CN110849721B - Protein fiber testing device - Google Patents
Protein fiber testing device Download PDFInfo
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- CN110849721B CN110849721B CN201910977519.8A CN201910977519A CN110849721B CN 110849721 B CN110849721 B CN 110849721B CN 201910977519 A CN201910977519 A CN 201910977519A CN 110849721 B CN110849721 B CN 110849721B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/08—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/02—Details
- G01N3/04—Chucks
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0014—Type of force applied
- G01N2203/0016—Tensile or compressive
- G01N2203/0017—Tensile
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
- G01N2203/026—Specifications of the specimen
- G01N2203/0262—Shape of the specimen
- G01N2203/0278—Thin specimens
- G01N2203/028—One dimensional, e.g. filaments, wires, ropes or cables
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Abstract
The invention provides a protein fiber testing device, comprising: a load sensing connection; the vertical adjusting device and the vertical maintaining device are arranged on two sides of the connecting rod and used for limiting the connecting rod; the connection stabilizing device is arranged at the lower part of the plumb adjusting device and is positioned at one side of the connecting rod; the upper chuck pneumatic pressure device is arranged at the lower part of the plumb maintaining device, is positioned at the other side of the connecting rod and is used for pneumatically expanding the upper clamping piece; the upper clamping device is sleeved on the connecting rod; an upper clamping device clamping force control device for controlling the upper clamping device; a lower clamping device opposite the upper clamping device; a lower clamping device clamping force control device for controlling the lower clamping device; and the lower chuck pneumatic pressure device is arranged at the lower part of the clamping force control device of the lower clamping device and is used for pneumatically opening the lower clamping piece. The invention can select proper clamping force according to the performance of the protein fiber, ensure that the protein fiber is not damaged by clamping injury, and ensure the success rate of the test.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of fiber clamps, in particular to a protein fiber testing device.
Background
The biological protein fiber is a novel fiber formed by natural protein or structural analogues thereof. Compared with chemical synthetic fiber, the biological protein fiber has good biocompatibility, can directly contact with human body, can be degraded, and can realize sustainable development without petroleum resource limitation in the production process, so that the research of the protein fiber is the focus of intense competition in various countries. At present, the preparation problem of protein fiber is greatly improved, researchers can prepare different kinds of protein fiber with different functions, but the test problem of the prepared protein fiber cannot be effectively solved. Mainly because the types of the protein fibers are different, the appearance and the specific performance of the protein fibers are different. The size of the protein fiber is micron-sized, the roughness of the surface is different, the mechanical properties are also different, and therefore, the test conditions also need to be different.
The existing single fiber testing machine basically only has uniform testing conditions for testing different fiber materials, and can not change the corresponding testing conditions according to the difference of fiber types and performances. Most testing machines only consider the testing of some conventional fibers, such as carbon fibers, polyester fibers, kevlar fibers, and the like, and no test fixture specially adapted for protein fibers appears. Among all the test conditions, one of the most important test conditions is the clamping control of the fiber by the fiber clamp, and the clamping control of the fiber has great influence on the fiber test result. The clamping force of the clamp is properly controlled, and the fiber can be normally tested; the clamping piece is too small, the clamping force is too large, and the fiber can be clamped and damaged or even crushed, so that the error of the test result of the fiber test part is increased; the clamping force is too small, so that the fiber slips in the testing process, and the testing fails.
Therefore, aiming at the condition that the clamping force of a common test fixture can not be changed along with the change of fiber performance, a device which can be suitable for protein fiber test needs to be designed, and the accuracy and the flexibility of the test device are improved.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of this, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a protein fiber testing apparatus, which has good accuracy and flexibility.
The invention provides a protein fiber testing device, comprising:
a load sensing connection; the load sensing connecting device comprises a connecting rod;
the vertical adjusting device and the vertical maintaining device are respectively arranged at two sides of the connecting rod and used for limiting the connecting rod;
the connection stabilizing device is arranged at the lower part of the plumb adjusting device and is positioned at one side of the connecting rod;
the upper chuck pneumatic pressure device is arranged at the lower part of the plumb maintaining device, is positioned at the other side of the connecting rod and is used for pneumatically expanding the upper clamping piece;
the upper clamping device is sleeved on the connecting rod;
an upper clamping device clamping force control device for controlling the upper clamping device;
a lower clamping device opposite the upper clamping device;
a lower clamping device clamping force control device for controlling the lower clamping device;
and the lower chuck pneumatic pressure device is arranged at the lower part of the clamping force control device of the lower clamping device and is used for pneumatically opening the lower clamping piece.
Preferably, the side wall of the connecting rod is fixed with an elastic metal sheet through a screw; the elastic metal sheet is simultaneously contacted with the connecting rod and the plumb maintaining device and used for controlling the whole testing device not to swing vertically.
Preferably, the plumb maintaining device comprises an adjusting knob and an elastic metal sheet inside; the connecting and stabilizing device comprises an adjusting knob and an external gasket.
Preferably, the upper clamping device comprises an upper lever clamping device and an upper clamping piece; the clamping piece comprises a hard clamping piece made of hard rubber material or a soft clamping piece made of elastic rubber material; the upper lever clamping device comprises a pressure lever and a fulcrum; the lower clamping device comprises a lower lever clamping device and a lower clamping piece; the lower clamping piece comprises a hard clamping piece made of hard rubber material or a soft clamping piece made of elastic rubber material; the lower lever clamping device comprises a pressure lever and a fulcrum.
Preferably, go up clamping device in set up the clamping piece in connecting rod one end for fixed immovable, for dismantling hard clamping piece, this clamping piece upper end plane attaches a layer soft rubber thin slice, increases miniature recess with the clamp face vertical direction, is convenient for during manual test fibre with the fibre spacing in the middle of the clamping piece, another clamping piece is selected from soft clamping piece or hard clamping piece.
Preferably, the hard clamping piece is a square metal block, a connecting metal rod is embedded in the hard clamping piece, and the clamping surface is a flat surface;
the soft clamping piece is a square metal block, a connecting metal rod is embedded in the soft clamping piece, a layer of soft elastic rubber is attached to the outer portion of the metal block, and the clamping surface is a flat surface.
Preferably, the lower clamping device comprises a lower clamping device fixing block and a carrying block; the lower clamping device fixing block is fixed on the supporting and carrying block through bolt connection and is detachable, the supporting and carrying block can precess up and down along the vertical direction, and the distance between the upper clamping device and the lower clamping device is controlled.
Preferably, the clamping force control device of the upper clamping device consists of a return spring, a metal rod of the upper clamping device penetrates through a metal block between a fulcrum of the pressure lever and the clamping piece and is fixed on the connecting rod, and the clamping force control device of the upper clamping device is arranged at the other end of the upper clamping device and is externally connected with a control computer; the clamping force control device of the lower clamping device is composed of a return spring, a metal rod of the lower clamping device penetrates through a metal block between a fulcrum of the pressure rod and the clamping piece and is fixed on the connecting rod, and the other end of the lower clamping device is a clamping force control device of the lower clamping device and is externally connected with a control computer.
Preferably, the upper chuck pneumatic pressure device comprises an air compression pump interface and an upper chuck pneumatic pressure device piston propelling block; the upper chuck pneumatic pressure device is connected with high-pressure air through an air compressor, acts on the compression bar roller through a piston type propelling block, and props up the naturally clamped upper clamping piece;
the lower chuck pneumatic pressure device comprises an air compression pump interface and a lower chuck pneumatic pressure device piston propelling block; the lower chuck pneumatic pressure device is connected with high-pressure air through an air compressor, acts on the compression bar roller through a piston type propelling block, and naturally clamps the lower clamping piece.
Preferably, the upper clamping device clamping force control device comprises an upper clamping device clamping force control block and an upper clamping device clamping force computer external connection line; the lower clamping device clamping force control device comprises a lower clamping device clamping force control block and a lower clamping device clamping force computer external connection line.
Compared with the prior art, the invention provides a protein fiber testing device, which comprises: a load sensing connection; the load sensing connecting device comprises a connecting rod; the vertical adjusting device and the vertical maintaining device are respectively arranged at two sides of the connecting rod and used for limiting the connecting rod; the connection stabilizing device is arranged at the lower part of the plumb adjusting device and is positioned at one side of the connecting rod; the upper chuck pneumatic pressure device is arranged at the lower part of the plumb maintaining device, is positioned at the other side of the connecting rod and is used for pneumatically expanding the upper clamping piece; the upper clamping device is sleeved on the connecting rod; an upper clamping device clamping force control device for controlling the upper clamping device; a lower clamping device opposite the upper clamping device; a lower clamping device clamping force control device for controlling the lower clamping device; and the lower chuck pneumatic pressure device is arranged at the lower part of the clamping force control device of the lower clamping device and is used for pneumatically opening the lower clamping piece. According to the invention, through the arrangement of the specific clamping device and the clamping force control device, when the protein fiber is tested, the proper clamping force can be selected according to the approximate performance of the selected protein fiber, so that the protein fiber is prevented from being damaged by clamping injury and clamping damage, and the success rate of the test is ensured. Meanwhile, the adjusting device, the maintaining device and the like can better maintain the vertical direction, the testing accuracy is improved, the pneumatic pressure device can effectively control the clamping and the opening of the added sheet, and the manual opening of the added sheet is not needed. The device is particularly suitable for testing the mechanical properties of various protein fibers, and can ensure the accuracy and success rate of the test.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a protein fiber testing apparatus;
FIG. 2 is a block diagram of the test apparatus when the pneumatic pressure device is activated;
FIG. 3 is a top view of the upper clamping device (cross section at fulcrum of the lever type clamping device);
FIG. 4 is a front view of a hard clip;
FIG. 5 is a front view of the soft jaw;
FIG. 6 is a 15N clamp force aramid fiber test curve;
FIG. 7 is a 50N clamp force aramid fiber test curve;
FIG. 8 is a graph of aramid tensile curve in the literature (Tarrantili P A, Androeopoulos A G. mechanical properties of epoxides with epoxide-linear amides fibers [ J ]. Journal of Applied Polymer Science,1997,65(2): 267-276.);
FIG. 9 is a hair testing curve;
FIG. 10 is a drawing curve of a hair line in the literature (Franbourg A, Hallegot P, Balteneck F, et al. Current research on technical hair [ J ]. Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology,2003,48(6): S115-S119.);
FIG. 11 is a silk test curve;
FIG. 12 is a graph of silk tensile curves in the literature (Marsano E, CorsinIP, Canettim, et al. regenerated cell-silk fiber blends [ J ]. International journal of biological macromolecules,2008,43(2): 106-;
FIG. 13 is a spider silk test curve;
FIG. 14 is a drawing curve of spider silk fibers in the literature (Peng Q, Zhang Y, Lu L, et al. recombinant needle silk from aqueous solutions via a bio-impregnated microfluidic chip [ J ]. Scientific reports,2016,6: 36473.).
Detailed Description
The invention provides a protein fiber testing device, comprising:
a load sensing connection; the load sensing connecting device comprises a connecting rod;
the vertical adjusting device and the vertical maintaining device are respectively arranged at two sides of the connecting rod and used for limiting the connecting rod;
the connection stabilizing device is arranged at the lower part of the plumb adjusting device and is positioned at one side of the connecting rod;
the upper chuck pneumatic pressure device is arranged at the lower part of the plumb maintaining device, is positioned at the other side of the connecting rod and is used for pneumatically expanding the upper clamping piece;
the upper clamping device is sleeved on the connecting rod;
an upper clamping device clamping force control device for controlling the upper clamping device;
a lower clamping device opposite the upper clamping device;
a lower clamping device clamping force control device for controlling the lower clamping device;
and the lower chuck pneumatic pressure device is arranged at the lower part of the clamping force control device of the lower clamping device and is used for pneumatically opening the lower clamping piece.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a protein fiber testing apparatus according to the present invention; FIG. 2 is a block diagram of the testing device during the start-up of the pneumatic pressing device of the present invention; FIG. 3 is a top view of the upper clamping device (cross section at fulcrum of the lever type clamping device); FIG. 4 is a front view of a hard clip; fig. 5 is a front view of the soft clip.
In FIGS. 1 to 5 of the present invention: 1. a load sensing connecting device, 2, a vertical adjusting device, 3, a connecting stabilizing device adjusting knob, 4, a connecting stabilizing device main body block, 5, a hard clamping piece containing a micro groove gasket, 6, an upper clamping piece, 7, a single fiber, 8, a lower clamping piece, 9, a lower clamping device connecting nut, 10, a lower clamping device fixing block, 11, a fiber clamp, 12, a lower clamping device carrying block, 13, a tension sensor connecting port, 14, an elastic metal sheet, 15, a vertical maintaining device, 16, an upper clamping device pneumatic pressure device piston propelling block, 17, an upper clamping device pneumatic pressure device, 18, an upper clamping device lever clamping block, 19, an upper clamping device clamping force control block, 20, an upper clamping device clamping force computer external connecting wire, 21, a lower clamping device lever clamping block, 22, a lower clamping device clamping force control block, 23, a lower clamping device clamping force computer external connecting wire, 24 and a lower clamping device pneumatic pressure device, 25. the lower chuck pneumatic pressure device comprises a piston propelling block, a hard clamping piece gasket processing groove, a hard clamping piece connecting rod, a soft clamping piece metal block, a soft clamping piece elastic rubber layer, a soft clamping piece connecting rod, a 32 clamping piece assembling nut, a clamping device lever clamping block fulcrum, a clamping force control device return spring and a 35 clamping force control device return spring connecting rod, wherein the piston propelling block is 26, the hard clamping piece gasket is 27, the hard clamping piece connecting rod is 29, the soft clamping piece metal block is 30, the soft clamping piece elastic rubber layer is 31.
The protein fiber testing device provided by the invention comprises a load sensing connecting device; the load sensing connecting device comprises a connecting rod and a tension sensor interface and is used for being connected with the sensor.
The load sensing connecting device is detachable, and the sensor metal rod is sleeved with the metal hole in the connecting device.
The protein fiber testing device provided by the invention comprises a vertical adjusting device and a vertical maintaining device which are respectively arranged at two sides of the connecting rod and used for limiting the connecting rod.
The vertical adjustment device is not limited in the present invention, but those skilled in the art can limit the connecting rod together with the vertical maintaining device.
The interior of the plumb maintaining device comprises an adjusting knob and an elastic metal sheet; one end of the elastic metal sheet is fixed on the load connecting rod through a screw and is leveled with the vertical adjusting device and the maintaining device when being naturally vertical.
When the load sensing connecting device is arranged along the vertical direction, the elastic metal sheet is in contact with the vertical direction and is in contact with the connecting rod, so that the whole connecting device does not swing vertically. Furthermore, the plumb maintaining device can finely adjust the external gasket by controlling the adjusting knob, so that the proper acting force is ensured when the external gasket is contacted with the load sensing connecting device.
The protein fiber testing device provided by the invention comprises a connection stabilizing device which is arranged at the lower part of the vertical adjusting device and is positioned at one side of the connecting rod.
The connection stabilizing device comprises an adjusting knob and an external gasket, and the external gasket can be finely adjusted by controlling the adjusting knob, so that overlarge acting force between the external gasket and the connecting rod is prevented.
The protein fiber testing device provided by the invention comprises an upper chuck pneumatic pressure device which is arranged at the lower part of the plumb maintaining device, is positioned at the other side of the metal rod and is used for pneumatically expanding an upper clamping piece.
The upper chuck pneumatic pressure device comprises an air compression pump interface and an upper chuck pneumatic pressure device piston propelling block; the upper chuck pneumatic pressure device is connected with high-pressure air through an air compressor, acts on the compression bar roller through a piston type propelling block, and props up the naturally clamped upper clamping piece;
the pneumatic pressure device is connected with high-pressure air through the air compressor, acts on the compression bar roller through the piston type propelling block, props open the naturally clamped clamping piece, and simultaneously is connected with the stabilizing device to act on the load sensing connecting rod to prevent the connecting rod from deviating from the vertical direction.
The protein fiber testing device provided by the invention comprises an upper clamping device sleeved on the metal rod.
According to the invention, the upper clamping device comprises an upper lever clamping device and an upper clamping piece. Go up clamping device and set up the clamping piece in connecting rod one end for fixed unmovable, for dismantling hard clamping piece, this clamping piece upper end plane attaches a layer soft rubber thin slice, increases miniature recess with clamp face vertical direction, is convenient for with fibre spacing in the middle of the clamping piece during manual test fibre, another clamping piece is selected from soft clamping piece or hard clamping piece. The clamping piece comprises a hard clamping piece made of hard rubber material or a soft clamping piece made of elastic rubber material; the upper lever clamping device comprises a pressing rod and a fulcrum. The clamping piece is in a clamping state in a natural state.
According to the invention, the hard clamping piece is a cube-shaped metal block, a metal rod is embedded and connected in the cube material, the metal rod is embedded in the cube material and plays a role of connecting a clamping device, and a clamping surface is a flat surface;
the soft clamping piece is square metal block, and the embedded connection metal rod that contains of this metal rod imbeds the metal block earlier, the outside attached one deck soft elastic rubber of metal block, the clamp face is the smooth surface.
The present invention is not limited to the above-described strut and fulcrum, and the like, and those skilled in the art will be familiar with the present invention.
The protein fiber testing device provided by the invention comprises an upper clamping device clamping force control device for controlling the upper clamping device.
The clamping force control device of the upper clamping device consists of a return spring, a metal rod of the upper clamping device penetrates through a metal block between a fulcrum of a pressure lever and a clamping piece and is fixed on the metal rod of the sensor, and the other end of the upper clamping device is provided with the clamping force control device of the upper clamping device and is externally connected with a control computer. Thereby controlling the clamping force.
The clamping force device controls the force of the clamping piece so as to enable the measuring result to be more accurate.
The protein fiber testing device provided by the invention comprises a lower clamping device opposite to the upper clamping device.
The lower clamping device comprises a lower lever clamping device and a lower clamping piece; the lower clamping piece comprises a hard clamping piece made of hard rubber material or a soft clamping piece made of elastic rubber material; the lower lever clamping device comprises a pressure lever and a fulcrum.
According to the invention, the hard clamping piece is a cube-shaped metal block, a metal rod is embedded and connected in the cube material, the metal rod is embedded in the cube material and plays a role of connecting a clamping device, and a clamping surface is a flat surface;
the soft clamping piece is square metal block, and the embedded connection metal rod that contains of this metal rod imbeds the metal block earlier, the outside attached one deck soft elastic rubber of metal block, the clamp face is the smooth surface.
The soft and hard clamping pieces are assembled with the clamping device through the connecting rod and can be disassembled and replaced, and the hard-hard clamping piece combination and the soft-hard clamping piece combination can be selected according to the measured protein fiber.
The lower clamping device also comprises a lower clamping device fixing block and a supporting and carrying block; the lower clamping device fixing block is fixed on the supporting and carrying block through bolt connection and is detachable, the supporting and carrying block can precess up and down along the vertical direction, and the distance between the upper clamping device and the lower clamping device is controlled.
The clamping piece arranged at one end of the fixing block in the lower clamping device is fixed and immovable and is a detachable hard clamping piece, and meanwhile, the clamping piece and the hard clamping piece fixed in the upper clamping device are in the same vertical direction. A layer of soft rubber slice is attached to the plane of the upper end of the clamping piece, a micro groove is added in the direction vertical to the clamping surface, so that the fiber is limited in the middle of the clamping piece when the fiber is manually tested, and the other clamping piece is selected from a soft clamping piece or a hard clamping piece. The clamping piece comprises a hard clamping piece made of hard rubber material or a soft clamping piece made of elastic rubber material; the upper lever clamping device comprises a pressing rod and a fulcrum. The clamping piece is in a clamping state in a natural state.
The protein fiber testing device provided by the invention comprises a lower clamping device clamping force control device for controlling the lower clamping device.
The clamping force control device of the lower clamping device is composed of a return spring, a metal rod of the lower clamping device penetrates through a metal block between a fulcrum of the pressure rod and the clamping piece and is fixed on the metal rod of the sensor, and the other end of the lower clamping device is a clamping force control device of the lower clamping device and is externally connected with a control computer. Thereby controlling the clamping force. The clamping force device controls the force of the clamping piece so as to enable the measuring result to be more accurate.
The protein fiber testing device provided by the invention comprises a lower chuck pneumatic pressure device which is arranged at the lower part of the clamping force control device of the lower clamping device and is used for pneumatically opening the lower clamping piece.
The lower chuck pneumatic pressure device comprises an air compression pump interface and a lower chuck pneumatic pressure device piston propelling block; the lower chuck pneumatic pressure device is connected with high-pressure air through an air compressor, acts on the compression bar roller through a piston type propelling block, and naturally clamps the lower clamping piece.
When the invention is used for testing the protein fiber, the proper clamping force can be selected according to the approximate performance of the selected protein fiber, thereby ensuring that the protein fiber is not damaged by clamping injury and ensuring the success rate of the test. The gasket with the micro groove is additionally arranged on the upper plane of the hard clamping piece, so that the fiber is limited in the middle of the clamping piece when the fiber is manually fed, and the accuracy of subsequent measurement is ensured. The pneumatic pressure device can effectively control the clamping and the opening of the added sheet without manually opening the added sheet. The clamping force control device can directly adjust the clamping force through computer input, and is convenient and rapid.
The invention provides a protein fiber testing device, comprising: a load sensing connection; the load sensing connecting device comprises a connecting rod; the vertical adjusting device and the vertical maintaining device are respectively arranged at two sides of the connecting rod and used for limiting the connecting rod; the connection stabilizing device is arranged at the lower part of the plumb adjusting device and is positioned at one side of the connecting rod; the upper chuck pneumatic pressure device is arranged at the lower part of the plumb maintaining device, is positioned at the other side of the connecting rod and is used for pneumatically expanding the upper clamping piece; the upper clamping device is sleeved on the connecting rod; an upper clamping device clamping force control device for controlling the upper clamping device; a lower clamping device opposite the upper clamping device; a lower clamping device clamping force control device for controlling the lower clamping device; and the lower chuck pneumatic pressure device is arranged at the lower part of the clamping force control device of the lower clamping device and is used for pneumatically opening the lower clamping piece. According to the invention, through the arrangement of the specific clamping device and the clamping force control device, when the protein fiber is tested, the proper clamping force can be selected according to the approximate performance of the selected protein fiber, so that the protein fiber is prevented from being damaged by clamping injury and clamping damage, and the success rate of the test is ensured. Meanwhile, the adjusting device, the maintaining device and the like can better maintain the vertical direction, the testing accuracy is improved, the pneumatic pressure device can effectively control the clamping and the opening of the added sheet, and the manual opening of the added sheet is not needed. The device is particularly suitable for testing the mechanical properties of various protein fibers, and can ensure the accuracy and success rate of the test.
The invention provides a protein fiber testing device, and a person skilled in the art can use the content of the text for reference and appropriately improve the process parameters to realize the test. It is expressly intended that all such similar substitutes and modifications apparent to those skilled in the art are deemed to be within the scope of the invention. While the methods and applications of this invention have been described in terms of preferred embodiments, it will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art that variations and modifications in the methods and applications described herein, as well as other suitable variations and combinations, may be made to implement and use the techniques of this invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
In order to further illustrate the present invention, a protein fiber testing device provided by the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the following examples.
Example 1: the invention comprises a load sensing connecting device, a plumb adjusting device, a plumb maintaining device, a pneumatic pressure device, a connecting and stabilizing device, an upper clamping device, a lower clamping device, a clamping force control device and a lower clamping head device.
In the specific embodiment, aramid fiber is taken as a test object, and the test mode is shown in figure 1
(1) The aramid fiber is hard, the surface is smooth, and the size is 10-20 mu m, so that the hard clamping pieces (figure 4) are selected firstly, and four clamping pieces are assembled to the upper clamping device and the lower clamping device in groups through the locking nuts 32. The clamping piece 5 with the miniature groove gasket can only be arranged on one side connected with the connecting rod, other three clamping pieces are arranged indiscriminately, and the clamping surface is polished to be flat by using sand paper, so that the clamping pieces are naturally clamped without gaps.
(2) The assembled upper clamping device and the load sensor 1 are sleeved 13 through the connecting rod, the connecting rod is fixed between the vertical adjusting device 2 and the maintaining device 15 through the elastic metal sheet 14, meanwhile, the whole upper clamping device is kept in the vertical direction between the upper clamping pneumatic pressure device 17 and the connection stabilizing device 4, and the adjusting knob of the vertical adjusting device 2 is adjusted to enable the force applied to the connecting rod to be proper.
(3) The lower clamping device is connected to the fixing block 10 through the connecting nut 9 and then assembled to the lower clamping device carrier block 12 through the locking nut 32.
(4) The clamping forces are selected to be 15N and 50N, respectively, where two are selected to be automatically adjusted in place by the adjusting means 19, 22 via direct input 20, 23 by computer software.
(5) The pneumatic pressure device 17 is started, the compressed air pushes the piston propulsion blocks 16 and 25 to act on the upper and lower compression bar rollers 18 and 21, and naturally clamped clamping pieces are unfolded. Meanwhile, the connecting and stabilizing device 4 is connected to stabilize the connecting rod against pressure swing, and the contact acting force can be controlled to be proper by the adjusting knob 3.
(6) And adjusting the carrying block 12 of the lower clamping device to precess up and down, and selecting a proper distance between the upper clamp and the lower clamp, namely measuring the length of the fiber.
(7) Straightening aramid fibers by using a proper fiber clamp 11, hanging the fibers at a clamping piece 5 with a miniature groove gasket by using a pair of tweezers, clamping the fibers in the middle of the clamping piece through a limiting groove, closing an upper pneumatic pressure device 17, and clamping an upper clamping piece 6. The upper and lower clamping pieces are in the same vertical direction, the lower starting pressure device 24 is closed, the lower clamping piece 8 is clamped, and the fiber is clamped between the clamping pieces.
(8) The tensile test can be started by starting the test program.
The results are shown in fig. 6 and 7, where fig. 6 shows a test using a clamping force of 15N and fig. 7 shows a test using a clamping force of 50N. The result shows that when the clamping force is 15N in FIG. 6, the aramid fiber has higher strength and is hard, and the friction force generated by the clamping force is lower than that of the aramid fiber, so that the obvious slipping phenomenon occurs; and the 50N clamping force in FIG. 7 is enough to prevent the fiber from slipping during the test process, and the obtained mechanical tensile strength of the fiber is more accurate and consistent with the report of the literature, such as FIG. 8.
Example 2: the invention comprises a load sensing connecting device, a plumb adjusting device, a plumb maintaining device, a pneumatic pressure device, a connecting and stabilizing device, an upper clamping device, a lower clamping device, a clamping force control device and a lower clamping head device.
Specific examples hair protein fibers were used as test subjects, and the test mode is shown in fig. 1.
(1) The hair protein fiber is relatively low in aramid strength and hardness, but belongs to harder protein fiber, has a smooth surface and a size of 50-100 mu m, so that the four clamping pieces are assembled to the upper and lower clamping devices in groups by selecting the hard clamping pieces (figure 4) and using the locking nuts 32. The clamping piece 5 with the miniature groove gasket can only be arranged on one side connected with the connecting rod, other three clamping pieces are arranged indiscriminately, and the clamping surface is polished to be flat by using sand paper, so that the clamping pieces are naturally clamped without gaps.
(2) The assembled upper clamping device and the load sensor 1 are sleeved 13 through the connecting rod, the connecting rod is fixed between the vertical adjusting device 2 and the maintaining device 15 through the elastic metal sheet 14, meanwhile, the whole upper clamping device is kept in the vertical direction between the upper clamping pneumatic pressure device 17 and the connection stabilizing device 4, and the adjusting knob of the vertical adjusting device 2 is adjusted to enable the force applied to the connecting rod to be proper.
(3) The lower clamping device is connected to the fixing block 10 through the connecting nut 9 and then assembled to the lower clamping device carrier block 12 through the locking nut 32.
(4) The appropriate clamping force (here 35N is selected) is selected and the adjusting devices 19, 22 are automatically adjusted in place by direct input 20, 23 of computer software.
(5) The pneumatic pressure device 17 is started, the compressed air pushes the piston propulsion blocks 16 and 25 to act on the upper and lower compression bar rollers 18 and 21, and naturally clamped clamping pieces are unfolded. Meanwhile, the connecting and stabilizing device 4 is connected to stabilize the connecting rod against pressure swing, and the contact acting force can be controlled to be proper by the adjusting knob 3.
(6) And adjusting the carrying block 12 of the lower clamping device to precess up and down, and selecting a proper distance between the upper clamp and the lower clamp, namely measuring the length of the fiber.
(7) Straightening hair fibers by using a proper fiber clamp 11, hanging the fibers at a clamping piece 5 with a micro groove gasket by using tweezers, clamping the fibers in the middle of the clamping piece through a limiting groove, closing an upper pneumatic pressure device 17, and clamping an upper clamping piece 6. The upper and lower clamping pieces are in the same vertical direction, the lower starting pressure device 24 is closed, the lower clamping piece 8 is clamped, and the fiber is clamped between the clamping pieces.
(8) The tensile test can be started by starting the test program.
The results are shown in fig. 9, where the curves shown do not belong to the slip curve, but to the obvious stretch curve of the protein fiber material. Because the strength and hardness of the hair silk protein are not as good as those of aramid fiber, the clamping force of the fixed 35N is enough to ensure that the fiber does not slip and is not pinched off in a fiber test, so that an accurate stretching curve is obtained and is consistent with the stretching curve in a literature report, as shown in figure 10.
Example 3: the invention comprises a load sensing connecting device, a plumb adjusting device, a plumb maintaining device, a pneumatic pressure device, a connecting and stabilizing device, an upper clamping device, a lower clamping device, a clamping force control device and a lower clamping head device.
In the specific embodiment, silk fiber is used as a test object, and the test mode is shown in figure 1.
(1) The silk fibers are softer than the hair, have a smooth surface and a size of 10-20 μm, and at this time, the hard clips (fig. 5) are still selected, and the four clips are assembled into upper and lower clamping devices in groups through the locking nuts 32. The clamping piece 5 with the miniature groove gasket can only be arranged on one side connected with the connecting rod, the other hard clamping piece is arranged on the fixed side of the lower clamping device, and the other three clamping pieces are arranged indiscriminately and the clamping surfaces are polished to be flat by using sand paper, so that the clamping pieces are clamped tightly without gaps.
(2) The assembled upper clamping device and the load sensor 1 are sleeved 13 through the connecting rod, the connecting rod is fixed between the vertical adjusting device 2 and the maintaining device 15 through the elastic metal sheet 14, meanwhile, the whole upper clamping head device is ensured to keep the vertical direction between the pneumatic pressure device 17 and the connection stabilizing device 4, and the adjusting knob 2 of the vertical maintaining device is adjusted, so that the acting force of the adjusting knob on the connecting rod is proper.
(3) The assembled lower clamp device is assembled to the lower clip head carrier block 12 by the lock nut 32.
(4) The appropriate clamping force (here 15N is selected) is selected and directly input via computer software 20, 23 and the adjustment devices 19, 22 automatically adjust to position.
(5) The pneumatic pressure device 17 is started, the compressed air pushes the piston propulsion blocks 16 and 25 to act on the upper and lower compression bar rollers 18 and 21, and naturally clamped clamping pieces are unfolded. Meanwhile, the connecting and stabilizing device 4 is connected to stabilize the connecting rod against pressure swing, and the contact acting force can be controlled to be proper by the adjusting knob 3.
(6) And adjusting the lower chuck carrying block 12 to precess up and down, and selecting a proper distance between the upper chuck and the lower chuck, namely measuring the length of the fiber.
(7) Straightening the spidroin protein fiber by using a proper fiber clamp 11, hanging the fiber at the clamping piece 5 with a miniature groove gasket by using a pair of tweezers, clamping the fiber in the middle of the clamping piece through a limiting groove, closing an upper pneumatic pressure device 17, and clamping an upper clamping piece 6. The upper and lower clamping pieces are in the same vertical direction, the lower starting pressure device 24 is closed, the lower clamping piece 8 is clamped tightly, and the fiber is clamped between the clamping pieces.
(8) The tensile test can be started by starting the test program.
The result is shown in fig. 11, the clamping force of 15N is selected to meet the non-slip requirement of the fiber test and not to damage the fiber, and an accurate silk fiber tensile curve can be obtained, and the result shows that the obtained tensile curve is consistent with the literature report, as shown in fig. 12.
Example 4: the invention comprises a load sensing connecting device, a plumb adjusting device, a plumb maintaining device, a pneumatic pressure device, a connecting and stabilizing device, an upper clamping device, a lower clamping device, a clamping force control device and a lower clamping head device.
Specific examples spidroin fibers were used as test subjects, and the test mode is shown in fig. 1.
(1) The fresh spidroin protein is soft in fiber, smooth in surface, and between 1-10 μm in size, so that the soft clip (fig. 5) is first selected and the four clips are assembled in groups to the upper and lower clamping devices by means of the locking nuts 32. The clamping piece 5 with the miniature groove gasket can only be arranged on one side connected with the connecting rod, the other hard clamping piece is arranged on the fixed side of the lower clamping device, and the other two soft clamping pieces are arranged on one side of the pressing rod of the clamping device, and the clamping surface is polished to be flat by using abrasive paper, so that the clamping pieces are clamped tightly without gaps.
(2) The assembled upper clamping device and the load sensor 1 are sleeved 13 through the connecting rod, the connecting rod is fixed between the vertical adjusting device 2 and the maintaining device 15 through the elastic metal sheet 14, meanwhile, the whole upper clamping head device is ensured to keep the vertical direction between the pneumatic pressure device 17 and the connection stabilizing device 4, and the adjusting knob 2 of the vertical maintaining device is adjusted, so that the acting force of the adjusting knob on the connecting rod is proper.
(3) The assembled lower clamp device is assembled to the lower clip head carrier block 12 by the lock nut 32.
(4) The appropriate clamping force (here 10N is selected) is selected and directly input via computer software 20, 23 and the adjustment devices 19, 22 automatically adjust to position.
(5) The pneumatic pressure device 17 is started, the compressed air pushes the piston propulsion blocks 16 and 25 to act on the upper and lower compression bar rollers 18 and 21, and naturally clamped clamping pieces are unfolded. Meanwhile, the connecting and stabilizing device 4 is connected to stabilize the connecting rod against pressure swing, and the contact acting force can be controlled to be proper by the adjusting knob 3.
(6) And adjusting the lower chuck carrying block 12 to precess up and down, and selecting a proper distance between the upper chuck and the lower chuck, namely measuring the length of the fiber.
(7) Straightening the spidroin protein fiber by using a proper fiber clamp 11, hanging the fiber at the clamping piece 5 with a miniature groove gasket by using a pair of tweezers, clamping the fiber in the middle of the clamping piece through a limiting groove, closing an upper pneumatic pressure device 17, and clamping an upper clamping piece 6. The upper and lower clamping pieces are in the same vertical direction, the lower starting pressure device 24 is closed, the lower clamping piece 8 is clamped tightly, and the fiber is clamped between the clamping pieces.
(8) The tensile test can be started by starting the test program.
The results are shown in fig. 13, and the selection of 10N clamping force can meet the requirements of no slippage and no damage to the fiber in the fiber test, and a relatively perfect tensile curve can be obtained, and the results show that the obtained test curve is consistent with the literature report, as shown in fig. 14.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, various modifications and decorations can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these modifications and decorations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. A protein fiber testing device, comprising:
a load sensing connection; the load sensing connecting device comprises a connecting rod;
the vertical adjusting device and the vertical maintaining device are respectively arranged at two sides of the connecting rod and used for limiting the connecting rod;
the connection stabilizing device is arranged at the lower part of the plumb adjusting device and is positioned at one side of the connecting rod;
the upper chuck pneumatic pressure device is arranged at the lower part of the plumb maintaining device, is positioned at the other side of the connecting rod and is used for pneumatically expanding the upper clamping piece;
the upper clamping device is sleeved on the connecting rod;
an upper clamping device clamping force control device for controlling the upper clamping device;
a lower clamping device opposite the upper clamping device;
a lower clamping device clamping force control device for controlling the lower clamping device;
the lower clamping head pneumatic pressure device is arranged at the lower part of the clamping force control device of the lower clamping device and is used for pneumatically opening the lower clamping piece;
the upper clamping device comprises an upper lever clamping device and an upper clamping piece; the clamping piece comprises a hard clamping piece made of hard rubber material or a soft clamping piece made of elastic rubber material; the upper lever clamping device comprises a pressure lever and a fulcrum; the lower clamping device comprises a lower lever clamping device and a lower clamping piece; the lower clamping piece comprises a hard clamping piece made of hard rubber material or a soft clamping piece made of elastic rubber material; the lower lever clamping device comprises a pressure lever and a fulcrum;
the side wall of the connecting rod is fixed with an elastic metal sheet through a screw; the elastic metal sheet is simultaneously contacted with the connecting rod and the plumb maintaining device and is used for controlling the whole testing device not to swing vertically;
the interior of the plumb maintaining device comprises an adjusting knob and an elastic metal sheet; the connection stabilizing device comprises an adjusting knob and an external gasket;
the clamping force control device of the upper clamping device consists of a return spring, a metal rod of the upper clamping device penetrates through a metal block between a fulcrum of the pressure lever and the clamping piece and is fixed on the connecting rod, and the clamping force control device of the upper clamping device is arranged at the other end of the upper clamping device and is externally connected with a control computer; the clamping force control device of the lower clamping device consists of a return spring, a metal rod of the lower clamping device penetrates through a metal block between a fulcrum of the pressure lever and the clamping piece and is fixed on the connecting rod, and the other end of the lower clamping device is a clamping force control device of the lower clamping device and is externally connected with a control computer;
the upper chuck pneumatic pressure device comprises an air compression pump interface and an upper chuck pneumatic pressure device piston propelling block; the upper chuck pneumatic pressure device is connected with high-pressure air through an air compressor, acts on the compression bar roller through a piston type propelling block, and props up the naturally clamped upper clamping piece;
the lower chuck pneumatic pressure device comprises an air compression pump interface and a lower chuck pneumatic pressure device piston propelling block; the lower chuck pneumatic pressure device is connected with high-pressure air through an air compressor, acts on the compression bar roller through a piston type propelling block, and naturally clamps the lower clamping piece.
2. The protein fiber testing device of claim 1, wherein the clamping piece of the upper clamping device disposed at one end of the connecting rod is a fixed and immovable clamping piece, and is a detachable hard clamping piece, the upper plane of the clamping piece is attached with a layer of soft rubber sheet, and a micro groove is added in a direction perpendicular to the clamping surface, so that the fiber is limited in the middle of the clamping piece when the fiber is tested manually, and the other clamping piece is selected from a soft clamping piece or a hard clamping piece.
3. The protein fiber testing device of claim 1, wherein the hard clamping piece is a square metal block, a connecting metal rod is embedded in the metal block, and the clamping surface is a flat surface;
the soft clamping piece is a square metal block, a connecting metal rod is embedded in the soft clamping piece, a layer of soft elastic rubber is attached to the outer portion of the metal block, and the clamping surface is a flat surface.
4. The protein fiber testing device of claim 1, wherein the lower clamping device comprises a lower clamping device fixing block and a carrier block; the lower clamping device fixing block is fixed on the supporting and carrying block through bolt connection and is detachable, the supporting and carrying block can precess up and down along the vertical direction, and the distance between the upper clamping device and the lower clamping device is controlled.
5. The protein fiber testing device of claim 1, wherein the upper clamping device clamping force control device comprises an upper clamping device clamping force control block and an upper clamping device clamping force computer external connection line; the lower clamping device clamping force control device comprises a lower clamping device clamping force control block and a lower clamping device clamping force computer external connection line.
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