CN110985659B - 一种自动液力变速器低温冷启动的控制方法 - Google Patents

一种自动液力变速器低温冷启动的控制方法 Download PDF

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CN110985659B
CN110985659B CN202010126237.XA CN202010126237A CN110985659B CN 110985659 B CN110985659 B CN 110985659B CN 202010126237 A CN202010126237 A CN 202010126237A CN 110985659 B CN110985659 B CN 110985659B
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clutches
degrees
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transmission
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刘强
曹永�
郭太民
宗伟
杨磊
陈彦波
王洪志
李志宗
王圣涛
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Shengrui Transmission Co Ltd
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16HGEARING
    • F16H61/00Control functions within control units of change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion ; Control of exclusively fluid gearing, friction gearing, gearings with endless flexible members or other particular types of gearing
    • F16H61/02Control functions within control units of change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion ; Control of exclusively fluid gearing, friction gearing, gearings with endless flexible members or other particular types of gearing characterised by the signals used
    • F16H61/0202Control functions within control units of change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion ; Control of exclusively fluid gearing, friction gearing, gearings with endless flexible members or other particular types of gearing characterised by the signals used the signals being electric
    • F16H61/0204Control functions within control units of change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion ; Control of exclusively fluid gearing, friction gearing, gearings with endless flexible members or other particular types of gearing characterised by the signals used the signals being electric for gearshift control, e.g. control functions for performing shifting or generation of shift signal
    • F16H61/0213Control functions within control units of change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion ; Control of exclusively fluid gearing, friction gearing, gearings with endless flexible members or other particular types of gearing characterised by the signals used the signals being electric for gearshift control, e.g. control functions for performing shifting or generation of shift signal characterised by the method for generating shift signals
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16HGEARING
    • F16H61/00Control functions within control units of change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion ; Control of exclusively fluid gearing, friction gearing, gearings with endless flexible members or other particular types of gearing
    • F16H61/16Inhibiting or initiating shift during unfavourable conditions, e.g. preventing forward reverse shift at high vehicle speed, preventing engine over speed
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16HGEARING
    • F16H61/00Control functions within control units of change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion ; Control of exclusively fluid gearing, friction gearing, gearings with endless flexible members or other particular types of gearing
    • F16H61/02Control functions within control units of change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion ; Control of exclusively fluid gearing, friction gearing, gearings with endless flexible members or other particular types of gearing characterised by the signals used
    • F16H61/0202Control functions within control units of change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion ; Control of exclusively fluid gearing, friction gearing, gearings with endless flexible members or other particular types of gearing characterised by the signals used the signals being electric
    • F16H61/0204Control functions within control units of change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion ; Control of exclusively fluid gearing, friction gearing, gearings with endless flexible members or other particular types of gearing characterised by the signals used the signals being electric for gearshift control, e.g. control functions for performing shifting or generation of shift signal
    • F16H61/0213Control functions within control units of change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion ; Control of exclusively fluid gearing, friction gearing, gearings with endless flexible members or other particular types of gearing characterised by the signals used the signals being electric for gearshift control, e.g. control functions for performing shifting or generation of shift signal characterised by the method for generating shift signals
    • F16H2061/0232Selecting ratios for bringing engine into a particular state, e.g. for fast warming up or for reducing exhaust emissions
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16HGEARING
    • F16H2200/00Transmissions for multiple ratios
    • F16H2200/20Transmissions using gears with orbital motion
    • F16H2200/203Transmissions using gears with orbital motion characterised by the engaging friction means not of the freewheel type, e.g. friction clutches or brakes
    • F16H2200/2043Transmissions using gears with orbital motion characterised by the engaging friction means not of the freewheel type, e.g. friction clutches or brakes with five engaging means

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Control Of Transmission Device (AREA)

Abstract

本发明公开了一种自动液力变速器低温冷启动的控制方法,包括启动阶段控制步骤和延迟阶段控制步骤;发动机低温下启动后,控制空挡的两个离合器(B1、C4)处于脱离状态;待发动机达到最大转速并进入运行阶段,发动机继续运行延迟时间t;然后控制空挡的两个离合器(B1、C4)闭锁,等待发动机完成启动后再结合的方式,此策略有助于降低变速器在发动机启动过程中带来的负载,从而大大提高冷启动成功率。

Description

一种自动液力变速器低温冷启动的控制方法
技术领域
本发明属于自动变速箱控制技术领域,具体地说,涉及一种自动液力变速器低温冷启动的控制方法。
背景技术
汽车在使用过程中,点火启动是最常规的操作,启动是否成功主要取决于发动机的启动能力以及整车负载的大小。发动机启动能力强,整车负载小,汽车启动越容易,且时间越短。其中变速器的负载是整车负载的重要影响因素,因此如何降低变速器负载关系到启动难易。
在整车开发试验过程中,常温启动,主要指-10℃以上的启动,相对容易,不会出现启动不成功的问题,但是冷启动,主要指-30℃到-10℃的启动,会出现启动不成功的情况,尤其是-30℃极低温度启动,所以说冷启动是冬季试验中最重要的测试内容之一,如何保证车辆冷启动成功是关键指标。
目前的变速器,主要是从硬件方面:如通过更换油泵类型、降低油耗排量、降低离合器带排损失等手段来降低自身负载。
当前6速-8速带液力变矩器的自动变速器(AT)通常由五个换挡元件组成,1个制动器B1,4个离合器C1、C2、C3、C4,制动器是一种特殊的离合器,因此下文中统称为离合器,即共有5个离合器,故共有5个电磁阀控制离合器。
附图1是目前自动变速箱挡位逻辑图,其中标注了每个挡位对应的3个离合器,例如1挡需要B1、C1、C4闭合,5挡需要C1、C2、C4闭合;为了在空挡时迅速进入前进挡或者倒挡,通常在空挡时保持两个离合器(B1、C4)结合。
常温启动和低温启动采用同样的策略,此策略的控制过程为:在发动机启动过程中,空挡状态下的变速器同时结合两个离合器,此时会加大变速器的带排损失,增加负载,在极限低温情况下,发动机本身启动能力不足的工况下,会出现导致启动失败的情况。
如图2所示,为目前通常采用的启动方式,在发动机转速刚上升的时候,达到500转左右时,此时发动机还没有完全启动成功,变速器就控制空挡位的两个离合器B1和C4开始动作,油压从0bar达到20bar,这个时候必然给发动机带来负载,影响发动机启动。
如图3所示,在极低温度下,如-30度,发动机在此工况下,本身的启动性能较常温就变弱,如果在发动机启动过程中,变速器再控制空挡位的两个离合器B1和C4动作,就会出现发动机启动能力不足以克服变速器负载的情况,导致转速下降,最终变成0,启动失败。
目前,国内外还没有从控制软件上来降低变速器负载的技术措施。
发明内容
本发明所要解决的技术问题是提供一种自动液力变速器低温冷启动的控制方法,克服了现有技术存在的缺陷,采用本发明控制方法后,实现了降低发动机启动过程中,由变速器侧带来的负载,从而提高冷启动的成功率。
为解决上述技术问题,本发明的技术方案是:一种自动液力变速器低温冷启动的控制方法,其特征在于,包括启动阶段控制步骤和延迟阶段控制步骤;
发动机低温下启动后,控制空挡的两个离合器(B1、C4)处于脱离状态;待发动机达到最大转速并进入运行阶段,发动机继续运行延迟时间t;然后控制空挡的两个离合器(B1、C4)闭锁。
一种优化方案,启动阶段控制步骤包括:
发动机低温下启动后,发动机转速开始升高,变速器空挡需要闭锁的两个离合器(B1、C4)的控制电流为0、作用油压为0bar,两个离合器(B1、C4)处于脱离状态。
一种优化方案,延迟阶段控制步骤包括:
待发动机达到最大转速,且发动机状态由启动阶段转化到运行阶段,控制发动机继续运行延迟时间t,然后变速器控制模块(TCM)控制空挡需要的两个离合器(B1、C4)闭锁,发动机进入完全启动成功状态。
一种优化方案,变速器控制模块检测发动机水温T并检测延迟时间t,当检测到与发动机水温T对应的延迟时间t到达后,再进行空挡需要的两个离合器(B1、C4)闭锁控制,为后续的换挡和动作做准备。
一种优化方案,控制两个离合器(B1、C4)闭锁的油压为20bar。
一种优化方案,延迟时间t与发动机水温T的关系如下:
当T低于-10度高于-15度时,t=100ms;
T低于-15度高于-20度时,t=200ms;
T低于-20度高于-25度时,t=300ms;
T低于-25度高于-30度时,t=400ms;
T低于-30度时,t=500ms。
本发明采用上述技术方案,与现有技术相比,具有以下优点:等待发动机完成启动后再结合的方式,此策略有助于降低变速器在发动机启动过程中带来的负载,从而大大提高冷启动成功率。
附图说明
附图1是目前自动变速箱挡位逻辑图;
附图2是目前常规启动方式的逻辑图;
附图3是目前极低温度下启动方式的逻辑图;
附图4是本发明实施例中自动液力变速器低温冷启动控制方法的逻辑图。
具体实施方式
为了对本发明的技术特征、目的和效果有更加清楚的理解,现对照附图说明本发明的具体实施方式,本领域技术人员应理解,以下不构成对本发明保护范围的限制。
实施例,如图4所示,一种自动液力变速器低温冷启动的控制方法,包括启动阶段控制步骤和延迟阶段控制步骤;
发动机低温下启动后,控制空挡的两个离合器(B1、C4)处于脱离状态;待发动机达到最大转速并进入运行阶段,发动机继续运行延迟时间t;然后控制空挡的两个离合器(B1、C4)闭锁。
具体地说,启动阶段控制步骤包括:发动机低温下启动后,发动机转速升高,变速器空挡需要闭锁的两个离合器(B1、C4)不进行控制,控制电流为0,实际离合器作用油压为0bar,使其两个离合器(B1、C4)处于脱离状态;这样可以最大限度的减少因为变速器离合器结合带来的负载。
延迟阶段控制步骤包括:
待发动机达到最大转速,且发动机状态由启动阶段转化到运行阶段,状态信号由变速器控制模块(TCM)从发动机控制模块(ECM)获得;发动机继续运行延迟时间t,然后变速器控制模块(TCM)控制空挡需要的两个离合器(B1、C4)闭锁,发动机进入完全启动成功状态。
变速器控制模块检测发动机水温T并检测延迟时间t,当检测到与发动机水温T对应的延迟时间t到达后,再进行空挡需要的两个离合器(B1、C4)闭锁控制,命令油压为20bar,为后续的换挡和动作做准备。
上述延迟时间t的大小是基于发动机水温T进行标定控制的,具体如下:当T低于-10度高于-15度时,t=100ms;
T低于-15度高于-20度时,t=200ms;
T低于-20度高于-25度时,t=300ms;
T低于-25度高于-30度时,t=400ms;
T低于-30度时,t=500ms。
在极低温度下(-10℃以下),变速器离合器控制采用上面策略,即等待发动机完成启动后再结合的方式,此方法有助于降低变速器在发动机启动过程中 带来的负载,从而大大提高冷启动成功率。
以上发动机转速、延迟时间t及发动机水温T也可以根据实际情况进行调整。
以上所述为本发明最佳实施方式的举例,其中未详细述及的部分均为本领域普通技术人员的公知常识。本发明的保护范围以权利要求的内容为准,任何基于本发明的技术启示而进行的等效变换,也在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (3)

1.一种自动液力变速器低温冷启动的控制方法,其特征在于,包括启动阶段控制步骤和延迟阶段控制步骤;
发动机低温下启动后,控制空挡的两个离合器(B1、C4)处于脱离状态;待发动机达到最大转速并进入运行阶段,发动机继续运行延迟时间t;然后控制空挡的两个离合器(B1、C4)闭锁;
启动阶段控制步骤包括:
发动机低温下启动后,发动机转速开始升高,控制变速器空挡需要闭锁的两个离合器(B1、C4)的电流为0、作用油压为0bar,两个离合器(B1、C4)处于脱离状态;
延迟阶段控制步骤包括:
待发动机达到最大转速,且发动机状态由启动阶段转化到运行阶段,控制发动机继续运行延迟时间t,然后变速器控制模块(TCM)控制空挡需要的两个离合器(B1、C4)闭锁,发动机进入完全启动成功状态。
2.如权利要求1所述的自动液力变速器低温冷启动的控制方法,其特征在于:检测发动机水温T并检测延迟时间t,当检测到与发动机水温T对应的延迟时间t到达后,再进行空挡需要的两个离合器(B1、C4)闭锁控制;
延迟时间t与发动机水温T的关系如下:
当T低于-10度高于-15度时,t=100ms;
T低于-15度高于-20度时,t=200ms;
T低于-20度高于-25度时,t=300ms;
T低于-25度高于-30度时,t=400ms;
T低于-30度时,t=500ms。
3.如权利要求1所述的自动液力变速器低温冷启动的控制方法,其特征在于,控制两个离合器(B1、C4)闭锁的油压为20bar。
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