CN111002483A - Method for machining hole in ceramic matrix composite material member and punching mechanism - Google Patents
Method for machining hole in ceramic matrix composite material member and punching mechanism Download PDFInfo
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- CN111002483A CN111002483A CN201911356194.8A CN201911356194A CN111002483A CN 111002483 A CN111002483 A CN 111002483A CN 201911356194 A CN201911356194 A CN 201911356194A CN 111002483 A CN111002483 A CN 111002483A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28D—WORKING STONE OR STONE-LIKE MATERIALS
- B28D1/00—Working stone or stone-like materials, e.g. brick, concrete or glass, not provided for elsewhere; Machines, devices, tools therefor
- B28D1/14—Working stone or stone-like materials, e.g. brick, concrete or glass, not provided for elsewhere; Machines, devices, tools therefor by boring or drilling
- B28D1/146—Tools therefor
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28D—WORKING STONE OR STONE-LIKE MATERIALS
- B28D7/00—Accessories specially adapted for use with machines or devices of the preceding groups
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28D—WORKING STONE OR STONE-LIKE MATERIALS
- B28D7/00—Accessories specially adapted for use with machines or devices of the preceding groups
- B28D7/04—Accessories specially adapted for use with machines or devices of the preceding groups for supporting or holding work or conveying or discharging work
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for processing holes on a ceramic matrix composite material member and a punching mechanism used in the punching process, aiming at solving the problems that the processing difficulty of the holes of the ceramic matrix composite material member is high and the member is easy to generate marginal damage in the processing process in the prior art. The method comprises the step of adjusting the density to be 1.6-1.8 g/cm3The ceramic matrix composite component prefabricated body is fixed on a workbench; setting punching parameters according to different processing areas; punching holes on the prefabricated body according to the punching parameters; and after the punching is finished, performing CVI deposition on the prefabricated body. The used punching mechanism comprises a machine tool clamping mechanism, an azimuth adjusting mechanism, a tool clamping mechanism and a pneumatic hole making tool, the pneumatic hole making tool comprises a pneumatic tool and a hole making cutter, the tool clamping mechanism is used for fixing the pneumatic hole making tool, and the azimuth adjusting mechanism is used for adjusting the position of the pneumatic hole making toolOne end of the adjusting mechanism is connected with the tool clamping mechanism and used for adjusting the spatial direction of the tool clamping mechanism, and the other end of the direction adjusting mechanism is fixed on a machine tool spindle by the machine tool clamping mechanism.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a method for processing a ceramic matrix composite material member, in particular to a method for processing a hole on the ceramic matrix composite material member. The invention also relates to a punching mechanism used in the method for machining the hole in the ceramic matrix composite material member.
Background
The ceramic matrix composite is a novel material integrating the thermal structure/function and having the advantages of the properties of metal materials, ceramic materials and carbon materials, has the characteristics of high temperature resistance, low density, high specific strength, high specific modulus, oxidation resistance, ablation resistance, insensitivity to cracks, no catastrophic damage and the like, and is widely applied to the fields of machinery, aerospace, nuclear, energy and the like. The matrix material of the ceramic matrix composite material member is silicon carbide, the hardness of the silicon carbide is arranged behind diamond and Cubic Boron Nitride (CBN), and the silicon carbide is a typical ultrahigh temperature hardness material, so that the difficulty of machining the ceramic matrix composite material member is very high, particularly the machining of holes, and the machining process is easy to generate marginal damage to the member.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems that the processing difficulty of the holes of the ceramic matrix composite material member is high and the member is easy to generate marginal damage in the processing process in the prior art, and provides a method for processing the holes on the ceramic matrix composite material member.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a method for processing holes on a ceramic matrix composite material member is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) selecting the density of 1.6-1.8 g/cm3The ceramic matrix composite component preform is fixed on a workbench;
2) setting punching parameters according to different processing areas
When the SiC matrix coating is cut, the rotating linear speed of the hole making cutter is 35-50m/min, and the cutting speed is 0.003-0.01 mm/r;
when cutting the fiber laying, the rotating linear speed of the hole making cutter is 30-45m/min, and the cutting speed is 0.01-0.018 mm/r;
3) punching holes on the prefabricated body according to the punching parameters set in the step 2;
4) and after the punching is finished, performing CVI deposition on the prefabricated body.
Further, the diameter of the perforation ranges from 1.2mm to 40 mm.
Further, the step 3 of punching the preform specifically refers to punching the preform by using a punching mechanism;
the punching mechanism comprises a machine tool clamping mechanism, an azimuth adjusting mechanism, a tool clamping mechanism and a pneumatic hole making tool;
the pneumatic hole making tool comprises a pneumatic tool and a hole making cutter driven by the pneumatic tool;
the tool clamping mechanism is used for fixing a pneumatic hole making tool;
one end of the direction adjusting mechanism is connected with the tool clamping mechanism and used for adjusting the spatial direction of the tool clamping mechanism;
and the other end of the direction adjusting mechanism is fixed on the main shaft of the machine tool by the machine tool clamping mechanism.
The invention also provides a punching mechanism used in the method for processing the holes on the ceramic matrix composite material member, which is characterized in that:
the pneumatic hole drilling machine comprises a machine tool clamping mechanism, an azimuth adjusting mechanism, a tool clamping mechanism and a pneumatic hole drilling tool;
the pneumatic hole making tool comprises a pneumatic tool and a hole making cutter driven by the pneumatic tool;
the tool clamping mechanism is used for fixing a pneumatic hole making tool;
one end of the direction adjusting mechanism is connected with the tool clamping mechanism and used for adjusting the spatial direction of the tool clamping mechanism;
and the other end of the direction adjusting mechanism is fixed on the main shaft of the machine tool by the machine tool clamping mechanism.
Further, the orientation adjusting mechanism comprises an X-direction slewing unit and a Y-direction slewing unit; and the X-direction rotary axis and the Y-direction rotary axis are respectively vertical to the axis of the machine tool spindle.
Furthermore, the X-direction rotary unit comprises a first flange plate, the machine tool clamping mechanism is hinged with one side of the first flange plate, and the axis of a hinge shaft is vertical to the axis of a main shaft of the machine tool;
the Y-direction rotary unit comprises a first rotary disc, a plurality of waist-shaped holes are uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction of the first rotary disc, bolts are arranged in the waist-shaped holes, the first rotary disc is fixedly connected with the other side of the first flange plate through the bolts, and the axis of the first rotary disc is perpendicular to the axis of the machine tool spindle;
the tool clamping mechanism is fixedly arranged on the other side corresponding to one side of the first rotary disc connected with the first flange plate.
Further, the orientation adjusting mechanism comprises an X-direction rotating unit, a Y-direction rotating unit and a feeding slide block for driving the pneumatic hole making tool to advance and retreat; the X-direction rotary axis is parallel to the axis of the machine tool spindle, and the Y-direction rotary axis is vertical to the axis of the machine tool spindle; the advancing and retreating direction of the feeding slide block is vertical to the axis of the machine tool spindle.
Furthermore, the X-direction rotary unit comprises a second rotary disc, a plurality of waist-shaped holes are uniformly distributed in the second rotary disc in the circumferential direction, bolts are arranged in the waist-shaped holes, the second rotary disc is fixedly connected with the machine tool clamping mechanism through the bolts, and the axis of the second rotary disc is parallel to the axis of the machine tool spindle;
the Y-direction rotary unit comprises a third rotary disc, a plurality of waist-shaped holes are uniformly distributed in the third rotary disc in the circumferential direction, and bolts are arranged in the waist-shaped holes; a connecting shaft is arranged on one side of the second rotary disc, the third rotary disc is fixedly connected with the connecting shaft through a bolt, and the axis of the third rotary disc is vertical to the axis of the machine tool spindle;
the third rotary disc is provided with a base, the base is provided with a sliding groove and a limiting mechanism, one end of the feeding sliding block extends into the sliding groove and can move in the sliding groove, the moving direction of the feeding sliding block in the sliding groove is vertical to the axis of the machine tool spindle, and the limiting mechanism fixes the feeding sliding block in the sliding groove; the other end of the feed slide block is connected with the tool clamping mechanism.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the method for processing the hole in the ceramic matrix composite material member can realize the processing of round holes and special-shaped holes on the outer surface of the member and the side wall of the cavity, has high processing precision and is not easy to generate marginal damage;
(2) selecting the density of 1.6-1.8 g/cm3The prefabricated body is punched, and the hardness of the prefabricated body with the density is slightly lower, so that punching is easy to realize and the subsequent preparation process is not influenced;
(3) the ceramic matrix composite comprises a SiC matrix coating and a fiber layer, and in the punching process, because the hardness of the SiC matrix coating is higher than that of the fiber layer, the cutting rate of the cutting fiber layer is higher to improve the processing efficiency, and the cutting rate is reduced when the SiC matrix coating is cut, so that the SiC matrix coating and the fiber layer are prevented from being layered or generating marginal damage due to the axial resistance of a cutter;
(4) CVI deposition is carried out on the prefabricated body after punching is finished, damaged fibers in the prefabricated body can be repaired in a high-temperature environment during deposition, SiC matrix is generated in situ microscopically among broken fibers, and residual cutting stress in the machining process can be fully released;
(5) the punching mechanism used when punching on the prefabricated body can meet the punching requirements on the outer surface of a component, the side wall of a small-space cavity and the side wall of a large-space cavity, and the relative angle between the pneumatic hole making tool and the punching surface can be adjusted at will, so that the processing of various holes is completed.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of a punching mechanism;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a second hole punching mechanism according to an embodiment.
In the figure, 1-a machine tool spindle, 2-a machine tool clamping mechanism, 3-a tool clamping mechanism, 4-a pneumatic tool, 5-a hole making cutter, 6-a first flange plate, 7-a first rotary disc, 8-a feeding slide block, 9-a second rotary disc, 10-a third rotary disc, 11-a connecting shaft, 12-a base and 13-a limiting mechanism.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
Example one
The method for processing the hole on the side wall of the small-space cavity of the ceramic matrix composite member is implemented according to the following steps:
1) the deposition density of the composite material reaches 1.6-1.8 g/cm through CVI3The ceramic matrix composite component preform is fixed on a workbench;
2) setting punching parameters according to different processing areas
When the SiC matrix coating is cut, the rotating linear speed of the hole making cutter is 35-50m/min, and the cutting speed is 0.003-0.01 mm/r;
when cutting the fiber laying, the rotating linear speed of the hole making cutter is 30-45m/min, and the cutting speed is 0.01-0.018 mm/r;
3) punching holes on the prefabricated body according to the punching parameters set in the step 2;
4) after the drilling is completed, the preform is again subjected to CVI deposition.
The punching mechanism used for punching on the prefabricated part in the embodiment is shown in fig. 1 and comprises a machine tool clamping mechanism 2, an azimuth adjusting mechanism, a tool clamping mechanism 3 and a pneumatic hole making tool;
the pneumatic hole making tool comprises a pneumatic tool 4 and a hole making cutter 5 driven by the pneumatic tool 4; the tool clamping mechanism 3 is used for fixing a pneumatic hole making tool; one end of the direction adjusting mechanism is connected with the tool clamping mechanism 3 and is used for adjusting the spatial direction of the tool clamping mechanism 3; the other end of the direction adjusting mechanism is fixed on the machine tool main shaft 1 by the machine tool clamping mechanism 2.
The azimuth adjusting mechanism comprises an X-direction rotating unit and a Y-direction rotating unit; and the X-direction rotary axis and the Y-direction rotary axis are respectively vertical to the axis of the machine tool spindle 1.
The X-direction rotary unit comprises a first flange plate 6, the machine tool clamping mechanism 2 is hinged to one side of the first flange plate 6, and the axis of a hinged shaft is vertical to the axis of the machine tool spindle 1;
the Y-direction rotary unit comprises a first rotary disc 7, a plurality of waist-shaped holes are uniformly distributed in the first rotary disc 7 in the circumferential direction, bolts are arranged in the waist-shaped holes, the first rotary disc 7 is fixedly connected with the other side of the first flange plate 6 through the bolts, and the axis of the first rotary disc 7 is perpendicular to the axis of the machine tool spindle 1;
the tool clamping mechanism 3 is fixedly arranged on the other side corresponding to one side of the first rotary disc 7 connected with the first flange 6.
When the punching mechanism is used, the machine tool clamping mechanism 2 of the punching mechanism is fixedly connected with the machine tool spindle 1, the X-direction rotary unit and the Y-direction rotary unit are adjusted to enable the hole making cutter 5 to be parallel to the axis of a hole to be machined, then the bolt at the hinged position and the bolt in the waist-shaped hole in the first rotary disc 7 are locked, the machine tool spindle 1 is utilized to drive the hole making cutter 5 to move and push, and the high-pressure gas of the pneumatic tool 4 is utilized to drive the hole making cutter 5 to rotate at a high speed for cutting and punching.
The punching mechanism can be suitable for punching on the outer surface of the ceramic matrix composite material member and the side wall of the small space cavity.
Example two
The method for processing the hole on the side wall of the cavity with the larger space of the ceramic matrix composite material member is implemented according to the following steps:
1) the deposition density of the composite material reaches 1.6-1.8 g/cm through CVI3The ceramic matrix composite component preform is fixed on a workbench;
2) setting punching parameters according to different processing areas
When the SiC matrix coating is cut, the rotating linear speed of the hole making cutter is 35-50m/min, and the cutting speed is 0.003-0.01 mm/r;
when cutting the fiber laying, the rotating linear speed of the hole making cutter is 30-45m/min, and the cutting speed is 0.01-0.018 mm/r;
3) punching holes on the prefabricated body according to the punching parameters set in the step 2;
4) after the drilling is completed, the preform is again subjected to CVI deposition.
The punching mechanism used for punching on the prefabricated part in the embodiment is shown in fig. 2 and comprises a machine tool clamping mechanism 2, an azimuth adjusting mechanism, a tool clamping mechanism 3 and a pneumatic hole making tool;
the pneumatic hole making tool comprises a pneumatic tool 4 and a hole making cutter 5 driven by the pneumatic tool 4; the tool clamping mechanism 3 is used for fixing a pneumatic hole making tool; one end of the direction adjusting mechanism is connected with the tool clamping mechanism 3 and is used for adjusting the spatial direction of the tool clamping mechanism 3; the other end of the direction adjusting mechanism is fixed on the machine tool main shaft 1 by the machine tool clamping mechanism 2.
The direction adjusting mechanism comprises an X-direction rotating unit, a Y-direction rotating unit and a feeding slide block 8 for driving the pneumatic hole making tool to advance and retreat; the X-direction rotary axis is parallel to the axis of the machine tool spindle 1, and the Y-direction rotary axis is vertical to the axis of the machine tool spindle 1; the advancing and retreating directions of the feeding slide block 8 are vertical to the axis of the machine tool spindle 1.
The X-direction rotary unit comprises a second rotary disk 9, a plurality of waist-shaped holes are uniformly distributed in the second rotary disk 9 in the circumferential direction, bolts are arranged in the waist-shaped holes, the second rotary disk 9 is fixedly connected with the machine tool clamping mechanism 2 through the bolts, and the axis of the second rotary disk 9 is parallel to the axis of the machine tool spindle 1;
the Y-direction rotary unit comprises a third rotary disc 10, a plurality of waist-shaped holes are uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction on the third rotary disc 10, and bolts are arranged in the waist-shaped holes; the bottom surface of the second rotary disk 9 is provided with a connecting shaft 11, the third rotary disk 10 is fixedly connected with the connecting shaft 11 through bolts, and the axis of the third rotary disk 10 is vertical to the axis of the machine tool spindle 1;
a base 12 is arranged at the lower end of the third rotary disc 10, a sliding groove and a limiting mechanism 13 are arranged on the base 12, one end of the feeding sliding block 8 extends into the sliding groove and can move in the sliding groove, the moving direction of the feeding sliding block 8 in the sliding groove is vertical to the axis of the machine tool spindle 1, and the limiting mechanism 13 fixes the feeding sliding block 8 in the sliding groove; the limiting mechanism 13 is specifically a threaded hole and a screw in the threaded hole which are arranged on the side surface of the base, the threaded hole is communicated with the sliding groove and is vertical to the sliding groove, and the feeding sliding block 8 can be tightly pushed and fixed by rotating the screw; the other end of the feed slide 8 is connected to the tool holding mechanism 3.
When the punching mechanism is used, the machine tool clamping mechanism 2 of the punching mechanism is fixedly connected with the machine tool spindle 1, the X-direction rotary unit, the Y-direction rotary unit and the feeding slide block 8 are adjusted to enable the hole making tool 5 to be parallel to the axis of a hole to be machined, the bolt in the waist-shaped hole on the second rotary disc 9, the bolt in the waist-shaped hole on the third rotary disc 10 and the limiting mechanism 13 are locked, the machine tool spindle 1 is used for driving the hole making tool 5 to move and push, and the high-pressure gas of the pneumatic tool 4 is used for driving the hole making tool 5 to rotate at a high speed for cutting and punching.
The punching mechanism can be suitable for punching on the outer surface of the ceramic matrix composite material member and the side wall of the cavity with a larger space.
Claims (8)
1. A method for processing a hole on a ceramic matrix composite material member is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) selecting the density of 1.6-1.8 g/cm3The ceramic matrix composite component preform is fixed on a workbench;
2) setting punching parameters according to different processing areas
When the SiC matrix coating is cut, the rotating linear speed of the hole making cutter is 35-50m/min, and the cutting speed is 0.003-0.01 mm/r;
when cutting the fiber laying, the rotating linear speed of the hole making cutter is 30-45m/min, and the cutting speed is 0.01-0.018 mm/r;
3) punching holes on the prefabricated body according to the punching parameters set in the step 2;
4) and after the punching is finished, performing CVI deposition on the prefabricated body.
2. The method of machining a hole in a ceramic matrix composite component according to claim 1, wherein:
the diameter range of the punch is 1.2mm to 40 mm.
3. The method of machining a hole in a ceramic matrix composite component according to claim 1, wherein:
step 3, punching on the prefabricated part specifically means punching on the prefabricated part by using a punching mechanism;
the punching mechanism comprises a machine tool clamping mechanism (2), an azimuth adjusting mechanism, a tool clamping mechanism (3) and a pneumatic hole making tool;
the pneumatic hole making tool comprises a pneumatic tool (4) and a hole making cutter (5) driven by the pneumatic tool (4);
the tool clamping mechanism (3) is used for fixing a pneumatic hole making tool;
one end of the direction adjusting mechanism is connected with the tool clamping mechanism (3) and is used for adjusting the spatial direction of the tool clamping mechanism (3);
the other end of the direction adjusting mechanism is fixed on the machine tool spindle (1) by the machine tool clamping mechanism (2).
4. A mechanism of punching which characterized in that:
comprises a machine tool clamping mechanism (2), an azimuth adjusting mechanism, a tool clamping mechanism (3) and a pneumatic hole making tool;
the pneumatic hole making tool comprises a pneumatic tool (4) and a hole making cutter (5) driven by the pneumatic tool (4);
the tool clamping mechanism (3) is used for fixing a pneumatic hole making tool;
one end of the direction adjusting mechanism is connected with the tool clamping mechanism (3) and is used for adjusting the spatial direction of the tool clamping mechanism (3);
the other end of the direction adjusting mechanism is fixed on the machine tool spindle (1) by the machine tool clamping mechanism (2).
5. The hole punch mechanism of claim 4, wherein:
the azimuth adjusting mechanism comprises an X-direction rotary unit and a Y-direction rotary unit; and the X-direction rotary axis and the Y-direction rotary axis are respectively vertical to the axis of the machine tool spindle (1).
6. The hole punch mechanism of claim 5, wherein:
the X-direction rotary unit comprises a first flange plate (6), the machine tool clamping mechanism (2) is hinged to one side of the first flange plate (6), and the axis of a hinged shaft is vertical to the axis of the machine tool spindle (1);
the Y-direction rotary unit comprises a first rotary disc (7), a plurality of waist-shaped holes are uniformly distributed in the first rotary disc (7) in the circumferential direction, bolts are arranged in the waist-shaped holes, the first rotary disc (7) is fixedly connected with the other side of the first flange plate (6) through the bolts, and the axis of the first rotary disc (7) is perpendicular to the axis of the machine tool spindle (1);
the tool clamping mechanism (3) is fixedly arranged on the other side corresponding to one side of the first rotary disc (7) connected with the first flange plate (6).
7. The hole punch mechanism of claim 4, wherein:
the direction adjusting mechanism comprises an X-direction rotary unit, a Y-direction rotary unit and a feeding slide block (8) for driving the pneumatic hole making tool to advance and retreat; the X-direction rotary axis is parallel to the axis of the machine tool spindle (1), and the Y-direction rotary axis is vertical to the axis of the machine tool spindle (1); the advancing and retreating direction of the feeding slide block (8) is vertical to the axis of the machine tool spindle (1).
8. The hole punch mechanism of claim 7, wherein:
the X-direction rotary unit comprises a second rotary disc (9), a plurality of waist-shaped holes are uniformly distributed in the second rotary disc (9) in the circumferential direction, bolts are arranged in the waist-shaped holes, the second rotary disc (9) is fixedly connected with the machine tool clamping mechanism (2) through the bolts, and the axis of the second rotary disc (9) is parallel to the axis of the machine tool spindle (1);
the Y-direction rotary unit comprises a third rotary disc (10), a plurality of waist-shaped holes are uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction of the third rotary disc (10), and bolts are arranged in the waist-shaped holes; a connecting shaft (11) is arranged on one side of the second rotary disc (9), a third rotary disc (10) is fixedly connected with the connecting shaft (11) through bolts, and the axis of the third rotary disc (10) is vertical to the axis of the machine tool spindle (1);
a base (12) is arranged on the third rotary disc (10), a sliding groove and a limiting mechanism (13) are arranged on the base (12), one end of the feeding sliding block (8) extends into the sliding groove and can move in the sliding groove, the moving direction of the feeding sliding block (8) in the sliding groove is vertical to the axis of the machine tool spindle (1), and the feeding sliding block (8) is fixed in the sliding groove by the limiting mechanism (13); the other end of the feed sliding block (8) is connected with the tool clamping mechanism (3).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201911356194.8A CN111002483A (en) | 2019-12-25 | 2019-12-25 | Method for machining hole in ceramic matrix composite material member and punching mechanism |
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| CN201911356194.8A CN111002483A (en) | 2019-12-25 | 2019-12-25 | Method for machining hole in ceramic matrix composite material member and punching mechanism |
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| CN111002483A true CN111002483A (en) | 2020-04-14 |
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