CN110958830B - Combined type environmental interference magnetic field shielding system - Google Patents
Combined type environmental interference magnetic field shielding system Download PDFInfo
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- CN110958830B CN110958830B CN201911371938.3A CN201911371938A CN110958830B CN 110958830 B CN110958830 B CN 110958830B CN 201911371938 A CN201911371938 A CN 201911371938A CN 110958830 B CN110958830 B CN 110958830B
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- H05K9/0001—Rooms or chambers
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- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R33/00—Arrangements or instruments for measuring magnetic variables
- G01R33/02—Measuring direction or magnitude of magnetic fields or magnetic flux
- G01R33/0206—Three-component magnetometers
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F7/00—Magnets
- H01F7/06—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets
- H01F7/08—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets with armatures
- H01F7/18—Circuit arrangements for obtaining desired operating characteristics, e.g. for slow operation, for sequential energisation of windings, for high-speed energisation of windings
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Abstract
The invention discloses a composite environmental interference magnetic field shielding system, which comprises a magnetic shielding room based on multiple layers of magnetic conducting materials, a fluctuating magnetic field active compensation device and a geomagnetic active compensation device, wherein the magnetic shielding room is made of a magnetic conducting material; the geomagnetic active compensation device is arranged on the outer side of the magnetic shielding room based on the multilayer magnetic conductive materials, and shares a coil framework with the fluctuating magnetic field active compensation device; the active fluctuating magnetic field compensation device outputs a compensation magnetic field which is equal to the fluctuating magnetic field in the environmental interference magnetic field in magnitude and opposite in direction, and the geomagnetic active compensation device is used for compensating the geomagnetic field. The invention can solve the problem of non-uniform stray interference magnetic field and improve the shielding efficiency.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of electromagnetic fields, and particularly relates to a composite environmental interference magnetic field shielding system.
Background
The environment interference magnetic field mainly refers to an interference magnetic field generated by magnetic objects such as geomagnetism, automobiles, subways, trains, elevators, motors, transformers and the like, and a 50Hz/60Hz power frequency magnetic field and a power frequency harmonic interference magnetic field generated by power cables.
For research and test of super-high-sensitivity magnetometers such as superconducting quantum magnetometers (SQUIDs), induction magnetometers and alkali metal atom SERF magnetometers, a magnetic screen device with a very high magnetic shielding coefficient is required to generate a very weak magnetic field environment, but the super-high-sensitivity magnetometers are limited by the level of a current magnetic shielding room, and the current actual sensitivity test indexes of the super-high magnetometers are far from the theoretical index level.
The magnetoencephalogram is more accurate in positioning diagnosis of brain injury than an electroencephalogram, is not influenced by a skull, is clear and easy to distinguish, is a brand-new diagnosis and treatment means for brain diseases, and needs an extremely low residual magnetism and noise of an environmental magnetic field in the process of manufacturing the magnetoencephalogram in order to reduce the influence of the environmental magnetic field on the diagnosis, so that the magnetic field shielding device is required to have extremely high shielding capacity on an environmental interference magnetic field.
The extreme physical condition of extremely low remanence and extremely low magnetic field noise environment is also needed in the aspects of measurement of neutron electric dipole moment and proton electric dipole moment, nuclear spin resonance research of polarized gas, magnetic nanoparticle characterization, low-field nuclear magnetic resonance and the like.
However, the residual magnetism in the traditional magnetic shielding room based on the multi-layer silicon steel sheets, permalloy and other magnetic conductive materials is generally dozens of nanometers, the shielding coefficient in a low-frequency band is lower, the magnetic field noise is larger, the overall construction cost is very high, and the overall index is difficult to meet the requirements. Although the active magnetic shielding system has low cost, has a very good shielding coefficient in a low frequency band and forms complementation with a shielding chamber, the active magnetic shielding system can only shield a uniform interference magnetic field on a spatial domain and cannot solve a non-uniform stray interference magnetic field.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of this, the invention provides a composite environmental interference magnetic field shielding system, which can solve the problem of non-uniform stray interference magnetic field and improve shielding effectiveness.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a composite environmental interference magnetic field shielding system comprises a magnetic shielding room based on multiple layers of magnetic materials, a fluctuating magnetic field active compensation device and a geomagnetic active compensation device;
the geomagnetic active compensation device is arranged on the outer side of the magnetic shielding chamber based on the multiple layers of magnetic materials, and shares a coil framework with the fluctuating magnetic active compensation device;
the active fluctuating magnetic field compensation device outputs a compensation magnetic field which is equal to the fluctuating magnetic field in the environmental interference magnetic field in magnitude and opposite in direction, and the geomagnetic active compensation device is used for compensating the geomagnetic field.
Further, the magnetic shielding room based on the multilayer magnetic conductive materials comprises a main body frame, a magnetic shielding plate, a degaussing cable and a degaussing power supply;
the main body frame is multilayer structure, the magnetic shield board is installed on the main body frame, and the demagnetization cable passes the magnetic shield board coiling and is on the magnetic shield board surface, and the demagnetization power supply is connected with the demagnetization cable electricity.
Furthermore, the fluctuating magnetic field active compensation device comprises a triaxial compensation coil, three uniaxial low-noise vector magnetic sensors and a magnetic field compensation controller;
the central axes of the three-axis compensation coils are mutually vertical, the central points of the uniform magnetic field areas are overlapped, and three magnetic axes of the three-axis compensation coils are respectively vertical to the front wall surface, the rear wall surface, the left wall surface, the right wall surface, the upper wall surface and the lower wall surface of the magnetic shielding room; the three single-axis low-noise vector magnetic sensors respectively measure the magnetic field components of the environmental magnetic field in the three-axis direction and transmit the components to the magnetic field compensation controller, so that the size of the magnetic field generated by the three-axis compensation coil is controlled.
Furthermore, the magnetic field compensation controller comprises a program-controlled high-precision reference voltage setting module, a PI feedback control module and a voltage-current conversion module, wherein voltage is preset in the program-controlled high-precision reference voltage setting module to enable the magnetic induction intensity of a target magnetic field to be consistent with that of an environmental magnetic field, and a single-shaft low-noise vector magnetic sensor monitors and collects magnetic field components of the environmental magnetic field in the three-shaft direction, transmits the magnetic field components to the PI feedback control module, and transmits the magnetic field components after being converted by the voltage-current conversion module;
taking the X direction as an example, each module parameter satisfies the following formula:
T1T2K1K2KSWKI-(T1+T2)(K1K2KSWKP+1)<0
K1K2KSWKI＞0
in the formula: t is1Representing the voltage-to-current conversion time constant, K1Representing the voltage-to-current conversion coefficient, T2Representing the time constant, K, of a low-noise vector magnetic sensor2Representing the magneto-electric conversion coefficient, K, of a low-noise vector magnetic sensorSWDenotes the X-axis compensation coil constant, KPIndicating the proportionality coefficient, K, of the PI feedback control blockIIndicating PI feedbackAn integral coefficient of the control module.
Furthermore, the geomagnetic active compensation device comprises a triaxial geomagnetic compensation coil and a three-channel constant current source;
the three-axis geomagnetic compensation coil is wound on the coil framework, and the three-channel constant current source supplies power to the three-axis geomagnetic compensation coil respectively.
Has the advantages that:
the invention adopts the optimized combination of the magnetic shielding room based on the multilayer magnetic conduction materials, the fluctuating magnetic field active compensation device and the geomagnetic active compensation device to shield the environmental interference magnetic field, on the basis of the magnetic shielding room, the fluctuating magnetic field active compensation device is added to improve the shielding coefficient of the low-frequency magnetic field, the geomagnetic active compensation device is added to reduce the residual magnetism in the shielding room, the shielding efficiency is improved, and the environmental interference magnetic field of three components can be simultaneously implemented by 107Interference magnetic field shielding of shielding coefficient of magnitude of @1Hz, and realization of extremely low remanence of magnitude of nT and sub-fT/Hz0.5Very low noise magnetic field environment of the order of @1 Hz.
The system can shield not only the non-uniform stray interference magnetic field but also the uniform interference magnetic field, has good shielding coefficient and remanence in the full frequency band of DC-10 kHz, and has the advantages of convenient use, high cost effectiveness ratio and the like.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall construction of a magnetic shield room;
fig. 2 is a schematic view of a main frame of the magnetic shield room;
FIG. 3 is a block diagram of a triaxial compensation coil structure of the active compensation device for fluctuating magnetic field;
FIG. 4 is a schematic block diagram of an active compensation device for fluctuating magnetic fields;
the magnetic shielding system comprises a 1-magnetic shielding room, a 2-magnetic shielding door, a 3-single-axis low-noise vector magnetic sensor, a 4-magnetic field compensation controller, a 5-Z-axis compensation coil, a 6-Y-axis compensation coil and a 7-X-axis compensation coil.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in detail below by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The embodiment provides a composite environmental interference magnetic field shielding system, which comprises a magnetic shielding room 1 based on multiple layers of magnetic conducting materials, a fluctuating magnetic field active compensation device and a geomagnetic active compensation device.
As shown in fig. 1, a magnetic shielding room 1 based on multiple layers of magnetic conductive materials includes a main frame, a magnetic shielding plate, a degaussing cable, and a degaussing power supply. The magnetic shielding room 1 is provided with a magnetic shielding door 2 for an operator to get in and out, and the door opening direction is taken as the X direction, namely the X direction is perpendicular to the wall where the door is located.
The main body framework is of a multilayer structure, adopts a three-layer aluminum alloy framework as a main body support of the shielding chamber, and comprises an outer-layer aluminum alloy framework, a middle-layer aluminum alloy framework and an inner-layer aluminum alloy framework. The aluminum alloy framework is made of low-magnetic materials, the static magnetic field spatial distribution is not influenced, the capacity of shielding alternating-current magnetic field interference is certain, and the main body framework is arranged by aluminum alloy section bar grids and firmly installed, as shown in figure 2.
The magnetic shielding plate is formed by combining a silicon steel sheet, permalloy and an aluminum plate, the silicon steel sheet and the permalloy mainly shield a magnetic field, and the aluminum plate is used for shielding a radio frequency electromagnetic field. 8 layers of silicon steel sheets with the total thickness of 12mm are installed on an outer aluminum alloy framework of a main body frame through a welding or pasting process, 3 layers of permalloy shielding material layers with the total thickness of 6mm are installed on a middle aluminum alloy framework through a welding or pasting process and keep a distance of 10mm with a silicon steel sheet layer, and 8 mm-thick aluminum plates are installed on an inner aluminum alloy framework. The breadth of the aluminum plate is 1m multiplied by 2m and 0.5m multiplied by 1m, three magnetic shielding layers are all installed on the main body framework in a modular assembly mode, and each surface is formed by bonding a plurality of blocks of structures, so that the assembly is convenient.
The demagnetization cable passes through the magnetic shielding plate and is wound on the surface of the magnetic shielding plate, the magnetic shielding plate is embedded after being installed, in order to keep the 1 performance of the magnetic shielding room, demagnetization treatment needs to be carried out at intervals (1-2 years), and a demagnetization power supply is electrically connected with the demagnetization cable.
As shown in fig. 3, the fluctuating magnetic field active compensation device includes a triaxial compensation coil, three uniaxial low-noise vector magnetic sensors 3, and a magnetic field compensation controller 4. And each channel carries out real-time negative feedback control according to a set magnetic field and outputs a compensation magnetic field which is equal to the fluctuating magnetic field in the environmental interference magnetic field and has the opposite direction.
The three-axis compensation coil of the fluctuating magnetic field active compensation device comprises an X-axis compensation coil 7, a Y-axis compensation coil 6 and a Z-axis compensation coil 5 which are all rectangular combined coils, and the coil constant of the central point is calculated according to the formula (1).
In the formula: w represents the number of turns, a represents the half length of the rectangular coil, b represents the half width of the rectangular coil, d represents the spacing between two rectangular coils, μ0Is a vacuum magnetic permeability.
The central axes of XYZ three-axis compensation coils of the fluctuating magnetic field active compensation device are mutually vertical, and the central points of the uniform magnetic field areas are overlapped. The skeleton of the triaxial compensation coil is realized by the mutual connection of nonmagnetic material component supports such as austenitic stainless steel, magnesium-aluminum alloy and the like. The three magnetic axes of the compensation coil are respectively vertical to the front wall, the rear wall, the left wall, the right wall and the upper wall and the lower wall of the shielding chamber, and two opposite surfaces are a group of coils which are three groups.
The single-axis low-noise vector magnetic sensor type of the fluctuating magnetic field active compensation device comprises but is not limited to a fluxgate magnetic sensor, an inductive magnetic sensor, a giant magnetoresistance diamagnetic sensor and a magnetoresistance sensor, wherein the three single-axis low-noise vector magnetic sensors are used for measuring components of an environment total magnetic field in three directions of X, Y, Z in real time, outputting corresponding three paths of analog voltage signals, respectively installing the three paths of analog voltage signals at the central positions of the left side surface, the rear side surface and the top surface of a shielding chamber, and enabling magnetic sensitive shafts to be respectively vertical to the left side surface, the rear side surface and the top surface of the shielding chamber.
The magnetic field compensation controller 4 comprises a program-controlled high-precision reference voltage setting module, a PI feedback control module and a voltage-current conversion module.
The fluctuation compensation device works independently in three directions, and in order to enable the fluctuation magnetic field active compensation device to work stably, parameters of each functional module also meet the following conditions, taking the X direction as an example:
T1T2K1K2KSWKI-(T1+T2)(K1K2KSWKP+1)<0 (2)
K1K2KSWKI＞0 (3)
in the formula: t is1Representing the voltage-to-current conversion time constant, K1Representing the voltage-to-current conversion coefficient, T2Representing the time constant, K, of a low-noise vector magnetic sensor2Representing the magneto-electric conversion coefficient, K, of a low-noise vector magnetic sensorSWDenotes the X-axis compensation coil constant, KPIndicating the proportionality coefficient, K, of the PI feedback control blockIRepresenting the integral coefficient of the PI feedback control module.
The active compensation device for the fluctuating magnetic field further comprises upper computer display and control software, and a target magnetic field value B is stabilized according to requirementsrCalculates a target voltage UrThen, the program-controlled high-precision reference voltage setting module in the magnetic field compensation controller 4 is preset through a serial port, so that the magnetic induction intensity of the target magnetic field is consistent with that of the environmental magnetic field, and U is obtainedr＝kBr+UoIn the formula, k and U0For the transformation of the parameters, it is obtained by least squares estimation.
As shown in fig. 4, after the magnetic field component of the environmental magnetic field in the three-axis direction is monitored and collected by the single-axis low-noise vector magnetic sensor, the magnetic field component is transmitted to the PI feedback control module, and is transmitted out after being converted by the voltage-current conversion module, so as to control the magnitude of the magnetic field generated by the three-axis compensation coil, and is transmitted to the upper computer display control software for receiving, and the upper computer display control software draws a magnetic field numerical value curve in real time according to needs and stores magnetic field data to an operating computer.
The geomagnetic active compensation device is used for compensating a geomagnetic field and comprises a triaxial geomagnetic compensation coil and a three-channel high-stability constant current source, wherein the triaxial geomagnetic compensation coil and a triaxial compensation coil of the fluctuating magnetic field active compensation device share one set of coil framework, namely the three sets of coil frameworks have the same coil type and are arranged outside a shielding chamber, and only coil windings need to be arranged independently. In order to minimize the remanence of the shielding chamber, the three currents output by the three-channel high-stability constant current source satisfy the relation (4):
in the formula IX、IY、IZSequentially represents geomagnetic compensation current in X-axis, Y-axis and Z-axis directions, BGX、BGY、BGZSequentially represents geomagnetic components in X-axis, Y-axis and Z-axis directions, KX、KY、KZThe coil constants of the geomagnetic compensation coil in the X-axis, Y-axis and Z-axis directions are sequentially shown.
In summary, the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (2)
1. A composite environmental interference magnetic field shielding system is characterized by comprising a magnetic shielding room based on a plurality of layers of magnetic conduction materials, a fluctuating magnetic field active compensation device and a geomagnetic active compensation device;
the geomagnetic active compensation device is arranged on the outer side of the magnetic shielding chamber based on the multiple layers of magnetic materials, and shares a coil framework with the fluctuating magnetic active compensation device;
the active fluctuating magnetic field compensation device outputs a compensation magnetic field which is equal to the fluctuating magnetic field in the environmental interference magnetic field in magnitude and opposite in direction, and the geomagnetic active compensation device is used for compensating the geomagnetic field;
the magnetic shielding room based on the multilayer magnetic conductive materials comprises a main body frame, a magnetic shielding plate, a degaussing cable and a degaussing power supply; the main body frame is of a multilayer structure, the magnetic shielding plate is arranged on the main body frame, the degaussing cable penetrates through the magnetic shielding plate and is wound on the surface of the magnetic shielding plate, and the degaussing power supply is electrically connected with the degaussing cable;
the fluctuating magnetic field active compensation device comprises a three-axis compensation coil, three single-axis low-noise vector magnetic sensors and a magnetic field compensation controller; the central axes of the three-axis compensation coils are mutually vertical, the central points of the uniform magnetic field areas are overlapped, and three magnetic axes of the three-axis compensation coils are respectively vertical to the front wall surface, the rear wall surface, the left wall surface, the right wall surface, the upper wall surface and the lower wall surface of the magnetic shielding room; the three single-axis low-noise vector magnetic sensors respectively measure the magnetic field components of the environmental magnetic field in the three-axis direction and transmit the magnetic field components to the magnetic field compensation controller, so that the size of the magnetic field generated by the three-axis compensation coil is controlled;
the magnetic field compensation controller comprises a program-controlled high-precision reference voltage setting module, a PI feedback control module and a voltage-current conversion module, wherein voltage is preset in the program-controlled high-precision reference voltage setting module to enable the magnetic induction intensity of a target magnetic field to be consistent with that of an environmental magnetic field, and a single-shaft low-noise vector magnetic sensor monitors and collects magnetic field components of the environmental magnetic field in the three-shaft direction, transmits the magnetic field components to the PI feedback control module, and transmits the magnetic field components after being converted by the voltage-current conversion module;
taking the X direction as an example, each module parameter satisfies the following formula:
T1T2K1K2KSWKI-(T1+T2)(K1K2KSWKP+1)<0
K1K2KSWKI>0
in the formula: t is1Representing the voltage-to-current conversion time constant, K1Representing the voltage-to-current conversion coefficient, T2Representing the time constant, K, of a low-noise vector magnetic sensor2Representing the magneto-electric conversion coefficient, K, of a low-noise vector magnetic sensorSWDenotes the X-axis compensation coil constant, KPIndicating the proportionality coefficient, K, of the PI feedback control blockIAn integral coefficient representing the PI feedback control module;
the geomagnetic active compensation device comprises a triaxial geomagnetic compensation coil and a three-channel constant current source; three paths of currents output by the three-channel constant current source satisfy the relation:
in the formula IX、IY、IZSequentially represents geomagnetic compensation current in X-axis, Y-axis and Z-axis directions, BGX、BGY、BGZSequentially represents geomagnetic components in X-axis, Y-axis and Z-axis directions, KX、KY、KZThe coil constants of the geomagnetic compensation coil in the X-axis, Y-axis and Z-axis directions are sequentially shown.
2. The system of claim 1, wherein the three-axis geomagnetic compensation coil is wound around the coil frame, and the three-channel constant current source supplies power to the three-axis geomagnetic compensation coil.
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| CN111554470B (en) * | 2020-05-15 | 2022-10-21 | 北京北方华创微电子装备有限公司 | Degaussing device and semiconductor processing equipment |
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| CN114980714B (en) * | 2022-05-19 | 2024-05-28 | 北京航空航天大学宁波创新研究院 | Triaxial magnetic compensation coil structure suitable for opening and closing magnetic shielding room door body |
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