CN110911772A - Early warning method for thermal runaway of power lithium ion battery - Google Patents
Early warning method for thermal runaway of power lithium ion battery Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN110911772A CN110911772A CN201911217013.3A CN201911217013A CN110911772A CN 110911772 A CN110911772 A CN 110911772A CN 201911217013 A CN201911217013 A CN 201911217013A CN 110911772 A CN110911772 A CN 110911772A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- battery
- early warning
- thermal runaway
- temperature
- lithium ion
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000001965 increasing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000004200 deflagration Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000020169 heat generation Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000750 progressive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000007480 spreading Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000003892 spreading Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000012855 volatile organic compound Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 230000000977 initiatory effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000009529 body temperature measurement Methods 0.000 abstract description 18
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 abstract description 10
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 abstract description 10
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 10
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000011081 inoculation Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000001960 triggered effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000002427 irreversible effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003111 delayed effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 2
- 206010000369 Accident Diseases 0.000 description 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/48—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte
- H01M10/488—Cells or batteries combined with indicating means for external visualization of the condition, e.g. by change of colour or of light density
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C3/00—Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places
- A62C3/16—Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places in electrical installations, e.g. cableways
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/48—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/48—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte
- H01M10/486—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte for measuring temperature
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/61—Types of temperature control
- H01M10/613—Cooling or keeping cold
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/62—Heating or cooling; Temperature control specially adapted for specific applications
- H01M10/625—Vehicles
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/63—Control systems
- H01M10/633—Control systems characterised by algorithms, flow charts, software details or the like
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/63—Control systems
- H01M10/635—Control systems based on ambient temperature
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/63—Control systems
- H01M10/637—Control systems characterised by the use of reversible temperature-sensitive devices, e.g. NTC, PTC or bimetal devices; characterised by control of the internal current flowing through the cells, e.g. by switching
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M2200/00—Safety devices for primary or secondary batteries
- H01M2200/10—Temperature sensitive devices
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Abstract
The invention discloses an early warning method for thermal runaway of a power lithium ion battery, which comprises three-level warning based on temperature, smoke and characteristic gas detection. The primary early warning is based on a temperature measurement signal of a battery management system of the vehicle-mounted battery pack, and the primary early warning responds when an abnormal temperature rise condition occurs at a battery tab; the secondary early warning is coupled with a temperature measurement signal of the vehicle-mounted battery management system, a characteristic gas and a real-time monitoring signal of the smoke sensor, and the secondary early warning responds when a safety valve is opened due to internal gas production of the battery; the third-level early warning is based on smoke sensors and environmental temperature signals, battery thermal runaway occurs in the battery pack, and response is carried out after the environment is obviously heated due to naked fire. The three-stage early warning signal is judged based on different sensor signal coupling. The method is used for carrying out danger classification on the process of thermal runaway of the battery through the surface temperature of the battery and the change rule of the characteristic parameters of gas smoke in the inoculation process of the thermal runaway of the vehicle-mounted power lithium ion battery, and early warning is carried out in advance so as to prevent the occurrence of automobile fire caused by the thermal runaway of the battery.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of safety, relates to safety protection of a new energy automobile power battery, and particularly relates to an early warning method capable of realizing three-level early warning on thermal runaway of a lithium power battery.
Background
With the gradual scarcity of traditional energy, the demand of various social circles on new energy industries is increasing, and the new energy industries are rapidly developed in recent years under the strong support of national relevant policies. Among them, lithium ion batteries have been vigorously developed due to their advantages of high specific energy, high cycle ratio, environmental friendliness, and the like. At present, the reserves of lithium ion batteries and electric vehicles in China all show a trend of increasing year by year, and are predicted to be the post industry of new energy industries in a future period of time. However, due to the particularity of the nature of the lithium ion battery, under extreme abuse conditions, irreversible chemical reactions may occur inside the lithium ion battery, and a large amount of combustible toxic smoke is generated, thereby causing dangerous conditions such as combustion and explosion. Under the background that fire accidents of new energy electric vehicles occur frequently, the importance degree of the safety performance of the new energy electric vehicles in various communities is higher and higher, and in the national standard 'safety requirement for electric vehicles', when a plaintext requires that the electric vehicles have a thermal runaway safety accident, an obvious signal (for example, an acoustic-optical signal) device is used for prompting drivers, so that the research on a thermal runaway early warning method for vehicle-mounted lithium ion power batteries is necessary and urgent.
At present, most of monitoring and early warning adopted by lithium-series power battery electric automobiles are simple in form, single in mode and large in limitation. The BMS alone monitoring and pre-warning has the following obvious disadvantages: (1) the monitoring acquisition signal is simple current, voltage monitoring and battery utmost point ear department copper bar temperature monitoring, and the acquisition signal is small in quantity, therefore the early warning mode is single, can't ensure high accuracy in advance. (2) The existing battery early warning monitoring technology aims at the battery fire phenomenon after the battery is completely out of control due to thermal runaway, early warning before the battery is completely out of control due to thermal runaway cannot be realized, early warning response is lagged, and escape time reserved for drivers and passengers is short.
The invention provides a multi-parameter coupling three-stage early warning method with higher accuracy and low report missing probability aiming at the characteristic of thermal runaway of a lithium-series power vehicle-mounted battery, and can realize the sending of multi-stage early warning signals before 10min of thermal runaway of the battery, reserve sufficient reaction escape time for drivers and passengers and improve the use safety of a lithium-series power battery vehicle.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an early warning method for thermal runaway of a power lithium ion battery, which monitors the working state of a vehicle-mounted power battery in real time, monitors subsequent dangerous conditions in the early stage of the occurrence of the thermal runaway of the battery, sends out corresponding acousto-optic early warning signals to represent different dangerous states of the battery, conveniently starts subsequent control actions and reserves enough safe evacuation time for drivers and passengers.
In order to solve the above problems and achieve the above objects, the present invention adopts the technical scheme of: the early warning method comprises three levels of early warning, namely, a first level early warning when the temperature of the battery is abnormally increased, a second level early warning when a safety valve of the battery is opened, and a third level early warning when a fire disaster of the battery occurs.
Further, the primary early warning responds when the surface of the battery is abnormally heated, and the primary early warning has the functions of reducing the power of a battery pack through a vehicle-mounted Battery Management System (BMS) when the surface of the battery is abnormally heated but the normal work of the battery is not influenced, limiting the current or stopping a cooling measure, preventing or slowing down the abnormal heat generation in the battery, and preventing the battery which is abnormally heated from further heating and developing to a more dangerous state. The hardware equipment related to the primary early warning comprises a vehicle-mounted battery pack BMS and a control unit.
Furthermore, the secondary early warning responds when the battery safety valve is opened due to gas generation inside the battery, the secondary early warning is used for timely finding that the battery safety valve is opened due to the gas generation inside the battery, corresponding measures are linked to prevent the combustible smoke released by the battery from generating a deflagration phenomenon, damage the structure of the battery pack and cause other dangerous situations to occur to the battery, further chemical reactions occurring inside the battery with problems are delayed, and complete thermal runaway is prevented or delayed.
Further, the third-level early warning is that the battery completely loses control in a thermal way, and the battery responds when a fire disaster occurs, the third-level early warning has the effects that the battery completely loses control in a thermal way, and dangerous conditions such as naked fire occur, and the condition that the environmental temperature in the battery pack obviously rises is timely found, and a large amount of fire extinguishing agents are released by linkage corresponding measures, so that the fire condition in the battery pack is controlled, the propagation of the thermal loss control between adjacent batteries is inhibited, the fire of a single battery pack is prevented from spreading to be the complete fire disaster in the whole vehicle range, and hardware equipment related to the third-level early warning comprises a smoke sensor, an environmental temperature sensor and.
Furthermore, temperature signals used by the primary early warning and the secondary early warning in the method are temperatures at battery tabs measured by the vehicle-mounted battery pack BMS, the temperatures can better reflect the battery surface temperature change condition before the battery is out of control due to heat, the temperature changes are easy to collect, and the battery temperatures monitored by the vehicle-mounted BMS which are mainstream in the current market are the temperatures at the points.
Furthermore, the method jointly sends out three-stage early warning signals respectively representing the dangerous states of the batteries with different degrees, different control measures can be linked, but the three-stage signals are not in subordinate or progressive relation logically, namely the three-stage signals are all in a real-time monitoring early warning state, and the corresponding early warning signals can be sent out when the requirements of any one stage of signals are met.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
(1) the invention adopts the coupling of a plurality of sensors such as a temperature sensor, a gas sensor, a smoke sensor and the like to judge the thermal runaway process of the battery, can better monitor the characteristic parameter change condition of the whole thermal runaway process of the battery, judges the working state of the battery through the coupling of multiple signals, objectively improves the accuracy of safety early warning, and reduces the probability of missing report and false report.
(2) The early warning strategy provided by the invention is coupled with the BMS temperature measurement, so that the application range of temperature early warning is improved while the structural complexity of the early warning strategy is reduced, and the early warning method has higher engineering practical value.
(3) The invention can realize real-time monitoring of the environmental temperature change in the battery box by adding the environmental temperature sensor besides the BMS temperature measuring means, and can be used as a supplementary means for temperature monitoring to support the normal work of a three-level early warning strategy when the vehicle-mounted BMS system is powered off or has a fault, thereby enhancing the application range and the anti-interference performance of the early warning strategy.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a temperature measurement point distribution diagram of a BMS temperature measurement system in a vehicle-mounted lithium ion power battery box.
FIG. 2 is a logic diagram of an algorithm of an early warning method for thermal runaway of a power lithium ion battery according to the invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described with reference to the following figures and detailed description.
An early warning method for thermal runaway of a power lithium ion battery. The early warning method comprises three levels of early warning signals, namely, first level early warning: responding when the temperature at the lug of the lithium ion battery abnormally rises, and corresponding to the abnormal temperature rise condition inside the battery; secondary early warning: when the battery safety valve is opened, the response is carried out, and the corresponding irreversible chemical reaction occurs in the battery, so that the subsequent complete thermal runaway is caused at a greater risk; and (3) third-level early warning: the response is carried out after the battery is completely thermally out of control, and the corresponding battery is completely thermally out of control, so that the occurrence of battery fire is triggered or triggered at risk, and the system is very dangerous.
The first-level early warning responds when the temperature at the lug of the lithium ion battery rises abnormally, the monitoring data is derived from a BMS temperature measuring system, the measuring point is arranged near the lug of the battery in the battery box, the temperature at the point can better reflect the change condition of the surface temperature of the battery, and the corresponding data can be monitored correspondingly in the very early stage of the thermal runaway development of the battery. When the battery is just started to have abnormal temperature rise, the battery may only have slight overcharge and overdischarge or have some reversible heat generation reaction inside, and if the battery can be found in time, the battery can possibly recover to a normal state by performing power failure or current limiting and power limiting operations on the battery in question through the BMS system, and the subsequent thermal runaway problem cannot occur. The primary early warning function is realized by relying on a BMS temperature measuring system and an early warning module control center.
The temperature measurement of the BMS temperature measurement system adopts contact temperature measurement, the temperature measurement point is the temperature near the battery tab in the battery box, and the arrangement condition of the temperature measurement point is shown in figure 1.
The temperature measurement data that the BMS system obtained will be transmitted to the data control center of early warning module through CAN bus communication in real time, and control center chooses the singlechip for use, and its function is for accepting each sensor monitoring signal and carrying out the early warning judgement to it, outputs tertiary early warning signal and CAN be through CAN bus and BMS system and on-vehicle central console real time communication.
The secondary early warning responds when the battery safety valve is opened, monitoring data come from a CO gas sensor, a VOC gas sensor and a smoke sensor in a BMS temperature measuring system and a monitoring module, in order to increase the accuracy of the secondary early warning and reduce the missing report rate, the secondary early warning adopts multiple parameter coupling to judge early warning signals, and the specific coupling relation of the sensor signals is shown in table 1. The realization of the second-level early warning depends on a BMS temperature measuring system, a CO gas sensor, a VOC gas sensor, a smoke sensor and an early warning module control center.
The BMS temperature measuring system used in the secondary early warning is the same as that used in the primary early warning, but the early warning parameter threshold values are different. In order to reduce the complexity of the system, except for different sensor signal values, other divisions of all levels of early warning are realized on a software level, and the same set of early warning module control center is used for all levels of early warning.
And the secondary early warning is triggered by coupling of real-time monitoring signals of the BMS temperature measuring system, the CO gas sensor, the VOC gas sensor and the smoke sensor.
The temperature trigger signal of the BMS system in the secondary early warning comprises a temperature absolute value and a temperature rise rate signal.
The secondary early warning is to respond to the dangerous state when the safety valve of the battery is opened, the inside of the battery generates irreversible chemical reaction, a large amount of combustible smoke is generated, the danger of explosion, combustion and induction of thermal runaway propagation and fire in the battery box is realized, and the thermal runaway process of the battery is controlled by adopting corresponding fire-fighting actions.
The three-stage early warning responds when the battery is completely out of control due to thermal runaway, the surface of the battery is obviously heated, a large amount of high-temperature smoke is generated or a fire is induced to cause the environment to be obviously heated, and monitoring data come from an environment temperature probe and a smoke sensor in the early warning module. The temperature data used in the tertiary early warning are derived from the ambient temperature probe in the early warning module, and are different from the temperature measurement data sources of the BMS system used in the primary and secondary early warnings, so that the design can reduce the dependence of the early warning system on the BMS system during working, the coverage rate of temperature measurement in the battery box is increased by the two temperature measurement modes, and the possibility of missing reports is objectively reduced. The three-stage early warning function is realized by depending on a smoke sensor, an ambient temperature sensor and an early warning module control center.
The triggering of the three-stage early warning signals is judged by signal coupling of the ambient temperature sensor and the smoke sensor, namely when both signal values exceed a three-stage early warning threshold value set in software, the three-stage early warning signals are sent out.
The early warning threshold parameter setting of the smoke sensor in the third-level early warning is different from that in the second-level early warning. Because the battery is completely out of control by heat during the three-level early warning, more smoke is generated in the process of the out of control by heat compared with the prior art, the signal value of the smoke sensor is obviously increased, and the setting of the early warning parameters is increased accordingly.
The third-level early warning is that when the battery is completely out of control due to thermal runaway, the surface of the battery is obviously heated, a large amount of high-temperature smoke is generated or a fire is induced to cause response when the environment is obviously heated, and at the moment, the battery box is already in a very dangerous state, and the battery is controlled by immediately linking a fire-fighting action to extinguish the fire so as to prevent the thermal runaway from being transmitted between the battery boxes and cause the fire of the whole vehicle.
The early warning method comprises three levels of early warning signals, wherein the early warning signals have no control relation in software logic, but have a coverage relation, namely, a sensor in an early warning module and a BMS temperature measuring system are in a real-time working state, all sensor parameters are collected and early warning judgment is carried out in a control center of the early warning module, when any one level of early warning signal triggering condition is met, a corresponding early warning signal is sent out, and when the multi-level early warning signals are triggered simultaneously, a high-level early warning signal covers a low-level early warning signal, for example: when a fire disaster occurs in the battery box and the triggering conditions of the second-level early warning signal and the third-level early warning signal are met, only the third-level early warning signal is sent out. The specific algorithm logic relationship of the early warning method is shown in figure 2. Table 1 is a three-level early warning method sensor signal coupling relationship table.
TABLE 1 three-stage early warning method sensor signal coupling relation table
Examples
The early warning module is arranged inside the vehicle-mounted power battery box, the real-time working state of each battery cell in the battery box CAN be monitored at the first time, the CAN bus communication is used for real-time communication with the control center of the early warning module and the vehicle central console, the response is fast when a problem occurs, the early warning signal is sent out, and the follow-up control measures are linked.
When the BMS temperature measurement system monitors that any temperature measurement point in the battery box exceeds a primary early warning temperature threshold value, namely 65 ℃, the abnormal temperature rise of the surface temperature of the battery is judged at the moment, and a primary early warning signal is triggered. The primary early warning signal is not automatically linked with a control measure, the primary early warning signal is transmitted to the background management system only through the CAN communication channel and the acousto-optic warning device, and the background control BMS system is used for carrying out power-off or current-limiting and power-limiting operations on the problem battery so as to block the heat production reaction in the problem battery.
When the BMS temperature measurement system monitors that any temperature measurement point in the battery box exceeds a secondary early warning temperature threshold value or signals of the three gas sensors exceed a set secondary early warning threshold value, it is judged that a battery safety valve exists in the battery box and is opened at the moment, combustible smoke begins to be released, and a secondary early warning signal is triggered. The secondary early warning signal can automatically control the primary response of the fire extinguishing measure in a linkage manner, block or slow down the process of thermal runaway of the problem battery cell through the release of the fire extinguishing agent, and inhibit the deflagration condition of combustible smoke in the battery box.
When the signal of the environmental temperature sensor in the early warning module exceeds the three-level early warning temperature threshold value and the signal of the smoke sensor exceeds the three-level early warning threshold value, the situation that the battery in the battery box is out of control due to thermal runaway is judged, the environment in the battery box is obviously heated, a large amount of combustible smoke is released, and the three-level early warning signal is triggered at the moment. The three-level early warning signal can automatically control the second-level response of the fire extinguishing measures in a linkage manner, and a large amount of fire extinguishing agent is sprayed to block the further development of fire in the battery boxes, so that the thermal runaway propagation among the battery boxes is prevented, and the occurrence of the fire of the whole vehicle is prevented.
The early warning method has the significance of setting three-level early warning in that the battery safety problem can be treated by different control measures in progressive linkage, the problem battery cell in the battery box can be found as early as possible, enough safe evacuation time is reserved for drivers and passengers, and the use safety of the lithium-series power battery automobile is improved.
The present embodiments are illustrative only, and do not limit the scope of the invention, and modifications and variations that may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the principles of the invention are to be considered as within the scope of the invention.
Claims (6)
1. The early warning method for thermal runaway of the power lithium ion battery is characterized by comprising the following steps: the early warning method comprises three levels of early warning, namely, the first level early warning when the temperature of the battery is abnormally increased, the second level early warning when a safety valve of the battery is opened, and the third level early warning when a fire disaster of the battery occurs.
2. The early warning method for thermal runaway of a power lithium ion battery of claim 1, wherein: the primary early warning is responded when the surface of the battery is abnormally heated, and has the functions of reducing the power of a battery pack through a vehicle-mounted Battery Management System (BMS) when the surface of the battery is abnormally heated but the normal work of the battery is not influenced, limiting the current or stopping the temperature reduction measures, preventing or slowing down the abnormal heat generation in the battery and preventing the battery which is abnormally heated from further heating and developing to a more dangerous state; the hardware equipment related to the primary early warning comprises a vehicle-mounted battery pack BMS and a control unit.
3. The early warning method for thermal runaway of a power lithium ion battery of claim 1, wherein: the secondary early warning responds when the battery safety valve is opened due to gas generation inside the battery, the secondary early warning has the functions of timely finding that the battery safety valve is opened due to the gas generation inside the battery, linking corresponding measures to prevent the combustible smoke released by the battery from generating deflagration, destroying the structure of a battery pack and causing other dangerous situations to occur in the battery, delaying further chemical reactions occurring inside the battery in question, and preventing or delaying the occurrence of complete thermal runaway, and secondary early warning hardware equipment comprises a vehicle-mounted battery pack BMS, a CO sensor, a Volatile Organic Compound (VOC) sensor, a smoke sensor and a control unit.
4. The early warning method for thermal runaway of a power lithium ion battery of claim 1, wherein: the three-level early warning is completely out of control at the battery, the response when battery conflagration appears, the effect of three-level early warning is that completely out of control takes place at the battery, dangerous condition such as naked light appears, in time discover when initiating the interior ambient temperature of battery package and obviously rising, the corresponding measure of linkage releases a large amount of fire extinguishing agents, the condition of a fire in the battery package is controlled, restrain the propagation of thermal runaway between adjacent battery, prevent that single battery package conflagration from spreading to the complete conflagration of whole car scope, the hardware equipment that three-level early warning relates to includes smoke transducer, ambient temperature sensor, the control unit.
5. The early warning method for thermal runaway of a power lithium ion battery of claim 1, wherein: the temperature signals used by the primary early warning and the secondary early warning are the temperatures of the battery tabs measured by the vehicle-mounted battery pack BMS, the temperatures can better reflect the change situation of the surface temperature of the battery before the thermal runaway of the battery, the collection is easy, and the battery temperatures monitored by the mainstream vehicle-mounted BMS in the current market are the temperatures of the battery at the points.
6. The early warning method for thermal runaway of a power lithium ion battery of claim 1, wherein: the method sends out three-stage early warning signals together, represents the dangerous states of the batteries with different degrees respectively, can link different control measures, but the three-stage signals are not in a subordinate or progressive relation logically, namely the three-stage signals are in a real-time monitoring early warning state, and can send out corresponding early warning signals when the requirements of any one stage of signals are met.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201911217013.3A CN110911772A (en) | 2019-12-03 | 2019-12-03 | Early warning method for thermal runaway of power lithium ion battery |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201911217013.3A CN110911772A (en) | 2019-12-03 | 2019-12-03 | Early warning method for thermal runaway of power lithium ion battery |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN110911772A true CN110911772A (en) | 2020-03-24 |
Family
ID=69821424
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201911217013.3A Pending CN110911772A (en) | 2019-12-03 | 2019-12-03 | Early warning method for thermal runaway of power lithium ion battery |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN110911772A (en) |
Cited By (28)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111497743A (en) * | 2020-04-29 | 2020-08-07 | 江西凯马百路佳客车有限公司 | New energy automobile fire early warning control strategy |
| CN111525206A (en) * | 2020-04-29 | 2020-08-11 | 中国电力科学研究院有限公司 | Early warning method and early warning device for battery module |
| CN111817402A (en) * | 2020-07-28 | 2020-10-23 | 深圳市福光动力通信设备有限公司 | Method and device for thermal runaway safety management of full-state battery |
| CN112309069A (en) * | 2020-10-19 | 2021-02-02 | 格林美（武汉）新能源汽车服务有限公司 | Fire early warning method, device and system for lithium battery pack and storage medium |
| CN112530129A (en) * | 2020-11-16 | 2021-03-19 | 浙江华消科技有限公司 | Remaining fire detection system, method and storage medium |
| CN112550076A (en) * | 2020-12-03 | 2021-03-26 | 上汽大众汽车有限公司 | Thermal runaway prevention and control equipment for battery pack air duct |
| CN112670604A (en) * | 2020-12-22 | 2021-04-16 | 阳光电源股份有限公司 | Energy storage battery protection method and application device |
| CN112895976A (en) * | 2021-02-01 | 2021-06-04 | 重庆峘能电动车科技有限公司 | Battery cell early warning protection method and system |
| CN113230560A (en) * | 2021-06-03 | 2021-08-10 | 安徽中科久安新能源有限公司 | Fire extinguishing and explosion preventing method for lithium ion electrochemical energy storage system |
| CN113332640A (en) * | 2021-06-03 | 2021-09-03 | 安徽中科久安新能源有限公司 | Fire suppression program-controlled injection strategy for electrochemical energy storage system |
| CN113386568A (en) * | 2021-04-30 | 2021-09-14 | 芜湖安行汽车科技有限公司 | Vehicle explosion-proof battery scheme and system |
| CN113540588A (en) * | 2021-07-12 | 2021-10-22 | 力高(山东)新能源技术有限公司 | Method for predicting thermal runaway of battery cell based on equalizing circuit |
| CN113593194A (en) * | 2021-07-23 | 2021-11-02 | 东北大学 | Early warning method and early warning fire-fighting system for thermal runaway of energy storage lithium ion battery |
| CN113725501A (en) * | 2020-05-25 | 2021-11-30 | 大众汽车股份公司 | Battery system with early identification system and method for early identification |
| WO2021238706A1 (en) * | 2020-05-29 | 2021-12-02 | 比亚迪股份有限公司 | Battery thermal runaway early warning method and apparatus, and medium and device |
| CN114191767A (en) * | 2020-09-02 | 2022-03-18 | 郑州宇通客车股份有限公司 | Multi-information fusion vehicle battery box fire early warning, prevention and control method and system |
| CN114312482A (en) * | 2020-10-10 | 2022-04-12 | 宝能汽车集团有限公司 | Electric vehicle and thermal failure monitoring method and device thereof, and storage medium |
| EP4002544A1 (en) * | 2020-11-12 | 2022-05-25 | SK Innovation Co., Ltd. | Battery fire detection device and method, and energy storage system |
| CN114801873A (en) * | 2022-04-13 | 2022-07-29 | 国网智慧能源交通技术创新中心(苏州)有限公司 | Early warning method and system for thermal runaway of battery |
| CN115025421A (en) * | 2022-06-20 | 2022-09-09 | 徐工集团工程机械股份有限公司科技分公司 | Automatic fire extinguishing system and electric drive loader |
| CN115120907A (en) * | 2021-03-24 | 2022-09-30 | 郑州宇通客车股份有限公司 | Fire extinguishing system for non-pressure storage battery box and battery system |
| CN115228029A (en) * | 2022-06-15 | 2022-10-25 | 中国科学技术大学 | Multi-stage early warning and fire extinguishing method for lithium ion battery cabinet fire |
| CN115932606A (en) * | 2022-12-02 | 2023-04-07 | 中国民航大学 | Lithium ion battery thermal runaway grading early warning system based on gas monitoring |
| US11682812B2 (en) | 2021-03-31 | 2023-06-20 | Enovix Corporation | Electrode assemblies including current limiters and methods of assembling such electrode assemblies |
| CN116345013A (en) * | 2023-05-30 | 2023-06-27 | 苏州精控能源科技有限公司 | Vehicle-mounted battery system with temperature control and early thermal runaway inhibition functions |
| CN117110901A (en) * | 2023-08-25 | 2023-11-24 | 上海邦盟成套电气有限公司 | New energy test vehicle-mounted lithium battery monitoring system and method |
| CN117117367A (en) * | 2023-10-23 | 2023-11-24 | 广州瑞港消防设备有限公司 | Lithium battery fire composite detector and application method thereof |
| CN117630719A (en) * | 2024-01-23 | 2024-03-01 | 中国华能集团清洁能源技术研究院有限公司 | Thermal runaway risk alert systems, methods, devices, and media |
Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5814473A (en) * | 1981-07-17 | 1983-01-27 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | Charging of sealed lead storage battery |
| JP2001166017A (en) * | 1999-12-07 | 2001-06-22 | Clarion Co Ltd | Power supply voltage monitoring system of on-vehicle battery |
| CN105904992A (en) * | 2016-06-07 | 2016-08-31 | 烟台创为新能源科技有限公司 | Electric vehicle battery monitoring and management system and monitoring method of batteries |
| CN106983970A (en) * | 2017-02-16 | 2017-07-28 | 中汽客汽车零部件（厦门）有限公司 | A kind of fire early warning and fire control unit and method |
| CN109786868A (en) * | 2018-12-13 | 2019-05-21 | 北京理工大学 | A kind of processing method, system and the device of electric ship battery system thermal runaway |
| CN109786872A (en) * | 2019-03-18 | 2019-05-21 | 北京航空航天大学 | A kind of lithium ion battery thermal runaway early warning system and method |
-
2019
- 2019-12-03 CN CN201911217013.3A patent/CN110911772A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5814473A (en) * | 1981-07-17 | 1983-01-27 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | Charging of sealed lead storage battery |
| JP2001166017A (en) * | 1999-12-07 | 2001-06-22 | Clarion Co Ltd | Power supply voltage monitoring system of on-vehicle battery |
| CN105904992A (en) * | 2016-06-07 | 2016-08-31 | 烟台创为新能源科技有限公司 | Electric vehicle battery monitoring and management system and monitoring method of batteries |
| CN106983970A (en) * | 2017-02-16 | 2017-07-28 | 中汽客汽车零部件（厦门）有限公司 | A kind of fire early warning and fire control unit and method |
| CN109786868A (en) * | 2018-12-13 | 2019-05-21 | 北京理工大学 | A kind of processing method, system and the device of electric ship battery system thermal runaway |
| CN109786872A (en) * | 2019-03-18 | 2019-05-21 | 北京航空航天大学 | A kind of lithium ion battery thermal runaway early warning system and method |
Cited By (32)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111497743A (en) * | 2020-04-29 | 2020-08-07 | 江西凯马百路佳客车有限公司 | New energy automobile fire early warning control strategy |
| CN111525206A (en) * | 2020-04-29 | 2020-08-11 | 中国电力科学研究院有限公司 | Early warning method and early warning device for battery module |
| CN113725501A (en) * | 2020-05-25 | 2021-11-30 | 大众汽车股份公司 | Battery system with early identification system and method for early identification |
| WO2021238706A1 (en) * | 2020-05-29 | 2021-12-02 | 比亚迪股份有限公司 | Battery thermal runaway early warning method and apparatus, and medium and device |
| CN111817402A (en) * | 2020-07-28 | 2020-10-23 | 深圳市福光动力通信设备有限公司 | Method and device for thermal runaway safety management of full-state battery |
| CN114191767A (en) * | 2020-09-02 | 2022-03-18 | 郑州宇通客车股份有限公司 | Multi-information fusion vehicle battery box fire early warning, prevention and control method and system |
| CN114312482A (en) * | 2020-10-10 | 2022-04-12 | 宝能汽车集团有限公司 | Electric vehicle and thermal failure monitoring method and device thereof, and storage medium |
| CN112309069A (en) * | 2020-10-19 | 2021-02-02 | 格林美（武汉）新能源汽车服务有限公司 | Fire early warning method, device and system for lithium battery pack and storage medium |
| EP4002544A1 (en) * | 2020-11-12 | 2022-05-25 | SK Innovation Co., Ltd. | Battery fire detection device and method, and energy storage system |
| US11923517B2 (en) | 2020-11-12 | 2024-03-05 | Sk On Co., Ltd. | Battery fire detection device and method, and energy storage system |
| CN112530129A (en) * | 2020-11-16 | 2021-03-19 | 浙江华消科技有限公司 | Remaining fire detection system, method and storage medium |
| CN112550076A (en) * | 2020-12-03 | 2021-03-26 | 上汽大众汽车有限公司 | Thermal runaway prevention and control equipment for battery pack air duct |
| CN112670604A (en) * | 2020-12-22 | 2021-04-16 | 阳光电源股份有限公司 | Energy storage battery protection method and application device |
| CN112895976B (en) * | 2021-02-01 | 2022-06-24 | 重庆峘能电动车科技有限公司 | Battery cell early warning protection method and system |
| CN112895976A (en) * | 2021-02-01 | 2021-06-04 | 重庆峘能电动车科技有限公司 | Battery cell early warning protection method and system |
| CN115120907A (en) * | 2021-03-24 | 2022-09-30 | 郑州宇通客车股份有限公司 | Fire extinguishing system for non-pressure storage battery box and battery system |
| US11682812B2 (en) | 2021-03-31 | 2023-06-20 | Enovix Corporation | Electrode assemblies including current limiters and methods of assembling such electrode assemblies |
| CN113386568A (en) * | 2021-04-30 | 2021-09-14 | 芜湖安行汽车科技有限公司 | Vehicle explosion-proof battery scheme and system |
| CN113230560A (en) * | 2021-06-03 | 2021-08-10 | 安徽中科久安新能源有限公司 | Fire extinguishing and explosion preventing method for lithium ion electrochemical energy storage system |
| CN113332640A (en) * | 2021-06-03 | 2021-09-03 | 安徽中科久安新能源有限公司 | Fire suppression program-controlled injection strategy for electrochemical energy storage system |
| CN113540588A (en) * | 2021-07-12 | 2021-10-22 | 力高(山东)新能源技术有限公司 | Method for predicting thermal runaway of battery cell based on equalizing circuit |
| CN113593194A (en) * | 2021-07-23 | 2021-11-02 | 东北大学 | Early warning method and early warning fire-fighting system for thermal runaway of energy storage lithium ion battery |
| CN114801873A (en) * | 2022-04-13 | 2022-07-29 | 国网智慧能源交通技术创新中心(苏州)有限公司 | Early warning method and system for thermal runaway of battery |
| CN115228029A (en) * | 2022-06-15 | 2022-10-25 | 中国科学技术大学 | Multi-stage early warning and fire extinguishing method for lithium ion battery cabinet fire |
| CN115025421A (en) * | 2022-06-20 | 2022-09-09 | 徐工集团工程机械股份有限公司科技分公司 | Automatic fire extinguishing system and electric drive loader |
| CN115932606A (en) * | 2022-12-02 | 2023-04-07 | 中国民航大学 | Lithium ion battery thermal runaway grading early warning system based on gas monitoring |
| CN116345013A (en) * | 2023-05-30 | 2023-06-27 | 苏州精控能源科技有限公司 | Vehicle-mounted battery system with temperature control and early thermal runaway inhibition functions |
| CN117110901A (en) * | 2023-08-25 | 2023-11-24 | 上海邦盟成套电气有限公司 | New energy test vehicle-mounted lithium battery monitoring system and method |
| CN117110901B (en) * | 2023-08-25 | 2024-02-23 | 上海邦盟成套电气有限公司 | New energy test vehicle-mounted lithium battery monitoring system and method |
| CN117117367A (en) * | 2023-10-23 | 2023-11-24 | 广州瑞港消防设备有限公司 | Lithium battery fire composite detector and application method thereof |
| CN117117367B (en) * | 2023-10-23 | 2023-12-22 | 广州瑞港消防设备有限公司 | Lithium battery fire composite detector and application method thereof |
| CN117630719A (en) * | 2024-01-23 | 2024-03-01 | 中国华能集团清洁能源技术研究院有限公司 | Thermal runaway risk alert systems, methods, devices, and media |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN110911772A (en) | Early warning method for thermal runaway of power lithium ion battery | |
| CN109786872B (en) | Lithium ion battery thermal runaway early warning system and method | |
| CN107611513B (en) | Method for monitoring thermal runaway of lithium ion battery of electric automobile | |
| CN108248389B (en) | Safety prevention and control method and system for power battery pack for electric vehicle and computer readable storage medium | |
| US20200313245A1 (en) | Power battery pack safety prevention and control system for electric vehicle and control method | |
| CN106597299B (en) | A kind of lithium battery thermal runaway early warning and autocontrol method | |
| CN107757399A (en) | A kind of battery management system with safety management | |
| CN111060821A (en) | Battery management system and method with early warning function of lithium battery fault | |
| CN106505268B (en) | New energy automobile power battery safety coefficient | |
| CN111494840B (en) | Fire early warning and fire extinguishing method for power battery charging cabinet | |
| CN110696624B (en) | Safety monitoring and early warning method, device, equipment and medium based on battery energy storage | |
| CN102496747A (en) | Thermal management device for power batteries and thermal management method for power batteries | |
| CN106581896A (en) | New energy power battery box fire extinguishing system and fire extinguishing method thereof | |
| CN112604204A (en) | Lithium ion battery energy storage power station fire prevention and control system and method | |
| CN113991200B (en) | Monitoring method and monitoring device for secondary battery, secondary battery and vehicle | |
| CN102842738B (en) | Lithium ion battery flame-retardant and explosion-proof device and method for electric automobile | |
| CN111326807A (en) | Electric automobile lithium cell box monitoring devices | |
| CN106240374A (en) | The safety management system of a kind of new-energy automobile and method | |
| CN111467716A (en) | Fire extinguishing system using power battery liquid cooling device | |
| CN110739495A (en) | Thermal runaway monitoring device, system and method for energy storage battery modules | |
| Guirong et al. | Research of the electric vehicle safety | |
| CN114995208A (en) | Energy storage safety system and control method thereof | |
| CN106345085A (en) | New energy automobile power battery safety system | |
| CN108332860A (en) | Li-ion batteries piles thermal runaway automatic monitoring method based on infrared thermal imaging technique | |
| CN113219353A (en) | BMS-based thermal runaway control method and system |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication |
Application publication date: 20200324 |