CN110959329A - Treatment method of shell-free pumpkin seeds - Google Patents
Treatment method of shell-free pumpkin seeds Download PDFInfo
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- CN110959329A CN110959329A CN201911085733.9A CN201911085733A CN110959329A CN 110959329 A CN110959329 A CN 110959329A CN 201911085733 A CN201911085733 A CN 201911085733A CN 110959329 A CN110959329 A CN 110959329A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
- A01C1/06—Coating or dressing seed
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
- A01C1/08—Immunising seed
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N37/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids
- A01N37/12—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids containing the group, wherein Cn means a carbon skeleton not containing a ring; Thio analogues thereof
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N47/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom not being member of a ring and having no bond to a carbon or hydrogen atom, e.g. derivatives of carbonic acid
- A01N47/08—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom not being member of a ring and having no bond to a carbon or hydrogen atom, e.g. derivatives of carbonic acid the carbon atom having one or more single bonds to nitrogen atoms
- A01N47/10—Carbamic acid derivatives, i.e. containing the group —O—CO—N<; Thio analogues thereof
- A01N47/18—Carbamic acid derivatives, i.e. containing the group —O—CO—N<; Thio analogues thereof containing a —O—CO—N< group, or a thio analogue thereof, directly attached to a heterocyclic or cycloaliphatic ring
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N59/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing elements or inorganic compounds
- A01N59/06—Aluminium; Calcium; Magnesium; Compounds thereof
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
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- A01N59/16—Heavy metals; Compounds thereof
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N61/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing substances of unknown or undetermined composition, e.g. substances characterised only by the mode of action
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
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- A01N63/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing microorganisms, viruses, microbial fungi, animals or substances produced by, or obtained from, microorganisms, viruses, microbial fungi or animals, e.g. enzymes or fermentates
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
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- A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
- A01N65/08—Magnoliopsida [dicotyledons]
- A01N65/10—Apiaceae or Umbelliferae [Carrot family], e.g. parsley, caraway, dill, lovage, fennel or snakebed
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the field of crop seed treatment, and provides a shell-free pumpkin seed treatment method which comprises the steps of ⑴ disinfection treatment, ⑵ electric field treatment and ⑶ pre-sowing treatment.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of crop seed treatment, and particularly relates to a shell-free pumpkin seed treatment method.
Background
Compared with common pumpkin seeds, the pumpkin seeds without husks can obtain complete and undamaged nuts, and are favorable for deep processing. The naked-kernel pumpkin belongs to medium and short vines, has main stem type, no branch or extremely weak branch, has light green vines with arrises and semitransparent spines, is easy to generate adventitious roots, has short internodes, does not need to be branched or pinched during planting, and has the characteristics of good comprehensive character, large melon seeds, high yield, easy management and the like. In recent years, the export of naked-kernel pumpkin seeds is gradually increased, the planting area of the naked-kernel pumpkin is also enlarged year by year, and the naked-kernel pumpkin seeds are popular with broad growers. At present, the seeds of the shell-free pumpkin are usually soaked in warm water at 30 ℃ for a period of time, drained and put in a cloth bag or a gunny bag for accelerating germination.
At present, the crop seed treatment technology comprises a sulfuric acid rotten skin treatment method, a mechanical skin breaking treatment method, a water temperature changing seed soaking method, a medicine seed soaking method, a seed dressing method and the like. In recent years, domestic and foreign researches show that after the seeds are treated by physical factors such as external electric fields, magnetic fields, currents, ultrasonic waves and the like, the vitality of the seeds can be improved, certain influence is generated on the germination of the seeds and the growth of seedlings, and the yield of crops can be increased.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for treating the seeds of the shell-free pumpkins, which can improve the seed germination rate of the shell-free pumpkins, reduce the occurrence of plant diseases and insect pests and improve the yield of the shell-free pumpkins.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions.
A method for processing the seeds of the shell-free pumpkin comprises the following steps:
⑴ Disinfection treatment
Mixing 5-15 parts of biogas slurry, 1-3 parts of 50% carbendazim 500-fold liquid, 1-3 parts of potassium permanganate with the mass concentration of 0.2-0.4% and 100 parts of clear water according to parts by weight to obtain a disinfection treatment liquid, immersing the shell-free pumpkin seeds in the disinfection treatment liquid for treatment for 5-20min, fishing out and draining;
⑵ electric field treatment
Treating the seeds of the shell-less pumpkin in an electrostatic field for 5-10min, wherein the electric field intensity is 0.9-1.3kV/cm, the electric field frequency is 15-25kHz, and taking out the seeds and placing the seeds at the temperature of 4 ℃ for 12-24 h;
⑶ pretreatment before sowing
According to the weight parts, 0.01-0.03 part of diethyl aminoethyl hexanoate, 0.3-0.5 part of bacillus licheniformis powder, 0.4-1 part of trichoderma viride powder, 0.1-0.5 part of calcium chloride, 0.1-0.3 part of fructus cnidii extract, 1-2 parts of sodium alginate, 1-2 parts of chitosan, 1-3 parts of attapulgite ultrafine powder, 1-2 parts of ammonium molybdate, 0.2-0.4 part of triethanolamine and 5-10 parts of acetylated tapioca starch are added into 45-85 parts of clear water, heated to 40-55 ℃, stirred for 2-5min to obtain a seed coating solution of the unshelled pumpkin, the seed coating solution of the unshelled pumpkin at 30-40 ℃ is poured into a coating machine, the unshelled pumpkin seeds treated in the step ⑵ are immediately added, the coating machine is started, the coating machine is rotated at the rotation speed of 400r/min, rotated for 2-3min, the seeds are poured out, and directly sowed after being dried in the shade.
Preferably, the electric field intensity during the electric field treatment is 1.1kV/cm, and the electric field frequency is 20 kHz.
Preferably, the seed coating liquid of the shell-free pumpkin is also added with 0.1 to 0.2 portion of alkaline rose essence.
The invention has the beneficial technical effects that: the method is characterized in that multi-component disinfection is carried out on the seeds of the shell-free pumpkin to kill germs carried by the seeds, then the seeds are stimulated and activated by an electric field to improve the activity of the seeds, and then the seeds are coated and subjected to film forming treatment, so that the seeds are prevented from being directly contacted with soil after being sown, the occurrence of plant diseases and insect pests can be prevented and controlled, the stress resistance of the seeds can be improved, the germination rate of the shell-free pumpkin seeds is improved, the growth environment of seedlings is improved, and the occurrence of plant diseases.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to specific embodiments of the present invention, and it should be understood that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments.
Example 1
A method for processing the seeds of the shell-free pumpkin comprises the following steps:
⑴ Disinfection treatment
Mixing 5 parts of biogas slurry, 1 part of 50% carbendazim 500-fold liquid, 1 part of potassium permanganate with the mass concentration of 0.2% and 100 parts of clear water according to parts by weight to obtain a disinfection treatment liquid, immersing the shell-free pumpkin seeds into the disinfection treatment liquid for treatment for 5min, fishing out and draining;
⑵ electric field treatment
Treating the seeds of the shell-free pumpkin in an electrostatic field for 5min, wherein the electric field intensity is 0.9kV/cm, the electric field frequency is 15kHz, and taking out the seeds and placing the seeds at the temperature of 4 ℃ for 24 h;
⑶ pretreatment before sowing
Adding 0.01 part of diethyl aminoethyl hexanoate, 0.3 part of bacillus licheniformis powder, 0.4 part of trichoderma viride powder, 0.1 part of calcium chloride, 0.1 part of fructus cnidii extract, 1 part of sodium alginate, 1 part of chitosan, 1 part of attapulgite ultrafine powder, 1 part of ammonium molybdate, 0.2 part of triethanolamine and 5 parts of acetylated tapioca starch into 45 parts of clear water, heating to 40 ℃, stirring for 2-5min to obtain a seed coating solution of the shell-free pumpkin, pouring the seed coating solution of the shell-free pumpkin at 30 ℃ into a coating machine, immediately adding the seed of the shell-free pumpkin treated in the step ⑵, starting the coating machine, rotating at the rotating speed of 400r/min for 2min, pouring out the seed, drying in the shade and then directly sowing.
Example 2
A method for processing the seeds of the shell-free pumpkin comprises the following steps:
⑴ Disinfection treatment
Mixing 15 parts of biogas slurry, 3 parts of 50% carbendazim 500-fold liquid, 3 parts of potassium permanganate with the mass concentration of 0.4% and 100 parts of clear water according to parts by weight to obtain a disinfection treatment liquid, immersing the shell-free pumpkin seeds into the disinfection treatment liquid for treatment for 20min, taking out the seeds, and draining;
⑵ electric field treatment
Treating the seeds of the shell-free pumpkin in an electrostatic field for 10min, wherein the electric field intensity is 1.3kV/cm, the electric field frequency is 25kHz, and taking out the seeds and placing the seeds at the temperature of 4 ℃ for 12 h;
⑶ pretreatment before sowing
Adding 0.03 part of diethyl aminoethyl hexanoate, 0.5 part of bacillus licheniformis powder, 1 part of trichoderma viride powder, 0.5 part of calcium chloride, 0.3 part of fructus cnidii extract, 2 parts of sodium alginate, 2 parts of chitosan, 3 parts of attapulgite ultrafine powder, 2 parts of ammonium molybdate, 0.4 part of triethanolamine and 10 parts of acetylated tapioca starch into 85 parts of clear water, heating to 55 ℃, stirring for 5min to obtain a seed coating solution of the shell-free pumpkin, pouring the seed coating solution of the shell-free pumpkin at 40 ℃ into a coating machine, immediately adding the seed treated in the step ⑵ into the seed coating machine, starting the coating machine, rotating at the rotating speed of 600r/min for 3min, pouring out the seed, drying in the shade and then directly sowing.
Example 3
A method for processing the seeds of the shell-free pumpkin comprises the following steps:
⑴ Disinfection treatment
Mixing 10 parts of biogas slurry, 2 parts of 50% carbendazim 500-fold liquid, 2 parts of potassium permanganate with the mass concentration of 0.3% and 100 parts of clear water according to parts by weight to obtain a disinfection treatment liquid, immersing the shell-free pumpkin seeds into the disinfection treatment liquid for treatment for 10min, taking out the seeds, and draining;
⑵ electric field treatment
Placing the seeds of the shell-free pumpkin in an electrostatic field for treatment for 7min, wherein the electric field intensity is 1.1kV/cm, the electric field frequency is 20kHz, taking out the seeds, and placing the seeds at the temperature of 4 ℃ for 18 h;
⑶ pretreatment before sowing
According to the weight parts, 0.02 part of diethyl aminoethyl hexanoate, 0.4 part of bacillus licheniformis powder, 0.8 part of trichoderma viride powder, 0.3 part of calcium chloride, 0.2 part of fructus cnidii extract, 1.5 parts of sodium alginate, 1.5 parts of chitosan, 1.5 parts of attapulgite ultrafine powder, 1.5 parts of ammonium molybdate, 0.3 part of triethanolamine, 0.15 part of alkaline rose essence and 8 parts of acetylated tapioca starch are added into 65 parts of clear water, heated to 40 ℃ and stirred for 3min to obtain the non-shell pumpkin seed coating liquid, the non-shell pumpkin seed coating liquid with the temperature of 35 ℃ is poured into a coating machine, the non-shell pumpkin seeds treated in the step ⑵ are immediately added, the coating machine is started, the rotating speed is 500r/min, the rotating is carried out for 2.5min, the seeds are poured out, and the seeds are directly sowed after being dried in the shade.
Test of
The seedings of the seeded seedless pumpkins treated by the method of example 3 were used as test groups, and the seedings were directly sown without seed treatment were used as control groups, and the germination rate, the number of seeds of single pumpkins, the thousand seed weight and the yield were measured after the seedings were respectively sown under the same conditions, and the data are recorded as table 1.
The test results show that the treatment method can greatly improve the germination rate and yield of the shell-free pumpkin seeds.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.
Claims (3)
1. A method for processing the seeds of the shell-free pumpkin is characterized by comprising the following steps:
⑴ Disinfection treatment
Mixing 5-15 parts of biogas slurry, 1-3 parts of 50% carbendazim 500-fold liquid, 1-3 parts of potassium permanganate with the mass concentration of 0.2-0.4% and 100 parts of clear water according to parts by weight to obtain a disinfection treatment liquid, immersing the shell-free pumpkin seeds in the disinfection treatment liquid for treatment for 5-20min, fishing out and draining;
⑵ electric field treatment
Treating the seeds of the shell-less pumpkin in an electrostatic field for 5-10min, wherein the electric field intensity is 0.9-1.3kV/cm, the electric field frequency is 15-25kHz, and taking out the seeds and placing the seeds at the temperature of 4 ℃ for 12-24 h;
⑶ pretreatment before sowing
According to the weight parts, 0.01-0.03 part of diethyl aminoethyl hexanoate, 0.3-0.5 part of bacillus licheniformis powder, 0.4-1 part of trichoderma viride powder, 0.1-0.5 part of calcium chloride, 0.1-0.3 part of fructus cnidii extract, 1-2 parts of sodium alginate, 1-2 parts of chitosan, 1-3 parts of attapulgite ultrafine powder, 1-2 parts of ammonium molybdate, 0.2-0.4 part of triethanolamine and 5-10 parts of acetylated tapioca starch are added into 45-85 parts of clear water, heated to 40-55 ℃, stirred for 2-5min to obtain a seed coating solution of the unshelled pumpkin, the seed coating solution of the unshelled pumpkin at 30-40 ℃ is poured into a coating machine, the unshelled pumpkin seeds treated in the step ⑵ are immediately added, the coating machine is started, the coating machine is rotated at the rotation speed of 400r/min, rotated for 2-3min, the seeds are poured out, and directly sowed after being dried in the shade.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the electric field intensity during the electric field treatment is 1.1kV/cm, and the electric field frequency is 20 kHz.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the shell-free pumpkin seed coating liquid is also added with 0.1-0.2 part of alkaline rose essence.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201911085733.9A CN110959329A (en) | 2019-11-08 | 2019-11-08 | Treatment method of shell-free pumpkin seeds |
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| CN201911085733.9A CN110959329A (en) | 2019-11-08 | 2019-11-08 | Treatment method of shell-free pumpkin seeds |
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