CN110989188B - K mirror optical system adjusting method - Google Patents
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- CN110989188B CN110989188B CN201911313724.0A CN201911313724A CN110989188B CN 110989188 B CN110989188 B CN 110989188B CN 201911313724 A CN201911313724 A CN 201911313724A CN 110989188 B CN110989188 B CN 110989188B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a K mirror optical system adjusting method, and belongs to the field of optical element adjusting. The invention comprises the following steps: s1, establishing an optical reference of the K mirror optical system by using an optical parallel flat plate and an interferometer; s2, adjusting the position of the K2 reflector by a pentaprism to enable the mirror surface of the K2 reflector to be parallel to the mechanical rotating shaft of the K mirror optical system; s3, placing a K3 reflector according to the mechanical plane position, then placing a K1 reflector and adjusting the position of the K1 reflector, so that the emergent light of the interferometer forms zero fringes in the interferometer after being reflected by the K1 reflector, the K2 reflector, the K3 reflector and the optical parallel flat plate. The invention has the advantages of high assembling and adjusting precision, simple assembling and adjusting method, universality of assembling and adjusting tools and the like, and simultaneously, corresponding optical reference is left in the K mirror optical system after assembling and adjusting, and the optical reference can be used as an optical interface for butt joint of the K mirror optical system and a subsequent optical system.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of optical element installation and adjustment, and particularly relates to an installation and adjustment method of a K mirror optical system.
Background
With the rapid development of modern science and technology, the performance of the telescope is developed greatly; along with the improvement of various performances of the telescope, astronomy also undergoes huge leap, various observation requirements are gradually improved, and more large-scale horizontal telescopes are applied. In the process of tracking a target by a large-scale horizontal optical astronomical telescope, the relative rotation of the transmitting well in the optical path can cause the field of view to rotate around the center, namely the field of view at the image space. The horizontal telescope is immobile relatively to the horizontal ring, the horizontal ring rotates continuously relative to the polar axis in the earth rotation process, the object space view field is caused to rotate, so that the captured target cannot be imaged clearly, and in order to obtain stable imaging, the rotation of the two view fields needs to be compensated, and the compensation is also called despinning. Three racemization modes are commonly used: optical racemization, physical racemization and electronic racemization. In the large-aperture horizontal optical telescope, the most commonly used method is optical despinning, which is beneficial to good real-time performance. Optical despinning refers to placing a despinning prism or a group of despinning reflectors in front of the imaging element of the telescope, and achieving the purpose of despinning by controlling the rotating speed of the despinning prism or the group of despinning reflectors to be half of the rotating speed of the image plane. The invention relates to an optical despin device composed of a reflector group, which adopts a plane reflector with three surfaces arranged into a K shape, and is called a K mirror.
The K mirror is a relatively precise optical lens group, and the final imaging quality of the telescope is greatly influenced by the adjustment precision of the K mirror, so that the correct adjustment of the K mirror is very important for the imaging quality. However, since the K mirror is an emission mirror group formed by three plane mirrors and can rotate around a mechanical rotating shaft, the installation and adjustment difficulty of the K mirror is far higher than that of other optical mirror groups, so an accurate K mirror installation and adjustment method is urgently needed to improve the installation and adjustment precision of the K mirror, and the imaging quality of the telescope is ensured.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide a K mirror optical system adjusting method, aiming at solving the problem that the prior K mirror adjusting method is low in precision.
In order to achieve the aim, the invention provides a K mirror optical system adjusting method, which comprises the following steps:
s1, establishing an optical reference of the K mirror optical system by using an optical parallel flat plate and an interferometer;
s2, adjusting the position of the K2 reflector by a pentaprism to enable the mirror surface of the K2 reflector to be parallel to the mechanical rotating shaft of the K mirror optical system;
s3, placing a K3 reflector according to the mechanical plane position, then placing a K1 reflector and adjusting the position of the K1 reflector, so that the emergent light of the interferometer forms zero fringes in the interferometer after being reflected by the K1 reflector, the K2 reflector, the K3 reflector and the optical parallel flat plate.
Further, the step S1 includes:
s11, performing zero measurement on the surface of the optical parallel flat plate by using an interferometer;
and S12, adjusting the parallel flat plate to make the plane vertical axis direction parallel to the mechanical rotating shaft of the K mirror.
Further, the step S11 specifically includes:
and placing the optical parallel plate on the right side of the K mirror optical system, performing interference measurement on the optical parallel plate by using an interferometer on the right side of the optical parallel plate, and adjusting the position of the interferometer to change interference fringes into zero fringes.
Further, the step S12 specifically includes:
and rotating the mechanical rotating shaft of the K mirror optical system, and adjusting the position of the optical parallel flat plate according to the change of the interference fringes in the rotating process until the interferometer always measures to obtain zero fringes in the rotating process.
Further, the step S2 includes:
s21, placing the interferometer on the left side of the K mirror optical system, and adjusting the position of the interferometer to enable the interferometer to detect the optical parallel flat plate to obtain zero fringes;
s22, placing a pentaprism and a K2 reflector in the interference light path, so that the emergent light of the interferometer forms a zero fringe in the interferometer after being reflected by the pentaprism and the K2 reflector.
Further, an angle formed between incident light and outgoing light of the pentaprism is 90 °.
Further, an optical reference is reserved in the K-mirror optical system after the adjustment, and the optical reference is used as an optical interface for the K-mirror optical system to be in butt joint with a subsequent optical system.
Through the technical scheme, compared with the prior art, the invention can obtain the following beneficial effects:
(1) the interferometer, the optical parallel plate and the pentaprism are used as adjusting tools, so that the parallel relation between the optical axis of the K mirror optical system and the system rotating shaft is ensured, the adjusting precision is greatly improved, the adjusting method is simple, the adjusting tools have universality, and powerful technical support is provided for manufacturing modern advanced optical systems.
(2) The invention also leaves a parallel flat plate optical reference in the K mirror optical system when the adjustment is finished, and the parallel flat plate optical reference can be used as an optical interface for butting the K mirror optical system and a subsequent optical system, thereby creating favorable conditions for the smooth operation of the subsequent optical system.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the components of a K-mirror optical system.
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of optical benchmarking.
FIG. 3 is a zero fringe optical interference pattern.
FIG. 4 is a multi-fringe optical interferogram.
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the interferometer positioned to the left of the K-mirror.
Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of the adjustment of the K2 mirror.
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the adjustment of the K1 and K3 mirrors.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention. In addition, the technical features involved in the embodiments of the present invention described below may be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.
The schematic diagram of the components of the K-mirror optical system is shown in fig. 1, and the optical system is composed of three-sided optical mirrors, which are respectively marked as K1, K2 and K3 from left to right; the optical system has a rotational axis, shown as the mechanical axis of rotation.
In order to achieve the purpose of the invention, the K mirror optical system adjusting method comprises the following steps:
arranging an optical parallel flat plate at the right side of the optical system of the K mirror, and carrying out zero measurement on the surface of the optical parallel flat plate by using an interferometer at the right side of the optical parallel flat plate;
observing and calculating the change condition of interference fringes in the rotation process by rotating the mechanical rotating shaft of the K mirror optical system, and resetting the position of the optical parallel plate according to the change condition until the interferometer always measures to obtain zero fringes in the rotation process, wherein the vertical direction of the plane of the parallel plate is parallel to the direction of the mechanical rotating shaft of the K mirror optical system;
placing an interferometer on the left side of the K mirror optical system, and adjusting the position of the interferometer to enable the optical axis direction of the interferometer to be vertical to the surface of the optical parallel plate, namely the interferometer detects the optical parallel plate to obtain zero fringes;
placing a pentaprism and a K2 reflector in a detection light path, so that emergent light of the interferometer forms a zero fringe in the interferometer after being reflected by a K2 reflector, and the mirror surface plane of the K2 reflector is parallel to a mechanical rotating shaft of a K mirror optical system;
and placing a K3 reflector according to the mechanical plane position, then placing a K1 reflector in the system, adjusting the position of a K1 reflector, reflecting emergent light of the interferometer by K1, K2, K3 and an optical parallel plate, and then forming a zero fringe in the interferometer, and fixing the position of the K1 reflector.
The method steps of the invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings in conjunction with the embodiments. As shown in fig. 2, when the K-mirror optical system is set, first, a parallel plate 1 serving as an optical reference is provided at a position on the right side of the K-mirror optical system, interference measurement is performed on the parallel plate 1 by an interferometer 2, and the interference fringes are made to be zero fringes by adjusting the position of the interferometer 2 (see fig. 3).
The K mirror optical system is rotated around the mechanical rotating shaft of the K mirror optical system, and if the vertical axis direction of the plane of the parallel flat plate is not parallel to the mechanical rotating shaft of the K mirror at the moment, a plurality of fringe interference patterns can appear in the measuring result of the interferometer (as shown in figure 4) in the rotating process of the K mirror optical system around the mechanical rotating shaft of the K mirror optical system. The position of the parallel flat plate 1 is adjusted through the interference pattern change condition in the rotation process of the K mirror optical system, and the content in the steps is repeated until the fringes displayed by the interferometer are zero fringes all the time when the K mirror optical system rotates around the mechanical rotating shaft of the K mirror optical system, at the moment, the plane vertical axis direction of the parallel flat plate is parallel to the mechanical rotating shaft of the K mirror, and the optical reference of the K mirror optical system is established.
The interferometer 2 is placed on the left side of the K-mirror optical system as shown in fig. 5, and the position of the interferometer 2 is adjusted so that the interferometer 2 detects a zero fringe to the parallel flat plate.
The pentaprism 3 is placed in the interference light path, as shown in fig. 6, considering that the angle between the incident light and the emergent light of the pentaprism 3 is 90 degrees, the K2 reflector is placed and adjusted at this time, so that the emergent light of the interferometer 2 forms a zero fringe in the interferometer 2 after being reflected by the K2 reflector, and at this time, the K2 reflector mirror plane is parallel to the mechanical rotating shaft of the K-mirror optical system.
Placing a K3 reflector according to a mechanical plane position, as shown in FIG. 7, then placing a K1 reflector in the system and adjusting the position of the K1 reflector, so that zero fringes are formed in the interferometer 2 after the emergent light of the interferometer 2 is reflected by the K1, the K2, the K3 and the parallel flat plate 1, and at the moment, fixing the position of the K1 reflector, namely, the adjustment of the K reflector optical system is realized.
In the adjusted K mirror optical system, a system rotating shaft and a K2 plane mirror surface have a parallel position relationship, a system optical axis and the system rotating shaft have a parallel position relationship, and an optical reference is left in the adjusted K mirror optical system and can be used as an optical interface for butting the K mirror optical system and a subsequent optical system.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the invention, and that any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. A K mirror optical system adjusting method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, establishing an optical reference of the K mirror optical system by using an optical parallel flat plate and an interferometer;
s2, adjusting the position of the K2 reflector by a pentaprism to enable the mirror surface of the K2 reflector to be parallel to the mechanical rotating shaft of the K mirror optical system;
s3, placing a K3 reflector according to the position of a mechanical plane, then placing a K1 reflector and adjusting the position of a K1 reflector, so that zero fringes are formed in the interferometer after the emergent light of the interferometer is reflected by the K1 reflector, the K2 reflector, the K3 reflector and the optical parallel flat plate;
the step S1 includes:
s11, performing zero measurement on the surface of the optical parallel flat plate by using an interferometer;
s12, adjusting the parallel flat plate to make the plane vertical axis direction parallel to the mechanical rotating shaft of the K mirror;
the step S2 includes:
s21, placing the interferometer on the left side of the K mirror optical system, and adjusting the position of the interferometer to enable the interferometer to detect the optical parallel flat plate to obtain zero fringes;
s22, placing a pentaprism and a K2 reflector in the interference light path, so that the emergent light of the interferometer forms a zero fringe in the interferometer after being reflected by the pentaprism and the K2 reflector.
2. The K-mirror optical system adjustment method according to claim 1, wherein the step S11 specifically includes:
and placing the optical parallel plate on the right side of the K mirror optical system, performing interference measurement on the optical parallel plate by using an interferometer on the right side of the optical parallel plate, and adjusting the position of the interferometer to change interference fringes into zero fringes.
3. The K-mirror optical system adjustment method according to claim 1, wherein the step S12 specifically includes:
and rotating the mechanical rotating shaft of the K mirror optical system, and adjusting the position of the optical parallel flat plate according to the change of the interference fringes in the rotating process until the interferometer always measures to obtain zero fringes in the rotating process.
4. The K-mirror optical system adjusting method according to claim 3, wherein an angle formed between incident light and outgoing light of the pentaprism is 90 °.
5. The K-mirror optical system adjustment method according to claim 1, wherein an optical reference is retained in the adjusted K-mirror optical system as an optical interface for interfacing the K-mirror optical system with a subsequent optical system.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN112198624B (en) * | 2020-09-22 | 2022-08-09 | 华中光电技术研究所（中国船舶重工集团公司第七一七研究所） | Method and system for assembling and adjusting optical despun K-mirror assembly |
| CN113064286A (en) * | 2021-03-25 | 2021-07-02 | 中国科学院上海天文台 | K mirror detection device with help of pentagonal prism and installation and adjustment method thereof |
| CN114459608B (en) * | 2022-01-14 | 2024-03-19 | 中国电子科技集团公司第十一研究所 | Mirror adjustment system and adjustment method |
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