CN110938200B - 一种侧链含二甲基吡啶胺类聚酯的制备方法 - Google Patents

一种侧链含二甲基吡啶胺类聚酯的制备方法 Download PDF

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CN110938200B
CN110938200B CN201911234554.7A CN201911234554A CN110938200B CN 110938200 B CN110938200 B CN 110938200B CN 201911234554 A CN201911234554 A CN 201911234554A CN 110938200 B CN110938200 B CN 110938200B
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郑玉斌
赵雪梅
郑楠
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Abstract

本发明属于高分子科学技术领域,提供一种侧链含二甲基吡啶胺类聚酯的制备方法,是通过1,3丙酮二羧酸类单体和二元醇单体在催化剂钛酸四丁酯的作用下,通过一步法本体聚合得到,聚合后与DPA在对甲苯磺酸的催化下接枝反应,最后通过与硝酸锌配位制备得到侧链含DPA‑Zn的聚酯材料。本发明的制备方法,为合成新型聚酯材料提供了技术参考同时拓宽了聚酯材料的生物应用。利用含可后修饰位点的二羧酸二甲酯为原料与多种类型二醇聚合而成的聚酯,利用DPA配位锌离子后具有良好的基因复合能力,有望将其应用于疏水性药物的包载与基因的共同递送,克服了传统聚酯只能输送疏水药物无法共同输送基因的缺点。

Description

一种侧链含二甲基吡啶胺类聚酯的制备方法
技术领域
本发明属于高分子科学技术领域,涉及一类侧链含二甲基吡啶胺类聚酯的制备方法。
背景技术
目前高分子材料的品种繁多,性质千差万别,因此可被广泛用于人体各种组织的修复和替换,例如,韧带、肌腱、皮肤、血管等各种人体软硬组织,而生物可降解高分子材料最为广泛的医学应用是作为药物控制体系的载体材料和体内短期植入物。当用生物可降解高分子材料作为载体的长效药物植入体内,在药物释放完之后也不需再经手术将载体取出,这一方面增加了药的疗效,也可以大大减少用药者的痛苦和麻烦。在生物环境作用下,这些载体材料发生结构破坏和性能蜕变,降解后的产物能通过正常的新陈代谢被肌体吸收或被排除体外。目前作为药物载体被广泛研究的生物可降解高分子材料有聚乳酸、乳酸-己内酯共聚物、乙交酯-丙交酯共聚物和己内酯-聚醚共聚物等脂肪族聚酯类高分子材料,此外还有胶原、海藻酸盐、甲壳素、纤维素衍生物等天然高聚物材料。这些生物可降解高分子材料是抗癌、青光眼、心脏病、高血压、止痛以及避孕等长期服用药物的理想载体。
但随着药物的广泛应用,多药耐药已经成为当前亟待解决的问题,同时,极低的水溶性也是抗癌药物在临床应用的一大障碍。制剂新技术的出现及生物可降解材料的不断发展,为这些问题的解决提供了可能。目前的脂肪族聚酯具有高度的生物相容性、生理无毒性和生物可降解性,但由于疏水性太强,容易被蛋白质吸附和网状内皮细胞识别并捕捉,在体内的循环时间短,且单体无后修饰位点,只能通过共混共聚,嵌段共聚物的方式增加其亲水性,改善其降解速率,因此应用领域极为局限,本发明针对这一背景利用含可后修饰位点的二羧酸二甲酯为原料与多种类型二元醇聚合而成的聚酯,利用聚合后修饰的方式侧链接枝二甲基吡啶胺(DPA)类化合物,利用其与锌离子配位后与基因中磷酯结构的强结合作用,不仅改善其疏水性,更有望将其应用于疏水性药物的包载与基因的共同递送,为合成新型聚酯材料提供了技术参考同时拓宽了聚酯材料的生物应用。
发明内容
本发明目的在于解决脂肪族聚酯亲水性不足,无法共同输送疏水性药物和亲水性基因的问题,公开了一种侧链含有DPA的聚酯制备方法,该方法制备工艺简单,反应物价格低廉且无污染,制备的脂肪族聚酯含可后修饰官能团,可用于连接亲水其可复合基因的片段改善其亲水性以及提高基因包载能力。
本发明的技术方案:
一种侧链含二甲基吡啶胺类聚酯的制备方法,步骤如下:
(1)向1,3丙酮二羧酸类单体A中加入0.5-1.5摩尔当量的二元醇单体B(优选摩尔比为A/B=1/1),再加入0.5%-2%摩尔当量的催化剂钛酸四丁酯(TBT)(优选为1.5%摩尔当量);将上述混合体系加热到100℃-150℃并持续搅拌12-24h,停止反应,加氯仿溶解,甲醇、正己烷或***中离心分离,收集沉淀,干燥12-48h,即得到聚酯材料;
(2)向聚酯材料中加入0.5-1.5摩尔当量二甲基吡啶胺(DPA)(以聚合物中单体A的量为1当量),再加入0.05-0.1摩尔当量的对甲苯磺酸(PTSA),加入二甲基亚砜(DMSO)做反应溶剂,反应体系中反应物浓度在0.1M-1M范围内,置于50-120℃热台上搅拌加热,反应12-24h;停止反应,在***中沉降3-5次,除去反应原料和溶剂,沉降得到的产物在真空烘箱抽干12-48h,即得到侧链含DPA类聚酯材料;
(3)向后修饰的聚酯材料中加入1-5摩尔当量的硝酸锌,加入DMSO做反应溶剂,反应体系中反应物浓度在0.1M-1M范围内,室温下搅拌反应12-24h;停止反应,在***、正己烷或水中沉降3-5次,除去反应原料和溶剂,沉降得到的产物在真空烘箱抽干12-48h,即得侧链含DPA-Zn类聚酯材料。
所述的1,3丙酮二羧酸类单体A为:
Figure BDA0002304540150000031
所述的二元醇单体B为:
Figure BDA0002304540150000032
本发明的有益效果:
(1)本发明提出了一种合成有后修饰位点的生物可降解聚酯材料的方法,为合成新型聚酯材料提供了技术参考同时拓宽了聚酯材料的生物应用。
(2)利用含可后修饰位点的二羧酸二甲酯为原料与多种类型二醇聚合而成的聚酯,利用DPA配位锌离子后具有良好的基因复合能力,有望将其应用于疏水性药物的包载与基因的共同递送,克服了传统聚酯只能输送疏水药物无法共同输送基因的缺点。
附图说明
图1为本发明实施例1中制备含可后修饰官能团聚酯材料核磁图。
图2为本发明实施例2中制备DPA后修饰的聚酯材料核磁图。
图3为本发明实施例3中制备锌配位的聚酯材料的核磁图。
具体实施方式
以下结合附图和技术方案,进一步说明本发明的具体实施方式。
实施例1
以单体B为1,6己二醇为例计算:利用精密天平准确称取3.588g(0.02mol,1eq)1,3-丙酮二羧酸二甲酯,于20mL反应瓶中,再准确称取2.363g(0.02mol,1eq)1,6-己二醇,最后称取102mg(3*10-4mol,0.015eq)TBT,并加入磁子,置于100℃圆台中,每隔20min升温10℃,直到升温至150℃,保持在150℃下反应4h。停止反应,冷却至室温后加4-5ml氯仿加热并超声至溶解。在20mL离心管中加15mL甲醇,每次加2mL产物,在6000r/min,5min的条件下离心,除去剩余的原料和寡聚物,离心得到的产物在真空烘箱抽干24h,所得聚合物的核磁表征如图1所示。将二元醇单体拓展为一系列不同长度的脂肪族二元醇可得到类似聚合物,其分子量及分布表征如表1所示。
表1.不同二醇与1,3-丙酮二羧酸二甲酯聚合所得聚合物的分子量及分布表征
Figure BDA0002304540150000041
Figure BDA0002304540150000051
注:a)表示由羟基滴定测得的数据;b)表示由核磁测得的数据;c)表示由GPC测得的数据
实施例2
以单体B为1,6己二醇为例计算:利用精密天平准确称取54mg聚合物(0.008mmol,羰基含量为1eq)于20mL反应瓶中,再准确称取36.6mg(0.184mmol,1eq)DPA加入反应瓶中,最后称取0.076mg(0.09mmol,0.05eq)PTSA,加入2mL DMSO做反应溶剂,并加入磁子,搅拌加热至100℃,反应24h。停止反应,在***中沉降5次,除去反应原料和溶剂,沉降得到的产物在真空烘箱抽干24h,所得侧链含DPA的聚合物的核磁表征如图2所示。
实施例3
以单体B为1,6己二醇为例计算:利用精密天平准确称取54mg侧链含DPA的聚合物,于20ml反应瓶中,再准确称取17mg(0.184mmol)硝酸锌,加入1mlDMSO做反应溶剂,室温下搅拌反应24h。停止反应,在***中沉降5次,除去反应原料和溶剂,沉降得到的产物在真空烘箱抽干24h,所得侧链含DPA-Zn的聚合物的核磁表征如图3所示。

Claims (5)

1.一种侧链含DPA-Zn类聚酯的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤如下:
(1)向1,3-丙酮二羧酸类单体A中加入0.5-1.5摩尔当量的二元醇单体B,再加入0.5%-2%摩尔当量的催化剂钛酸四丁酯TBT,以1,3-丙酮二羧酸类单体A的量为1当量;将上述混合体系加热到100℃-150℃并持续搅拌12-24h,停止反应,加氯仿溶解,甲醇、正己烷或***中离心分离,收集沉淀,干燥12-48h,即得到聚酯材料;
(2)向聚酯材料中加入0.5-1.5摩尔当量二甲基吡啶胺DPA,再加入0.05-0.1摩尔当量的对甲苯磺酸PTSA,以1,3-丙酮二羧酸类单体A的量为1当量;加入二甲基亚砜DMSO做反应溶剂,反应体系中反应物浓度在0.1M-1M范围内,置于50-120℃热台上搅拌加热,反应12-24h;停止反应,在***中沉降3-5次,除去反应原料和溶剂,沉降得到的产物在真空烘箱抽干12-48h,即得到侧链含DPA类聚酯材料;
(3)向侧链含DPA类聚酯材料中加入1-5摩尔当量的硝酸锌,以1,3-丙酮二羧酸类单体A的量为1当量;加入DMSO做反应溶剂,反应体系中反应物浓度在0.1M-1M范围内,室温下搅拌反应12-24h;停止反应,在***、正己烷或水中沉降3-5次,除去反应原料和溶剂,沉降得到的产物在真空烘箱抽干12-48h,即得侧链含DPA-Zn类聚酯材料。
2.根据权利要求1所述的侧链含DPA-Zn类聚酯的制备方法,其特征在于,所述的1,3-丙酮二羧酸类单体A为:
Figure FDA0002923052370000011
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的侧链含DPA-Zn类聚酯的制备方法,其特征在于,所述的二元醇单体B为:
Figure FDA0002923052370000021
4.根据权利要求1或2所述的侧链含DPA-Zn类聚酯的制备方法,其特征在于,1,3-丙酮二羧酸类单体A与二元醇单体B的摩尔比为1/1,1,3-丙酮二羧酸类单体A与钛酸四丁酯的摩尔比为1/0.015。
5.根据权利要求3所述的侧链含DPA-Zn类聚酯的制备方法,其特征在于,1,3-丙酮二羧酸类单体A与二元醇单体B的摩尔比为1/1,1,3-丙酮二羧酸类单体A与钛酸四丁酯的摩尔比为1/0.015。
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