CN110947369A - Preparation method and application of microalgae-based magnetic graphene and biochar - Google Patents

Preparation method and application of microalgae-based magnetic graphene and biochar Download PDF

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Publication number
CN110947369A
CN110947369A CN201911211439.8A CN201911211439A CN110947369A CN 110947369 A CN110947369 A CN 110947369A CN 201911211439 A CN201911211439 A CN 201911211439A CN 110947369 A CN110947369 A CN 110947369A
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biochar
magnetic graphene
microalgae
graphene
based magnetic
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路晏红
王彦堂
周明
刘畅
王世龙
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Henan Yongze Environment Technology Co ltd
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Henan Yongze Environment Technology Co ltd
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01JCHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J20/00Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
    • B01J20/02Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material
    • B01J20/20Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising free carbon; comprising carbon obtained by carbonising processes
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01JCHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J20/00Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
    • B01J20/22Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising organic material
    • B01J20/24Naturally occurring macromolecular compounds, e.g. humic acids or their derivatives
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01JCHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J20/00Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
    • B01J20/28Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties
    • B01J20/28002Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their physical properties
    • B01J20/28009Magnetic properties
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/28Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption
    • C02F1/281Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption using inorganic sorbents
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/28Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption
    • C02F1/283Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption using coal, charred products, or inorganic mixtures containing them
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F3/00Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F3/32Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the animals or plants used, e.g. algae
    • C02F3/322Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the animals or plants used, e.g. algae use of algae
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2101/00Nature of the contaminant
    • C02F2101/10Inorganic compounds
    • C02F2101/20Heavy metals or heavy metal compounds

Abstract

The invention discloses a preparation method and application of microalgae-based magnetic graphene and biochar, which comprises the steps of firstly preparing magnetic graphene by a coprecipitation method, then coating the magnetic graphene on the surface of the biochar by combining an n-n bond, and finally mixing cultured microalgae with the magnetic graphene and the biochar under the conditions of illumination, nutrients and the like to prepare the microalgae-based magnetic graphene and the biochar; the method has the advantages of wide application range, environment-friendly material, easiness in separation, good selectivity, high removal efficiency and the like, and has wide application prospect in the aspect of removing heavy metal ions.

Description

Preparation method and application of microalgae-based magnetic graphene and biochar
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of heavy metal wastewater treatment, and particularly relates to a preparation method and application of microalgae-based magnetic graphene and biochar.
Background
With the acceleration of urbanization and the rapid development of industry and agriculture, most cities in China have serious water pollution problems. A large amount of untreated municipal waste, industrial wastewater, domestic sewage and atmospheric sediment are continuously discharged into a water body, so that the content of heavy metal in suspended matters and sediments in the water body is rapidly increased, the heavy metal pollution of the water body becomes a global environmental pollution problem, and the treatment of the water body polluted by the heavy metal is urgent.
The domestic heavy metal wastewater treatment method comprises a lime neutralization method, a vulcanization method and the like. Although the traditional treatment processes can remove heavy metals in the wastewater, the treatment effect is poor, the quality of the treated and recovered clean water is difficult to ensure stable standard discharge, and secondary pollution is generated.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems, the invention provides a preparation method and application of microalgae-based magnetic graphene and biochar, and the problems of poor treatment effect and secondary pollution of a heavy metal wastewater treatment method are well solved.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: a preparation method of microalgae-based magnetic graphene and biochar,
1) firstly, preparing magnetic graphene: ultrasonically dispersing graphene in distilled water, and then adding Fe at normal temperature3+Stirring the ferric salt for 45-60 min, and then adding Fe under the protection of nitrogen at the temperature of 60-80 DEG C2+Stirring and reacting the ferric salt for 60-90 min, adding an ammonia water solution, stirring for 2h to enable the pH of the solution to be more than or equal to 10, obtaining magnetic graphene, and drying for later use;
2) then preparing magnetic graphene and biochar: firstly, ultrasonically dispersing magnetic graphene, a reducing agent and a coupling agent in an organic alcohol aqueous solution to obtain a modified magnetic graphene dispersion solution, then adding a certain amount of biochar into the graphene dispersion solution, magnetically stirring for 1.5-2 h, and drying under vacuum for later use; finally, pyrolyzing the obtained mixture at 500-700 ℃ for 1-2 h under nitrogen, washing and drying in vacuum for later use;
3) finally, preparing microalgae-based magnetic graphene and biochar: mixing the cultured microalgae with magnetic graphene and biochar according to a certain proportion, standing for 3-8 hours under the conditions of illumination, nutrition and the like to obtain microalgae-based magnetic graphene and biochar, and counting as a product A.
Further, the mass concentration of the graphene oxide in the step 1) is 0.1-5 g/L.
Further, Fe described in step 1)3+And Fe2+The molar ratio of (A) to (B) is 2: 1-3: 2.
Further, the auxiliary agent in the step 2) is one of urea, ethylenediamine or thiourea.
Further, the coupling agent in the step 2) is a silane coupling agent, and one of p-ethoxysilane, p-methoxysilane and gamma-aminopropyltriethoxysilane is adopted.
Further, the organic alcohol in step 2) is selected from one of methanol, ethanol or isopropanol according to the selection of the coupling agent.
Further, the biochar raw material in the step 2) is one or a mixture of a plurality of agricultural wastes, namely rice straw, corn straw, chaff and wheat straw.
Further, the microalgae selection in the step 3) can be performed according to the types and concentrations of heavy metals and the content of nitrogen and phosphorus in the wastewater, one or more of chlorella, scenedesmus, cystocephalus and spirulina can be adopted, and the mass ratio of the microalgae to the magnetic graphene to the biochar is 1: 10-1: 100.
Further, the product A is used for removing heavy metal ions in the wastewater.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects: the microalgae-based magnetic graphene and biochar have the advantages of wide application range, environment-friendly materials, easiness in separation, good selectivity, high removal efficiency and the like, have wide application prospects in the aspect of removing heavy metal ions, and particularly can screen microalgae species according to the concentration and type of heavy metals so as to selectively remove the heavy metal ions in wastewater.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The first embodiment is as follows:
1) firstly, 0.5g of graphene is ultrasonically dispersed in 500mL of distilled water, and then 0.81g of FeCl is added3·6H2O, stirring for 45-60 min at normal temperature, and then adding 0.417g FeSO under the protection of nitrogen at the temperature of 60-80 DEG C4·7H2Stirring and reacting iron salt of O for 60-90 min, adding ammonia water, stirring for 2h to enable the pH value of the solution to be more than or equal to 10, washing to be neutral, and drying in vacuum to obtain magnetic graphene;
2) then dissolving magnetic graphene, urea and p-methoxysilane in a methanol aqueous solution to form a modified magnetic graphene dispersion solution, adding the prepared biochar into the graphene dispersion solution, magnetically stirring for 1.5-2 h, and drying in vacuum for later use; finally, pyrolyzing the obtained mixture at 500-700 ℃ for 1-2 h under nitrogen, washing and drying in vacuum for later use;
3) and finally, uniformly mixing the cultured chlorella with magnetic graphene and biochar according to the mass ratio of 1: 10, and standing for 4 hours under the illumination condition to obtain novel microalgae-based magnetic graphene and biochar.
0.5g of microalgae-based magnetic graphene and biochar, and the magnetic graphene and biochar are respectively added into 100mL of wastewater with the initial cadmium ion concentration of 10mg/L and vibrated for 6 hours, and the measured ion concentration results are shown in table 1:
TABLE 1 adsorption rates of different adsorbents
Figure BDA0002297331280000031
Detailed description of the invention
The preparation of the novel microalgae-based magnetic graphene and the biochar is the same as that of the first specific embodiment.
0.5g of microalgae-based magnetic graphene and biochar are respectively added into 100mL of wastewater with the initial cadmium ion, lead ion and chromium ion concentration of 10mg/L to vibrate for 6h, and the measured ion concentration results are shown in Table 2:
table 2 selectivity of microalgae-based magnetic graphene and biochar
Figure BDA0002297331280000032
The third concrete embodiment:
1) firstly, 0.5g of graphene is ultrasonically dispersed in 500mL of distilled water, and then 0.81g of FeCl is added3·6H2O, stirring for 45-60 min at normal temperature, and then adding 0.430g of FeSO at the temperature of 60-80 ℃ under the protection of nitrogen4·7H2Stirring and reacting iron salt of O for 60-90 min, adding ammonia water, stirring for 2h to enable the pH value of the solution to be more than or equal to 10, washing to be neutral, and drying in vacuum to obtain magnetic graphene;
2) then dissolving magnetic graphene, ethylenediamine and p-ethoxysilane in an ethanol water solution to form a modified magnetic graphene dispersion solution, adding the prepared biochar into the graphene dispersion solution, magnetically stirring for 1.5-2 h, and drying under vacuum for later use; finally, pyrolyzing the obtained mixture at 500-700 ℃ for 1-2 h under nitrogen, washing and drying in vacuum for later use;
3) and finally, uniformly mixing the cultured chlorella with magnetic graphene and biochar according to the mass ratio of 1: 50, and standing for 4 hours under the illumination condition to obtain novel microalgae-based magnetic graphene and biochar.
0.5g of microalgae-based magnetic graphene and biochar, and the magnetic graphene and biochar are respectively added into 100mL of wastewater with the initial cadmium ion concentration of 5mg/L and vibrated for 6 hours, and the measured ion concentration results are shown in Table 3:
TABLE 3 adsorption rates of different adsorbents
Figure BDA0002297331280000041
The fourth concrete embodiment:
the preparation of the novel microalgae-based magnetic graphene and biochar was the same as in example 3.
0.5g of microalgae-based magnetic graphene and biochar are respectively added into 100mL of wastewater with initial cadmium ion, lead ion and chromium ion concentrations of 5mg/L to be vibrated for 6h, and the measured ion concentration results are shown in Table 4:
table 4 selectivity of microalgae-based magnetic graphene and biochar
Figure BDA0002297331280000042
Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes in the embodiments and/or modifications of the invention can be made, and equivalents and modifications of some features of the invention can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.

Claims (9)

1. A preparation method of microalgae-based magnetic graphene and biochar is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) firstly, preparing magnetic graphene: ultrasonically dispersing graphene in distilled water, and then adding Fe at normal temperature3+Stirring the ferric salt for 45-60 min, and then adding Fe under the protection of nitrogen at the temperature of 60-80 DEG C2+Stirring and reacting the ferric salt for 60-90 min, adding an ammonia water solution, stirring for 2h to enable the pH of the solution to be more than or equal to 10, washing to be neutral, and drying in vacuum to obtain magnetic graphene;
2) then preparing magnetic graphene and biochar: firstly, ultrasonically dispersing magnetic graphene, a reducing agent and a coupling agent in an organic alcohol aqueous solution to obtain a modified magnetic graphene dispersion solution, then adding a certain amount of biochar into the graphene dispersion solution, magnetically stirring for 1.5-2 h, and drying under vacuum for later use; finally, pyrolyzing the obtained mixture at 500-700 ℃ for 1-2 h under nitrogen, washing and drying in vacuum for later use;
3) finally, preparing microalgae-based magnetic graphene and biochar: mixing the cultured microalgae with magnetic graphene and biochar according to a certain proportion, standing for 3-8 hours under the conditions of illumination, nutrition and the like to obtain microalgae-based magnetic graphene and biochar, and counting as a product A.
2. The method for preparing microalgae-based magnetic graphene and biochar according to claim 1, characterized in that: the mass concentration of the graphene oxide in the step 1) is 0.1-5 g/L.
3. The method for preparing microalgae-based magnetic graphene and biochar according to claim 1, characterized in that: fe described in step 1)3+And Fe2+The molar ratio of (A) to (B) is 2: 1-3: 2.
4. The method for preparing microalgae-based magnetic graphene and biochar according to claim 1, characterized in that: the auxiliary agent in the step 2) is one of urea, ethylenediamine or thiourea.
5. The method for preparing microalgae-based magnetic graphene and biochar according to claim 1, characterized in that: the coupling agent in the step 2) is a silane coupling agent, and adopts one of p-ethoxysilane, p-methoxysilane and gamma-aminopropyltriethoxysilane.
6. The method for preparing microalgae-based magnetic graphene and biochar according to claim 1, characterized in that: the organic alcohol in the step 2) is selected based on the coupling agent, and adopts one of methanol, ethanol or isopropanol.
7. The method for preparing microalgae-based magnetic graphene and biochar according to claim 1, characterized in that: the biochar raw material in the step 2) is one or a mixture of a plurality of agricultural wastes, namely rice straw, corn straw, chaff and wheat straw.
8. The method for preparing microalgae-based magnetic graphene and biochar according to claim 1, characterized in that: the microalgae selection in the step 3) can be carried out according to the types and concentrations of heavy metals and the content of nitrogen and phosphorus in the wastewater, one or more of chlorella, scenedesmus, cysticercus and spirulina can be adopted, and the mass ratio of the microalgae to the magnetic graphene to the biochar is 1: 10-1: 100.
9. The application of the microalgae-based magnetic graphene and biochar as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: the product A is used for removing heavy metal ions in the wastewater.
CN201911211439.8A 2019-11-30 2019-11-30 Preparation method and application of microalgae-based magnetic graphene and biochar Pending CN110947369A (en)

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