CN110905693B - High-pressure gas supply system capable of efficiently utilizing cold energy of LNG (liquefied natural gas) fuel - Google Patents
High-pressure gas supply system capable of efficiently utilizing cold energy of LNG (liquefied natural gas) fuel Download PDFInfo
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- CN110905693B CN110905693B CN201910981304.3A CN201910981304A CN110905693B CN 110905693 B CN110905693 B CN 110905693B CN 201910981304 A CN201910981304 A CN 201910981304A CN 110905693 B CN110905693 B CN 110905693B
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M21/00—Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form
- F02M21/02—Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form for gaseous fuels
- F02M21/0203—Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form for gaseous fuels characterised by the type of gaseous fuel
- F02M21/0215—Mixtures of gaseous fuels; Natural gas; Biogas; Mine gas; Landfill gas
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02F1/00—Cylinders; Cylinder heads
- F02F1/02—Cylinders; Cylinder heads having cooling means
- F02F1/10—Cylinders; Cylinder heads having cooling means for liquid cooling
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M21/00—Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form
- F02M21/02—Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form for gaseous fuels
- F02M21/0218—Details on the gaseous fuel supply system, e.g. tanks, valves, pipes, pumps, rails, injectors or mixers
- F02M21/0221—Fuel storage reservoirs, e.g. cryogenic tanks
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M21/00—Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form
- F02M21/02—Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form for gaseous fuels
- F02M21/0218—Details on the gaseous fuel supply system, e.g. tanks, valves, pipes, pumps, rails, injectors or mixers
- F02M21/0245—High pressure fuel supply systems; Rails; Pumps; Arrangement of valves
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F25D3/00—Devices using other cold materials; Devices using cold-storage bodies
- F25D3/10—Devices using other cold materials; Devices using cold-storage bodies using liquefied gases, e.g. liquid air
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/30—Use of alternative fuels, e.g. biofuels
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Abstract
A high-pressure gas supply system for efficiently utilizing cold energy of LNG fuel comprises an LNG storage tank, a central fresh water circulating system and a high-temperature cylinder sleeve water circulating system, wherein an LNG low-pressure pump is arranged in the LNG storage tank, the LNG low-pressure pump is respectively connected with an LNG evaporator and a pressure lifting device through pipelines, and the LNG storage tank is connected with a BOG preheater through a BOG pipeline; the pressure lifting device, the main engine gas buffer tank, the gas supply valve group and the dual-fuel main engine are connected in series through a pipeline, and the pressure lifting device is connected with the water-glycol cylinder sleeve water heat exchanger through a pipeline and a valve. By the system, cold energy released by low-temperature liquid LNG and gaseous BOG in the gas supply process can be utilized by a high-temperature cylinder sleeve water circulation system and a low-temperature central fresh water circulation system of the ship, so that the cold energy in the running process of the ship is efficiently utilized, and the energy consumption is reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of ship construction and ship design, in particular to a high-pressure gas supply system for efficiently utilizing cold energy of LNG (liquefied natural gas) fuel.
Background
For LNG-fueled ships, the natural gas fuel is advantageous for storage and transportation in the presence of liquid LNG, but is supplied as a ship fuel to be used by the main and auxiliary machinery after further pressurization, vaporization, and heating. At present, the ME-GI series low-speed two-stroke dual-fuel engine provided by MAN company is matched with an LNG (liquefied natural gas) supply pressure of 250-320 bar and an intake temperature of 45 +/-10 ℃, and is called a high-pressure gas supply system. The pressure lifting device PVU newly released by MAN company highly integrates the LNG high-pressure pump and the high-pressure evaporator, and can realize direct output of high-pressure 320bar and 45 ℃ fuel gas of liquid low-temperature LNG; in addition, if a dual-fuel generator and a dual-fuel boiler are equipped in the high-pressure gas supply system, about 6-9bar of low-pressure natural gas needs to be additionally provided for the generator and the boiler. Among the high pressure gas supply system, the gasification of LNG fuel, heating then pass through the heat exchanger, are carried out the heat transfer by heat transfer medium water ethylene glycol and LNG, and water ethylene glycol then heats by boiler steam, promptly: the cold energy carried by the LNG fuel used as the high pressure feed gas is ultimately absorbed by the boiler vapors. The heat exchange method needs to consume a large amount of boiler steam, and for a large ocean-going ship equipped with an ME-GI dual-fuel host, when the load of the boiler steam is matched, at least 2 tons/hour of steam needs to be additionally provided to meet the heat exchange requirement of the whole LNG gas supply system, and about 3.5 tons/day of fuel oil or 3 tons/day of natural gas fuel needs to be consumed for generating the part of steam.
A water circulation heat exchange system is usually equipped on a ship and is generally divided into a high-temperature fresh water circulation heat exchange system and a low-temperature fresh water circulation heat exchange system. The high-temperature fresh water circulation mainly comprises a main machine high-temperature cylinder sleeve water circulation, wherein the high-temperature fresh water heated by the main machine cylinder sleeve firstly exchanges heat with the fresh water generator to meet the daily fresh water demand of the ship, and then enters the main machine cylinder sleeve to perform the next heat exchange circulation after being cooled by the low-temperature fresh water; the low-temperature fresh water circulation is mainly used for cooling main engine lubricating oil, a generator, an air cooler and the like, and the heated low-temperature fresh water exchanges heat with seawater and then completes cooling. Therefore, the water circulation heat exchange system of the conventional ship is carried out in a mode of cooling high-temperature fresh water by low-temperature fresh water and cooling low-temperature fresh water by seawater.
Liquid LNG needs to absorb a large amount of heat when evaporation gasification and further heating are carried out as marine fuel, and cold energy released by the LNG fuel can be effectively utilized by a ship water circulation heat exchange system through cold energy matching and system integration so as to reduce the steam load of a boiler and reduce the heat exchange load of the ship water circulation system. Taking suez type large-scale ocean oil ship as an example, if a dual-fuel host and a dual-fuel generator are equipped, under normal sailing working conditions, through rough calculation, LNG fuel consumed by the host and the generator releases heat of at least more than 400kW, if the cold energy is applied by other refrigeration systems of the ship, heat exchange is not performed through boiler steam, the operation cost of ship fuel consumption, power consumption and the like is greatly reduced, and the purpose of ship energy conservation is achieved.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the invention provides a high-pressure gas supply system for efficiently utilizing cold energy of LNG fuel, aiming at achieving the purpose of utilizing the cold energy released by low-temperature LNG and BOG gas in the gas supply process for a high-temperature cylinder sleeve water circulation system and a low-temperature central fresh water circulation system of a ship, and adopting the technical scheme that:
a high-pressure gas supply system for efficiently utilizing cold energy of LNG fuel comprises an LNG storage tank, a central fresh water circulating system and a high-temperature cylinder sleeve water circulating system, wherein an LNG low-pressure pump is arranged in the LNG storage tank and is respectively connected with an LNG evaporator and a pressure lifting device through pipelines, and the LNG storage tank is connected with a BOG preheater through a BOG pipeline; the pressure lifting device, the main engine gas buffer tank, the gas supply valve group and the dual-fuel main engine are connected in series through pipelines, the pressure lifting device is connected with the water-glycol cylinder sleeve water heat exchanger through the pipelines and valves to form a first circulation network, a water-glycol heat exchange medium flows through the pipeline of the first circulation network, and the water-glycol cylinder sleeve water heat exchanger is connected with the high-temperature cylinder sleeve water circulation system.
The LNG storage tank is internally stored with liquid LNG at the temperature of-163 ℃ and the liquid LNG at the temperature of-163 ℃ is pressurized to 6-9bar by an LNG low-pressure pump and pumped out, the liquid LNG is conveyed to a pressure lifting device and is pressurized to 320bar by the pressure lifting device to form natural gas at the temperature of 45 ℃, the natural gas is conveyed to a main engine gas buffer tank for buffering, and the natural gas is processed by a gas supply valve group and is supplied to an ME-GI dual-fuel main engine for use.
Liquid LNG at the temperature of 163 ℃ below zero can release a large amount of cold energy in the boosting and temperature rising process of the pressure lifting device, and the cold energy is conveyed to the water-glycol cylinder sleeve water heat exchanger through a water-glycol heat exchange medium to supply the cold energy to the high-temperature cylinder sleeve water circulation system for energy supply. The low-temperature water glycol heat exchange medium and the water flowing through the water making machine, the dual-fuel host and the water glycol high-temperature cylinder sleeve heat exchange temperature rise, the water glycol heat exchange medium after temperature rise is recycled for the pressure lifting device through the first stop valve through the first water glycol circulating pump, and a heat source required by air supply of the pressure lifting device can be obtained through the high-temperature cylinder sleeve water circulation system.
Through first circulation net, low temperature LNG steps up the cold energy of release and provides high temperature cylinder liner water circulating system through pressure hoisting device, and low temperature LNG steps up the natural gas that forms through pressure hoisting device and carries for host computer gas buffer tank. The gas buffer tank of the main machine can stabilize the gas supply pressure of the main machine and reduce the pressure fluctuation of the system.
The LNG evaporator is connected with the LNG heater through a pipeline, natural gas formed after evaporation by the LNG evaporator is transmitted to the LNG heater, and the LNG heater is connected with the auxiliary engine gas buffer tank; through the second circulation net, provide central fresh water circulation system with the cold energy of LNG evaporation release, the cold energy of LNG heating release through intraductal heat transfer medium, low temperature LNG is carried for the LNG heater through the low temperature gaseous natural gas that LNG evaporimeter evaporation formed, the cold energy of low temperature gaseous natural gas through LNG heater heating release provides central fresh water circulation system through intraductal heat transfer medium, low temperature gaseous natural gas forms high temperature natural gas through the heating of LNG heater and passes through pipeline entering auxiliary engine gas buffer tank.
The LNG low-pressure pump simultaneously pumps out-163 ℃ liquid LNG in the LNG storage tank and conveys the liquid LNG to the LNG evaporator, the LNG evaporator is connected with the water glycol low-temperature fresh water heat exchanger and the LNG heater through pipelines to form a second circulation network, and water glycol heat exchange media flow in pipelines of the second circulation network. Be provided with two-way pipeline between LNG evaporimeter and the LNG heater: one is a pipeline for conveying natural gas from the LNG evaporator to the LNG heater, and the other is a pipeline for conveying a water glycol heat exchange medium from the LNG heater to the LNG evaporator. The method comprises the steps that low-temperature-163 ℃ liquid LNG is gasified through an LNG evaporator to be natural gas at-40-0 ℃ and is conveyed to an LNG heater, released cold energy and a water glycol heat exchange medium exchange heat in the evaporation process of the LNG evaporator, the natural gas at-40-0 ℃ is heated through the LNG heater to form natural gas at 0-60 ℃, the cold energy is further released to exchange heat with the water glycol heat exchange medium, and the water glycol heat exchange medium after heat exchange is conveyed from the LNG heater to the LNG evaporator and is converged with the cold energy released by the LNG evaporator in an evaporation mode and is completely supplied to a central fresh water circulating system. The 0-60 ℃ natural gas formed by the LNG heater is conveyed to an auxiliary machine gas buffer tank for buffering, and is supplied to a dual-fuel generator and a dual-fuel boiler for use through a gas supply valve bank.
And a large amount of cold energy released in the evaporation process of the LNG evaporator and the heating process of the LNG heater is provided for the central fresh water circulating system through the second circulating network, the low-temperature water glycol heat exchange medium is conveyed to the water glycol low-temperature fresh water heat exchanger through a pipeline to exchange heat with high-temperature low-temperature fresh water in the central fresh water circulating system, and the water glycol heat exchange medium after heat exchange passes through the second water glycol circulating pump and returns to the LNG heater and the LNG evaporator for cyclic utilization. Through the water glycol heat exchange medium, heat sources required by the LNG evaporator and the LNG heater in the gas supply process can be provided by the central fresh water circulating system.
BOG gas at-140 ℃ in the LNG storage tank enters a BOG preheater through a pipeline, is heated by the BOG preheater and then is pressurized to 6-9bar by a normal-temperature BOG compressor to form natural gas at 0-60 ℃, and the natural gas enters an auxiliary machine gas buffer tank and is supplied to a dual-fuel generator and a dual-fuel boiler through a gas supply valve bank. The gas supply valve group can adjust the final gas supply pressure of the dual-fuel main engine, the generator and the boiler.
The BOG preheater is connected with the water glycol low-temperature fresh water heat exchanger through a pipeline to form a third circulation network, a water glycol heat exchange medium flows through the pipeline of the third circulation network, and the water glycol low-temperature fresh water heat exchanger is connected with the central fresh water circulation system; and through a third circulation network, BOG gas at-140 ℃ in the LNG storage tank enters the BOG preheater through a pipeline, and is heated by the BOG preheater, and the released cold energy is provided for the central fresh water circulation system through the water-ethylene glycol heat exchange medium in the pipe. The BOG preheater, the BOG compressor and the auxiliary machine gas buffer tank are sequentially connected in series, low-temperature BOG gas is heated by the BOG preheater and outputs normal-temperature BOG gas at 0-40 ℃, and the normal-temperature BOG gas enters the auxiliary machine gas buffer tank through 6-9bar natural gas formed by pressurization of the BOG compressor.
The auxiliary machine gas buffer tank is respectively connected with the dual-fuel boiler and the dual-fuel generator through a pipeline and a gas supply valve group. The auxiliary machine gas buffer tank can stabilize the outlet pressure of the BOG compressor and the LNG heater, and reduce the system pressure fluctuation.
According to the high-pressure gas supply system capable of efficiently utilizing cold energy of LNG fuel, furthermore, the high-temperature cylinder sleeve water circulation system is characterized in that a water glycol cylinder sleeve water heat exchanger, a main engine cylinder sleeve water cooler, a main engine cylinder sleeve water pump, a dual-fuel main engine and a water generator are sequentially connected in series to form a circulation network. The water glycol heat exchange medium exchanges heat with high-temperature cylinder sleeve water flowing through the water making machine and the dual-fuel main machine to heat up, the cylinder sleeve water after heat exchange enters a main machine cylinder sleeve water cooler to be further cooled, and the cylinder sleeve water cooler is pumped to the dual-fuel main machine through a main machine cylinder sleeve water pump.
According to the high-pressure gas supply system for efficiently utilizing the cold energy of the LNG fuel, furthermore, the central fresh water circulating system is characterized in that a water glycol low-temperature fresh water heat exchanger, a central fresh water pump, a central fresh water cooler, turbine equipment and a three-way temperature control valve are sequentially connected to form a circulating network, and a connecting pipeline is arranged between the three-way temperature control valve and the central fresh water pump. The main engine part comprises a dual-fuel generator, an air cooler, a main engine cylinder sleeve water cooler, a main engine lubricating oil cooler and the like; the dual-fuel generator and the air cooler are connected in parallel with the main engine cylinder sleeve water cooler and the main engine lubricating oil cooler. The low-temperature water glycol heat exchange medium exchanges heat with high-temperature low-temperature fresh water at the water glycol low-temperature fresh water heat exchanger, the cooled low-temperature fresh water is mixed with the other path of high-temperature low-temperature fresh water passing through the three-way temperature control valve, the mixed low-temperature fresh water is pumped into a central fresh water cooler through a central fresh water pump to be further cooled, and the mixed low-temperature fresh water passes through equipment such as a dual-fuel generator, a main engine lubricating oil cooler and the like to be heated, so that the high-temperature fresh water at about 53 ℃ is changed to flow back to the three-way temperature control valve. If the temperature of the water-glycol medium at the outlet of the water glycol-low temperature fresh water heat exchanger is lower than the set temperature, the three-way temperature control valve increases the flow of high-temperature low temperature fresh water entering the water glycol-low temperature fresh water heat exchanger, so that the temperature of the water glycol after heat exchange is increased to reach the set value.
Above-mentioned high-pressure gas supply system that LNG fuel cold energy high efficiency was utilized, further ground, first circulation net goes the way and is provided with the second stop valve, and first circulation net return circuit is provided with first stop valve and first water ethylene glycol circulating pump. And in the sailing process of the ship, the first stop valve and the second stop valve are opened, and when the ship arrives at a port, the first stop valve and the second stop valve are closed.
Above-mentioned high pressure gas supply system of LNG fuel cold energy high-efficient utilization, further, be provided with water ethylene glycol buffer tank between first circulation net return circuit and second circulation net, the third circulation net way of going. The water-ethylene glycol buffer tank is used for balancing volume change and pressure fluctuation of a heat exchange medium, namely, water ethylene glycol, in the circulating pipeline due to cold and hot alternation, and outgoing paths of the second circulating network and the third circulating network are converged at a later stage to form a passage; the loop of the second circulation network and the loop of the third circulation network are the same path in the early stage, and are divided into two paths in the later stage, and the two paths return to the BOG preheater and the LNG heater respectively.
Above-mentioned high pressure gas supply system of LNG fuel cold energy high-efficient utilization, further, second circulation net, third circulation net return circuit are provided with the second water ethylene glycol circulating pump. The first and second water glycol circulating pumps can provide circulating kinetic energy for the water-glycol medium in the circulating loop.
The high-pressure gas supply system capable of efficiently utilizing the cold energy of the LNG fuel further opens the first stop valve and the second stop valve when the ship sails. The first, second and third circulation nets are operated. The system provides cold energy for the high-temperature cylinder sleeve water system or the low-temperature fresh water circulating system, the high-temperature cylinder sleeve water system of the main machine provides a required heat source for the pressure lifting device, and the heat of the high-temperature cylinder sleeve water system of the main machine is fully utilized. The central fresh water system provides the required heat sources for the LNG vaporizers, LNG heaters and BOG preheaters.
According to the high-pressure gas supply system capable of efficiently utilizing cold energy of the LNG fuel, furthermore, when a ship arrives at a port, the first stop valve and the second stop valve are closed. And operating the second circulating network and the third circulating network. When the ship is in a harbor, the main engine does not work, only the auxiliary engine works, and all the required heat sources come from the central fresh water circulating system.
By the system, cold energy released by low-temperature liquid LNG and gaseous BOG in the gas supply process can be utilized by a high-temperature cylinder sleeve water circulation system and a low-temperature central fresh water circulation system of the ship, so that the cold energy in the running process of the ship is efficiently utilized, and the energy consumption is reduced.
Under the sailing working condition, the high-pressure dual-fuel main engine, the generator and the boiler are all started, and the LNG high-pressure gas supply system can utilize the cold energy of the LNG fuel to the water cooling of the main engine cylinder sleeve and the low-temperature fresh water cooling of the water glycol cylinder sleeve water heat exchanger and the water diethanol low-temperature fresh water heat exchanger.
Under the working condition that the navigation host is started, the heat source required by the air supply of the pressure lifting device is separated from the heat sources required by the air supply of the LNG evaporator, the LNG heater and the BOG preheater, the heat source required by the pressure lifting device directly comes from the high-temperature cylinder liner water of the host, and the heat of the high-temperature cylinder liner water of the host is fully utilized. The heat sources required for the LNG vaporizers, LNG heaters and BOG preheaters are from the central fresh water. The heat source acquisition schemes adopted by the device under two working conditions of navigation and port-leading are different, and the navigation part of heat sources are acquired from a high-temperature cylinder liner water system of the main engine, and the navigation part of heat sources are from a central fresh water system; the heat sources are all from a central fresh water system when the harbor is berthed. The heat source collection scheme is more flexible, and the temperature collection efficiency and the control precision are higher; meanwhile, the condition that the waste heat of the host cannot be utilized when the host in the port is stopped is considered, the air supply system can still supply air for the auxiliary machine at the moment, and the system safety and the applicability are better.
Under the working condition of port-berthing, the main engine is in a shutdown state, the dual-fuel generator and the boiler need to operate in a gas mode, and at the moment, the LNG high-pressure gas supply system can utilize the cold energy of the LNG fuel to cool the low-temperature fresh water through the water diethanol low-temperature fresh water heat exchanger.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the high-pressure gas supply system for efficiently utilizing the cold energy of the LNG fuel can flexibly realize the whole treatment of the liquid fuel and the BOG gaseous fuel in the LNG storage tank aiming at the working conditions of navigation and harbor by pressure regulation and valve switching, efficiently utilizes the BOG gas and greatly improves the safety of the LNG storage tank; the fuel gas supply with different fuel gas pressures to the ME-GI dual-fuel host machine, the conventional dual-fuel generator and the dual-fuel boiler can be realized.
2. The cold energy carried by the LNG fuel and the low-temperature BOG gas fuel is fully utilized to a high-temperature cylinder sleeve water or a low-temperature fresh water circulating system of the ship in the gas supply process, boiler steam is not used as a heat source, the steam load of a ship boiler can be greatly reduced, 3.5 tons of fuel oil or 3 tons of LNG fuel can be saved every day under the sailing working condition by taking a certain conventional large ocean vessel as an example, and the fuel cost can be saved for the ship by about $ 33.7 ten thousand each year. If the ship type fuel tank is used for ship types such as ultra-large ocean container ships, oil tankers and the like, greater fuel cost can be saved.
3. Because the system applies the cold energy of the LNG fuel and the low-temperature BOG gas fuel to the cooling of the high-temperature cylinder liner water and the low-temperature fresh water of the main engine, the cold quantity requirements of the cylinder liner water circulation and the low-temperature fresh water circulation are reduced, and the power load of the circulating water pump is further reduced, thereby greatly saving the daily operation cost of the ship. The system is switched through the valve combination, the switching of the cold energy utilization mode of the LNG evaporator is realized, and the operation and closing working conditions of the ship main engine are flexibly met.
4. This high-pressure gas supply system of LNG fuel cold energy high efficiency utilization adopts BOG preheater heating output normal atmospheric temperature BOG gas, can adopt normal atmospheric temperature BOG compressor rather than the low temperature compressor to reduce compressor equipment cost.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall system operation of the present invention as a vessel is underway;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the operation of the system of the present invention during docking of a ship;
wherein: 1-LNG storage tank, 2-LNG low-pressure pump, 3-LNG heater, 4-LNG evaporator, 5-BOG preheater, 6-BOG compressor, 7-water glycol cylinder liner water heat exchanger, 8-first stop valve, 9-second stop valve, 10-first water glycol circulating pump, 11-pressure lifting device, 13-second water glycol circulating pump, 14-host machine gas buffer tank, 16-auxiliary machine gas buffer tank, 17-water glycol low-temperature fresh water heat exchanger, 18-dual-fuel host machine, 19-dual-fuel boiler, 20-dual-fuel generator, 21-gas supply valve bank, 22-water glycol buffer tank, 23-host machine cylinder liner water cooler, 24-water generator, 25-three-way temperature control valve, 26-central fresh water pump, 27-central fresh water cooler, 28-main engine cylinder liner water pump.
Detailed Description
The invention is further explained by combining the attached drawings, and the high-pressure gas supply system for efficiently utilizing the cold energy of the LNG fuel comprises an LNG storage tank 1, wherein an LNG low-pressure pump 2 is arranged in the LNG storage tank, and the LNG low-pressure pump is respectively connected with a pressure lifting device 11 and an LNG evaporator 4 through pipelines. The pressure lifting device is connected with the water-glycol cylinder sleeve water heat exchanger 7 to form a first circulation network, a second stop valve 9 is arranged on a going path of the first circulation network, and a first stop valve 8 and a first water-glycol circulating pump 10 are arranged on a loop of the first circulation network.
The water glycol cylinder sleeve water heat exchanger is connected with a high-temperature cylinder sleeve water circulating system, and the high-temperature cylinder sleeve water circulating system is formed by sequentially connecting the water glycol cylinder sleeve water heat exchanger, a main machine cylinder sleeve water cooler 23, a main machine cylinder sleeve water pump 28, the dual-fuel main machine 18 and a water making machine 24 in series to form a circulating network.
A bidirectional pipeline is arranged between the LNG evaporator and the LNG heater 3, the LNG evaporator, the water glycol fresh water heat exchanger and the LNG heater are connected to form a second circulation network, and a second water glycol circulation pump is arranged in a loop of the second circulation network; LNG evaporimeter, LNG heater, auxiliary engine gas buffer tank establish ties in proper order.
The LNG storage tank is connected with a BOG preheater 5 through a pipeline, the BOG preheater and a BOG compressor 6 are connected, and an auxiliary machine gas buffer tank 16 is connected in series through a pipeline. The BOG preheater is connected with a water glycol fresh water heat exchanger 17 to form a third circulation network, and a second water glycol circulation pump 13 is arranged in a loop of the third circulation network. The outgoing paths of the second circulation network and the third circulation network are converged at the later stage to form the same path, and the cold energy in the second circulation network and the cold energy in the third circulation network are converged at the later stage and are all supplied to the central fresh water circulation system; the loops of the second circulation network and the third circulation network are the same in the early stage and are separated in the later stage, the second circulation network and the third circulation network are respectively connected with the LNG heater and the BOG preheater, and the high-temperature water-glycol heat exchange medium after heat exchange respectively returns to the LNG heater and the BOG preheater for cyclic utilization.
Through the second and third circulation networks, the low-temperature water glycol heat exchange medium exchanges heat with high-temperature low-temperature fresh water at the water glycol fresh water heat exchanger to form low-temperature fresh water, the low-temperature fresh water flows through the central fresh water pump 26 and the central fresh water cooler 27, the central fresh water cooler further cools the low-temperature fresh water, the low-temperature fresh water flows through the dual-fuel generator, the main engine lubricating oil cooler and other equipment, the temperature of the low-temperature fresh water is raised, the high-temperature fresh water which is changed into about 53 ℃ flows back to the three-way temperature control valve 25 and the water glycol low-temperature fresh water heat exchanger, and the low-temperature water heat exchanger exchanges heat with the heat exchange medium for cyclic utilization.
When the ship sails, as shown in fig. 1, the first stop valve and the second stop valve are opened, the first circulation network, the second circulation network and the third circulation network are operated, liquid LNG at the temperature of-163 ℃ is pumped out through the LNG low-pressure pump and is conveyed to the pressure lifting device and the LNG evaporator, cold energy released in the pressure lifting process is provided for the high-temperature cylinder sleeve water circulation system, the low-temperature water glycol heat exchange medium exchanges heat with cylinder sleeve water flowing through the water making machine at the water glycol cylinder sleeve water heat exchanger, the cylinder sleeve water after heat exchange enters the main engine cylinder sleeve water cooler 23 for further cooling, and the cooled cylinder sleeve water is conveyed to the dual-fuel main engine 18 through the main engine cylinder sleeve water pump. The low-temperature liquid LNG forms 45 ℃ natural gas after being boosted and heated by the pressure boosting device, is conveyed to the main engine gas buffer tank 14 for buffering, is processed by the gas supply valve group and is supplied to the ME-GI dual-fuel main engine for use.
A water glycol buffer tank 22 is arranged between the first circulation net loop and the outward route of the second circulation net and the outward route of the third circulation net.
The low-temperature water glycol heat exchange medium in the second circulation network and the third circulation network exchanges heat with high-temperature low-temperature fresh water at the water glycol fresh water heat exchanger, the central fresh water system forms low-temperature fresh water after heat exchange, the low-temperature fresh water flows through the central fresh water pump 26 and the central fresh water cooler 27, the central fresh water cooler further cools the low-temperature fresh water, and the low-temperature fresh water flows through the dual-fuel generator, the main engine lubricating oil cooler and other equipment to heat up, and the low-temperature fresh water is changed into high-temperature fresh water at about 53 ℃ and flows back to the three-way temperature control valve 25 and the water glycol low-temperature fresh water heat exchanger to exchange heat with the heat exchange medium for cyclic utilization.
Forming natural gas at the temperature of-40-0 ℃ through an LNG evaporator, conveying the natural gas to an LNG heater, heating the natural gas by the LNG heater to form natural gas at the temperature of 0-60 ℃, and conveying the natural gas to an auxiliary machine gas buffer tank; BOG gas at the temperature of 140 ℃ below zero is processed by a BOG preheater and a BOG compressor to form natural gas at the temperature of 0-60 ℃ and is conveyed to an auxiliary machine gas buffer tank, the auxiliary machine gas buffer tank is connected with a gas supply valve group, the gas supply valve group 21 is respectively connected with a dual-fuel boiler 19 and a dual-fuel generator 20, and the dual-fuel boiler and the dual-fuel generator are powered through the gas supply valve group.
When the ship is berthed, as shown in fig. 2, the first stop valve and the second stop valve are closed, the second circulation network and the third circulation network are operated, and the main engine stops working.
The low-temperature LNG is pumped out from the LNG storage tank and is conveyed to the LNG evaporator, the LNG evaporator evaporates to release cold energy, and the water glycol heat exchange medium goes to the way through the second circulation network and is conveyed to the water glycol low-temperature fresh water heat exchanger to exchange heat with high-temperature low-temperature fresh water, so that energy is supplied to the central fresh water circulation system. BOG gas comes out from the LNG storage tank and enters the BOG pre-heater, the BOG pre-heater is heated to release cold energy, the water glycol heat exchange medium goes to the water glycol low-temperature fresh water heat exchanger through the third circulation network to supply energy to the central fresh water circulation system, and the water glycol heat exchange medium after heat exchange respectively returns to the LNG heater and the BOG pre-heater through the second circulation network and the third circulation network for recycling.
Excessive BOG gas at the low temperature of-140 ℃ generated in an LNG storage tank passes through a BOG preheater, is subjected to heat exchange to normal temperature (the temperature is 0-40 ℃) through a water-glycol heat exchange medium, and is conveyed into a main machine gas buffer tank through a BOG compressor. The low-temperature LNG is evaporated through an LNG evaporator to form low-temperature gaseous natural gas at-40-0 ℃, the low-temperature gaseous natural gas at-40-0 ℃ is conveyed to an LNG heater, and the high-temperature natural gas at 0-60 ℃ formed after the low-temperature gaseous natural gas is heated by the LNG heater is conveyed to an auxiliary machine gas buffer tank. The auxiliary machine gas buffer tank is connected with the gas supply valve group, the gas supply valve group is respectively connected with the dual-fuel boiler and the dual-fuel generator, and the dual-fuel boiler and the dual-fuel generator are powered through the gas supply valve group.
The heat source acquisition schemes adopted by the invention under two working conditions of navigation and port-leading are different, and the navigation part of heat source acquisition is from a high-temperature cylinder liner water system of the main engine, and the navigation part of heat source acquisition is from a central fresh water system; the heat source is all from the central fresh water system when the vehicle is in the port. The heat source collection scheme is more flexible, and the temperature collection efficiency and the control precision are higher; meanwhile, the condition that the waste heat of the host cannot be utilized when the host in the port is stopped is considered, the air supply system can still supply air for the auxiliary machine at the moment, and the system safety and the applicability are better.
Claims (5)
1. The utility model provides a high-pressure gas supply system of LNG fuel cold energy high-efficient utilization, has LNG storage tank, central fresh water circulation system, high temperature cylinder liner water circulation system, its characterized in that: an LNG low-pressure pump is arranged in the LNG storage tank, the LNG low-pressure pump is respectively connected with the LNG evaporator and the pressure lifting device through pipelines, and the LNG storage tank is connected with the BOG preheater through a BOG pipeline; the system comprises a pressure lifting device, a main engine gas buffer tank, a gas supply valve bank and a dual-fuel main engine which are connected in series through a pipeline, wherein liquid LNG at the temperature of-163 ℃ is pressurized to 6-9bar through an LNG low-pressure pump and pumped out, and is conveyed to the pressure lifting device, natural gas which is pressurized to 320bar through the pressure lifting device and has the temperature of 45 ℃ is conveyed to the main engine gas buffer tank for buffering, and is processed through the gas supply valve bank and supplied to the dual-fuel main engine; the pressure lifting device is connected with the water-glycol cylinder sleeve water heat exchanger through a pipeline and a valve to form a first circulation network, a water-glycol heat exchange medium flows through the pipeline of the first circulation network, a second stop valve is arranged on a going path of the first circulation network, a first stop valve and a first water-glycol circulation pump are arranged on a loop of the first circulation network, and the water-glycol cylinder sleeve water heat exchanger is connected with the high-temperature cylinder sleeve water circulation system;
the LNG evaporator is connected with the water glycol low-temperature fresh water heat exchanger and the LNG heater through pipelines to form a second circulation network, and a water glycol heat exchange medium flows through the pipelines of the second circulation network;
the LNG evaporator is connected with the LNG heater through a pipeline, natural gas formed after evaporation of the LNG evaporator is conveyed to the LNG heater, and the LNG heater is connected with an auxiliary machine gas buffer tank;
the BOG pre-heater is connected with a water glycol low-temperature fresh water heat exchanger through a pipeline to form a third circulation network, a water glycol heat exchange medium flows through the pipeline of the third circulation network, the water glycol low-temperature fresh water heat exchanger is connected with a central fresh water circulation system, and the BOG pre-heater, the BOG compressor and an auxiliary machine gas buffer tank are sequentially connected in series;
the auxiliary machine gas buffer tank is respectively connected with the dual-fuel boiler and the dual-fuel generator through a pipeline and a gas supply valve group;
the high-temperature cylinder sleeve water circulation system is characterized in that a water glycol cylinder sleeve water heat exchanger, a main engine cylinder sleeve water cooler, a main engine cylinder sleeve water pump, a dual-fuel main engine and a water generator are sequentially connected in series to form a circulation network;
the central fresh water circulating system is characterized in that a water glycol low-temperature fresh water heat exchanger, a central fresh water pump, a central fresh water cooler, host equipment and a three-way temperature control valve are sequentially connected to form a circulating network, and a connecting pipeline is arranged between the three-way temperature control valve and the central fresh water pump.
2. The high-pressure gas supply system for efficiently utilizing cold energy of LNG fuel as claimed in claim 1, wherein: a water glycol buffer tank is arranged between the first circulation net loop and the outward route of the second circulation net and between the first circulation net loop and the outward route of the third circulation net.
3. The high-pressure gas supply system for efficiently utilizing cold energy of LNG fuel as claimed in claim 1, wherein: and a second water glycol circulating pump is arranged in the loops of the second circulating net and the third circulating net.
4. The high-pressure gas supply system for efficiently utilizing the cold energy of the LNG fuel as claimed in claim 1, wherein: and when the ship sails, the first stop valve and the second stop valve are opened.
5. The high-pressure gas supply system for efficiently utilizing cold energy of LNG fuel as claimed in claim 1, wherein: and when the ship arrives at the port, the first stop valve and the second stop valve are closed.
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| CN111609311B (en) * | 2020-05-27 | 2021-11-02 | 青岛双瑞海洋环境工程股份有限公司 | Low-pressure LNG (liquefied Natural gas) supply system of dual-fuel ship engine and dual-fuel ship |
| CN113006975B (en) * | 2021-03-05 | 2022-09-09 | 长江三星能源科技股份有限公司 | Ship LNG supply system simulation and test device |
| CN113137319B (en) * | 2021-04-30 | 2024-05-14 | 招商局工业科技(上海)有限公司 | Ship dual-fuel engine air supply system adopting PCHE low-temperature heat exchanger |
| CN114109659B (en) * | 2021-11-26 | 2022-12-16 | 招商局重工(深圳)有限公司 | LPG fuel pipeline control method |
| CN114440134A (en) * | 2022-01-24 | 2022-05-06 | 长江三星能源科技股份有限公司 | Integrated compact LNG gas supply system ethylene glycol water heat transfer sled dress equipment |
| CN114576555B (en) * | 2022-03-17 | 2023-08-22 | 广西西江重工有限责任公司 | Ship LNG vaporization system applied to low-temperature environment and application method |
| CN114754289A (en) * | 2022-05-07 | 2022-07-15 | 威海中远海运重工科技有限公司 | LNG ship low-pressure gas supply system and method |
| CN115158625B (en) * | 2022-07-15 | 2024-04-16 | 上海外高桥造船有限公司 | Ship low-temperature fuel cold energy recycling system and method and ship |
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