CN110915427A

CN110915427A - Multipurpose threshing cylinder

Info

Publication number: CN110915427A
Application number: CN201911301251.2A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 谢方平; 曹鑫; 王修善; 刘大为; 李旭; 邬备; 张正中; 康家鑫; 吴正阳; 罗红兵
Original assignee: Hunan Agricultural University
Current assignee: Hunan Agricultural University
Priority date: 2019-12-17
Filing date: 2019-12-17
Publication date: 2020-03-27
Anticipated expiration: 2039-12-17
Also published as: CN110915427B

Abstract

The invention discloses a multi-purpose threshing cylinder, which comprises a main shaft and a plurality of supports arranged on the main shaft, wherein the supports are arranged at intervals around the main shaft, each support is provided with a composite toothed bar, the composite toothed bar is provided with a plurality of first threshing teeth and a plurality of second threshing teeth, the composite toothed bar is rotatably arranged on the supports and can rotate between a first angle and a second angle, the first threshing teeth are higher than the second threshing teeth in the radial direction of the main shaft when the composite toothed bar is positioned at the first angle, the second threshing teeth are higher than the first threshing teeth in the radial direction of the main shaft when the composite toothed bar is positioned at the second angle, and the multi-purpose threshing cylinder further comprises a rotation driving component for driving each composite toothed bar to rotate. The multi-purpose threshing cylinder has the functions of threshing various crops, and has the advantages of simple and compact structure, low cost, easy manufacture and assembly, good threshing effect, simple and flexible adjustment and the like.

Description

Multipurpose threshing cylinder

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural machinery, in particular to a multipurpose threshing cylinder.

Background

Rice and corn are two main grain crops in China, and play an important role in food safety in China. At present, the harvesting of rice and corn is realized by using special machines, and the purpose that one harvesting machine can harvest two grain crops of rice and corn at the same time cannot be realized. The southern area is the main production area of rice in China, the rice harvesting mechanization degree is high, the rice harvesting mechanical technology is mature, corn is planted in partial areas in the southern area, but a single piece of planting area is small, large-scale machinery in the northern area cannot be directly introduced into the southern area to harvest corn, and the problems of high research and development cost, small market range, low return profit and the like exist in the independent research and development of machinery for harvesting corn in the southern area, so the southern area is low in corn harvesting mechanization degree and high in harvesting difficulty. The existing rice combine harvester in the south is improved, the multiple purposes of one machine are realized, and the problems of low mechanization degree and high harvesting difficulty of corn harvesting in the south can be solved. The core problem of realizing multiple crop threshing of the threshing device is realizing multiple purposes of one machine, so the invention provides the multifunctional threshing cylinder suitable for threshing multiple crops, and has important significance for realizing multiple purposes of one machine.

The existing threshing cylinder suitable for threshing various crops mostly adopts a structure of combining various threshing elements, combines the advantages of the threshing elements suitable for different crops, can realize threshing of various crops, but can not realize conversion of the threshing elements, simultaneously keeps the defects of the threshing elements, and has poor threshing effect. And in order to ensure the threshing performance, the combined threshing cylinder of various threshing elements relatively increases the length of the threshing cylinder, so that the size of the whole machine is increased.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the technical problem of overcoming the defects in the prior art and provide the multipurpose threshing cylinder which has the functions of threshing various crops, has simple and compact structure, low cost, easy manufacture and assembly, good threshing effect and simple, convenient and flexible adjustment.

In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:

the utility model provides a multi-purpose threshing cylinder, includes the main shaft and installs a plurality of supports on the main shaft, and is a plurality of the support is around main shaft interval arrangement, is equipped with compound ratch on each support, compound ratch is equipped with a plurality of first threshing teeth and a plurality of second threshing teeth, compound ratch rotates and installs on the support and can rotate between first angle and second angle, first threshing teeth is higher than the second threshing teeth in the radial direction of main shaft when compound ratch is in first angle, compound ratch is higher than first threshing teeth in the radial direction of main shaft when second angle second threshing teeth is higher than, multi-purpose threshing cylinder is still including being used for driving each compound ratch pivoted rotation driving component.

As a further improvement of the above technical solution:

the multiple first threshing teeth are arranged in a row along the axial direction of the main shaft, the multiple second threshing teeth are arranged in a row along the axial direction of the main shaft, and the extending direction of the first threshing teeth and the extending direction of the second threshing teeth on the same composite toothed bar are perpendicular to each other.

When the composite toothed bar is at a first angle, the first threshing teeth extend outwards along the radial direction of the main shaft, and when the composite toothed bar is at a second angle, the second threshing teeth extend outwards along the radial direction of the main shaft.

The first threshing teeth are gear teeth, and the second threshing teeth are nail teeth.

The support comprises two vertical rods, the two vertical rods are fixedly connected to the main shaft and are arranged at intervals in the axial direction of the main shaft, and two ends of the composite toothed bar are respectively connected with the two vertical rods in a rotating mode.

The rotation driving assembly comprises a rotating frame, the rotating frame is rotatably installed on the main shaft by taking the main shaft as a rotating shaft, each composite toothed bar is connected with a swing rod which rotates synchronously along with the composite toothed bar, a strip-shaped groove is formed in the swing rod, a driving rod is arranged on the rotating frame corresponding to each swing rod, the driving rod is inserted into the strip-shaped groove and forces the swing rod to drive the composite toothed bar to rotate between a first angle and a second angle when the rotating frame rotates in a reciprocating mode, and the rotation driving assembly further comprises a rotation driving mechanism for driving the rotating frame to rotate.

The rotation driving mechanism is a hand wheel connected with the rotating frame.

The rotation driving mechanism is a motor or a hydraulic motor or a starting motor connected with the rotating frame.

The multi-purpose threshing cylinder also comprises a rotation stopping positioning mechanism for preventing the composite toothed bar from rotating when the composite toothed bar is at a first angle and a second angle.

The rotation stopping positioning mechanism comprises a positioning bolt and a first positioning hole arranged on the rotating frame, and a second positioning hole communicated with the first positioning hole when the composite rack bar is at a first angle and a third positioning hole communicated with the first positioning hole when the composite rack bar is at a second angle are arranged on the main shaft.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:

the multi-purpose threshing cylinder can be switched between two states of threshing by adopting the first threshing teeth and threshing by adopting the second threshing teeth, so that the multi-purpose threshing cylinder is suitable for threshing different crops, when the multi-purpose threshing cylinder is applied to a threshing device and a harvester, the threshing device and the harvester can have the functions of processing various crops, the machine cost can be reduced, and the problems of low mechanization degree and high harvesting difficulty of corn harvesting in southern regions can be solved. The multifunctional threshing cylinder also has the advantages of simple and compact structure, low cost, easy manufacture and assembly, good threshing effect and simple and flexible adjustment.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic perspective view of a multi-purpose threshing cylinder during threshing by using first threshing teeth.

Fig. 2 is a schematic side view of the multi-purpose threshing cylinder when the first threshing teeth are used for threshing.

Fig. 3 is a schematic perspective view of the multi-purpose threshing cylinder when the second threshing teeth are used for threshing.

Fig. 4 is a schematic side view of the multi-purpose threshing cylinder when threshing with the second threshing teeth.

Illustration of the drawings:

1. a main shaft; 2. a support; 21. a vertical rod; 3. a composite rack bar; 31. a first threshing tooth; 32. a second threshing tooth; 4. a rotating frame; 41. a drive rod; 5. a swing rod; 51. a strip-shaped groove; 6. a handwheel.

Detailed Description

The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the figures and specific examples.

As shown in fig. 1 to 4, the multi-purpose threshing cylinder of the present embodiment includes a main shaft 1 and a plurality of supports 2 mounted on the main shaft 1, the plurality of supports 2 are arranged at intervals around the main shaft 1, each support 2 is provided with a composite toothed bar 3, the composite toothed bar 3 is provided with a plurality of first threshing teeth 31 and a plurality of second threshing teeth 32, the composite toothed bar 3 is rotatably mounted on the supports 2 and can rotate between a first angle and a second angle, the first threshing teeth 31 are higher than the second threshing teeth 32 in the radial direction of the main shaft 1 when the composite toothed bar 3 is at the first angle, the second threshing teeth 32 are higher than the first threshing teeth 31 in the radial direction of the main shaft 1 when the composite toothed bar 3 is at the second angle, and the multi-purpose threshing cylinder further includes a rotation driving assembly for driving each composite toothed bar 3 to rotate. The first threshing teeth 31 are higher than the second threshing teeth 32 in the radial direction of the main shaft 1, namely the maximum radial distance from the first threshing teeth 31 to the main shaft 1 is larger than the maximum radial distance from the second threshing teeth 32 to the main shaft 1, only the first threshing teeth 31 have a threshing function at the moment, and the multi-purpose threshing cylinder is in a state of threshing by adopting the first threshing teeth 31; the second threshing teeth 32 are higher than the first threshing teeth 31 in the radial direction of the main shaft 1, namely the maximum radial distance from the second threshing teeth 32 to the main shaft 1 is larger than the maximum radial distance from the first threshing teeth 31 to the main shaft 1, only the second threshing teeth 32 have a threshing function at the moment, and the multi-purpose threshing cylinder is in a state of adopting the second threshing teeth 32 to perform threshing. This multi-purpose threshing cylinder can thresh and adopt second threshing teeth 32 to thresh and switch between two kinds of states adopting first threshing teeth 31 to be applicable to the thresh of different crops, makes thresher and harvester can have the function of handling multiple crops concurrently when being applied to among thresher and the harvester, can reduce the cost of using the machine, still can solve southern area maize results mechanization degree and hang down, the problem that the results degree of difficulty is big. The multifunctional threshing cylinder also has the advantages of simple and compact structure, low cost, easy manufacture and assembly, good threshing effect and simple and flexible adjustment.

In this embodiment, the first threshing teeth 31 are arranged in a row along the axial direction of the main shaft 1, the second threshing teeth 32 are arranged in a row along the axial direction of the main shaft 1, and the extending direction of the first threshing teeth 31 and the extending direction of the second threshing teeth 32 on the same composite toothed bar 3 are perpendicular to each other. That is, when the first threshing teeth 31 are arranged along the radial direction of the main shaft 1, the second threshing teeth 32 are perpendicular to the radial direction of the main shaft 1, and at the moment, the second threshing teeth 32 do not interfere with the first threshing teeth 31 to thresh; when the second threshing teeth 32 are arranged to extend along the radial direction of the main shaft 1, the first threshing teeth 31 are perpendicular to the radial direction of the main shaft 1, and the first threshing teeth 31 do not interfere with the second threshing teeth 32 to thresh. The structure and the arrangement mode enable the composite toothed bar 3 to complete the switching between two states only by reciprocating rotation within the range of ninety degrees, and under the condition that the non-working threshing teeth can not interfere with normal threshing under each state, the structure is beneficial to reducing the control difficulty, improving the structure compactness and simplifying the structure of the control rotation driving assembly.

In the present embodiment, the first threshing teeth 31 are arranged to extend radially outward along the main shaft 1 when the composite rack 3 is at the first angle, and the second threshing teeth 32 are arranged to extend radially outward along the main shaft 1 when the composite rack 3 is at the second angle. Ensuring the threshing effect in each state and ensuring that the non-working threshing teeth do not interfere with normal threshing.

In this embodiment, the first threshing teeth 31 are rasp teeth for threshing corn. The second threshing teeth 32 are spike teeth for threshing rice. In other embodiments, the first threshing teeth 31 and the second threshing teeth 32 can also take other forms of threshing teeth depending on the crop.

In this embodiment, the support 2 includes two montants 21, and two montants 21 fixed connection are on main shaft 1 and at 1 axial direction of main shaft upward interval arrangement, and the both ends of compound ratch 3 correspond respectively and rotate with two montants 21 and be connected. The mounting structure and the mounting mode can improve the structural compactness and make the manufacture, the assembly and the maintenance simple and convenient.

In this embodiment, the rotation driving assembly includes a rotating frame 4, the rotating frame 4 is rotatably installed on the main shaft 1 by using the main shaft 1 as a rotating shaft, each composite rack 3 is connected with a swing rod 5 which rotates synchronously with the composite rack 3, a strip-shaped groove 51 is formed in the swing rod 5, a driving rod 41 is arranged on the rotating frame 4 corresponding to each swing rod 5, the driving rod 41 is inserted into the strip-shaped groove 51 and forces the swing rod 5 to drive the composite rack 3 to rotate between a first angle and a second angle when the rotating frame 4 rotates in a reciprocating manner, and the rotation driving assembly further includes a rotation driving mechanism for driving the rotating frame 4 to rotate. When the rotary driving mechanism drives the rotating frame 4 to rotate in a reciprocating manner, the driving rod 41 rotates along with the rotating frame 4, the driving rod 41 is limited by the strip-shaped groove 51 to force the oscillating rod 5 to swing in a reciprocating manner, and then the composite toothed bar 3 rotates in a reciprocating manner, so that conversion between a first angle and a second angle is realized. The rotation driving component can drive all the composite toothed bars 3 to synchronously act, is simple and convenient to operate and control, and has the advantages of simple and compact structure, low cost and stable and reliable work.

In this embodiment, the rotation driving mechanism is a hand wheel 6 connected to the rotating frame 4. In other embodiments, the rotary driving mechanism may also take other forms, such as a sliding driving mechanism that is an electric or hydraulic motor or a start motor connected to the turret 4, or other driving member or driving mechanism capable of driving the turret 4 to rotate.

In this embodiment, the multi-purpose threshing cylinder preferably further includes a rotation-stopping positioning mechanism for preventing the rotation of the composite toothed bar 3 when the composite toothed bar 3 is at the first angle and the second angle. The composite toothed bar 3 is positioned by the rotation stopping positioning mechanism, so that the composite toothed bar 3 is kept fixed when being positioned at a first angle or a second angle, the rotation of the composite toothed bar 3 in the threshing working process is avoided, and the stable and reliable working of the multi-purpose threshing cylinder can be ensured.

In this embodiment, the rotation stopping positioning mechanism includes a positioning pin and a first positioning hole disposed on the rotating frame 4, and the main shaft 1 is provided with a second positioning hole communicated with the first positioning hole when the composite rack bar 3 is at the first angle and a third positioning hole communicated with the first positioning hole when the composite rack bar 3 is at the second angle. When the second positioning hole is communicated with the first positioning hole, the composite toothed bar 3 can be prevented from rotating by inserting the positioning bolt into the second positioning hole and the first positioning hole, so that the composite toothed bar 3 is kept at a first angle; when the third positioning hole is communicated with the first positioning hole, the composite toothed bar 3 can be prevented from rotating by inserting the positioning bolt into the third positioning hole and the first positioning hole, so that the composite toothed bar 3 is kept at a second angle. When the angle needs to be switched, the positioning bolt is pulled out. The rotation stopping positioning mechanism is simple in structure, low in cost, easy to manufacture and convenient to control.

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments. Modifications and variations that may occur to those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention are to be considered as within the scope of the invention.

Claims

1. A multi-purpose threshing cylinder is characterized in that: comprises a main shaft (1) and a plurality of brackets (2) arranged on the main shaft (1), wherein the brackets (2) are arranged at intervals around the main shaft (1), a composite rack bar (3) is arranged on each bracket (2), the composite toothed bar (3) is provided with a plurality of first threshing teeth (31) and a plurality of second threshing teeth (32), the composite toothed bar (3) is rotatably mounted on the bracket (2) and can rotate between a first angle and a second angle, when the composite toothed bar (3) is at a first angle, the first threshing teeth (31) are higher than the second threshing teeth (32) in the radial direction of the main shaft (1), when the composite toothed bar (3) is at a second angle, the second threshing teeth (32) are higher than the first threshing teeth (31) in the radial direction of the main shaft (1), the multi-purpose threshing cylinder also comprises a rotary driving component for driving each composite toothed bar (3) to rotate.

2. The multi-purpose threshing cylinder of claim 1, wherein: the multiple first threshing teeth (31) are arranged in a row along the axial direction of the main shaft (1), the multiple second threshing teeth (32) are arranged in a row along the axial direction of the main shaft (1), and the extending direction of the first threshing teeth (31) and the extending direction of the second threshing teeth (32) on the same composite toothed bar (3) are mutually perpendicular.

3. The multi-purpose threshing cylinder of claim 2, wherein: when the composite toothed bar (3) is at a first angle, the first threshing teeth (31) radially extend outwards along the main shaft (1), and when the composite toothed bar (3) is at a second angle, the second threshing teeth (32) radially extend outwards along the main shaft (1).

4. The multi-purpose threshing cylinder of claim 1, wherein: the first threshing teeth (31) are rasp bar teeth, and the second threshing teeth (32) are spike teeth.

5. The multi-purpose threshing cylinder of claim 1, wherein: the support (2) comprises two vertical rods (21), the two vertical rods (21) are fixedly connected to the main shaft (1) and are arranged at intervals in the axial direction of the main shaft (1), and two ends of the composite toothed bar (3) are respectively connected with the two vertical rods (21) in a rotating mode.

6. The multipurpose threshing cylinder according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein: the rotation driving assembly comprises a rotating frame (4), the rotating frame (4) is installed on the main shaft (1) in a rotating mode through the main shaft (1), each composite toothed bar (3) is connected with a swing rod (5) which rotates along with the composite toothed bars (3) in a synchronous mode, a strip-shaped groove (51) is formed in the swing rod (5), a driving rod (41) is arranged on the rotating frame (4) corresponding to each swing rod (5), the driving rod (41) is inserted into the strip-shaped groove (51) and forces the swing rod (5) to drive the composite toothed bars (3) to rotate between a first angle and a second angle when the rotating frame (4) rotates in a reciprocating mode, and the rotation driving assembly further comprises a rotation driving mechanism used for driving the rotating frame (4) to rotate.

7. The multi-purpose threshing cylinder of claim 6, wherein: the rotation driving mechanism is a hand wheel (6) connected with the rotating frame (4).

8. The multi-purpose threshing cylinder of claim 6, wherein: the rotation driving mechanism is a motor or a hydraulic motor or a starting motor which is connected with the rotating frame (4).

9. The multi-purpose threshing cylinder of claim 6, wherein: the multi-purpose threshing cylinder also comprises a rotation stopping positioning mechanism for preventing the composite toothed bar (3) from rotating when the composite toothed bar (3) is at a first angle and a second angle.

10. The multi-purpose threshing cylinder of claim 9, wherein: the rotation stopping positioning mechanism comprises a positioning bolt and a first positioning hole arranged on the rotating frame (4), and a second positioning hole communicated with the first positioning hole when the composite toothed bar (3) is at a first angle and a third positioning hole communicated with the first positioning hole when the composite toothed bar (3) is at a second angle are arranged on the main shaft (1).