CN110983631A - Composite nanofiber membrane and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Composite nanofiber membrane and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN110983631A CN110983631A CN201911316374.3A CN201911316374A CN110983631A CN 110983631 A CN110983631 A CN 110983631A CN 201911316374 A CN201911316374 A CN 201911316374A CN 110983631 A CN110983631 A CN 110983631A
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- nanofiber membrane
- composite nanofiber
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
- D04H1/70—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of fibres
- D04H1/72—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of fibres the fibres being randomly arranged
- D04H1/728—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of fibres the fibres being randomly arranged by electro-spinning
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
- D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
- D01D5/0007—Electro-spinning
- D01D5/0015—Electro-spinning characterised by the initial state of the material
- D01D5/003—Electro-spinning characterised by the initial state of the material the material being a polymer solution or dispersion
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
- D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
- D01D5/0007—Electro-spinning
- D01D5/0061—Electro-spinning characterised by the electro-spinning apparatus
- D01D5/0069—Electro-spinning characterised by the electro-spinning apparatus characterised by the spinning section, e.g. capillary tube, protrusion or pin
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
- D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
- D01D5/0007—Electro-spinning
- D01D5/0061—Electro-spinning characterised by the electro-spinning apparatus
- D01D5/0092—Electro-spinning characterised by the electro-spinning apparatus characterised by the electrical field, e.g. combined with a magnetic fields, using biased or alternating fields
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
- D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
- D04H1/42—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece
- D04H1/4382—Stretched reticular film fibres; Composite fibres; Mixed fibres; Ultrafine fibres; Fibres for artificial leather
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- Spinning Methods And Devices For Manufacturing Artificial Fibers (AREA)
- Artificial Filaments (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a composite nanofiber membrane and a preparation method thereof, wherein the thickness of the composite nanofiber membrane is 28-32 mu m, nanofibers of the composite nanofiber membrane are made of a mixture of polyacrylonitrile and polyvinylidene fluoride, the mass ratio of the polyacrylonitrile to the polyvinylidene fluoride is a: b, a is 6.8-7.3, and b is 2.9-3.1, and the composite nanofiber membrane has the advantages of strong hydrophobicity, good air permeability, difficulty in hardening, stable performance and long service life; the method for preparing the composite nanofiber membrane by using the electrostatic spinning device has the advantages of simple process, easy control, safety and reliability.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a fiber membrane, in particular to a composite nanofiber membrane for a filter material and a preparation method of the composite nanofiber membrane.
Background
In the field of air purification, nanofiber membranes are often used as filter materials. The electrostatic spinning method is an ideal method for preparing the nanofiber membrane, and as shown in figure 1, the adopted electrostatic spinning device mainly comprises a direct-current high-voltage power supply, an injection pump, an injection needle, a receiving device and the like. During production and preparation, a spinning voltage is applied between the injection needle and the receiving device by the direct-current high-voltage power supply, the high-molecular solution pushed to the liquid outlet of the injection needle by the injection pump forms a jet flow under the action of the spinning voltage, the solvent in the jet flow is volatilized in the forward movement process, and the high-molecular component forms fibers which are solidified on the receiving device in a disordered state, and finally the nanofiber membrane is formed. The filtering performance of the nanofiber membrane is not good and smooth, the pore size and the porosity are high and low, and the hydrophilicity is also one of the factors influencing the filtering performance. As shown in fig. 2, when a water droplet is dropped on the surface of a solid material, a solid-liquid-gas three-phase interface is formed, an included angle θ between the solid-liquid interface and the gas-liquid interface is called a contact angle, the solid material with the contact angle smaller than 90 ° is called a hydrophilic material, and the solid material with the contact angle larger than 90 ° is called a hydrophobic material in an energy balance state. The existing nanofiber membrane affects the filtration performance due to strong hydrophilicity, and the existing nanofiber membrane is easy to have the conditions of poor air permeability, increased thickness, hardening and the like particularly under a high-humidity environment.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a composite nanofiber membrane and a preparation method thereof, the composite nanofiber membrane has the advantages of strong hydrophobicity, good air permeability, difficulty in hardening, stable performance and long service life, and can maintain a good filtering effect for a long time in a high-humidity environment; the preparation method has the advantages of simple process, easy control, safety and reliability.
In order to solve the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a composite nanofiber membrane, the thickness of the composite nanofiber membrane is 28-32 microns, nanofibers of the composite nanofiber membrane are made of a mixture of polyacrylonitrile and polyvinylidene fluoride, the mass ratio of the polyacrylonitrile to the polyvinylidene fluoride is a: b, a is 6.8-7.3, and b is 2.9-3.1.
The invention also provides a method for preparing the composite nanofiber membrane by using the electrostatic spinning device, wherein the electrostatic spinning device comprises a direct-current high-voltage power supply, an injection pump, an injection needle and a receiving device, the injection needle is arranged on the injection pump, and the receiving device is arranged on the lower side of the injection needle, and the method comprises the following steps:
weighing a certain amount of polyacrylonitrile and polyvinylidene fluoride according to a set mass ratio, and placing the weighed polyacrylonitrile and polyvinylidene fluoride in an N, N-dimethyl diamide solvent to form a mixed solution with a set concentration;
secondly, placing the mixed solution in an injection pump, and applying spinning voltage between an injection needle and a receiving device through a direct-current high-voltage power supply;
thirdly, enabling the injection pump to push the mixed solution at a preset liquid feeding rate, enabling the injection pump to reciprocate along the x axis at the speed of v1, and enabling the receiving device to linearly move along the y axis at the speed of v 2;
and fourthly, after the required composite nanofiber membrane is formed on the receiving device, stopping the liquid feeding and the movement of the injection pump, stopping the movement of the receiving device, and stopping the application of the spinning voltage by the direct-current high-voltage power supply.
Further, the invention provides a method for preparing a composite nanofiber membrane by using an electrostatic spinning device, wherein in the first step, the relative molecular weight of polyacrylonitrile is 130000, the relative molecular weight of polyvinylidene fluoride is 500000, the set mass ratio is a: b, a is 6.8-7.3, b is 2.9-3.1, and the set concentration is 8-15%.
Further, the present invention is a method for preparing a composite nanofiber membrane using an electrospinning device, wherein a is 7, b is 3, and the set concentration is 10%.
Further, the invention relates to a method for preparing a composite nanofiber membrane by using an electrostatic spinning device, wherein in the second step, the spinning voltage is 18 kV-26 kV.
Further, the invention relates to a method for preparing a composite nanofiber membrane by using an electrostatic spinning device, wherein the spinning voltage is 21 kV.
Further, the present invention is a method for preparing a composite nanofiber membrane using an electrospinning device, wherein, in step three, the liquid feeding rate is 0.7ml/h to 1.2ml/h, the v1 is 130mm/s to 180mm/s, the v2 is 90mm/s to 115mm/s, and the reciprocating amplitude of the injection pump is 15cm to 18 cm.
Further, the present invention is a method for preparing a composite nanofiber membrane using an electrospinning device, wherein the liquid feeding rate is 0.8ml/h, the v1 is 150mm/s, the v2 is 100mm/s, and the amplitude of the reciprocating motion of the injection pump is 16 cm.
Further, the invention relates to a method for preparing a composite nanofiber membrane by using an electrostatic spinning device, wherein the inner diameter of an injection needle is 0.812mm, and the linear distance from a liquid outlet of the injection needle to a receiving device is 18-25 cm.
Further, the invention relates to a method for preparing a composite nanofiber membrane by using an electrostatic spinning device, wherein the linear distance from a liquid outlet of an injection needle to a receiving device is 20 cm.
Compared with the prior art, the composite nanofiber membrane and the preparation method thereof have the following advantages: according to the invention, the thickness of the composite nanofiber membrane is kept at 28-32 mu m, the nanofibers of the composite nanofiber membrane are made of a mixture of polyacrylonitrile and polyvinylidene fluoride, the mass ratio of the polyacrylonitrile to the polyvinylidene fluoride is a: b, a is 6.8-7.3, and b is 2.9-3.1, so that the composite nanofiber membrane with strong hydrophobicity, good air permeability, difficulty in hardening, stable performance and long service life is formed. According to the invention, polyvinylidene fluoride is added into the polyacrylonitrile which is the main material for preparing the nanofiber membrane in a certain proportion, so that the hydrophobicity of the nanofiber membrane is enhanced, the nanofiber membrane can be used as a filter material in a high-humidity environment, the hardening can be effectively avoided, and the good air permeability and the good filtering effect can be maintained for a long time. The preparation method of the composite nanofiber membrane has the advantages of simple process, easy control, safety and reliability.
The composite nanofiber membrane and the preparation method thereof according to the present invention will be further described in detail with reference to the following specific embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings:
drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of an electrospinning apparatus;
FIG. 2 is a schematic illustration of contact angle;
FIG. 3 is an electron scanning topography of a composite nanofiber membrane of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a fiber diameter profile of a composite nanofiber membrane of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a contact angle test picture of a composite nanofiber membrane of the present invention.
Detailed Description
It should be noted that, the directional terms such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc. are only used for describing the present invention according to the attached drawings, so as to facilitate understanding, and do not limit the technical solution and the claimed scope of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 3 to 5, in the embodiment of the composite nanofiber membrane of the present invention, the thickness of the composite nanofiber membrane is maintained at 28 to 32 μm, the nanofibers of the composite nanofiber membrane are made of a mixture of polyacrylonitrile and polyvinylidene fluoride, the mass ratio of polyacrylonitrile to polyvinylidene fluoride is a: b, a is 6.8 to 7.3, and b is 2.9 to 3.1. Therefore, the composite nanofiber membrane with strong hydrophobicity, good air permeability, difficulty in hardening, stable performance and long service life is formed. The polyvinylidene fluoride with a certain proportion is added into the polyacrylonitrile as the main material for preparing the nanofiber membrane, so that the hydrophobicity of the nanofiber membrane is enhanced, and experiments prove that the contact angle of the composite nanofiber membrane reaches 126.7 degrees and is far more than 90 degrees, the composite nanofiber membrane can be used as a filter material in a high-humidity environment, the hardening can be effectively avoided, and the good air permeability and the good filtering effect can be kept for a long time.
Based on the same conception, the invention also provides a method for preparing the composite nanofiber membrane by using the electrostatic spinning device, wherein the electrostatic spinning device comprises a direct-current high-voltage power supply 1, an injection pump 2, an injection needle 3 and a receiving device 4, the injection needle 3 is arranged on the injection pump 2, the receiving device 4 is arranged at the lower side of the injection needle 3, and the method for preparing the composite nanofiber membrane specifically comprises the following steps:
weighing a certain amount of polyacrylonitrile and polyvinylidene fluoride according to a set mass ratio, and placing the weighed polyacrylonitrile and polyvinylidene fluoride in an N, N-dimethyl diamide solvent to form a mixed solution with a set concentration.
Secondly, the mixed solution is placed in an injection pump 2, and spinning voltage is applied between an injection needle 3 and a receiving device 4 through a direct-current high-voltage power supply 1.
And thirdly, enabling the injection pump 2 to push the mixed solution at a preset liquid feeding rate, enabling the injection pump 2 to reciprocate along the x axis at the speed of v1, and enabling the receiving device 4 to linearly move along the y axis at the speed of v 2. This way the nanofibres solidified to the receiving means can form a face.
And fourthly, after the required composite nanofiber membrane is formed on the receiving device 4, stopping the liquid feeding and the movement of the injection pump 2, stopping the movement of the receiving device 4, and stopping the application of the spinning voltage by the direct-current high-voltage power supply 1.
In the first step, the relative molecular weight of polyacrylonitrile is 130000, and the relative molecular weight of polyvinylidene fluoride is 500000, so that the mixed solution has longer molecular chains and the viscosity and spinnability are improved; the composite nanofiber membrane obtained is made to have strong hydrophobicity by setting the mass ratio of a to b, wherein a is 6.8-7.3, b is 2.9-3.1, and the set concentration is 8-15%. Further, the hydrophobic property of the composite nanofiber membrane was optimized by setting a to 7 and b to 3 at a set concentration of 10%.
In a specific embodiment, in the second step, the spinning voltage is maintained at 18kV to 26kV, and further, the spinning voltage is maintained at 21 kV. In the third step, the liquid feeding rate is set to be 0.7 ml/h-1.2 ml/h, v1 is set to be 130 mm/s-180 mm/s, v2 is set to be 90 mm/s-115 mm/s, and the amplitude of the reciprocating motion of the injection pump 2 is set to be 15 cm-18 cm. So as to obtain the composite nanofiber membrane with the thickness of 28-32 mu m, and keep the composite nanofiber membrane with smaller aperture and higher porosity. Further, the liquid feeding rate was set to 0.8ml/h, v1 was set to 150mm/s, v2 was set to 100mm/s, and the amplitude of reciprocation of the syringe pump 2 was set to 16cm, to optimize the performance parameters of the composite nanofiber membrane.
It should be noted that, in the production process, the invention generally adopts the injection needle 3 with an inner diameter of 0.812mm, and the linear distance from the liquid outlet of the injection needle 3 to the receiving device 4 is 18cm to 25cm, so that the solvent in the mixed solution is fully volatilized, and the performance stability of the composite nanofiber membrane is improved. More specifically, the linear distance from the liquid outlet of the injection needle 3 to the receiving device 4 is 20 cm. It should be noted that the above-mentioned set mass ratio, set concentration, spinning voltage, liquid feeding rate, reciprocating speed of the injection pump and linear movement speed of the receiving device are mutually influenced and cooperated, and jointly determine the performance parameters of the composite nanofiber membrane.
The method for preparing the composite nanofiber membrane by using the electrostatic spinning device has the advantages of simple process, easiness in control, safety and reliability.
Practical application shows that the composite nanofiber membrane prepared by the method can produce the following beneficial effects: the hydrophobic filter material has strong hydrophobicity, can be used as a filter material in a high-humidity environment, can effectively avoid hardening, can keep good air permeability and filtering effect for a long time, prolongs the service life and reduces the cost.
The above examples are only for describing the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and do not limit the scope of the claimed invention, and various modifications made by those skilled in the art according to the technical solutions of the present invention should fall within the scope of the invention defined by the claims of the present invention without departing from the design concept of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The composite nanofiber membrane is characterized in that the thickness of the composite nanofiber membrane is 28-32 microns, nanofibers of the composite nanofiber membrane are made of a mixture of polyacrylonitrile and polyvinylidene fluoride, the mass ratio of the polyacrylonitrile to the polyvinylidene fluoride is a: b, the a is 6.8-7.3, and the b is 2.9-3.1.
2. A method for preparing a composite nanofiber membrane using an electrospinning device, the electrospinning device including a direct-current high-voltage power supply (1), an injection pump (2), an injection needle (3), and a receiving device (4), the injection needle (3) being mounted on the injection pump (2), the receiving device (4) being disposed at a lower side of the injection needle (3), the method comprising the steps of:
weighing a certain amount of polyacrylonitrile and polyvinylidene fluoride according to a set mass ratio, and placing the weighed polyacrylonitrile and polyvinylidene fluoride in an N, N-dimethyl diamide solvent to form a mixed solution with a set concentration;
secondly, placing the mixed solution in an injection pump (2), and applying spinning voltage between an injection needle (3) and a receiving device (4) through a direct-current high-voltage power supply (1);
thirdly, the injection pump (2) pushes the mixed solution at a preset liquid feeding rate, the injection pump (2) reciprocates along the x axis at the speed of v1, and the receiving device (4) moves linearly along the y axis at the speed of v 2;
and fourthly, after the required composite nanofiber membrane is formed on the receiving device (4), stopping the liquid feeding and the movement of the injection pump (2), stopping the movement of the receiving device (4), and stopping the application of the spinning voltage by the direct-current high-voltage power supply (1).
3. The method for preparing a composite nanofiber membrane according to claim 2, wherein in the first step, the relative molecular weight of polyacrylonitrile is 130000, the relative molecular weight of polyvinylidene fluoride is 500000, the set mass ratio is a: b, a is 6.8-7.3, b is 2.9-3.1, and the set concentration is 8-15%.
4. The method for preparing a composite nanofiber membrane according to claim 3, wherein a is 7, b is 3, and the set concentration is 10%.
5. The method for preparing a composite nanofiber membrane using an electrospinning device according to claim 2, wherein the spinning voltage is 18kV to 26kV in the second step.
6. The method for preparing a composite nanofiber membrane using an electrospinning device according to claim 5, wherein the spinning voltage is 21 kV.
7. The method for preparing a composite nanofiber membrane using an electrospinning device according to claim 2, wherein the liquid feeding rate is 0.7ml/h to 1.2ml/h, the v1 is 130mm/s to 180mm/s, the v2 is 90mm/s to 115mm/s, and the amplitude of the reciprocating motion of the injection pump (2) is 15cm to 18cm in step three.
8. The method for preparing a composite nanofiber membrane using an electrospinning device according to claim 7, wherein the liquid feeding rate is 0.8ml/h, the v 1-150 mm/s, the v 2-100 mm/s, and the amplitude of the reciprocating motion of the injection pump (2) is 16 cm.
9. The method for preparing the composite nanofiber membrane by using the electrospinning device according to claim 2, wherein the inner diameter of the injection needle (3) is 0.812mm, and the linear distance from the liquid outlet of the injection needle (3) to the receiving device (4) is 18 cm-25 cm.
10. The method for preparing a composite nanofiber membrane by using an electrospinning device according to claim 9, wherein the straight-line distance from the liquid outlet of the injection needle (3) to the receiving device (4) is 20 cm.
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2010247035A (en) * | 2009-04-13 | 2010-11-04 | Nippon Muki Co Ltd | Filter medium for air filter, and air filter |
| CN102974232A (en) * | 2012-11-26 | 2013-03-20 | 武汉江扬环境科技有限公司 | Method for producing anti-pollution modified polyvinylidene fluoride hollow fiber membrane |
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Application publication date: 20200410 |
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