CN110848710A - Photothermal medical garbage incinerator - Google Patents
Photothermal medical garbage incinerator Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN110848710A CN110848710A CN201810954095.9A CN201810954095A CN110848710A CN 110848710 A CN110848710 A CN 110848710A CN 201810954095 A CN201810954095 A CN 201810954095A CN 110848710 A CN110848710 A CN 110848710A
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- Prior art keywords
- incineration chamber
- medical waste
- photothermal
- pyrolysis incineration
- waste incinerator
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- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G7/00—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/02—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment
- F23G5/027—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment pyrolising or gasifying stage
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/08—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor having supplementary heating
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/44—Details; Accessories
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G2201/00—Pretreatment
- F23G2201/30—Pyrolysing
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G2209/00—Specific waste
- F23G2209/20—Medical materials
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Gasification And Melting Of Waste (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a photothermal medical waste incinerator which comprises an incinerator body and a solar light gathering device, wherein the incinerator body comprises an incinerator shell and a pyrolysis incineration chamber arranged in the incinerator shell, a bulk material upright post is arranged at the bottom of the pyrolysis incineration chamber, a spiral buffer plate is arranged on the bulk material upright post, a solar light gathering port is arranged at the bottom of the incinerator shell and is opposite to the bulk material upright post, the solar light gathering device is located right below the solar light gathering port, a feeding port and an exhaust pipe are arranged at the upper part of the pyrolysis incineration chamber, and an air inlet pipe and a slag discharge port are arranged at the lower part of the pyrolysis incineration chamber. The invention uses solar energy as a heat source, replaces a medical waste treatment method which adopts coal gas and fuel oil as heat sources, and reduces energy consumption; the photo-thermal temperature can reach 1600 ℃ instantly, the speed and the completeness of garbage cracking and burning are improved, coal gas and fuel oil are not needed, and the emission of waste gas and smoke dust is reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to medical waste incineration equipment, in particular to a photo-thermal medical waste incinerator.
Background
The treatment of medical waste and industrial hazardous waste in China is relatively serious. Medical waste includes used syringes, needles, tubing, gauze, vials, waste medical plastic, toxic cotton balls, waste dressings, surgical residues, animal experimental waste, light emulsions, waste developers, and the like. These wastes contain a large amount of infectious viruses and are breeding grounds for bacterial viruses.
The current main incineration treatment mode is as follows: the incinerator uses coal gas and fuel oil as combustion heat sources, the garbage is treated through high-temperature oxidation, namely, the garbage is combusted at high temperature, combustible waste in the garbage is converted into carbon dioxide, water and the like, and incinerated ash is collected and treated in a unified mode. The incinerator adopted by the gas and oil combustion method is easy to generate dioxin (600-800 ℃) due to low temperature in the incinerator (generally lower than 900 ℃, and the actual condition is only below 700 ℃), infectious viruses cannot be thoroughly treated (some infectious viruses can still survive at 1100 ℃), more than one third of combustible substances and partial bacteria still remain in the burnt garbage ash, the burnt garbage ash is buried as household garbage and can be separated out of the ground after a period of time, secondary pollution can still be caused to the environment, soil and water quality are affected after seepage, people and livestock are susceptible to diseases after drinking polluted water and quickly infect and spread, and even if the incinerator is packaged for centralized treatment, the pollutants are easily dispersed in the transportation process, so that secondary pollution to the environment is caused; in addition, a large amount of coal gas is consumed as a heat source for waste incineration, the cost is high, and waste gas is also generated in the coal gas combustion process to form a pollution source.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide the photothermal medical waste incinerator which is thorough in medical waste incineration, energy-saving and environment-friendly.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the utility model provides a light and heat medical waste burns burning furnace, includes furnace body and solar energy beam condensing unit, the furnace body includes the stove outer covering and locates the pyrolysis incineration chamber in the stove outer covering, pyrolysis incineration chamber bottom is equipped with the bulk cargo stand, be equipped with spiral buffering flitch on the bulk cargo stand, stove outer covering bottom is equipped with solar energy spotlight mouth, solar energy spotlight mouth is just right the bulk cargo stand, solar energy beam condensing unit is located solar energy spotlight mouth under, the upper portion of pyrolysis incineration chamber is equipped with feed inlet and blast pipe, and the lower part is equipped with intake pipe and row's cinder notch.
As a further improvement of the above technical solution, preferably, the top of the bulk material column is a cone.
As a further improvement of the above technical solution, preferably, the spiral buffer plate is detachably connected to the bulk material column.
As a further improvement of the above technical solution, preferably, a stainless steel furnace cover is arranged at the top of the furnace shell, the feed port is located on the stainless steel furnace cover, and the feed port is provided with a feed valve.
As a further improvement of the above technical solution, preferably, the exhaust pipe is located at the top of the pyrolysis incineration chamber and extends into the pyrolysis incineration chamber.
As a further improvement of the above technical solution, preferably, the air inlet pipes are arranged in two groups, each group is provided with at least one air inlet pipe, and the two groups are arranged on two side walls of the pyrolysis incineration chamber.
As a further improvement of the above technical solution, preferably, thermocouples are disposed on both the upper portion and the lower portion of the furnace shell, the thermocouples penetrate through the furnace shell and extend into the pyrolysis incineration chamber, and a protective sleeve is sleeved on the thermocouples.
As a further improvement of the above technical solution, preferably, the slag discharge port is located at the bottom of the furnace shell, and a heating wire is arranged in the slag discharge port.
As a further improvement of the above technical solution, preferably, a silicon carbide lining is arranged between the pyrolysis incineration chamber and the furnace shell, the furnace shell includes a metal shell and a heat insulation layer, and the heat insulation layer is located between the metal shell and the silicon carbide lining.
As a further improvement of the above technical solution, preferably, the solar device includes a condenser and a light-following device capable of adjusting a condensing angle of the condenser.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
the photo-thermal medical waste incinerator can realize the collection and release of solar energy through the solar energy light-gathering device, heat the medical waste to 1600 ℃ at the highest moment, and is beneficial to the cracking of organic waste and the quick melting of inorganic waste; the cracked gas is subjected to photo-thermal secondary combustion to form carbon dioxide and water, and auxiliary gases (such as sulfur dioxide and the like) generated during gas combustion cannot be generated, so that the aim of complete garbage combustion is fulfilled; the solar energy is adopted as a heat source, and a medical waste treatment method adopting coal gas and fuel oil as heat sources is replaced, so that the energy consumption is reduced, and the incineration cost can be reduced; the photo-thermal temperature can reach 1600 ℃ instantly, so that the speed and the completeness of garbage cracking and incineration are improved, coal gas and fuel oil are not needed, the emission of waste gas and smoke dust is reduced, and the energy conservation and the environmental protection are realized.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention.
The reference numerals in the figures denote:
1. a solar energy condensing device; 2. a furnace shell; 21. a solar light-gathering port; 22. a stainless steel furnace cover; 23. a metal housing; 24. a heat insulation layer; 3. a pyrolysis incineration chamber; 4. bulk material upright columns; 5. a spiral buffer material plate; 61. a feed inlet; 62. an exhaust pipe; 63. an air inlet pipe; 64. a slag discharge port; 65. a feed valve; 66. heating wires; 7. a thermocouple; 8. a silicon carbide liner.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the figures and specific examples of the specification.
As shown in fig. 1, the photothermal medical waste incinerator of this embodiment, including furnace body and solar light focusing device 1, the furnace body includes stove outer covering 2 and locates the pyrolysis incineration chamber 3 in the stove outer covering 2, pyrolysis incineration chamber 3 bottom is equipped with bulk cargo stand 4, be equipped with spiral buffering flitch 5 on the bulk cargo stand 4, stove outer covering 2 bottom is equipped with solar light focusing mouth 21, solar light focusing mouth 21 is just to bulk cargo stand 4, solar light focusing device 1 is located solar light focusing mouth 21 under, transmit the solar energy of collecting on bulk cargo stand 4 from solar light focusing mouth 21, gather heat energy on radiant heat/bulk cargo pile. The upper part of the pyrolysis incineration chamber 3 is provided with a feed inlet 61 and an exhaust pipe 62, and the lower part is provided with an inlet pipe 63 and a slag discharge port 64.
The material gets into pyrolysis incineration chamber 3 from feed inlet 61, from top to bottom form the accumulation of material heap in pyrolysis incineration chamber 3, because solar energy spotlight mouth 21 is located the bottom of furnace body, solar energy spotlight device 1 transmits the solar energy of collecting on solar energy spotlight mouth 21 transmits bulk cargo stand 4, bulk cargo stand 4 is in the lower part of pyrolysis incineration chamber 3, consequently, 3 lower part materials of pyrolysis incineration chamber burn, upper portion material pyrolysis, intake pipe 63 burns the department to the bottom and lets in the air, provide the required oxygen of material burning, exhaust pipe 62 lets in tail gas treatment system with the waste gas that the material pyrolysis was burned, carry out corresponding processing. The bulk material stand column 4 is used for gathering heat energy on the bulk material pile of the pyrolysis incineration chamber 3 to provide a pyrolysis incineration heat source, and the spiral buffer plate 5 can buffer blanking and simultaneously flows out a part of space for the lower incineration area to facilitate material incineration. As shown in fig. 1, the path of the sunlight is indicated by arrows.
The device can realize the collection and release of solar energy through the solar energy condensation device 1, heat the medical garbage to 1600 ℃ at the highest moment, and is beneficial to the cracking of organic garbage and the quick melting of inorganic garbage; the cracked gas is subjected to photo-thermal secondary combustion to form carbon dioxide and water, and auxiliary gases (such as sulfur dioxide and the like) generated during gas combustion cannot be generated, so that the aim of complete garbage combustion is fulfilled; the solar energy is adopted as a heat source, and a medical waste treatment method adopting coal gas and fuel oil as heat sources is replaced, so that the energy consumption is reduced, and the incineration cost can be reduced; the photo-thermal temperature can reach 1600 ℃ instantly, so that the speed and the completeness of garbage cracking and incineration are improved, coal gas and fuel oil are not needed, the emission of waste gas and smoke dust is reduced, and the energy conservation and the environmental protection are realized.
In this embodiment, the top of the bulk material column 4 is a cone, and the cone has the function of scattering the material to prevent the material from being accumulated at one position.
In this embodiment, the top of the furnace shell 2 is provided with the stainless steel furnace cover 22, and the stainless steel furnace cover is made of stainless steel materials, so that the furnace top can be clamped, the furnace top can be quickly assembled and disassembled, the maintenance equipment is convenient, the feed port 61 is located on the stainless steel furnace cover 22, the feed port 61 is provided with the feed valve 65, the furnace top can be opened in real time, the feed valve 65 can be designed to quantitatively supply materials, the feeding equipment (not shown in the figure) needs to be isolated from the atmosphere, and the atmosphere pollution caused by waste gas discharge during.
In this embodiment, the exhaust pipe 62 is located at the top of the pyrolysis incineration chamber 3 and extends to the upper portion inside the pyrolysis incineration chamber 3, so as to facilitate quick discharge.
In this embodiment, the air inlet pipes 63 are provided in two sets, each set having at least one air inlet pipe 63, and the two sets are provided on two sidewalls of the pyrolysis incineration chamber 3. The inlet air is air, the fan is needed for air supply, and the supplied air acts on the material burning surface after pyrolysis to provide oxygen required by material burning. The extending length of the air inlet pipe 63 determines the height of the incineration surface, so the optimal air inlet mode is lower air inlet, bottom air inlet is not adopted, and the phenomenon that dust generated after bottom materials are incinerated enters the pipe to block the pipe is avoided.
In this embodiment, thermocouples 7 are disposed on both the upper portion and the lower portion of the furnace shell 2, the thermocouples 7 penetrate through the furnace shell 2 and extend into the pyrolysis incineration chamber 3, and the thermocouples 7 are sleeved with protective sleeves. The pyrolysis incineration chamber 3 is divided into an upper part and a lower part (the upper part is controlled to be pyrolysis optimal temperature, the lower part is controlled to be incineration optimal temperature) through the bulk material upright post 4 and the spiral buffer material plate 5, temperature is measured on the upper part and the lower part respectively through the thermocouple 7 with the protective sleeve, and then the condensation capacity of the solar condensation device 1 and the sizes of the air inlet and the air outlet are adjusted in a closed loop mode, so that the purpose of controlling the temperature of the pyrolysis incineration chamber 3 is achieved.
In this embodiment, the slag discharge port 64 is located at the bottom of the furnace shell 2, a heating wire 66 is disposed in the slag discharge port 64, inorganic substances (silica glassware, etc.) after pyrolysis and incineration can bring part of slag to flow out through the slag discharge port 64, and the slag discharge port 64 needs to be provided with an auxiliary heating function to prevent slag from being frozen and blocked in the slag discharge port 64.
In this embodiment, be equipped with carborundum inside lining 8 between pyrolysis incineration chamber 3 and the stove outer covering 2, stove outer covering 2 includes metal casing 23 and thermal-insulated heat preservation 24, and thermal-insulated heat preservation 24 is located between metal casing 23 and the carborundum inside lining 8, and metal casing 23 is the stainless steel tube barrel, and the stove bottom can be dismantled, but carborundum inside lining 8 and the lateral wall carborundum inside lining 8 accurate positioning and the sol of stove bottom are sealed. According to the service temperature of the equipment, the interior of the furnace is made of high heat storage materials, the exterior of the furnace is made of high heat resistance low heat storage materials, the internal heat insulation performance is good, and the temperature of the furnace shell 2 is low. The feeding of the spiral buffer material plate 5 can also play a role in material buffering so as not to cause stress damage to the silicon carbide lining 8 at the bottom. The spiral buffer material plate 5 and the bulk material upright post 4 are independently fixed on the detachable furnace bottom. The spiral buffer plate 5 and the bulk material upright post 4 are detachably connected, so that the replacement is convenient.
In this embodiment, the solar device 1 includes a condenser and a light-following device that can adjust a condensing angle of the condenser. A condenser: mainly comprises a plane reflector, a Fresnel lens and a black box. Sunlight is reflected to a Fresnel lens through a plane mirror in a black box, the Fresnel lens is equivalent to a visible light or infrared convex lens, light can be focused on one point, the point can reach a high temperature of 1600 ℃ instantly, and the energy provided by a condenser is mainly achieved by adjusting the capacity of a device. A light-following device: mainly comprises a brightness sensor, a closed-loop PID control module and a three-axis mechanical rotation device. The brightness sensor obtains the sunlight intensity data collected by the condenser, and then the position of the three-axis mechanical rotation device is adjusted through the closed-loop PID control module to reach the optimal angle of the condenser, so that the power of the condenser is adjusted. The condenser and the light-following device of the present embodiment are both common condenser and light-following device existing in the market.
The main parameters of the incinerator of the embodiment are as follows:
maximum temperature: 1600 ℃.
Working temperature range: 900-1300 ℃.
Typical operating temperatures are: pyrolyzing at 900-1000 deg.c and incinerating at 1000-1300 deg.c.
Temperature control: and closed-loop PID temperature control is combined with air intake and exhaust.
Heat source: a solar concentrator 1.
Although the present invention has been described with reference to the preferred embodiments, it is not intended to be limited thereto. Those skilled in the art can make numerous possible variations and modifications to the present invention, or modify equivalent embodiments to equivalent variations, without departing from the scope of the invention, using the teachings disclosed above. Therefore, any simple modification, equivalent change and modification made to the above embodiments according to the technical spirit of the present invention should fall within the protection scope of the technical scheme of the present invention, unless the technical spirit of the present invention departs from the content of the technical scheme of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a light and heat medical waste burns burning furnace which characterized in that: including furnace body and solar light focusing device (1), the furnace body includes stove outer covering (2) and locates pyrolysis incineration chamber (3) in stove outer covering (2), pyrolysis incineration chamber (3) bottom is equipped with bulk cargo stand (4), be equipped with spiral buffering flitch (5) on bulk cargo stand (4), stove outer covering (2) bottom is equipped with solar energy and gathers light mouthful (21), solar energy gathers light mouthful (21) just right bulk cargo stand (4), solar light focusing device (1) is located solar energy and gathers light mouthful (21) under, the upper portion of pyrolysis incineration chamber (3) is equipped with feed inlet (61) and blast pipe (62), and the lower part is equipped with intake pipe (63) and row cinder notch (64).
2. The photothermal medical waste incinerator according to claim 1, wherein: the top of the bulk material upright post (4) is a cone.
3. The photothermal medical waste incinerator according to claim 1, wherein: the spiral buffer material plate (5) is detachably connected with the bulk material upright post (4).
4. The photothermal medical waste incinerator according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein: the furnace shell (2) top is equipped with stainless steel bell (22), feed inlet (61) are located stainless steel bell (22), and feed inlet (61) are equipped with feed valve (65).
5. The photothermal medical waste incinerator according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein: the exhaust pipe (62) is positioned at the top of the pyrolysis incineration chamber (3) and extends into the pyrolysis incineration chamber (3).
6. The photothermal medical waste incinerator according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein: the air inlet pipes (63) are arranged into two groups, each group is provided with at least one air inlet pipe (63), and the two groups are arranged on two side walls of the pyrolysis incineration chamber (3).
7. The photothermal medical waste incinerator according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein: the upper portion and the lower part of stove outer covering (2) all are equipped with thermocouple (7), thermocouple (7) run through stove outer covering (2) and extend to pyrolysis incineration chamber (3) in, the cover is equipped with protective case on thermocouple (7).
8. The photothermal medical waste incinerator according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein: the slag discharge port (64) is positioned at the bottom of the furnace shell (2), and a heating wire (66) is arranged in the slag discharge port (64).
9. The photothermal medical waste incinerator according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein: be equipped with carborundum inside lining (8) between pyrolysis incineration chamber (3) and stove outer covering (2), stove outer covering (2) are including metal casing (23) and thermal-insulated heat preservation (24), thermal-insulated heat preservation (24) are located between metal casing (23) and carborundum inside lining (8).
10. The photothermal medical waste incinerator according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein: the solar device (1) comprises a condenser and a light-following device capable of adjusting the condensing angle of the condenser.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810954095.9A CN110848710A (en) | 2018-08-21 | 2018-08-21 | Photothermal medical garbage incinerator |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201810954095.9A CN110848710A (en) | 2018-08-21 | 2018-08-21 | Photothermal medical garbage incinerator |
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| CN110848710A true CN110848710A (en) | 2020-02-28 |
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| CN201810954095.9A Pending CN110848710A (en) | 2018-08-21 | 2018-08-21 | Photothermal medical garbage incinerator |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112066389A (en) * | 2020-09-08 | 2020-12-11 | 大连理工大学 | Vehicle-mounted garbage disposal system and method utilizing solar energy |
| CN112555849A (en) * | 2020-12-15 | 2021-03-26 | 东方电气洁能科技成都有限公司 | Horizontal plasma melting furnace |
| CN112747324A (en) * | 2020-12-24 | 2021-05-04 | 山东大学 | Closed farmland solid waste roasting treatment system and treatment method |
| CN113462421A (en) * | 2021-07-30 | 2021-10-01 | 重庆大学 | Pyrolysis method for heating medical waste or waste plastic by molten salt |
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| CN207279654U (en) * | 2017-09-30 | 2018-04-27 | 太仓市南杨农场专业合作社 | A kind of solar energy campanulaceae burns tower |
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| US4549528A (en) * | 1984-02-21 | 1985-10-29 | Focus Environmental Systems | Method and apparatus for solar destruction of toxic and hazardous materials |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112066389A (en) * | 2020-09-08 | 2020-12-11 | 大连理工大学 | Vehicle-mounted garbage disposal system and method utilizing solar energy |
| CN112555849A (en) * | 2020-12-15 | 2021-03-26 | 东方电气洁能科技成都有限公司 | Horizontal plasma melting furnace |
| CN112747324A (en) * | 2020-12-24 | 2021-05-04 | 山东大学 | Closed farmland solid waste roasting treatment system and treatment method |
| CN112747324B (en) * | 2020-12-24 | 2022-04-15 | 山东大学 | Closed farmland solid waste roasting treatment system and treatment method |
| CN113462421A (en) * | 2021-07-30 | 2021-10-01 | 重庆大学 | Pyrolysis method for heating medical waste or waste plastic by molten salt |
| CN113462421B (en) * | 2021-07-30 | 2023-03-28 | 重庆大学 | Pyrolysis method for heating medical waste or waste plastic by molten salt |
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Effective date of registration: 20201204 Address after: 410000, 1 / F, microelectronic equipment center building, 1025 xinkaipu Road, Tianxin District, Changsha City, Hunan Province Applicant after: Hunan ShuoKe thermal Intelligent Equipment Co.,Ltd. Address before: 410111, No. 1025, paving road, Tianxin District, Hunan, Changsha Applicant before: 48TH RESEARCH INSTITUTE OF CHINA ELECTRONICS TECHNOLOGY Group Corp. |
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