thus be conducive to the anaerobic environment creating denitrifying bacteria growth and breeding; (5) this system transforms bank slope, do not need to take other land resources, lays and plant raw brick, build good ecotope at disposal unit top; (6) complete assembly is positioned at underground, does not have peculiar smell; (7) Zero-valent Iron reaction box is easily changed, and is convenient to management and utilization; (8) Zero-valent Iron is cheap, easy to operate and can not produce secondary pollution to environment; (9) simple, the easy construction of whole engineering construction, function-stable, cheap, easy to use.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Accompanying drawing 1 is irrigated area sanitary sewage Zero-valent Iron/microorganism compound diafiltration wall purification system schematic diagram;
Accompanying drawing 2 is irrigated area sanitary sewage Zero-valent Iron/microorganism compound diafiltration wall purification system floor map;
Accompanying drawing 3 is Zero-valent Iron reaction box schematic diagram.
In figure 1 is Domestic sewage collecting pipeline, 2 is anaerobically fermenting ponds, 3 is the circular gravel biofilter material ponds of 20 ~ 30mm, 4 is Zero-valent Iron diafiltration walls, 5 is 10 ~ 20mm medium gravel biofilter material ponds, 6 is plant raw brick, 7 is the broken little gravel biofilter material ponds of 5 ~ 10mm, 8 is 2.5 ~ 5mm quartz sand biofilter material ponds, 9 is collecting gutters, 10 is riparian plant bands, 11 is emergents, 12 is floating plants, 13 is submerged plants, 14 is permeable non-sand concretes, 15 is non-fine concrete building blocks, 16 is bundings, 17 is river courses, 18 is monomer Zero-valent Iron reaction boxs, 19 is the coated zeolite fillers of Zero-valent Iron, 20 is wood chip and stalk, 21 is wire rope net surfaces, 22 is stirring rakes, 23 is Framework Of Steel Reinforcement of φ 12.
Embodiment
Technical solution of the present invention is further described below in conjunction with accompanying drawing:
As shown in Figures 1 and 2, sewage collecting pipeline 1 is laid to collect irrigated area sanitary sewage in irrigated area sanitary sewage generation place; It is trapezoidal anaerobically fermenting pond 2 wide at the top and narrow at the bottom that original bank slope level land digs with junction, slope transverse section, and the non-fine concrete building block 15 through Anti-seeping technology is laid in the side that anaerobically fermenting pond 2 is connected with sewer line and bottom; Excavate original slope, original slope forms the circular gravel biofilter material pond 3 of 20 ~ 30mm, Zero-valent Iron diafiltration wall 4,10 ~ 20mm medium gravel biofilter material pond 5, Zero-valent Iron diafiltration wall 4, the broken little gravel biofilter material pond 7 of 5 ~ 10mm, Zero-valent Iron diafiltration wall 4, the multistage Zero-valent Iron in 2.5 ~ 5mm quartz sand biofilter material pond 8/microorganism compound diafiltration wall treatment system successively by offshore dike 16 order from far near, side adopts permeable non-sand concrete, top is laid and is planted raw brick 6, bottom is laid through stone sand material, and permeable porous non-sand concrete 14 is laid in side; After 2.5 ~ 5mm quartz sand biofilter material pond 8, excavate transverse section is trapezoidal collecting gutter 9 wide at the top and narrow at the bottom, the bottom of collecting gutter and lay the non-fine concrete building block 15 through Anti-seeping technology from the side close to riverbank; Excavate small-sized riparian plant band 10 at embankment 16 by side, river course, and form emergent group 11, floating plant group 12 and Submerged plant communities 13 riparian plant band Rigen according to depth of water height successively plantation.
Described Zero-valent Iron diafiltration wall 4 is combined by the bed course of body of wall both sides and middle quantity monomer Portable movable Zero-valent Iron reaction box 18 not etc.
Described collecting gutter 9 keeps higher water level, reaches the filler backwater region of increase treatment system, restriction air passes oxygen effect in filler space, thus is conducive to the anaerobic environment creating denitrifying bacteria growth and breeding.
As shown in Figure 3, described monomer Zero-valent Iron reaction box 18 inside is about the coated zeolite filler of Zero-valent Iron 19 of 90% and the stalk 20 of 10% by volume fraction and loads and form.The manufacture craft of the zeolite filler 19 that Zero-valent Iron is coated is: at N
2protection under zeolite filler be impregnated in enough copperas solutions, after stirring, add enough borane reducing agent sodium hydride solutions in the basic conditions gradually, reaction 2h obtain the coated zeolite filler of Zero-valent Iron 19.
Monomer Zero-valent Iron reaction box 18 is using the reinforcing bar 23 of φ 12 as its skeleton, using woven wire 21 as its 6 faces, the aperture of woven wire 21 is slightly less than the size of the coated zeolite filler of Zero-valent Iron 19 and stalk 20, woven wire 21 can tackle suspended substance larger in water, prevents from blocking and filler loss occur in Zero-valent Iron reaction box; Stirring rake 22 is set in reaction box, can regularly stirs reaction box internal zeolite filler, to prevent Zero-valent Iron knot tying inactivation, improve the activity of Zero-valent Iron, increase the service life; Woven wire 21 above Zero-valent Iron iron reaction box is set to openable, the zeolite filler 19 facilitating Zero-valent Iron in reaction box coated and the replacing of stalk 20.
Zero-valent Iron reaction box size can be designed as 120cm × 30cm × 30cm, 120cm × 40cm × 40cm, 120cm × 50cm × 50cm etc.
Irrigated area sanitary sewage Zero-valent Iron/microorganism compound diafiltration wall purifying treatment method, comprises the steps:
1) primary treatment: sanitary sewage is collected by Domestic sewage collecting pipeline 1 and entered anaerobically fermenting pond 2, partly can remove dirty Organic substance in water and nitre nitrogen, and be converted into utilizable biogas by anaerobic biological treatment.
2) multistage Zero-valent Iron/microorganism compound diafiltration wall process: the sewage after anaerobically fermenting pond 2 processes, the sewage through permeable non-sand concrete 14 enters the circular gravel biofilter material pond 3 of 20 ~ 30mm, Zero-valent Iron diafiltration wall 4,10 ~ 20mm medium gravel biofilter material pond 5, Zero-valent Iron diafiltration wall 4, the broken little gravel biofilter material pond 7 of 5 ~ 10mm, Zero-valent Iron diafiltration wall 4,2.5 ~ 5mm quartz sand biofilter material pond 8 successively;
Comprise following firsts and seconds treating processes:
A. coagulation: the effect of filtering and tackling impurity is played in biofilter material pond to sewage, gravel filling surface attachment has microorganism simultaneously, forms microbial film and plays biodegradable effect to sewage;
B. second-stage treatment: sewage enters Zero-valent Iron diafiltration wall, zeolite specific surface area in the Zero-valent Iron reaction box in diafiltration portion within the walls greatly microbial growth provides carrier, zeolite has organic function in absorption effluent, for microbial growth provides nutrition source; The Zero-valent Iron that zeolite surface is coated and microorganism define Zero-valent Iron/microorganism isolation system, and enhance the removal to other pollutents in dirty Organic substance in water, nitrogen phosphorus and irrigated area, additional stalk provides sufficient carbon source simultaneously, further enhances denitrification efficiency.
3) advanced treatment: enter riparian plant band after the sanitary sewage after above-mentioned multistage Zero-valent Iron/microorganism compound diafiltration wall process enters collecting gutter, utilize the sorption of the rhizome of waterplant to remove pollutent in water outlet further, reach the object of deep purifying.
Claims (10)
1. irrigated area sanitary sewage Zero-valent Iron/microorganism compound diafiltration wall purification system, is characterized in that: make full use of bank slope system, bank slope digs and arranges multiple Sewage disposal unit; Described Sewage disposal unit comprises: anaerobically fermenting pond, biofilter material pond and Zero-valent Iron diafiltration wall three part; Processed to Sewage disposal unit by irrigated area Domestic sewage collecting by water delivery pipeline system, the sanitary sewage after process enters riparian plant band and carries out deep purifying after entering collecting gutter, finally enter river course.
2. irrigated area according to claim 1 sanitary sewage Zero-valent Iron/microorganism compound diafiltration wall purification system, is characterized in that: described in state between anaerobically fermenting pond and biofilter material pond with permeable porous non-sand concrete separately.
3. irrigated area according to claim 1 sanitary sewage Zero-valent Iron/microorganism compound diafiltration wall purification system, is characterized in that: the Portable movable Zero-valent Iron reaction box that described Zero-valent Iron diafiltration wall is not waited by bed course and the middle quantity of both sides assembles.
4. irrigated area according to claim 3 sanitary sewage Zero-valent Iron/microorganism compound diafiltration wall purification system, it is characterized in that: described Zero-valent Iron reaction box is using the reinforcing bar of φ 12 as its skeleton, using woven wire as its 6 faces, wire netting above reaction box is set to openable, the aperture of woven wire is less than the diameter of zeolite filler, and Zero-valent Iron reaction box side arranges hand mixing oar.
5. irrigated area according to claim 2 sanitary sewage Zero-valent Iron/microorganism compound diafiltration wall purification system, it is characterized in that: bottom described biofilter material pond He bottom collecting gutter, adopt non-fine concrete, Zero-valent Iron reaction box side adopts permeable porous non-sand concrete, stone sand material is laid in bottom, and top is laid and planted raw brick.
6. irrigated area according to claim 1 sanitary sewage Zero-valent Iron/microorganism compound diafiltration wall purification system, is characterized in that: in described Zero-valent Iron reaction box, filler is mixed in proportion by the coated zeolite of Zero-valent Iron and stalk and forms.
7. irrigated area according to claim 6 sanitary sewage Zero-valent Iron/microorganism compound diafiltration wall purification system, is characterized in that: the coated zeolite of described Zero-valent Iron is at N
2protection under zeolite filler be impregnated in FeSO
4or FeCl
2in solution, after stirring, add borane reducing agent sodium hydride or solution of potassium borohydride gradually in the basic conditions, reaction 0.5-3.0 h obtains the coated zeolite of Zero-valent Iron.
8. irrigated area according to claim 1 sanitary sewage Zero-valent Iron/microorganism compound diafiltration wall purification system, it is characterized in that: the water outlet of described Sewage disposal unit adopts collecting gutter, collecting gutter plays the effect of flooding, and creates the environment of anoxic advantageously in the removal of ammonia nitrogen.
9. irrigated area sanitary sewage Zero-valent Iron/microorganism compound diafiltration wall purifying treatment method, is characterized in that comprising the steps:
1) primary treatment: sanitary sewage is collected by Domestic sewage collecting pipeline and entered anaerobically fermenting pond, partly can remove dirty Organic substance in water and nitre nitrogen, and be converted into utilizable biogas by anaerobic biological treatment;
2) multistage Zero-valent Iron/microorganism compound diafiltration wall process: the sewage after the process of anaerobically fermenting pond, the sewage through permeable non-sand concrete enters the circular gravel biofilter material pond of 20 ~ 30mm, Zero-valent Iron diafiltration wall, 10 ~ 20mm medium gravel biofilter material pond, Zero-valent Iron diafiltration wall, the broken little gravel biofilter material pond of 5 ~ 10mm, Zero-valent Iron diafiltration wall, 2.5 ~ 5mm quartz sand biofilter material pond successively;
Advanced treatment: enter riparian plant band after the sanitary sewage after above-mentioned multistage Zero-valent Iron/microorganism compound diafiltration wall process enters collecting gutter, utilize the sorption of the rhizome of waterplant to remove pollutent in water outlet further, reach the object of deep purifying.
10. irrigated area according to claim 9 sanitary sewage Zero-valent Iron/microorganism compound diafiltration wall purifying treatment method, is characterized in that described multistage Zero-valent Iron/microorganism compound diafiltration wall process, comprises the process of firsts and seconds:
1) coagulation: the effect of filtering and tackling impurity is played in biofilter material pond to sewage, gravel filling surface attachment has microorganism simultaneously, forms microbial film and plays biodegradable effect to sewage;
2) second-stage treatment: sewage enters Zero-valent Iron diafiltration wall, zeolite specific surface area in the Zero-valent Iron reaction box in diafiltration portion within the walls greatly microbial growth provides carrier, zeolite has organic function in absorption effluent, for microbial growth provides nutrition source; The Zero-valent Iron that zeolite surface is coated and microorganism define Zero-valent Iron/microorganism isolation system, and enhance the removal to other pollutents in dirty Organic substance in water, nitrogen phosphorus and irrigated area, additional stalk provides sufficient carbon source simultaneously, further enhances denitrification efficiency.
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