CN110870444A - Pollution-free cultivation method for interplanting autumn soybeans in corn - Google Patents
Pollution-free cultivation method for interplanting autumn soybeans in corn Download PDFInfo
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- CN110870444A CN110870444A CN201811055397.9A CN201811055397A CN110870444A CN 110870444 A CN110870444 A CN 110870444A CN 201811055397 A CN201811055397 A CN 201811055397A CN 110870444 A CN110870444 A CN 110870444A
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- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/20—Cereals
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/40—Fabaceae, e.g. beans or peas
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Abstract
The invention discloses a pollution-free cultivation method for interplanting autumn soybeans in corn, belonging to the field of fruit and vegetable planting and comprising the following steps of: selecting land and preparing land; selecting varieties; coating a film; sowing; managing the field; pest control; the method fully utilizes land resources, improves the land utilization rate, increases the grain yield per unit land, increases the income of farmers, and is green, environment-friendly and pollution-free.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of fruit and vegetable planting, in particular to a method for interplanting autumn soybeans in corn without public hazards.
Background
Nowadays, concepts such as environmental protection, green and energy conservation are more and more emphasized, under the promotion of the concept of the energy-saving society, any natural resource on the earth should be reasonably integrated and fully utilized, the corn and autumn soybean interplanting pollution-free cultivation method is just the practice of reasonably utilizing land resources, not only fully utilizes the remaining space and land resources in the field, but also improves the land utilization rate, increases the grain yield in unit land and increases the income of farmers, so the full utilization of the green and pollution-free resources is the inevitable trend of future agricultural development, therefore, growers should strengthen the application of the corn and autumn soybean interplanting pollution-free cultivation method in the actual agricultural production work, and provide a strength for better promoting the sustainable development of national agriculture.
However, the existing pollution-free cultivation method for interplanting autumn soybeans in corn is not scientific, so that the crop yield is low, the land utilization rate is low, and the grain yield is low.
Disclosure of Invention
1. Technical problem to be solved
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a pollution-free cultivation method for interplanting autumn soybean with corn, which makes full use of land resources, improves the land utilization rate, increases the grain yield per unit land, increases the income of farmers, and is green, environment-friendly and pollution-free.
2. Technical scheme
In order to solve the above problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions.
A pollution-free cultivation method for interplanting autumn soybeans in corn comprises the following steps:
s1, selecting soil with sufficient sunlight, convenient irrigation and good ventilation, deeply turning the soil for 20-25cm, insolating, deeply ploughing and making furrows, and deeply applying organic fertilizers including duck manure 15m per mu of land35-7m of chicken manure3And pig manure of 8m3(ii) a Applying chemical fertilizers which comprise 165kg of calcium-magnesium phosphate fertilizers and 165kg of diammonium phosphates and 80kg of potassium sulfate and potassium nitrate to each mu of land, wherein the chemical fertilizers are applied twice, deeply applied to the ground along with organic fertilizers for the first time, spread to the ground for the second time and shallowly turned into the soil, so that the fertilizers are uniformly distributed in a soil layer, and proper land is selected to prepare the land with proper fertilizers, thereby being beneficial to the high yield of cucumbers;
s2, variety selection: the autumn soybean variety is a good soybean variety which has short growth cycle, strong stress resistance and short stalk type and is favored by market consumers, and the corn variety is a hybrid variety which has upward leaves, compact plant type, short growth period, strong stress resistance, high yield and is suitable for local climate planting;
s3, coating: the ridge distance is 1.2m, the ridge width is 65cm, the ridge furrow width is 25cm, the ridge height is 15cm, and the film is coated after the ridges are raised;
s4, sowing: when the corn seeds are sown in the early stage, the corn seeds are sown in a single row, so that the growth among seedlings is not influenced when the autumn soybeans are interplanted with the corn, and the row spacing of the corn is about 90cm, so that the plants can receive better photosynthesis, and the subsequent interplanting work of the autumn soybeans can be smoothly carried out; when autumn soybeans are interplanted in the middle ten 6-7 months, selected soybean seeds are exposed to the sun for half a day in advance to improve the germination rate, 2 rows of autumn soybeans are sown in each ridge in a hole-sowing mode along ridges at a hole spacing of about 20cm, 3-4 seeds are sown in each hole, the small row spacing is about 30cm, and the large row spacing is about 60 cm;
s5, field management:
(a) fertilizing and topdressing corn: fertilizing, namely applying a corn compound fertilizer, wherein 20-35g of fertilizer is applied to each plant, and pouring a proper amount of water; topdressing, namely topdressing when the height of the corn is 1.2-1.5m, applying a fertilizer compound fertilizer for the corn, applying 10-15g of fertilizer to each plant, and watering properly;
(b) fertilizing and topdressing autumn soybeans: fertilizing, applying compound fertilizer, 15-25g of each plant, and pouring a proper amount of water; topdressing, namely topdressing when soybeans turn yellow, applying a compound fertilizer, applying 5-10g of fertilizer to each plant, and watering properly;
s6, pest control:
(a) and (3) corn pest control: selecting 1000 times of 800-fold bacterium-removing agent with the concentration of 50% or 500 times of wettable carbendazim with the concentration of 50% for the northern leaf blight of the corn, applying 60kg of the liquid per mu, spraying 1 time every 7-9 days, and continuously preventing and treating for 3 times: the corn small spot is continuously prevented and treated for 3 times by selecting 800 times of mancozeb liquid with the concentration of 90 percent, spraying 60kg per mu and spraying 1 time every 7-9 days; the phoxim granules with the concentration of 1.5 percent are selected for the corn borers and the aphids, and the phoxim granules are sown according to 2kg per mu by using a 'three-finger one-pinch' method;
(b) controlling autumn soybean diseases and insect pests: spraying pyrethroid pesticide to the seedling for 1-2 times in order to prevent insect damage effectively in the early flowering stage after the autumn soybean seedlings emerge; in the early pod stage of autumn soybeans, triazolone is sprayed to prevent rust; in addition, no pesticide is used, so that the basic pollution-free cultivation of interplanting the corn and the autumn soybeans is ensured;
s7, harvesting:
(a) harvesting of corn: harvesting the autumn soybeans after about 7 days of planting;
(b) harvesting autumn soybeans: harvesting in the middle 10-11 months;
further, when the total sowing time of the autumn soybeans is about 30 days, the planting personnel can carry out one-time all-round artificial weeding on the field.
Further, in the S7, after the corn is harvested for 15d, the corn straws are cut off; if the corn straws are harvested too early, soil moisture loss can be caused, so that the soil is hardened, the seedling emergence and the growth of autumn soybeans are not facilitated, and on the contrary, if the corn straws are cut off and the work is delayed, the illumination can be influenced, so that the photosynthesis of the soybean seedlings is insufficient.
3. Advantageous effects
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
the invention not only accords with the principle of the mutual benefit and symbiosis of crops, but also can improve the utilization rate of the soil, increase the grain yield of unit soil area and increase the income of farmers, the corn and the soybean have great difference in plant height, the two crops adopt the interplanting method, not only can fully utilize the natural light energy, but also can reduce the multiple conditions, thereby directly influencing the economic income of the farmers, simultaneously, the corn and the autumn soybean adopt the interplanting mode, can prevent large-scale insect damage and effectively inhibit the growth of weeds, provide good conditions for cultivating the pollution-free crops, furthest ensure the crops to grow in the pollution-free environment, in addition, can also reduce the damage of the weeds to the soil, thereby ensuring the fertility and the looseness of the soil layer, and having direct influence on the growth condition of the following crops, because the corn is a fibrous root system plant and is mainly distributed on the surface layer of the soil, the demand for nitrogen fertilizer is large, the soybean is a straight root system plant, the root can be deeply penetrated into the soil to absorb deep soil nutrients, meanwhile, the root system of the soybean has rhizobium and has the function of fixing nitrogen elements in the air, so that the soil fertility can be improved and the soil condition can be improved, therefore, the corn and the autumn soybean can establish the mutual benefit symbiotic relationship between the corn and the autumn soybean by adopting an interplanting mode, the utilization rate of the soil nutrients is improved, the yield-increasing potential of the soil can be maximally excavated, and the positive effect is realized on the improvement of the corn yield and the soil utilization rate.
Detailed Description
The following will clearly and completely describe the technical scheme in the embodiment of the invention. It is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments, and all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without inventive work based on the embodiments of the present invention belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", "inner", "outer", "top/bottom", and the like, indicate orientations or positional relationships for convenience in describing the present invention and simplifying the description, but do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and be operated, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise specifically stated or limited, the terms "mounted," "disposed," "sleeved/connected," "connected," and the like are to be construed broadly, e.g., "connected," which may be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
Example 1:
a pollution-free cultivation method for interplanting autumn soybeans in corn comprises the following steps:
s1, selecting soil with sufficient sunlight, convenient irrigation and good ventilation, deeply turning the soil for 20-25cm, insolating, deeply ploughing and making furrows, and deeply applying organic fertilizers including duck manure 15m per mu of land35-7m of chicken manure3And pig manure of 8m3(ii) a Applying chemical fertilizers which comprise 165kg of calcium-magnesium phosphate fertilizers and 165kg of diammonium phosphates and 80kg of potassium sulfate and potassium nitrate to each mu of land, wherein the chemical fertilizers are applied twice, deeply applied to the ground along with organic fertilizers for the first time, spread to the ground for the second time and shallowly turned into the soil, so that the fertilizers are uniformly distributed in a soil layer, and proper land is selected to prepare the land with proper fertilizers, thereby being beneficial to the high yield of cucumbers;
s2, variety selection: the autumn soybean variety is a good soybean variety which has short growth cycle, strong stress resistance and short stalk type and is favored by market consumers, and the corn variety is a hybrid variety which has upward leaves, compact plant type, short growth period, strong stress resistance, high yield and is suitable for local climate planting;
s3, coating: the ridge distance is 1.2m, the ridge width is 65cm, the ridge furrow width is 25cm, the ridge height is 15cm, and the film is coated after the ridges are raised;
s4, sowing: when the corn seeds are sown in the early stage, the corn seeds are sown in a single row, so that the growth among seedlings is not influenced when the autumn soybeans are interplanted with the corn, and the row spacing of the corn is about 90cm, so that the plants can receive better photosynthesis, and the subsequent interplanting work of the autumn soybeans can be smoothly carried out; when autumn soybeans are interplanted in the middle ten 6-7 months, selected soybean seeds are exposed to the sun for half a day in advance to improve the germination rate, 2 rows of autumn soybeans are sown in each ridge in a hole-sowing mode along ridges at a hole spacing of about 20cm, 3-4 seeds are sown in each hole, the small row spacing is about 30cm, and the large row spacing is about 60 cm;
s5, field management:
(a) fertilizing and topdressing corn: fertilizing, namely applying a corn compound fertilizer, wherein 20-35g of fertilizer is applied to each plant, and pouring a proper amount of water; topdressing, namely topdressing when the height of the corn is 1.2-1.5m, applying a fertilizer compound fertilizer for the corn, applying 10-15g of fertilizer to each plant, and watering properly;
(b) fertilizing and topdressing autumn soybeans: fertilizing, applying compound fertilizer, 15-25g of each plant, and pouring a proper amount of water; topdressing, namely topdressing when soybeans turn yellow, applying a compound fertilizer, applying 5-10g of fertilizer to each plant, and watering properly;
s6, pest control:
(a) and (3) corn pest control: selecting 1000 times of 800-fold bacteria-removing agent with the concentration of 50% or 500 times of wettable carbendazim with the concentration of 50% for the northern leaf blight of the corn, applying about 60kg of the solution per mu, spraying 1 time every 7-9 days, and continuously preventing and treating for 3 times; the corn small spot is continuously prevented and treated for 3 times by selecting 800 times of mancozeb liquid with the concentration of 90 percent, spraying 60kg per mu and spraying 1 time every 7-9 days; the phoxim granules with the concentration of 1.5 percent are selected for the corn borers and the aphids, and the phoxim granules are sown according to 2kg per mu by using a 'three-finger one-pinch' method;
(b) controlling autumn soybean diseases and insect pests: spraying pyrethroid pesticide to the seedling for 1-2 times in order to prevent insect damage effectively in the early flowering stage after the autumn soybean seedlings emerge; in the early pod stage of autumn soybeans, triazolone is sprayed to prevent rust; in addition, no pesticide is used, so that the basic pollution-free cultivation of interplanting the corn and the autumn soybeans is ensured:
s7, harvesting:
(a) harvesting of corn: harvesting the autumn soybeans after about 7 days of planting;
(b) harvesting autumn soybeans: harvesting in the middle 10-11 months;
further, when the total sowing time of the autumn soybeans is about 30 days, the planting personnel can carry out one-time all-round artificial weeding on the field.
Further, in S7, cutting off the corn stalks after the corn is harvested for 15 d; if the corn straws are harvested early, soil moisture loss can be caused, so that the soil is hardened, the seedling emergence and the growth of the autumn soybeans are not facilitated, and on the contrary, if the corn straws are cut off for a long time, the illumination can be influenced, so that the photosynthesis of soybean seedlings is insufficient.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art should be considered to be within the scope of the present invention, and the equivalent replacement or change according to the technical solution and the improvement concept of the present invention should be covered by the scope of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. A pollution-free cultivation method for interplanting autumn soybeans in corn is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
s1, selecting soil with sufficient sunlight, convenient irrigation and good ventilation, deeply turning the soil for 20-25cm, insolating, deeply ploughing and making furrows, and deeply applying organic fertilizers including duck manure 15m per mu of land35-7m of chicken manure3And pig manure of 8m3(ii) a Applying chemical fertilizers to each mu of land, wherein the chemical fertilizers comprise 165kg of calcium-magnesium phosphate fertilizers and 165kg of diammonium phosphates and 80kg of potassium sulfate and potassium nitrate, the chemical fertilizers are applied twice, the fertilizers are deeply applied underground along with organic fertilizers for the first time, the fertilizers are spread on the ground for the second time, and the fertilizers are slightly turned into the soil;
s2, variety selection: the autumn soybean variety is a good soybean variety which has short growth cycle, strong stress resistance and short stalk type and is favored by market consumers, and the corn variety is a hybrid variety which has upward leaves, compact plant type, short growth period, strong stress resistance, high yield and is suitable for local climate planting;
s3, coating: the ridge distance is 1.2m, the ridge width is 65cm, the ridge furrow width is 25cm, the ridge height is 15cm, and the film is coated after the ridges are raised;
s4, sowing: sowing corn in 4-5 middle of the month, sowing corn seeds in a single row, wherein the row spacing of the corn is about 90 cm; when autumn soybeans are interplanted in the middle of 7 months to 8 months, selected soybean seeds are exposed to the sun for half a day in advance, 2 rows of autumn soybeans are sown in each ridge in a hole-sowing mode along the ridge, the hole distance is about 20cm, 3-4 seeds are sown in each hole, the small row distance is about 30cm, and the large row distance is about 60 cm;
s5, field management:
(a) fertilizing and topdressing corn: fertilizing, namely applying a corn compound fertilizer, wherein 20-35g of fertilizer is applied to each plant, and pouring a proper amount of water; topdressing, namely topdressing when the height of the corn is 1.2-1.5m, applying a fertilizer compound fertilizer for the corn, applying 10-15g of fertilizer to each plant, and watering properly;
(b) fertilizing and topdressing autumn soybeans: fertilizing, applying compound fertilizer, 15-25g of each plant, and pouring a proper amount of water; topdressing, namely topdressing when soybeans turn yellow, applying a compound fertilizer, applying 5-10g of fertilizer to each plant, and watering properly;
s6, pest control:
(a) and (3) corn pest control: selecting 1000 times of 800-fold bacteria-removing agent with the concentration of 50% or 500 times of wettable carbendazim with the concentration of 50% for the northern leaf blight of the corn, applying about 60kg of the solution per mu, spraying 1 time every 7-9 days, and continuously preventing and treating for 3 times; the corn small spot is sprayed with 800 times of mancozeb liquid with the concentration of 90 percent, the spraying amount per mu is 60kg, the liquid is sprayed for 1 time every 7 to 9 days, and the prevention and the treatment are continuously carried out for 3 times; the phoxim granules with the concentration of 1.5 percent are selected for the corn borers and the aphids, and the phoxim granules are sown according to 2kg per mu by using a 'three-finger one-pinch' method;
(b) controlling autumn soybean diseases and insect pests: spraying pyrethroid pesticide to the seedling for 1-2 times from the seedling emergence to the early flowering stage of the autumn soybean; in the early pod stage of autumn soybeans, triazolone is sprayed to prevent rust; in addition, no pesticide is used;
s7, harvesting:
(a) harvesting of corn: harvesting the autumn soybeans after about 7 days of planting;
(b) harvesting autumn soybeans: harvesting was performed between 10 mid-month and 11 mid-month.
2. The pollution-free cultivation method for interplanting autumn soybeans in corn according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: when the total sowing time of the autumn soybeans is about 30 days, the planting personnel can carry out one-time all-round artificial weeding on the field.
3. The pollution-free cultivation method for interplanting autumn soybeans in corn according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: in the S7, after the corn is harvested for 15 days, the corn straws are cut off.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111543274A (en) * | 2020-05-25 | 2020-08-18 | 邵阳市农业科学研究院 | Corn and soybean relay intercropping whole-process mechanized production method |
| CN112243813A (en) * | 2020-10-23 | 2021-01-22 | 陈德山 | Three-dimensional strip-shaped composite interplanting intercropping cultivation method for corns and soybeans in cold areas |
-
2018
- 2018-09-04 CN CN201811055397.9A patent/CN110870444A/en active Pending
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111543274A (en) * | 2020-05-25 | 2020-08-18 | 邵阳市农业科学研究院 | Corn and soybean relay intercropping whole-process mechanized production method |
| CN112243813A (en) * | 2020-10-23 | 2021-01-22 | 陈德山 | Three-dimensional strip-shaped composite interplanting intercropping cultivation method for corns and soybeans in cold areas |
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