CN110880753A - Platform area line loss correction method based on HPLC environment - Google Patents
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Abstract
A platform area line loss correction method based on an HPLC environment belongs to the field of power supply management. Firstly, acquiring a topological structure diagram of a low-voltage distribution network cell layer, user information, electric quantity measured by a gateway table and a user terminal ammeter side and a line loss statistical value of a transformer area; identifying parameters of each line segment in a cell layer power distribution network; according to the identification results of the user phase and the parameter identification results of each line segment of the power distribution system of the floor line and the cell layer, the technical line loss of the inner floor and the cell layer is calculated line by line and phase by phase respectively; judging the line loss statistical value of the transformer area; and identifying the data abnormal points, and correcting the monthly power consumption of the corresponding users and further the monthly power supply and the line loss of the transformer area. According to the obtained line loss calculation result, the link of high line loss generation of the low-voltage transformer area is found, so that the line loss can be more effectively treated, and the line loss of the low-voltage transformer area is quickly reduced. The method can be widely applied to the field of operation management of power supply systems.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of power supply operation management, and particularly relates to a loss reduction method for line loss of a low-voltage transformer area.
Background
In an electrical power system, a transformer area is generally referred to as a supply range or area of a (single) transformer.
The loss of real power and loss of electrical energy generated during the distribution of the transmission of the power grid are collectively referred to as line losses.
The types of line loss can be generally classified into 5 types, such as statistical line loss, theoretical line loss, management line loss, economic line loss and rated line loss.
The low-voltage transformer area is a main link for generating line loss.
However, under the current line loss refinement platform, the line loss statistical value of the low-voltage distribution area can only be obtained through the comparison of the power supply and sales. Due to meter or communication failure, the statistical value is sometimes not very accurate; even if accurate, also can't distinguish technical line loss and management line loss, can't master the link that the line loss mainly takes place in for low-voltage transformer district line loss administers and lacks effective means.
Most loads of the house are three-level loads, a power supply is generally taken from a 10kV power supply loop of a nearby 110-35/10 kV regional substation, and the power supply is stepped down to 0.4kV power supply through a cell 10kV distribution transformer.
The low-voltage distribution system of the residential area is divided into two links in the residential area-building:
(1) cell layer power distribution system: and a link from the outlet of 0.4kV of the community distribution transformer to a unit low-voltage distribution room (for high-rise/small high-rise unit type residence)/unit distribution box (for multi-storey unit type residence). TN-S or TN-C-S three-phase power supply is generally used, and the wiring is radial.
(2) Distribution system in the building: and a link from the unit low-voltage distribution room/unit distribution box to the user electric meter. For a unit type high-rise residence, a small low-voltage distribution room is usually arranged in a unit basement, dual power supplies are distributed in units, and a plurality of low-voltage distribution and metering cabinets are arranged in the distribution room and feed electricity to each floor in a radiation type, a tree-dry type or a partition tree-dry type. For multi-storey houses or villas, a floor type wind and rain box is usually arranged at a proper position in front of the buildings or a floor type wire inlet box is arranged at an entrance of the first storey of the unit to serve as an intermediate power distribution point, so that power is supplied to each building or each storey in a radial mode. Each cell typically provides three-phase power to facilitate three-phase load balancing. Unit power distribution generally takes two forms: firstly, a unit main switch, a branch switch and each household metering ammeter are arranged in a unit distribution box, and radial wiring is used from the unit distribution box to each household distribution box; secondly, as shown in fig. 1, a unit main switch is arranged in the unit distribution box, trunk wiring is adopted from the unit distribution box to the floor distribution box, a household meter and a distribution switch for the layer are arranged in the floor distribution box, and radial distribution is adopted from the floor distribution box to each household. With the increase of the scale of the electricity consumption of residents, the latter wiring mode is more common at present.
At present, a power line high-speed carrier (HPLC) power consumption information acquisition technology is becoming mature. By means of the HPLC and the intelligent electric meter, the power failure time can be reported in time, the voltage, the current and the electric quantity of each 5min of a metering point of a low-voltage user are returned, and the district identification and the phase identification are carried out on the low-voltage user. The functions provide new conditions for mastering the topological structure of the low-voltage distribution network, further accurately analyzing the line loss of the low-voltage transformer area and carrying out the line loss treatment of the low-voltage transformer area.
Based on the above situation, in the aspects of power supply management and energy management, a low-voltage transformer area line loss analysis and treatment method adaptive to a new acquisition environment is urgently needed to be constructed, and the operation efficiency of a low-voltage link is rapidly improved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a platform area line loss correction method based on an HPLC environment. The method provides a low-voltage distribution network structure chromatography and line parameter analysis method for two layers of a floor line and a community power distribution system in a door opening by utilizing split-phase voltage, current and power data at a floor collector and a user electric meter in an HPLC system. And then, the obtained line parameters are utilized to respectively carry out line-by-line and phase-by-phase line loss calculation on the inner floor of the building and the cell floor, and the separation values of the technical line loss and the management line loss of the cell power distribution system are obtained. And then, finding a link with high line loss and high power generation in the low-voltage transformer area according to the obtained line length, the line-by-line load current and the line loss calculation results of all links, thereby more effectively treating the line loss and quickly reducing the line loss in the low-voltage transformer area.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: the provided method for correcting the line loss of the transformer area based on the HPLC environment is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) acquiring a low-voltage distribution network cell layer topology structure diagram from the PMS; acquiring user information from a CIS; acquiring electrical quantity measured by a gateway meter and a user terminal meter side from an HPLC system; acquiring a station area line loss statistic value from a line loss refinement platform;
2) identifying parameters of each line segment in a cell layer power distribution network;
3) according to the identification results of the user phase and the parameter identification results of each line segment of the power distribution system of the floor line and the cell layer, the technical line loss of the inner floor and the cell layer is calculated line by line and phase by phase respectively;
4) judging the line loss statistical value of the transformer area;
5) and identifying the data abnormal points, and correcting the monthly power consumption of the corresponding users and further the monthly power supply and the line loss of the transformer area.
The line-by-line and phase-by-phase calculation comprises neutral line loss calculation, so that the calculation result is more consistent with the actual technical loss of the transformer area.
Further, the distinguishing of the station line loss statistical values comprises phase-by-phase line-by-line technical line loss analysis of the cell distribution network and phase-by-line technical line loss analysis of the floor line.
Specifically, the line loss analysis of the phase-by-phase line-by-line technology of the cell distribution network includes:
the first step is as follows: acquiring the split-phase current of each door opening;
the second step is that: calculating the current on each line section in the platform area according to the door opening current;
the third step: the technical line loss of each segment in the t period of the cell layer of the transformer area can be further obtained by the current on the line segment;
the fourth step: calculating the three-phase average current and the three-phase current unbalance degree of each door opening;
the fifth step: calculating the neutral line loss of each door opening;
and a sixth step: firstly, calculating the sum of split-phase currents flowing into each door opening, and thus obtaining the three-phase average current and the three-phase current unbalance degree of a cell layer;
the seventh step: and calculating the neutral line loss of the cell layer.
Specifically, the line loss analysis of the floor line phase-by-phase line-by-line technology comprises the following steps:
the first step is as follows: acquiring a current value transmitted on a floor line in each time interval;
the second step is that: according to the calculation results of the resistance and the reactance of each section of the floor line, the line loss of each section of the phase splitting technology is obtained by combining the current transmitted on the resistance and the reactance;
the third step: calculating the unbalance degree of the three-phase current of each layer;
the fourth step: obtaining neutral line current of each layer according to the current value of each layer of user and the identification result of the user phase;
the fifth step: and calculating the loss of the neutral line of each layer in the door opening.
Specifically, the line loss statistical value of the transformer area is judged, and the judgment comprises the positioning of a three-phase unbalanced door opening, the positioning of a load unbalanced line, the judgment of whether the power supply radius meets the specification or not and the line type rationality analysis.
Further, discern data abnormal point, including discerning and platform district line loss correction, stealing electric investigation and platform district line loss correction and platform district electricity selling amount of electricity and line loss's correction to the unusual measurement value of power consumption.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
1. according to the technical scheme, the analysis of the wiring mode and the line parameters of the low-voltage distribution network is realized by using the measurement data, so that a foundation is provided for the technical loss calculation of a transformer area;
2. based on the structure of the transformer area and the parameter chromatography result, the line-by-line and phase-by-phase technical line loss analysis in the low-voltage transformer area and the separation of the technical line loss and the management line loss can be realized, and the high-voltage transmission link of the low-voltage transformer area is found, so that the line loss is more effectively treated, the line loss of the low-voltage transformer area is quickly reduced, and the fine management of the line loss of the low-voltage transformer area is promoted;
3. the method can construct a suspicious user searching method for electricity stealing based on the horizontal migration judgment of the electrical quantity time series by analyzing the time series based on the voltage, the current, the power and the power factor of the user side, improve the timeliness of electricity stealing prevention, and simultaneously estimate the type of electricity stealing;
4. based on the line length and the line-by-line phase line loss analysis result, the construction and operation indexes of the distribution network, such as the low-voltage power supply radius, the door opening three-phase load balance degree and the like, can be further measured, calculated and analyzed, the loss reduction means which is only suitable for the medium-voltage distribution network and the high-voltage distribution network is popularized and applied to the low-voltage distribution network, and the loss reduction and energy saving of the low-voltage distribution.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a typical cell floor low voltage power distribution system;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the identification process of the problem of line loss in the distribution room under the HPLC environment;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the searching process of the suspected electricity stealing user based on the HPLC electrical quantity level migration determination.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
At present, a power line high-speed carrier (HPLC) power consumption information acquisition technology is becoming mature. By means of the HPLC and the intelligent electric meter, the power failure time can be reported in time, the voltage, the current and the electric quantity of each 5min of a metering point of a low-voltage user are returned, and the district identification and the phase identification are carried out on the low-voltage user. The functions provide new conditions for mastering the topological structure of the low-voltage distribution network, further accurately analyzing the line loss of the low-voltage transformer area and carrying out the line loss treatment of the low-voltage transformer area.
According to the technical scheme, firstly, the low-voltage distribution network structure analysis and the line parameter analysis of two layers of a floor line in a door opening and a community power distribution system are carried out by utilizing split-phase voltage, current and power data of a floor collector and a user electric meter in an HPLC system; then, the obtained line parameters are utilized to respectively carry out line-by-line and phase-by-phase line loss calculation on the inner floor of the building and the cell floor, and the separation values of the technical line loss and the management line loss of the cell power distribution system are obtained; then, according to the obtained line length, line-by-line load current and line loss calculation results of all links, appropriate technical loss reduction measures of the target platform area are found from the aspects of power supply radius, three-phase balance degree, lead selection rationality and the like; exploring the administrative impairment pathways.
The technical scheme of the invention provides a method for correcting the line loss of a distribution room based on an HPLC environment, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) acquiring a low-voltage distribution network cell layer topology structure diagram from the PMS; acquiring user information from a CIS; acquiring electrical quantity measured by a gateway meter and a user terminal meter side from an HPLC system; acquiring a station area line loss statistic value from a line loss refinement platform;
2) identifying parameters of each line segment in a cell layer power distribution network;
3) according to the identification results of the user phase and the parameter identification results of each line segment of the power distribution system of the floor line and the cell layer, the technical line loss of the inner floor and the cell layer is calculated line by line and phase by phase respectively;
4) judging the line loss statistical value of the transformer area;
5) and identifying the data abnormal points, and correcting the monthly power consumption of the corresponding users and further the monthly power supply and the line loss of the transformer area.
The technical solution is further described as follows:
A. analysis of the in-building distribution network:
and (3) collecting phase voltage, phase current and electric quantity at the power receiving point of each user and phase voltage, phase current and electric quantity at the floor collector by using the HPLC, wherein the floor electric quantity is the sum of the power receiving quantity of each phase user at the floor. Most of the residential users adopt single-phase power supply, and the structural analysis of the in-building distribution network comprises the problems of two aspects of identification of the wiring mode of the split-phase low-voltage distribution lines and identification of parameters of various matched lines.
The core problem of the in-building phase-splitting wiring mode identification is to determine the phase of each user.
The phase identification method provided by the technical scheme is a data analysis method based on user side voltage, current and electric quantity measurement signals, and the result can be used as supplement of a physical method identification result; meanwhile, the method is not limited to a physical identification method, because the current physical identification method for transmitting the power line carrier signal only gives the phase of each user and does not determine the front-back sequence relation of wiring among the users, the method provided by the technical scheme can also determine the series connection relation among the users in the same phase while giving a phase identification result.
A1, phase identification:
in each layer, the same-phase users belong to a series connection relationship, and the load of the downstream users changesResulting in a co-directional change of itself and all in-phase upstream and downstream user voltages. Therefore, the voltage fluctuation of the same-layer in-phase user has higher correlation than that of the non-in-phase user, and the closer the two metering points are, the greater the voltage correlation is. According to the principle, the s-phase voltage at the t moment acquired by the f-th layer collector in the door opening is recorded as
The phase voltage measured by the ith user metering device in the layer at the same time is recorded as Uf,i(t), the process of identifying the user phase and identifying the concatenation relationship between users on the same layer is as follows:
the first step is as follows: calculating the correlation coefficient of the phase voltage of all users on the f-th floor and the phase voltage of each floor collector, and recording the correlation coefficient of the phase voltage of the i-th user on the f-th floor and the s-phase voltage collected by the floor collector as gammaf,s-i。
The second step is that: for each user belonging to the f-th layer, the phase with the maximum voltage correlation coefficient is found as the phase to which the user belongs, namely the phase of the ith user of the f-th layer is taken
sf,i＝argmax{γf,s-i；s∈{A,B,C}}
The third step: according to the result of the previous step, the users belonging to the s phase of the f layer (s is belonged to { A, B, C }) are subjected to the relation of the users and the same-phase voltage collected by the collector according to the relation
The users are sorted from big to small, the relative coefficient is larger and is closest to the collector, and the concatenation relationship among the same-layer users is determined.
The fourth step: and (4) repeating the steps 1-3 on all floors f, so that the wiring mode of each phase (including the phase of each user and the series connection relationship among the users) can be determined.
The set of users in the f-th layer s phase (s is belonged to { A, B, C }) is recorded as omegaf,s。
A2, identifying floor line parameters:
since the same-floor user metering devices are placed in the same meter box and are very close to each other, the distance and the loss of the part of the line are ignored, and therefore, the contents of the floor line parameter identification comprise ① the length of the line segment between the floor collectors and ② the impedance of the line segment between the floor collectors.
If there is a floor F in the door opening, the floor line length from the F th floor to the F +1 th floor is recorded as
Corresponding resistance is
Reactance is
Keeping the s-phase (s epsilon { A, B, C }) voltage at the f-th layer collector collected in the period t as
The electric quantity transmitted on the s-phase (s epsilon { A, B, C }) floor line from the f th floor to the f +1 th floor of the time interval t is recorded as
The flow of floor line parameter identification is as follows:
the first step is as follows: and acquiring the current value transmitted on the floor line in each time period. The current transmitted on a floor line of a certain section is equal to the sum of the transmitted currents of all the downstream users in the period of time, i.e. the current transmitted on the floor line of the certain section is equal to the sum of the transmitted currents of all the downstream users in the period of time
In the above formula, the first and second carbon atoms are,
the phase current of t time s obtained by the collector of the k layer is equal to the sum of the current received by all users of the phase of the layer at the time.
The second step is that: and collecting each phase voltage of each time period collected by the floor collector, and solving the voltage loss. Wherein the voltage loss on the f-th to f + 1-th layer s-phase floor lines:
according to the second equation in the above equation, the resistance of the floor line can be theoretically obtained by using the voltage and current values at one time. However, because the voltage and current metering values may have errors, the impedance of the floor line is obtained by adopting a next fitting method.
The third step: for the floor line between two floors, the following minimization problem is constructed, and the impedance of the floor line between each floor in the door opening is fitted by solving the problem
A3, analysis of the cell layer distribution network structure:
the wiring mode of the cell layer power distribution system can be checked in the PMS, so that the structural analysis is mainly used for determining the length, the resistance and the reactance parameter value of each line segment. The basic data identified by the parameters only comprise voltage, current and electric quantity data collected at the outgoing line position of the distribution transformer 0.4kV, the terminal data are the voltage and the current at the position of the first layer collector in the door opening, and in addition, the loss of the floor line in the door opening can be calculated by utilizing the obtained floor line impedance, so that the power supply quantity at the position of the first layer collector in the door opening is reversely pushed out. Based on the data, the technical scheme provides a line loss comparison method to realize the identification of each line segment parameter in the cell layer power distribution network.
The method comprises the following steps:
the first step of acquiring original data includes ① acquiring the power consumption of one layer of the door opening, i.e. the total power supply of the whole door opening, and recording the mth door opening as
② phase-splitting current of each door opening, and the current at the s-th phase t moment of the kth door opening is recorded as
It is the sum of the current of all the users in the door opening at the time t, and the power supply quantity E of ③ distribution transformer at the 0.4kV side in the time tT(t) of (d). By
The total technical loss of the small area distribution network link in the station area in the period of t can be obtained (M represents a door opening set in the station area).
The second step is that: and constructing a downstream node identification matrix gamma according to the cell distribution network structure. Wherein, the elements in the downstream node identification matrix take values according to the following rule
The third step: and calculating the current on each line segment in the platform area according to the door opening current. Since the cell distribution network is in a radial wiring mode, each node corresponds to one branch at the upstream of the node, and therefore the current of the branch corresponding to the node can be represented by the current injected by the node. Further, the current at the time t of the s-th phase can be calculated as follows:
in the above formula: n is the number of cell layer nodes in the cell;
the vector is formed by currents at t moment on each line segment of the s phase of the cell layer in the cell;
and a vector formed by injected current at the s-th phase t moment of each node in the transformer area is obtained, and the injected current is equal to the phase current flowing into the door opening only when the node is an end node (namely at the position of the door opening distribution box), otherwise, the injected current is zero.
The theoretical value of the total loss of the cell layer of the station area in the period t can be further written by the current on the line segment as follows:
the fourth step: the resistance value of each line segment is obtained through the problem of minimizing the deviation between the loss theoretical value and the measured value in each time period of the cell layer (as follows):
the fifth step: for further obtaining the branch impedance and further obtaining the branch reactance and the line length, the branch node in the cell (that is, at least two nodes are arranged at the downstream of the node, and the branch node comprises a distribution transformer outlet node, that is, a node with the number of 0) is counted and recorded as a set NC(ii) a For each fork node k e NCDefining a set of vias LkEach element in the set corresponding to a path from the node to the end door opening node; also, for each path L ∈ LkAll nodes belonging to the path but not including the head node of the path are recorded as a set Nl(ii) a Defining a voltage vector at the s-th phase t moment of a cell end node
The vector dimension is equal to the number of cell nodes, and the corresponding element is non-zero only if the ith node is an end gate node. Thus, the path L ∈ L from the branching nodekThe voltage at the time t of the s-th phase of the bifurcation point k can be calculated according to the following formula:
in the above formula, the first and second carbon atoms are,
is a column vector with only the jth element being 1 and the remaining elements being zero; zjThe impedance of a line segment in the cell with the jth node as a tail node.
And a sixth step: the following optimization problem was constructed, toSynthesizing the impedance Z of each line segment satisfying the following optimization objectivej
The above equation indicates that the impedance of each line segment of the cell layer is such that the voltages calculated for each branch node for each path are approximately equal.
The seventh step: from ZjAnd RjCalculating reactance X of line segment jjThe calculation formula is as follows:
eighth step: and (5) obtaining the resistance and reactance value of each line segment in unit length and the corresponding line type. The method comprises the steps of firstly obtaining a wire impedance angle, and calculating the impedance angle of the jth line segment by the following formula:
comparing the result with the impedance angle of each 0.4kV cable, finding out the nearest line type as the line type, and recording the corresponding resistance and reactance in unit length as rlAnd xlThen is obtained by
ll＝Rl/rl
Or ll＝Xl/xl
The length of this line segment can be determined.
In the past centralized meter reading environment, only a low-voltage transformer area line loss statistical value can be obtained through comparison of the electricity supply and sales, the technical line loss and the management line loss cannot be subdivided, and the occurrence links of the technical line loss cannot be subdivided.
The low-voltage distribution network topology result and the line parameters can be chromatographed in an HPLC (high performance liquid chromatography) collection environment, so that the possibility of calculating the technical line loss according to the load data is provided; the line loss of the platform area management can be further obtained by deducting the technical line loss calculation value from the line loss statistical value; in addition, line-by-line phase-by-phase loss can be determined during technical line loss analysis, and a basis is provided for fine management of line loss of a low-voltage transformer area.
B. The line loss calculation method of the line-by-line and phase-by-phase technology of the transformer area comprises the following steps:
according to the user phase identification and the identification results of the parameters of the segments of the floor line and the community layer power distribution system, the technical line loss of the inner floor and the community layer can be calculated line by line and phase by phase, and the line loss fine analysis is realized. The technical line loss calculation method of the transformer area related by the technical scheme is different from the traditional theoretical line loss calculation method: on one hand, the method in the technical scheme is implemented by line-by-line phase-by-phase calculation; on the other hand, considering that the problem of three-phase load imbalance in a low-voltage distribution system is more prominent, the method constructed in the technical scheme comprises neutral line loss calculation, so that the calculation result can better accord with the actual technical loss of a transformer area.
B1, calculating the line loss of the floor line phase by phase line by line technology:
an F floor is arranged in the door opening, wherein the resistance and reactance of the floor lines from the F floor to the F +1 floor are respectively
(f is 1, …, f-1), the calculation flow of the floor line-by-line loss is as follows:
the first step is as follows: and acquiring the current value transmitted on the floor line in each time period. The current delivered on a floor line is equal to the sum of the currents of all the downstream users in the period of time, i.e. the current is equal to the sum of the currents of all the downstream users in the period of time
In the above formula, the first and second carbon atoms are,
the current at the time t on the s-phase floor line of the f-th to f + 1-th floors; i isk,i(t) is the current of the ith user of the kth layer at the moment t; omegaf,sIs the set of users for the layer f s phase.
The second step is that: and calculating the line loss of each section of the phase splitting technology according to the calculation result of the resistance and the reactance of each section of the floor line and the current transmitted on the floor line. For the technical line loss on the f-th to f + 1-th floor s-phase floor lines in the time interval t, the calculation formula is
The third step: and calculating the three-phase current unbalance degree of each layer. Firstly, according to the user current value of each layer of the door opening and the identification result of the user phase, calculating the phase separation current value of each layer, further calculating the three-phase current average value of each layer, obtaining the three-phase current unbalance degree of each layer according to the phase separation current value of each layer, and calculating the formula of the phase separation current of the fth layer of the time section t, the three-phase current average value and the three-phase current unbalance degree as follows
Obviously for the unbalance of three-phase current, there are
The fourth step: according to the current value of each layer user and the identification result of the user phase, the neutral line current of each layer is obtained, and the formula for the neutral line current of the f layer of the time period t is as follows
Note the book
Then there is
Expressed by three-phase current unbalance
Is provided with
The fifth step: and calculating the loss of the neutral line of each layer in the door opening. Setting the f-layer neutral resistance as R according to the obtained f-layer neutral currentf,0The neutral line loss of the f-th layer in the time period t is
B2, calculating the line loss of the phase-by-phase line-by-line technology of the cell distribution network:
according to the resistance and reactance values of each line section of the distribution system of the cell layer obtained in the above way, the line-by-line and phase-by-phase calculation can be carried out on the technical line loss of the cell layer by combining the current value of the user ammeter of each door opening.
The technical line loss calculation process is as follows:
the first step is as follows: obtaining the phase-splitting current of each door opening, wherein the value is obtained by adding the current values of the same phase in all the user t periods in the door opening, and the current of the kth door opening at the s-phase t moment is recorded as
The calculation formula is as follows
The second step is that: calculating the current on each line section in the platform area according to the door opening current, wherein the calculation formula of the current at the s-th phase t moment is as follows:
in the above formula, the first and second carbon atoms are,
the vector is formed by currents at t moment on each line segment of the s phase of the cell layer in the cell;
the vector formed by injected current at the s-th phase t moment of each node in the transformer area is used, and the injected current is equal to the phase current flowing into the door opening only when the node is an end node (namely the door opening), otherwise, the injected current is zero; n is the number of nodes in the cell layer, and each line segment can be uniquely represented by the tail node of the tree structure of the cell layer, so that
Representing the current on the line segment with node l as the tail node.
The third step: the technical line loss of each segment in the t period of the cell layer of the transformer area can be further written by the current on the line segment, and the calculation formula of the technical loss of the line segment at the s-th phase t moment is
In the above formula, τ is the time interval of current measurement.
The fourth step: the three-phase average current and the three-phase current unbalance degree of each door opening are calculated, and the calculation formula of the three-phase average current and the three-phase current unbalance degree at the kth door opening t moment is
The fifth step: calculating the neutral line loss of each door opening, and setting the neutral line resistance of the kth door opening as Rk,0Then the calculation formula of the neutral line loss at the kth door opening t is
And a sixth step: firstly, the sum of the phase-splitting currents flowing into each door opening is calculated, and therefore the three-phase average current and the three-phase current unbalance degree of the cell layer are obtained. If the community layer has K door openings, the sum of the phase-splitting currents of the door openings is
Further calculating the three-phase average current and the three-phase current unbalance degree of the cell layer
The seventh step: let the cell layer neutral line resistance be R0Calculating the neutral line loss of the cell layer according to the following formula
B3, calculating the distribution room management line loss:
subtracting the calculated technical line loss value from the corrected line loss statistical value of the distribution room to obtain a distribution room management line loss value, namely
In the above formula,. DELTA.EMRepresenting the current month management line loss of the transformer area; eT(t) is a technical line loss calculated value of a distribution room at the time t, and is calculated according to the following formula
In the above formula, the first and second carbon atoms are,
representing the loss of the distribution line of the cell in the time period t;
and represents the loss of the distribution line in the building in the time period t.
C. The technical loss reduction approach of the low-voltage transformer area is as follows:
under the traditional collection environment, the three-phase unbalance degree can be analyzed in the low-voltage platform area, but how to balance the three-phase load is not known; meanwhile, because the current and the loss on each line cannot be known, other methods capable of analyzing the platform area technology loss reduction measures are also lacked. The HPLC acquisition environment provides possibility for line parameter chromatography and line-by-line phase-by-phase line loss analysis in the transformer area, so that means for analyzing the technical loss reduction way of the low-voltage transformer area are enriched, and the method specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) positioning of three-phase unbalanced door opening: the three-phase unbalance degree of each door opening can be evaluated, and the door opening needing to be subjected to three-phase unbalance treatment is positioned. For the door openings, the three-phase load balance degree can be optimized through user phase adjustment.
(2) Line positioning of load unbalance: load rate balance should be achieved as much as possible among lines led out from the cell distribution transformer, and heavy load of a part of lines and light load of another part of lines are avoided. Therefore, the load rate balance degree evaluation can be carried out on the load rate of the station-to-station outgoing line, and the station area with unbalanced line-to-line load can be found out. For the built transformer area, the line load cutting difficulty is high, but the evaluation result can be used as the evaluation basis of the engineering quality and the reference of the subsequent similar cell wiring engineering.
(3) And (3) judging whether the power supply radius meets the specification: in the provisions of a plurality of technical principles of the power grid, the low-voltage power supply radius is specified to be less than or equal to 150m, but the actual measurement analysis of the low-voltage power supply radius cannot be carried out under the traditional acquisition environment. And according to the chromatography result of the cell distribution network in the chapter II, the lengths of the cell layer and the inner floor line segment are obtained, so that the maximum power supply radius of the cell can be calculated and analyzed, and whether the requirements of the technical principle are met or not is judged. Unreasonable power supply radius is mainly caused by unreasonable addressing and unreasonable wiring of the substation in the community, the power supply radius is not feasible to be shortened for the built community, but the evaluation result can also be used as the evaluation basis of engineering quality and the reference of subsequent similar community wiring engineering.
(4) Analysis of line rationality: and (4) inspecting whether the distribution lines in the district and the distribution lines in the building have perennial heavy-load and light-load lines, and if replacing other line types is helpful to reduce loss, indicating that the unreasonable line type problem exists in the distribution area.
C1, analyzing the unbalance degree of the load among door openings:
the load unbalance between the door openings can be measured by the unbalance of three-phase currents at the door opening, and the calculation formula of the unbalance of the three-phase currents at the kth door opening is
In the formula
And
the largest and smallest phase currents in the k-th door opening at time t, i.e. the phase currents
Wherein
And
at the kth door opening at the time of t
The sum of the currents of the individual users.
The related regulations of the power system stipulate that the unbalance degree of three-phase loads of a main line and main branch lines cannot exceed 20%, the three-phase balance of the main line and each branch line is directly influenced by the three-phase balance of a door opening, so that the judgment standard is popularized to the door opening, and if the unbalance degree of the three-phase current of the door opening is more than 20%, the judgment is unreasonable, namely the three-phase load balance is used as a technical loss reduction measure to be considered for one phase of a corresponding door opening and a corresponding platform area.
If defined, are
Degree of phase current imbalance
Wherein: i isφFor each phase current, Φ ═ a, B, C }; i isavIs the three-phase average current. The power loss calculation formula under the condition of considering the three-phase load imbalance is
The cross section of the neutral line in the low-voltage network is the same as that of the phase line, namely R0So that the above formula can be simplified to
From the above formula, β can be seen when three-phase load is balancedA＝βB＝βCWhen the line loss Δ P is minimum, 0 is
The line loss is increased when the unbalance degree of the three-phase load is increased, and the line loss is larger when the unbalance degree is larger. Simultaneously, the line loss correction coefficient under the condition of three-phase load unbalance can be obtained
By using the above formula, the reduction value of the line loss of each door opening and the transformer area after the three-phase load unbalance problem is corrected can be evaluated.
C2, analyzing load unbalance degree among lines:
the load of the distribution transformer outlet line is balanced as much as possible, and some lines are prevented from being overloaded and some lines are prevented from being underloaded. However, considering cell door opening placement, inter-line load balancing can only be considered between adjacent wiring. For this purpose, the load unbalance degree between the distribution network lines of the cell is defined as the maximum value of the maximum and minimum power percentage deviation between adjacent lines in the distribution system of the cell within a certain period of time, namely
In the formula: theta is a set of adjacent lines in a cell;
and
respectively the maximum and minimum values of the transmission power at the outlet of the transformer at the instant t of the adjacent line of the σ -th group. The transformer outgoing line transmission power can be obtained by gradually reversing through a method of adding terminal power and line loss under the condition that the power supply amount at the first-layer collector of the door opening is known.
The load balance degree between lines is related to the distribution condition of users in the cell and the electricity utilization habit of the users in each door opening, so the load balance degree between lines can only be used as reference when the reason why the line loss of the low-voltage transformer area is unreasonable is analyzed, and the load balance between lines is difficult to realize through load cutting between lines.
C3, power supply radius rationality analysis:
the supply radius generally refers to the straight-line distance between the substation and the farthest load point it supplies, but the low-voltage supply radius generally refers to the line length, not the spatial distance, between the supply point and the farthest load it supplies.
According to the length of the line segment of the cell layer, the maximum power supply radius of the cell can be calculated and analyzed. For this purpose, the length of the line (hereinafter referred to as a path) from the cell to each door opening is calculated, and the maximum value is the maximum power supply radius of the cell.
According to the line length of each line segment of the cell layer calculated in the previous step, a distribution line long vector L is constructedXQI.e. by
In the formula IiRepresents the length of a line segment with the ith node as the tail node, wherein10. According to the downstream node identification matrix gamma constructed by the chapter II, the power supply radius vector of each node can be further calculated
As follows
In the node power supply radius vector,
representing the total length of the line from the ith node to the distribution transformer outlet, when i is a door opening node
I.e. the length of one path.
The sum of the floor line lengths in each door opening is then calculated. The maximum length vector of the floor line of the door-recording opening is
In the formula
Representing the maximum length of the floor line of the door opening corresponding to the ith node, if the ith node does not correspond to the door opening, the maximum length of the floor line of the door opening corresponding to the ith node is represented
Otherwise, it is calculated according to the following formula
In the formula
The length of the floor line from the f floor to the f +1 floor of the door opening corresponding to the ith node is shown.
Finally, the maximum power supply radius of the cell is obtained, namely
According to the technical principle, the radius of the low-voltage power supply should not exceed 150m, so that the judgment is made
And if the length exceeds 150m, the length of the line of the cell is unreasonable.
D. A management line loss identification process under an HPLC environment:
the flow of analyzing the problem of managing line loss in the distribution room is shown in fig. 2:
(1) obtaining a management line loss value: and (4) correcting abnormal values in the line loss statistical values of the transformer area, simultaneously performing calculation analysis on the technical line loss of the transformer area, and subtracting the technical line loss of the transformer area in the same period from the line loss statistical values of the transformer area to obtain the management line loss of the transformer area.
(2) Identifying abnormal values of electricity consumption and correcting line loss: and identifying the data abnormal points, and correcting the monthly power consumption of the corresponding users and further the monthly power supply and the line loss of the transformer area.
(3) Investigation of electricity stealing behavior in transformer area: and finding out users suspected of stealing electricity in the transformer area, estimating the electricity stealing amount of the users, and further correcting the power supply amount and line loss of the transformer area.
D1, identifying abnormal electricity consumption measurement values and correcting line loss of the distribution room:
the abnormal data acquisition of the power consumption of the user in the HPLC environment mainly has two phenomena: firstly, signal crosstalk caused by carrier communication faults is realized, namely, a table with similar addresses is copied, so that meter skip words appear, and the phenomenon that step mutation occurs in metering data is shown; and the other is the data defects caused by the defects of the meter chip, such as the loss of current and electric quantity. In view of the fact that the first problem only affects the accuracy of the charge amount and the electricity charge of the user, and does not affect the statistics of the electricity sale amount and the line loss of the distribution room, the project only carries out research on the identification of the second problem and the corresponding problem of line loss correction of the distribution room.
After analyzing user-side data collected by HPLC, it is found that data caused by defects of a meter chip are usually represented by current, voltage and no power, wherein the data include two conditions that the power is zero in a part of time period and the power is zero in a whole time period. These zero power situations must be distinguished from a zero charge caused by a power theft by the user.
To this end, note Ik(t)、Uk(t)、Pk(t) current, voltage and power values measured at the kth user metering point at the time t respectively, if the partial time interval satisfies:
Ik(t) > 0 and Uk(t) > 0 and Pk(t)＝0
Then it can be determined that the data is abnormal due to the meter problem; if the current is continuously non-zero and the power is zero, the meter problem or the electricity stealing is possible, and suspected users of electricity stealing need to be listed and determined after manual inspection.
For users satisfying the above conditions, the following formula is adopted to correct the power consumption at the time t
In the above formula, Pk' (t) is the corrected power consumption value of the kth user at the time t;
and taking the power factor value closest to the t moment in the moment when the electric power measurement value of the user is nonzero as the power factor used for the active power correction of the kth user at the moment.
After correcting the power value at the metering point of the user, the monthly electricity sales of the distribution room are calculated according to the following formula
Subsequently, the zone line loss correction value is calculated as follows:
ΔE＝EG-ES'
d2, detecting electricity stealing and correcting line loss of transformer area:
the purpose of the electricity stealing detection is to find out the suspected electricity stealing users in the station area.
The solution of this problem in the HPLC collection environment has two major characteristics:
① can be judged by measuring voltage, current, and electric quantity, to judge suspected users, and judge the type of electricity stealing according to the combination relationship among multiple quantities;
② the starting and stopping time of electricity stealing can be accurately judged by collecting a little in 5 minutes, so the electricity selling quantity and the line loss of the distribution area can be accurately corrected.
(1) The method for searching the electricity stealing suspicious user comprises the following steps:
the combination of the user-side measurement data shown by different electricity stealing means is different: the voltage drop caused by electricity stealing by the voltage loss/undervoltage method further causes the decrease of the active power metering value and the accumulated electricity consumption; the current loss/undercurrent method causes sudden drop of current, and further causes the drop of an active power metering value and accumulated power consumption; the phase-shifting method can cause sudden drop of the power factor, and further cause drop of the active power metering value and the accumulated power consumption, wherein the power factor does not directly display feedback, but can be investigated through the ratio relation of the active power metering value and the product of voltage and current; the voltage, current and power factor change conditions under other electricity stealing modes are complex, the combination condition is not single, but active power and further sudden drop of electricity consumption can be caused.
Any electricity stealing method always causes sudden drop of certain electrical quantity (such as voltage, current, power factor and active power),
d3, electric larceny suspicious user search method based on HPLC electric quantity level migration judgment:
let the time sequence of the electrical acquisition quantity to be examined of user k be x1，x2，…，xnThe collection quantity sequence can be voltage (for under-voltage/under-voltage method), current (for under-current/under-current method), power factor (for phase-shift method), and daily electricity consumption (for other possible electricity stealing modes), and each user can judge whether to classify the user into the suspected electricity stealing user through the process shown in fig. 3.
The method is used for detecting the descending horizontal sudden drop point of the electrical quantity by continuously moving the window, wherein the fixed window sudden drop point detection of each step is implemented by the following steps:
the first step is as follows: the cumulative sum is calculated by the formula
S0＝0
Wherein
Is x1x2…xnMean value of (i)
The second step is that: the maximum deviation value of the cumulative sum value is obtained by the calculation formula
The third step: calculating accumulated sum values and maximum deviation values of the accumulated sum values according to various permutation and combination of the original time sequence;
rearranging the time sequence x in a random order1x2…xnThe number of such permutation and combination should be n! -1, 1000 of them were taken for analysis. In the j-th arrangement of the above
Calculating a cumulative sum value
Then calculating the maximum deviation value of the accumulated sum
The fourth step: determine whether there is a certain arrangement j such that
If so, there may be a horizontal migration with a confidence of
In the above formula, N is the number of experiments in which the original time sequence is randomly arranged in other orders, if all arrangement cases are traversed, N ═ N! -1, and α is the number of experiments in N times
The number of times of (c);
the fifth step: if the confidence coefficient of the horizontal migration is more than or equal to 95 percent, the time when the Level Change occurs is further solved by solving the original stable time sequence
The time m is the time when the mean value changes, and the time m +1 is the first time after the mean value changes;
if xm<xm+1, the horizontal migration is upward horizontal migration; if xm>xm+1, the horizontal migration is a downward horizontal migration.
Only the user who finds the downward horizontal migration is judged as suspicious of electricity stealing, and the upward horizontal migration time found after the electricity stealing starting time can be used as the electricity stealing stopping time.
D4, correction of station power sale and line loss:
by the foregoing electricity theft detection, it has become possible to find out the electricity theft start/stop time of the suspected electricity theft user at the same time. If the suspicious user set of electricity stealing in the found target platform area is Cs, the starting time and the stopping time of the electricity stealing in the current month of the kth user are respectively Cs
And
(both are date numbers, which may be the first day of the month/last day of the month if electricity stealing begins/ends in a non-target month), and the user's monthly electricity usage before the electricity stealing start time is
The electricity sales in the distribution area is corrected by the following formula
In the above formula, ndTarget total days of the month, ESAnd ES' the power is sold in the region before and after correction respectively. Furthermore, when the line loss of the terrace area is corrected according to the following formula:
ΔE＝EG-ES'
d5, loss reduction potential analysis:
for the established cell, unreasonable power supply radius is difficult to solve by the relocation of the transformer substation, the load unbalance between lines is also limited by the load distribution, and the unreasonable line selection problem does not exist in the pilot station area. Therefore, the loss reduction potential can only be mined from the door opening three-phase load balancing perspective.
In the process of field test, the three-phase load is cut off for the door opening with the three-phase current unbalance degree exceeding 20%, and if the three-phase load can be completely balanced, the line loss rate of the community is reduced from 4.19% to 3.54%, namely reduced by 0.65% in the test stage.
If the measures of the three-phase load balance of the door opening are expanded and applied to the same type of residential areas of the district of a certain power supply company (the power supply amount is about 100 hundred million kWh/year according to 1.4 ten thousand similar areas), 6500 ten thousand kWh/year can be reduced through the improvement of the three-phase balance degree of the door opening, and the income of the electric charge is increased by 3172 ten thousand yuan/year (the average price per unit is 0.488 yuan/kWh).
The HPLC power consumption information acquisition technology applied to the low-voltage line loss treatment method has the advantages that:
(1) the measurement data can be used for analyzing the wiring mode and the line parameters of the low-voltage distribution network, and further a foundation is provided for the technical loss calculation of the transformer area.
(2) Based on the structure of the transformer area and the parameter chromatography result, the line-by-line and phase-by-phase technical line loss analysis in the low-voltage transformer area and the separation of the technical line loss and the management line loss can be realized, and the high-voltage transmission link of the low-voltage transformer area is found, so that the line loss is more effectively treated, and the line loss of the low-voltage transformer area is quickly reduced.
(3) The method is characterized in that a new method for searching for a suspicious user of electricity stealing based on the horizontal migration judgment of the time series of the electric quantity is constructed by analyzing the time series based on the voltage, the current, the power and the power factor (the ratio of the active power to the U, I product), so that the timeliness of electricity stealing prevention is improved, and the type of electricity stealing can be estimated.
(4) Based on the line length and the line-by-line phase line loss analysis result, the construction and operation indexes of the distribution network, such as the low-voltage power supply radius, the door opening three-phase load balance degree and the like, can be further measured, calculated and analyzed, the loss reduction means which is only suitable for the medium-voltage distribution network and the high-voltage distribution network is popularized and applied to the low-voltage distribution network, and the loss reduction and energy saving of the low-voltage distribution.
The invention can be widely applied to the field of operation management of power supply systems.
Claims (7)
1. A method for correcting the line loss of a transformer area based on an HPLC environment is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) acquiring a low-voltage distribution network cell layer topology structure diagram from the PMS; acquiring user information from a CIS; acquiring electrical quantity measured by a gateway meter and a user terminal meter side from an HPLC system; acquiring a station area line loss statistic value from a line loss refinement platform;
2) identifying parameters of each line segment in a cell layer power distribution network;
3) according to the identification results of the user phase and the parameter identification results of each line segment of the power distribution system of the floor line and the cell layer, the technical line loss of the inner floor and the cell layer is calculated line by line and phase by phase respectively;
4) judging the line loss statistical value of the transformer area;
5) and identifying the data abnormal points, and correcting the monthly power consumption of the corresponding users and further the monthly power supply and the line loss of the transformer area.
2. The method of line loss correction for a distribution room in an HPLC environment as recited in claim 1, wherein said line-by-line and phase-by-phase calculations include neutral line loss calculations to make the calculation more consistent with the actual technical loss of the distribution room.
3. The method for correcting the line loss of the distribution room based on the HPLC environment as claimed in claim 1, wherein the step of discriminating the statistical value of the line loss of the distribution room comprises a phase-by-phase line-by-line technology line loss analysis of a distribution network of a cell and a phase-by-line technology line loss analysis of a floor line.
4. The method for correcting the line loss of the distribution room based on the HPLC environment as claimed in claim 3, wherein the line loss analysis of the phase-by-phase line-by-line technology of the distribution network of the cell comprises:
the first step is as follows: acquiring the split-phase current of each door opening;
the second step is that: calculating the current on each line section in the platform area according to the door opening current;
the third step: the technical line loss of each segment in the t period of the cell layer of the transformer area can be further obtained by the current on the line segment;
the fourth step: calculating the three-phase average current and the three-phase current unbalance degree of each door opening;
the fifth step: calculating the neutral line loss of each door opening;
and a sixth step: firstly, calculating the sum of split-phase currents flowing into each door opening, and thus obtaining the three-phase average current and the three-phase current unbalance degree of a cell layer;
the seventh step: and calculating the neutral line loss of the cell layer.
5. The HPLC environment-based line loss correction method for a distribution room as recited in claim 3, wherein the floor line phase-by-phase line-by-line technical line loss analysis comprises:
the first step is as follows: acquiring a current value transmitted on a floor line in each time interval;
the second step is that: according to the calculation results of the resistance and the reactance of each section of the floor line, the line loss of each section of the phase splitting technology is obtained by combining the current transmitted on the resistance and the reactance;
the third step: calculating the unbalance degree of the three-phase current of each layer;
the fourth step: obtaining neutral line current of each layer according to the current value of each layer of user and the identification result of the user phase;
the fifth step: and calculating the loss of the neutral line of each layer in the door opening.
6. The method for rectifying the line loss of the transformer area based on the HPLC environment according to claim 1, wherein the discrimination of the statistical values of the line loss of the transformer area comprises the positioning of a three-phase unbalanced door opening, the positioning of a line with unbalanced load, the judgment of whether the power supply radius meets the specification or not and the analysis of line type rationality.
7. The method for correcting line loss of distribution room based on HPLC environment as claimed in claim 1, wherein said identifying data anomaly points comprises identifying abnormal measurement values of power consumption and correcting line loss of distribution room, detecting electricity stealing and correcting line loss of distribution room and correcting electricity selling and line loss of distribution room.
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