CN110859999B - Construction method of three-dimensional vascular network hydrogel - Google Patents
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- A61L27/00—Materials for grafts or prostheses or for coating grafts or prostheses
- A61L27/36—Materials for grafts or prostheses or for coating grafts or prostheses containing ingredients of undetermined constitution or reaction products thereof, e.g. transplant tissue, natural bone, extracellular matrix
- A61L27/3604—Materials for grafts or prostheses or for coating grafts or prostheses containing ingredients of undetermined constitution or reaction products thereof, e.g. transplant tissue, natural bone, extracellular matrix characterised by the human or animal origin of the biological material, e.g. hair, fascia, fish scales, silk, shellac, pericardium, pleura, renal tissue, amniotic membrane, parenchymal tissue, fetal tissue, muscle tissue, fat tissue, enamel
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- A61L27/3641—Materials for grafts or prostheses or for coating grafts or prostheses containing ingredients of undetermined constitution or reaction products thereof, e.g. transplant tissue, natural bone, extracellular matrix characterised by the site of application in the body
- A61L27/3679—Hollow organs, e.g. bladder, esophagus, urether, uterus, intestine
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- A61L27/00—Materials for grafts or prostheses or for coating grafts or prostheses
- A61L27/50—Materials characterised by their function or physical properties, e.g. injectable or lubricating compositions, shape-memory materials, surface modified materials
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
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- A61L27/00—Materials for grafts or prostheses or for coating grafts or prostheses
- A61L27/50—Materials characterised by their function or physical properties, e.g. injectable or lubricating compositions, shape-memory materials, surface modified materials
- A61L27/507—Materials characterised by their function or physical properties, e.g. injectable or lubricating compositions, shape-memory materials, surface modified materials for artificial blood vessels
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- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F220/00—Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical or a salt, anhydride ester, amide, imide or nitrile thereof
- C08F220/02—Monocarboxylic acids having less than ten carbon atoms; Derivatives thereof
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- C08F220/20—Esters of polyhydric alcohols or phenols, e.g. 2-hydroxyethyl (meth)acrylate or glycerol mono-(meth)acrylate
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
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- A61L2430/00—Materials or treatment for tissue regeneration
- A61L2430/22—Materials or treatment for tissue regeneration for reconstruction of hollow organs, e.g. bladder, esophagus, urether, uterus
Abstract
The construction method of the three-dimensional vascular network hydrogel provided by the embodiment of the invention comprises the steps of firstly infusing the vascular filler into the blood vessel of the isolated organ, after the vascular filler is hardened, the isolated organ tissue is peeled off to obtain a three-dimensional vascular model of the isolated organ, then the three-dimensional vascular model is put into a mould, pouring hydrogel prepolymer into the mold for low-temperature polymerization to obtain a hydrogel model, extracting the three-dimensional blood vessel model from the hydrogel model, the three-dimensional blood vessel network is obtained, the method has simple process, does not need complex processing process, has low requirement on equipment, and the constructed three-dimensional blood vessel model has the same structure as the organism micro-blood vessel network and has the characteristic of complete bionics, the constructed three-dimensional vascular model has higher tensile strength, good elasticity, good biocompatibility and high possibility of being drawn out, can not remain in gel and solves the problems existing in the construction of a three-dimensional vascular network in the prior art.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of tissue biological manufacturing, and particularly relates to a construction method of three-dimensional vascular network hydrogel.
Background
With the development of tissue engineering, research related to tissue engineering, such as the manufacture of skin, ear, cartilage, and the like, has been significantly developed in recent years. However, there are still more problems with constructing large volumes of tissue, where vascularization is one of the major difficulties currently faced.
In the constructed engineered tissue, cells must be close enough (100-200 μm) to the vascular network to obtain oxygen and nutrient supply, thereby preventing the formation of necrotic cores. However, when the engineered tissue is implanted into a host, the speed of budding of host capillaries into the engineered scaffold is slow, and therefore the most important issue in the tissue fabrication process is the formation of a three-dimensional vascular network. CN109172039A discloses a method for preparing a vascular network-like channel by a composite process, the method combines an electrostatic spinning technology and a mold-like composite process to prepare the vascular network-like channel with a composite structure, the required materials are easy to obtain, the prepared vascular network-like channel with the composite structure is similar to an organism micro-vascular structure and has the bionic characteristic, an electrospinning layer in the composite vascular network-like channel is beneficial to the adhesion growth and differentiation proliferation of cells, and the strength and toughness of the structure are enhanced by a composite formed tissue structure. Although the method provided by the invention can solve the problem of vascularization of a massive tissue structure at present, the preparation process is complex and difficult to control.
In addition, in the prior art, hydrogels with micro-grooves or micro-channels can also be manufactured by photolithography. However, the microchannels formed by these methods are usually limited to two-dimensional planes, and rely on multiple layer-by-layer assembly steps, and the preparation process is complex, which easily results in poor alignment of the interfaces in the engineering tissues. The microchannel can also be manufactured by utilizing a biological printing technology, for example, a designed three-dimensional vascular network model is printed by using Pluronic F127, sodium alginate, agarose and the like, then the template is immersed in the hydrogel prepolymer, and the sacrificial template is removed after the hydrogel is formed, so that the stent with the three-dimensional vascular network is formed.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems existing in the prior art of constructing a three-dimensional vascular network, embodiments of the present invention provide a method for constructing a three-dimensional vascular network.
In order to achieve the purpose, the embodiment of the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a method for constructing three-dimensional vascular network hydrogel comprises the following steps:
s1: perfusing a vascular filler into a blood vessel of an isolated organ;
s2: after the vascular filler perfused in the step S1 is hardened, stripping the isolated organ tissue to obtain a three-dimensional vascular model of the isolated organ;
s3: putting the three-dimensional blood vessel model into a mold, pouring hydrogel prepolymer into the mold, and polymerizing at low temperature to obtain a hydrogel model;
s4: and extracting the three-dimensional blood vessel model from the hydrogel model to obtain the three-dimensional blood vessel network hydrogel.
The method has simple process, does not need complex processing process, has low requirement on equipment, has the same structure of the constructed three-dimensional blood vessel model as an organism micro-blood vessel network, has the characteristic of complete bionics, has the breaking elongation of 246.62 percent and the maximum tensile strength of 20.1MPa, shows that the three-dimensional blood vessel model has higher tensile strength, good elasticity, easy extraction, no residue in gel and good biocompatibility, is suitable for popularization and application in blood vessel tissue engineering, and is beneficial to solving the problem of vascularization network in the human tissue organ reconstruction problem in clinical medicine.
Preferably, the vascular filler comprises the following components in percentage by volume:
dibutyl phthalate: 1 to 2 percent of the total amount of the catalyst,
color paste: 5 to 10 percent of the total weight of the composition,
the balance being natural latex.
Preferably, the hydrogel prepolymer comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
hydroxyethyl methacrylate: 4 to 6 percent of the total weight of the steel,
a crosslinking agent: 8 to 10 percent of the total weight of the steel,
initiator: 0.5 to 0.7 percent,
initiation accelerator (b): 0.3 to 0.5 percent.
Further preferably, the crosslinking agent comprises: at least one of N, N-methylenebisacrylamide, 2-hydroxyalkylamide, N-methylolacrylamide, diacetone acrylamide, formaldehyde, and glutaraldehyde.
Further preferably, the initiator comprises: at least one of ammonium persulfate, potassium persulfate, sodium persulfate, benzoyl peroxide, tert-butyl peroxybenzoate, and diisopropyl peroxydicarbonate.
Further preferably, the initiation promoter comprises tetramethylethylenediamine.
Preferably, the temperature of the low-temperature polymerization is-18 to-25 ℃.
Preferably, the time of the low-temperature polymerization is more than or equal to 24 hours.
Preferably, the construction method comprises: in step S3, the hydrogel model is washed.
When cleaning, the hydrogel model is soaked in deionized water for 48h, and water is replaced every 12h to remove monomers and other impurities which do not participate in polymerization.
The embodiment of the invention has the beneficial effects
1. The method for constructing the three-dimensional vascular network hydrogel provided by the embodiment of the invention comprises the steps of firstly infusing a vascular filler into blood vessels of an isolated organ, stripping tissues of the isolated organ after the vascular filler is hardened to obtain a three-dimensional vascular model of the isolated organ, then placing the three-dimensional vascular model into a mould, pouring hydrogel prepolymer into the mould for low-temperature polymerization to obtain a hydrogel model, and extracting the three-dimensional vascular model from the hydrogel model to obtain the three-dimensional vascular network hydrogel, wherein the method has the advantages of simple process, no need of complex processing process, low requirement on equipment, same structure of the constructed three-dimensional vascular model as a biological micro vascular network, complete bionic characteristics, higher tensile strength, good elasticity, easy extraction, no residue in the gel and good biological compatibility, the problem of constructing a three-dimensional vascular network in the prior art is solved;
2. the method for constructing the three-dimensional vascular network hydrogel provided by the embodiment of the invention has the advantages of simple process, no need of complex processing process, low requirement on equipment, and completely bionic characteristics of the constructed three-dimensional vascular model with the same structure as the biological micro-vascular network, wherein the elongation at break of the constructed three-dimensional vascular model is 246.62%, and the maximum tensile strength is 20.1MPa, which indicates that the three-dimensional vascular model has higher tensile strength, good elasticity, easy extraction and no residue in the gel;
3. the three-dimensional vascular network obtained by the construction method of the embodiment of the invention has good biocompatibility, is suitable for being popularized and applied to vascular tissue engineering, and is beneficial to solving the problem of vascularization network in the human tissue organ reconstruction problem in clinical medicine.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a stress-strain graph of the three-dimensional vascular model of example 2.
FIG. 2 is a blood vessel model extraction test of the three-dimensional blood vessel network hydrogel in example 2.
FIG. 3 is an infrared spectrum of the three-dimensional vascular network hydrogel of example 2.
FIG. 4 is a graph showing the results of the biocompatibility test for the three-dimensional vascular network hydrogel in example 2 after 1 day.
FIG. 5 is a graph showing the results of the three-dimensional vascular network hydrogel biocompatibility test in example 2 after 3 days.
FIG. 6 is a graph showing the results of the biocompatibility test for the three-dimensional vascular network hydrogel in example 2 after 7 days.
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional vascular network hydrogel biocompatibility testing of the living cell rate in example 2.
Detailed Description
The embodiment of the invention provides a method for constructing three-dimensional vascular network hydrogel, which comprises the steps of firstly infusing a vascular filler into blood vessels of an isolated organ, stripping tissues of the isolated organ after the vascular filler is hardened to obtain a three-dimensional vascular model of the isolated organ, then placing the three-dimensional vascular model into a mold, pouring hydrogel prepolymer into the mold for low-temperature polymerization to obtain a hydrogel model, and extracting the three-dimensional vascular model from the hydrogel model to obtain the three-dimensional vascular network hydrogel. The method has simple process, does not need complex processing process, has low requirement on equipment, and the constructed three-dimensional blood vessel model has higher tensile strength, good elasticity, good biocompatibility, easy extraction, no residue in gel, and is suitable for popularization and application in blood vessel tissue engineering, and is favorable for solving the vascularization network problem in human tissue organ reconstruction problem in clinical medicine.
In order to better understand the above technical solutions, the above technical solutions will be described in detail with reference to specific embodiments.
Example 1
A method for constructing three-dimensional vascular network hydrogel comprises the following steps:
s1: perfusing a vascular filler into a blood vessel of an isolated organ;
s2: after the vascular filler perfused in the step S1 is hardened, the isolated organ tissue is stripped to obtain a three-dimensional vascular model of the isolated organ;
s3: putting the three-dimensional blood vessel model into a mold, pouring hydrogel prepolymer into the mold, and polymerizing at low temperature to obtain a hydrogel model;
s4: and extracting the three-dimensional blood vessel model from the hydrogel model to obtain the three-dimensional blood vessel network hydrogel.
The vascular filler comprises the following components in percentage by volume:
dibutyl phthalate: 1 to 2 percent of the total amount of the catalyst,
color paste: 5 to 10 percent of the total weight of the composition,
the balance being natural latex.
The hydrogel prepolymer comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
hydroxyethyl methacrylate: 4 to 6 percent of the total weight of the steel,
a crosslinking agent: 8 to 10 percent of the total weight of the steel,
initiator: 0.5 to 0.7 percent,
initiation accelerator (b): 0.3 to 0.5 percent.
The crosslinking agent comprises: at least one of N, N-methylenebisacrylamide, 2-hydroxyalkylamide, N-methylolacrylamide, diacetone acrylamide, formaldehyde, and glutaraldehyde.
The initiator comprises: at least one of ammonium persulfate, potassium persulfate, sodium persulfate, benzoyl peroxide, tert-butyl peroxybenzoate, and diisopropyl peroxydicarbonate.
The hair growth promoter comprises tetramethylethylenediamine.
The temperature of the low-temperature polymerization is-18 to-25 ℃. The time of low-temperature polymerization is more than or equal to 24 hours.
The construction method comprises the following steps: in step S3, the hydrogel model is washed. When cleaning, the hydrogel model is soaked in deionized water for 48h, and water is replaced every 12h to remove monomers and other impurities which do not participate in polymerization.
Example 2
In this example, an animal heart was taken as an example, and a three-dimensional vascular network hydrogel of the animal heart was constructed. The specific process is as follows:
s1: perfusing a vascular filler into a blood vessel of an isolated organ;
separating animal heart aorta, cutting a small opening in the aorta with scissors, inserting a glass rod, and infusing the prepared vascular filler into the pipeline with an injector until the small blood vessels on the surface of the heart are filled with the filler, which indicates that the pressure and the infusion amount are both sufficient;
s2: after the vascular filler perfused in the step S1 is hardened, the isolated organ tissue is stripped to obtain a three-dimensional vascular model of the isolated organ;
after the filler in the tube had hardened, the left and right coronary arteries were dissected under a microscope and trimmed to approximately 8mm long vessels.
S3: putting the three-dimensional blood vessel model into a mold, pouring hydrogel prepolymer into the mold, and polymerizing at low temperature to obtain a hydrogel model;
uniformly mixing 4.8% of hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) and 8.8% of N, N-Methylene Bisacrylamide (MBA), adding an accelerator Tetramethylethylenediamine (TEMED) and an initiator 10% of Ammonium Persulfate (APS) which respectively account for 0.3% -0.5% and 0.5% -0.7% of the total mass of the reaction mixed solution, uniformly stirring, pouring into a mold containing a three-dimensional vascular model, and carrying out low-temperature polymerization for 24 hours in a refrigerator at the temperature of-18 ℃ to-25 ℃. And soaking the mixture in deionized water for 48 hours (changing water every 12 hours) to remove monomers and other impurities which do not participate in polymerization. And extracting the blood vessel model.
S4: and extracting the three-dimensional blood vessel model from the hydrogel model to obtain the three-dimensional blood vessel network hydrogel.
Example of detection
The example tests the relevant performance of the three-dimensional vessel model and the three-dimensional vessel network hydrogel in the process of constructing the three-dimensional vessel network hydrogel of the animal heart in the example 2. The method specifically comprises the following steps:
three-dimensional vascular model tensile property detection
A three-dimensional blood vessel model with the length of about 30mm and the diameter of 0.1-0.6 mm is subjected to a tensile test by a material universal tester, the stress-strain curve is shown in figure 1, the clamping length is 25.510mm, and the tensile rate is 10 mm/min. And (3) measuring: percent strain at break 246.62%, maximum tensile strength 20.057MPa, and modulus of elasticity 35.8 Kpa. The three-dimensional blood vessel model has higher elongation at break and good elasticity, and is beneficial to the extraction of the blood vessel model from the hydrogel without causing the blood vessel model to break in the hydrogel.
Blood vessel model extraction test
After imaging the blood vessel model hydrogel containing 5-10% (v/v) of high-concentration color paste under a fluorescence microscope, extracting the blood vessel model, and after pouring 0.1-0.5% of FITC dye, imaging by the fluorescence microscope. The results are shown in FIG. 2.
As can be seen from fig. 2, after the blood vessel of the blood vessel model is extracted and the FITC dye is infused in an amount of 0.1-0.5%, the hydrogel three-dimensional blood vessel channel is smooth, which shows that the three-dimensional blood vessel model can be completely extracted without residue.
Infrared absorption Spectroscopy detection
Vacuum freeze drying the hydrogel forming the three-dimensional vascular network at-60 deg.C under-0.1 bar vacuum degree, mixing 2mg with 200mg potassium bromide, grinding, and pressing into sheet for infrared absorption spectrum detection. The results are shown in FIG. 3.
As can be seen from FIG. 3, the stretching frequencies of-OH, -CH, -C ═ O and-COH are 3404.65cm respectively-1、2951.22cm-1、1724.48cm-1、1453.73cm-1This is consistent with the number of hydroxyl ethyl methacrylate functional groups, indicating that the hydrogel is composed of hydroxyethyl methacrylate.
Self-assembly perfusion device
Assembling a perfusion device for subsequent biological cell experiments. Biological cell experiments refer to the subsequent biocompatibility testing.
The required component parts are first prepared: the side contains the culture dish of 3 pinholes, a disposable intravenous transfusion needle, 2 disposable intravenous blood taking needles, 1 medical syringe pump of single channel, 1 10ml syringe, medical sticky tape.
Assembling the components: firstly, 2 disposable venous blood sampling needles are inserted into a disposable venous transfusion needle at proper positions and fixed to form three transfusion channels, the three transfusion channels are inserted into a culture dish containing 3 needle holes, 3 pieces of hydrogel are fixed at the proper positions of the culture dish by using matrix glue, so that the needle holes are just positioned at the inlets of the channels, and the needle heads are fixed by using adhesive tapes. The disposable intravenous infusion needle is connected with a 10ml syringe (the inside is filled with cell culture medium) and is fixed on a medical infusion pump, the infusion pump is connected with a power supply, a switch is turned on, the infusion speed of the infusion pump is adjusted to be 200ul/h, and the infusion is started.
Three-dimensional vascular network biocompatibility detection
The primary cardiomyocytes with the density of 5 multiplied by 105/ml are inoculated in the three-dimensional vascular network hydrogel, and after 1 day, 3 days and 7 days of co-culture, the results are shown in figures 4-6.
As can be seen from fig. 4 to 6, when the cells were partially stretched after 1 day of co-culture, all the cells were fully stretched after 3 days of culture, no dead cells were seen in fig. 4 to 6, and when live and dead staining was performed using the cytotoxicity detection kit/cell proliferation detection kit, the balance average viable cell rates (n ═ 8) of 1, 3 and 7 were calculated to be 85.5%, 93.04% and 88.29%, respectively, and the viable cell rates were greater than 85% after 1 day, 3 days and 7 days, respectively, as shown in fig. 7, indicating that the three-dimensional vascular network hydrogel prepared in example 2 has good biocompatibility.
Claims (7)
1. A method for constructing three-dimensional vascular network hydrogel is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1: perfusing a vascular filler into a blood vessel of an isolated organ;
s2: after the vascular filler perfused in the step S1 is hardened, stripping the tissue of the isolated organ to obtain a three-dimensional vascular model of the isolated organ;
s3: putting the three-dimensional blood vessel model into a mold, pouring hydrogel prepolymer into the mold, and polymerizing at low temperature to obtain a hydrogel model;
s4: extracting the three-dimensional blood vessel model from the hydrogel model to obtain the three-dimensional blood vessel network hydrogel;
the vascular filler comprises the following components in percentage by volume:
dibutyl phthalate: 1 to 2 percent of the total amount of the catalyst,
color paste: 5 to 10 percent of the total weight of the composition,
the balance of natural latex;
the hydrogel prepolymer comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
hydroxyethyl methacrylate: 4 to 6 percent of the total weight of the steel,
a crosslinking agent: 8 to 10 percent of the total weight of the steel,
initiator: 0.5 to 0.7 percent,
initiation accelerator (b): 0.3 to 0.5 percent.
2. The method of construction according to claim 1, wherein the cross-linking agent comprises: at least one of N, N-methylenebisacrylamide, 2-hydroxyalkylamide, N-methylolacrylamide, diacetone acrylamide, formaldehyde, and glutaraldehyde.
3. The build method of claim 1, wherein the initiator comprises: at least one of ammonium persulfate, potassium persulfate, sodium persulfate, benzoyl peroxide, tert-butyl peroxybenzoate, and diisopropyl peroxydicarbonate.
4. The build method of claim 1, wherein the initiation promoter comprises tetramethylethylenediamine.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein the low temperature polymerization is carried out at a temperature of-18 to-25 ℃.
6. The construction method according to claim 1, wherein the time of the low-temperature polymerization is not less than 24 hours.
7. The building method according to claim 1, characterized in that the building method comprises: in step S3, the hydrogel model is washed.
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