CN110849818B - Microorganism non-visual imaging detection device and method - Google Patents

Microorganism non-visual imaging detection device and method Download PDF

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CN110849818B
CN110849818B CN201911079346.4A CN201911079346A CN110849818B CN 110849818 B CN110849818 B CN 110849818B CN 201911079346 A CN201911079346 A CN 201911079346A CN 110849818 B CN110849818 B CN 110849818B
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liquid crystal
microorganism
light
wave plate
crystal phase
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CN110849818A (en
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刘学峰
刘卫平
张衡
熊吉川
徐彬
刘娟
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Nanjing University of Science and Technology
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N21/00Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
    • G01N21/17Systems in which incident light is modified in accordance with the properties of the material investigated
    • G01N21/21Polarisation-affecting properties
    • GPHYSICS
    • G02OPTICS
    • G02BOPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B27/00Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
    • G02B27/28Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00 for polarising
    • G02B27/286Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00 for polarising for controlling or changing the state of polarisation, e.g. transforming one polarisation state into another

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Abstract

The application discloses a microorganism non-visual imaging detection device and a method, wherein the device comprises a light source, a polarizer, a liquid crystal phase retarder, a first wave plate, a first reflecting mirror, a collecting mirror, a culture dish, an objective lens, a second reflecting mirror, a second wave plate, an analyzer, an imaging lens, a camera, a liquid crystal controller and a computer. The method comprises the following steps: the light beam emitted from the light source is changed into linear polarized light through the polarizer, then enters a culture dish for placing a microorganism pattern after passing through the liquid crystal phase retarder and the first wave plate, the light beam transmitted by the culture dish enters the camera after passing through the objective lens, the second reflecting mirror, the second wave plate, the polarization analyzer and the imaging lens, in the process, the computer controls the liquid crystal controller to drive the liquid crystal phase retarder to modulate the polarization angle of the incident light, controls the camera to acquire a series of polarized images, and then calculates and obtains each parameter image of the microorganism pattern according to the images. The application can monitor the microorganism growth and culture process in real time without pattern processing, and has the advantages of multi-parameter high-resolution imaging and the like.

Description

Microorganism non-visual imaging detection device and method
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of optical detection, in particular to a non-visual imaging detection device and method for microorganisms.
Background
The research of microorganisms plays a vital role in the development of bioengineering, and many important biological problems are solved by taking microorganisms as research objects. Microbiology is one of the mainstay of molecular biology, and nearly half of the work in obtaining nobel physiology or medicine is related to microorganisms, and microorganisms also play a very significant role in contemporary industrial and agricultural production processes. The research results of the rules of the biological activities such as the morphological structure, the physiological biochemistry, the genetic variation, the ecological distribution, the classified evolution and the like of the microorganisms are widely applied to the practical fields such as industrial fermentation, medical sanitation, biological engineering, environmental protection and the like.
At present, methods and means for detecting microorganisms include fluorescence microscopy imaging, phase contrast microscopy imaging and the like in addition to Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM), scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) and the like. The Atomic Force Microscope (AFM) adopts probe scanning, and the imaging speed is low; scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) require special handling of the pattern, and the imaged pattern cannot be continuously cultivated; fluorescence microscopic imaging requires fluorescence labeling of the pattern, which risks contaminating the pattern; phase contrast microscopy imaging does not require manipulation of the pattern, but does not have sufficient structural resolution for microbiological nanometers.
Disclosure of Invention
The application aims to provide a microorganism non-visual imaging detection device and method which can monitor the microorganism growth culture process in real time, does not need pattern processing and has multi-parameter high-resolution imaging.
The technical solution for realizing the purpose of the application is as follows: the non-visual imaging detection device for the microorganisms comprises a light source, a polarizer, a liquid crystal phase retarder, a first wave plate, a first reflecting mirror, a collecting mirror, a culture dish, an objective lens and a second reflecting mirror, wherein the polarizer, the liquid crystal phase retarder, the first wave plate and the first reflecting mirror are coaxially arranged in sequence along the direction of light beams emitted by the light source; the camera is connected with the computer, and the liquid crystal phase retarder is connected with the computer through the liquid crystal controller; the polarizer, the liquid crystal phase retarder and the first wave plate are used for adjusting the polarization state and the polarization angle of the light beam emitted by the light source;
the outgoing beam of the light source sequentially passes through the polarizer, the liquid crystal phase retarder, the first wave plate, the first reflecting mirror and the condenser, then illuminates a microorganism pattern in the culture dish, and the light transmitted by the culture dish sequentially passes through the objective lens, the second reflecting mirror, the second wave plate, the polarization analyzer and the imaging lens and then forms an image on the target surface of the camera; in the process, the computer drives the liquid crystal phase retarder to carry out phase retardation on the light beam through the liquid crystal controller and controls the camera to acquire images.
The detection method based on the microorganism non-visual imaging detection device comprises the following steps:
step 1, constructing a microorganism non-visual imaging detection device;
step 2, turning on a light source, driving a liquid crystal phase retarder to work by a computer so as to modulate an outgoing light beam of the light source into linearly polarized light with a certain polarization angle, reflecting the linearly polarized light by a first reflecting mirror and a collecting mirror, then making the linearly polarized light enter a microorganism pattern arranged in a culture dish, and imaging the light transmitted by the culture dish on a target surface of a camera after passing through an objective lens, a second reflecting mirror, a second wave plate, an analyzer and an imaging lens in sequence, wherein the computer controls the camera to collect polarized images of the microorganism pattern;
step 3, the computer drives the liquid crystal phase retarder to periodically modulate the polarization angle of the light beam emitted by the light source, and simultaneously controls the camera to acquire images, so as to obtain a series of polarized images of the microorganism patterns and store the polarized images in the computer;
and 4, calculating the series of polarized images of the microorganism patterns by a computer to obtain each parameter image of the microorganism patterns, wherein each parameter image comprises a depolarization image, a phase difference image and an azimuth angle image.
Further, in step 4, the computer performs calculation processing on the series of polarized images of the microorganism pattern to obtain each parameter image of the microorganism pattern, including a depolarization map, a phase difference map and an azimuth angle map, where the adopted formulas are respectively as follows:
wherein I is dp Representing the depolarization map, delta being the phase difference,is azimuth angle alpha i For a certain polarization angle modulated by a liquid crystal phase retarder, I i For the polarization angle alpha i The corresponding light intensity transmitted by the culture dish is N, and N is the number of polarization angles modulated by the liquid crystal phase retarder.
Compared with the prior art, the application has the remarkable advantages that: 1) No style processing is required: by adopting an optical imaging method, the microorganism pattern can be directly observed without special treatment such as dyeing marks, gold-plating film conduction and the like, and the detection principle is simple; 2) Monitoring the microorganism growth culture process in real time: the liquid crystal phase retarder is adopted to carry out electro-optic modulation on the illuminating light beam, and the millisecond-level modulation imaging speed can track the changes of morphological structures and the like in the growth and development process of microorganisms in real time; 3) Multiparameter high-resolution imaging: by changing the polarization state and the polarization angle of the illumination light beam, images with different polarization states can be obtained, and multi-parameter images such as depolarization, phase difference, azimuth angle and the like can be obtained based on the images through calculation, so that more detail features of microorganisms are comprehensively reflected.
The application is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a microorganism non-visual imaging detection device.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of an imaging result of a single colpitis in an embodiment, wherein the diagrams (a) to (c) are respectively a depolarization diagram, an azimuth diagram and a phase difference diagram.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of an imaging result of the bacillus coltatus in the splitting phase in one embodiment, wherein the diagrams (a) to (c) are respectively a depolarization diagram, an azimuth diagram and a phase difference diagram.
Detailed Description
The present application will be described in further detail with reference to the drawings and examples, in order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present application more apparent. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the application.
Referring to fig. 1, the application provides a microorganism non-visual imaging detection device, which comprises a light source 1, a polarizer 2, a liquid crystal phase retarder 3, a first wave plate 4 and a first reflecting mirror 5 which are coaxially arranged in sequence along the direction of light beams emitted by the light source 1, a condensing mirror 6, a culture dish 7, an objective lens 8 and a second reflecting mirror 9 which are coaxially arranged in sequence along the direction of light reflected by the first reflecting mirror 5, and a second wave plate 10, an analyzer 11, an imaging lens 12 and a camera 13 which are coaxially arranged in sequence along the direction of light reflected by the second reflecting mirror 9; the camera 13 is connected with the computer 15, and the liquid crystal phase retarder 3 is connected with the computer 15 through the liquid crystal controller 14; the polarizer 2, the liquid crystal phase retarder 3 and the first wave plate 4 are used for adjusting the polarization state and the polarization angle of the light beam emitted by the light source 1;
the outgoing light beam of the light source 1 sequentially passes through the polarizer 2, the liquid crystal phase retarder 3, the first wave plate 4, the first reflecting mirror 5 and the condenser 6, then illuminates the microorganism pattern in the culture dish 7, and the light transmitted by the culture dish 7 sequentially passes through the objective lens 8, the second reflecting mirror 9, the second wave plate 10, the polarization analyzer 11 and the imaging lens 12 and then is imaged on the target surface of the camera 13; in this process, the computer 15 drives the liquid crystal phase retarder 3 through the liquid crystal controller 14 to perform phase retardation on the light beam, and controls the camera 13 to collect an image.
According to the microorganism non-visual imaging detection device, the polarization state and the polarization angle of the illumination light beam are changed through the polarizer, the liquid crystal phase retarder and the wave plate, microorganism pattern polarization images in different polarization states are recorded through the camera, and then each parameter image of the microorganism pattern is calculated based on a series of microorganism pattern polarization images in different polarization angles, wherein the parameter images comprise a depolarization image, a phase difference image and an azimuth angle image. The application can monitor the changes of the morphological structure and the like of the microorganism in real time in the microorganism culture process based on the millisecond-level electro-optic modulation speed, does not need to carry out fluorescent marking or gold-plating film conduction and the like treatment on the pattern, and has simple detection principle.
Further, in one of the embodiments, the liquid crystal controller 14 outputs a periodic voltage signal to drive the liquid crystal phase retarder 3 to perform phase retardation on the light beam.
Further, in one of the embodiments, the liquid crystal controller 14 outputs a periodic square wave voltage signal to drive the liquid crystal phase retarder 3 to perform phase retardation on the light beam.
Further, in one of the embodiments, the fast axis direction of the liquid crystal phase retarder 3 is at an angle of 45 ° to the linear polarization direction of the polarizer 2.
Further, in one of the embodiments, the fast axis direction of the first wave plate 4 forms an angle of 0 ° with the linear polarization direction of the polarizer 2.
Further, in one of the embodiments, the fast axis direction of the second wave plate 10 is at an angle of 45 ° to the linear polarization direction of the analyzer 11.
Further, in one embodiment, the polarizers 2 and 11 are visible light band linear polarizers.
Further, in one of the embodiments, the first wave plate 4 and the second wave plate 10 are achromatic wave plates of visible light wave bands.
The detection method based on the microorganism non-visual imaging detection device comprises the following steps:
step 1, constructing a microorganism non-visual imaging detection device;
step 2, turning on the light source 1, driving the liquid crystal phase retarder 3 by the computer 15 to work so as to modulate the emergent light beam of the light source 1 into linearly polarized light with a certain polarization angle, reflecting the linearly polarized light by the first reflecting mirror 5 and the collecting mirror 6, then making the linearly polarized light enter a microorganism pattern arranged in the culture dish 7, and imaging the light transmitted by the culture dish 7 on the target surface of the camera 13 after passing through the objective lens 8, the second reflecting mirror 9, the second wave plate 10, the analyzer 11 and the imaging lens 12 in sequence, wherein the computer 15 controls the camera 13 to collect polarized images of the microorganism pattern;
step 3, the computer 15 drives the liquid crystal phase retarder 3 to periodically modulate the polarization angle of the light beam emitted by the light source 1, and simultaneously controls the camera 13 to collect images, so as to obtain a series of polarized images of the microorganism patterns and store the polarized images in the computer 15;
and 4, calculating a series of polarized images of the microorganism patterns by the computer 15 to obtain each parameter image of the microorganism patterns, including a depolarization map, a phase difference map and an azimuth angle map.
As can be seen from fig. 2 and 3, the present application can obtain multi-parameter images with multiple observation dimensions and high resolution, and more comprehensively reflect more detailed characteristics of microorganisms.
Further, in one embodiment, in step 4, the computer 15 performs a calculation process on a series of polarized images of the microorganism pattern to obtain each parameter image of the microorganism pattern, including a depolarization map, a phase difference map, and an azimuth map, where the adopted formulas are respectively:
wherein I is dp Representing the depolarization map, delta being the phase difference,is azimuth angle alpha i For a certain polarization angle modulated by the liquid crystal retarder 3, I i For the polarization angle alpha i The corresponding light intensity transmitted by the petri dish 7, N is the number of polarization angles modulated by the liquid crystal phase retarder 3.
In conclusion, the application utilizes the high sensitivity of polarized light to the microbial micro-nano structure information, changes the polarization state and the polarization angle of the illumination light beam through the polarization elements such as the liquid crystal phase retarder and the like to obtain the polarized image of the microbial pattern under different polarization states, and compared with the existing other detection methods, the detection method has higher resolution and more observation dimensions, and the electro-optic modulation speed of the liquid crystal phase retarder in millisecond level enables the application to have the advantage of being capable of monitoring the change of the microbial morphological structure and the like in the microbial culture process in real time, and does not need special treatment such as fluorescent marking or gold plating film conduction to the pattern, and the detection principle is simple and easy to realize.
The technical features of the above embodiments may be arbitrarily combined, and all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are not described for brevity of description, however, as long as there is no contradiction between the combinations of the technical features, they should be considered as the scope of the description.
The above examples illustrate only a few embodiments of the application, which are described in detail and are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the application. It should be noted that it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the application, which are all within the scope of the application. Accordingly, the scope of protection of the present application is to be determined by the appended claims.

Claims (3)

1. A method for non-visual imaging detection of microorganisms, comprising the steps of:
step 1, constructing a microorganism non-visual imaging detection device;
step 2, turning on a light source (1), driving a liquid crystal phase retarder (3) to work by a computer (15) so as to modulate an emergent light beam of the light source (1) into linearly polarized light with a certain polarization angle, reflecting the linearly polarized light by a first reflecting mirror (5) and enabling the linearly polarized light to enter a microorganism pattern arranged in a culture dish (7), enabling the light transmitted by the culture dish (7) to sequentially pass through an objective lens (8), a second reflecting mirror (9), a second wave plate (10), an analyzer (11) and an imaging lens (12) and then imaging on a target surface of a camera (13), and controlling the camera (13) to acquire a polarized image of the microorganism pattern by the computer (15);
step 3, a computer (15) drives a liquid crystal phase retarder (3) to periodically modulate the polarization angle of the light beam emitted by the light source (1), and meanwhile, a camera (13) is controlled to acquire images, a series of polarized images of microorganism patterns are obtained and stored in the computer (15);
step 4, the computer (15) calculates the polarized images of the series of microorganism patterns to obtain each parameter image of the microorganism patterns, including a depolarization map, a phase difference map and an azimuth angle map;
the microorganism non-visual imaging detection device comprises a light source (1), a polarizer (2), a liquid crystal phase retarder (3), a first wave plate (4) and a first reflecting mirror (5) which are coaxially arranged in sequence along the direction of light beams emitted by the light source (1), a condensing mirror (6), a culture dish (7), an objective lens (8) and a second reflecting mirror (9) which are coaxially arranged in sequence along the direction of light reflected by the first reflecting mirror (5), and a second wave plate (10), a polarization analyzer (11), an imaging lens (12) and a camera (13) which are coaxially arranged in sequence along the direction of light reflected by the second reflecting mirror (9); the camera (13) is connected with the computer (15), and the liquid crystal phase retarder (3) is connected with the computer (15) through the liquid crystal controller (14); the polarizer (2), the liquid crystal phase retarder (3) and the first wave plate (4) are used for adjusting the polarization state and the polarization angle of the light beam emitted by the light source (1);
the outgoing light beam of the light source (1) sequentially passes through the polarizer (2), the liquid crystal phase retarder (3), the first wave plate (4), the first reflecting mirror (5) and the condenser (6), then illuminates a microorganism pattern in the culture dish (7), and the light transmitted by the culture dish (7) sequentially passes through the objective lens (8), the second reflecting mirror (9), the second wave plate (10), the polarization analyzer (11) and the imaging lens (12) and then is imaged on the target surface of the camera (13); in the process, a computer (15) drives a liquid crystal phase retarder (3) to carry out phase retardation on the light beam through a liquid crystal controller (14) and controls a camera (13) to acquire images; the liquid crystal controller (14) outputs a periodic voltage signal to drive the liquid crystal phase retarder (3) to delay the phase of the light beam;
the liquid crystal controller (14) outputs a periodic square wave voltage signal to drive the liquid crystal phase retarder (3) to perform phase retardation on the light beam;
the included angle between the fast axis direction of the liquid crystal phase retarder (3) and the linear polarization direction of the polarizer (2) is 45 degrees;
the included angle between the fast axis direction of the first wave plate (4) and the linear polarization direction of the polarizer (2) is 0 degree;
the included angle between the fast axis direction of the second wave plate (10) and the linear polarization direction of the analyzer (11) is 45 degrees;
the computer (15) performs calculation processing on the series of polarized images of the microorganism patterns to obtain each parameter image of the microorganism patterns, including a depolarization map, a phase difference map and an azimuth angle map, wherein the adopted formulas are respectively as follows:
in (1) the->Representing depolarization map, ">For the phase difference->For azimuth angle->A certain polarization angle modulated for the liquid crystal retarder (3), a certain polarization angle modulated for the liquid crystal retarder>Is polarization angle->The light intensity transmitted by the corresponding dish (7), ->The number of polarization angles modulated by the liquid crystal phase retarder (3).
2. The method for non-visual imaging detection of microorganisms according to claim 1, wherein the polarizer (2) and the analyzer (11) are linear polarizers in the visible light band.
3. A method of non-visual imaging detection of microorganisms according to claim 1, characterized in that said first wave plate (4) and second wave plate (10) are achromatic wave plates of the visible band.
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