CN110836831B - Coaxiality adjusting device and method for testing machine - Google Patents
Coaxiality adjusting device and method for testing machine Download PDFInfo
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- CN110836831B CN110836831B CN201911211414.8A CN201911211414A CN110836831B CN 110836831 B CN110836831 B CN 110836831B CN 201911211414 A CN201911211414 A CN 201911211414A CN 110836831 B CN110836831 B CN 110836831B
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/62—Manufacturing, calibrating, or repairing devices used in investigations covered by the preceding subgroups
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B5/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of mechanical techniques
- G01B5/24—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of mechanical techniques for measuring angles or tapers; for testing the alignment of axes
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- G01N2203/0017—Tensile
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- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
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- G01N2203/067—Parameter measured for estimating the property
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
- G01N2203/06—Indicating or recording means; Sensing means
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Abstract
The invention relates to a coaxiality adjusting device and method for a testing machine, and belongs to the field of coaxiality calibration. The whole vertical tensile testing machine comprises a main shaft loading chain, a coaxiality adjusting mechanism, a detecting and feedback mechanism and a frame, wherein the coaxiality adjusting mechanism is arranged on the main shaft loading chain, the main shaft loading chain is arranged on the frame, and the detecting and feedback mechanism is arranged on the frame and used for detecting and controlling the adjustment quantity. The device can adjust three degrees of freedom of the loading chain, indexes the adjusting shaft, enables the adjusting quantity to reach 0.01 mm/grid, enables the adjusting range to be +/-1 mm, can achieve unidirectional stretching on a uniaxial tensile testing machine, can be additionally provided with a set of adjusting device to achieve bidirectional stretching centering adjustment, is high in adaptability, can be matched with clamps or loading chains with different diameters, is small in space occupation, is simple to operate, can be adjusted repeatedly, can improve experimental precision, and enables measurement data to be more accurate.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of coaxiality calibration, in particular to a coaxiality adjusting device and method for a testing machine, which are arranged on the testing machine to calibrate the coaxiality of a loading chain.
Background
Along with the development of economy and technology, the industry of the testing machine is as same as spring bamboo shoots after raining, the testing machine for various purposes is continuously developed, can measure the mechanical property, the technological property, the internal defect, the dynamic unbalance of the rotary parts and the like of the materials, and is widely applied to the fields of mechanical industry and the like. The traditional coaxiality adjustment mode of the testing machine is manual adjustment, but the manual adjustment is low in efficiency, different in standard, limited in adjustment amount and easy to cause the results of damage, substandard precision, poor stability and the like of the testing machine, so that the coaxiality adjustment device for the testing machine is designed for solving the problems.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a coaxiality adjusting device and method for a testing machine, which solve the problem that the coaxiality of a loading chain of the existing testing machine needs to be adjusted in real time because the loading chain is detached, and fill the blank of the prior art to a certain extent. The invention can be provided with other types of testing machines such as a compression testing machine, a torsion testing machine, a bending testing machine, a universal testing machine and the like; the matched clamp has various types, small space occupation, simple operation and repeated adjustment; simultaneously, the adjusting shaft is divided to enable the adjusting quantity to reach 0.01mm and the adjusting range to be large (+ -0.5 mm); the device and the clamp selecting table can realize three degrees of freedom adjustment (the loading chain installation plane and the axial rotation of the loading chain); parts with high requirements on quick-wear parts (center, pin bush, pin shaft and the like) and positioning accuracy in the adjusting device are all of standardized design, and easy-to-work parts such as pin bush and the like and standard parts are adopted; the device has strong adaptability, and the loading chains with different shaft diameters are installed by adjusting the sizes of the parent body and other components; the connection loading chain adopts flange connection to improve the strength and eliminate the gap; each middle adjusting block is positioned by two pin shafts on the parent body and the lower surface of the parent body (one side is provided with two pins); the invention is arranged on the testing machine, not only can realize unidirectional stretching on the uniaxial stretching testing machine, but also can be additionally provided with a set of adjusting device to realize bidirectional stretching, thereby improving the experimental precision and ensuring more accurate measurement data.
The above object of the present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions:
The coaxiality adjusting device for the testing machine is integrally arranged on the vertical tensile testing machine and comprises a main shaft loading chain, a coaxiality adjusting mechanism, a detecting and feedback mechanism and a frame, wherein the coaxiality adjusting mechanism is arranged on the main shaft loading chain, the main shaft loading chain is arranged on the frame, and the detecting and feedback mechanism is arranged on the frame to detect and control the adjustment quantity.
The spindle loading chain is: the electric cylinder 19 is arranged on the upper top cover 21, the electric cylinder connecting shaft 23 is arranged on the output shaft of the electric cylinder 19, the six-dimensional force sensor 1 is arranged on the electric cylinder connecting shaft 23, and the six-dimensional force sensor 1 is positioned on the electric cylinder connecting shaft 23 through the positioning pin 9; the parent body 3 of the coaxiality adjusting mechanism is arranged at the other end of the six-dimensional force sensor 1, the clamp connecting shaft 8 is arranged on the parent body 3 through the main shaft connecting bolt 12, and the upper clamp 13 is arranged on the clamp connecting shaft 8; the test piece 16 is installed in the upper clamp 13 by the cover plate 14 in a pressing mode, the lower clamp 17 is installed on the supporting seat 18 through a flange, the supporting seat 18 is installed on the rotary table 26 through a flange, and the rotary table 26 is installed on the lower platform 24 through a flange.
The coaxiality adjusting mechanism is as follows: the four adjusting shafts 4 are arranged on the parent body 3, the thrust ball bearings 5 are arranged in the middle adjusting block 6, the pin shaft sleeve 27 is arranged on the parent body 3, and the positioning pins 9 are arranged on the pin shaft sleeve 27; the middle adjusting block 6 is positioned and installed on the parent body 3 by two positioning pins 9, and a pin shaft spring 10 is installed in a pin shaft hole of the parent body 3 to connect the parent body 3 and the middle adjusting block 6. The main shaft connecting shaft is arranged on the parent body, and the centering ring is arranged on the parent body through the main shaft connecting shaft.
The detection and feedback system is as follows: the six-dimensional force sensor 1 is arranged on a loading chain, the host computer and the processor are connected with the six-dimensional force sensor 1 through USB data lines and are arranged on the frame, and the electric actuating cylinder 19 outputs displacement information and transmits the displacement information to the host computer.
The electric actuating cylinder 19 adopts a foldback type electric cylinder CDJ2D16-100Z-M9B-B, and the stroke of the electric cylinder is 100mm.
The six-dimensional force sensor adopts HBM-U10M, and the maximum measuring range of the force sensor is 125KN.
The grating ruler adopts Heidenhain-Aelb-382c, and the maximum range of the grating ruler is 250mm.
The frame is: the upper top cover 21 is mounted on four guide posts 22 through adjusting nuts 20, the guide posts 22 are mounted on a lower platform 24, and the lower platform 24 is mounted on a vibration isolation table 25.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a coaxiality adjustment method for a testing machine, comprising the steps of:
Step (1), an electric actuating cylinder 19 is mounted on a frame, a six-dimensional force sensor 1 is connected through an electric cylinder connecting shaft 23, an upper clamp 13 is connected with the six-dimensional force sensor 1 through a flange, and a parent body 3 of a coaxiality adjusting mechanism is mounted;
Step (2), assembling each component of the coaxiality adjusting mechanism:
2.1, installing a parent body on the six-dimensional force sensor 1 through six inner hexagon bolts, and pre-tightening two opposite bolts in sequence;
2.2, installing a thrust ball bearing 5 in the middle adjusting block 6, installing eight pin shaft sleeves 27 and four adjusting shafts 4 in four directions on a parent body, and installing a positioning pin 9 in the pin shaft sleeves 27;
2.3, installing four middle adjusting blocks 6 on the matrix 3 in four directions, positioning the matrix 3 with eight positioning pins 9, sleeving a pin shaft spring 10 on the pin shaft 9, putting the pin shaft spring 10 in the matrix 3 and the middle adjusting blocks 6, and enabling the pin shaft spring 10 to be in a compressed state;
2.4, installing a centering ring to enable the front direction of the lower clamp 17 to be consistent with the adjustment direction of the centering adjustment mechanism;
2.5, installing the centering ring and the clamp, pre-tightening the bolts, and screwing the connecting bolts after fine tuning the direction;
2.6, installing a test piece 16 and a cover plate 14;
Step (3), installing a rotary table 26 on the lower platform 24, locking the relative position of the rotary table 26 and the supporting seat 18, and finally installing the cover plate 14 and compacting the test piece 16;
step (4), mounting and calibrating an adjusting device: adjusting the adjusting shafts 4 in four directions on the parent body, checking whether the force value and the torque corresponding to the axial directions of the adjusting shafts of the six-dimensional force sensor 1 are single, otherwise, rotating the rotating table 26 and the direction of the centering ring until the axial values of the six-dimensional force sensor 1 corresponding to the four directions of the adjusting shafts are single, and finishing the installation and the calibration of the adjusting device;
Step (5), pre-stretching the test piece, loading in elastic deformation, and recording sensor data;
Step (6), fine-tuning each direction adjusting shaft 4 in the loading process, checking the numerical value of the six-dimensional force sensor 1, and rotating the lower rotary table 26 and the clamp connecting shaft 8 until the corresponding fine-tuning direction changing numerical value is less than 5% of the loading force and does not increase along with the loading force;
Step (7), loading is continued until the force value reaches the elastic limit, the biasing force is consistent and kept within 5% of the loading force or the variation is small, or the displacement output by the electric actuating cylinder 19 is collected, the corresponding strain is calculated, and the biasing force is checked within a qualified range;
and (8) simulating a loading chain, calculating offset according to the displacement and the force value of the sensor corresponding to the direction, calculating and distributing each axial adjustment amount, adjusting the corresponding adjustment shaft 4, and finally finishing the loading calibration of the adjustment device.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the whole mounting on the testing machine solves the problem that the coaxiality of the loading chain of the existing testing machine needs to be adjusted in real time because the loading chain is required to be disassembled, and fills the blank of the prior art to a certain extent; yet other types of testers such as compression testers, torsion testers, bend testers, universal testers, and the like may be installed; the matched clamp has various types, small space occupation, simple operation and repeated adjustment; simultaneously, the adjusting shaft is divided to enable the adjusting quantity to reach 0.01mm and the adjusting range to be large (+ -0.5 mm); the device and the clamp selecting table can realize three degrees of freedom adjustment (the loading chain installation plane and the axial rotation of the loading chain); parts with easy damage parts and high positioning precision requirements in the adjusting device are all of standardized design, and easy-to-work pieces such as pin sleeves and the like and standard parts are adopted; the device has strong adaptability, and the loading chains with different shaft diameters are installed by adjusting the sizes of the parent body and other components; the connection loading chain adopts flange connection to improve the strength and eliminate the gap; each middle adjusting block is positioned by two pin shafts on the parent body and the lower surface of the parent body (one side is provided with two pins); the invention is arranged on the testing machine, not only can realize unidirectional stretching on the uniaxial stretching testing machine, but also can be additionally provided with a set of adjusting device to realize bidirectional stretching, thereby improving the experimental precision and ensuring more accurate measurement data.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the application and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate and explain the application and together with the description serve to explain the application.
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a coaxiality adjustment mechanism of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is an isometric view of the coaxiality adjustment mechanism of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is an exploded view of the coaxiality adjustment mechanism of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a drawing of a tensile test piece of the coaxiality adjustment mechanism of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a front view of the whole machine of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is an isometric view of the complete machine of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a diagram of a centering device precursor of the present invention.
In the figure: 1. a six-dimensional force sensor; 2. a sensor connecting bolt; 3. a parent body; 4. an adjustment shaft; 5. a thrust ball bearing; 6. a middle adjusting block; 7. a center; 8. a clamp connecting shaft; 9. a positioning pin; 10. a pin spring; 11. a clamp connecting bolt; 12. a spindle connecting bolt; 13. a clamp is arranged; 14. a cover plate; 15. a clamp cover plate bolt; 16. a test piece; 17. a lower clamp; 18. a clamp support seat; 19. an electrically operated cylinder; 20. an adjusting nut; 21. an upper top cover; 22. a guide post; 23. an electric cylinder connecting shaft; 24. a lower platform; 25. a vibration isolation table; 26. a rotary table; 27. a pin sleeve; 28. the supporting seat is connected with the bolt.
Detailed Description
The details of the present invention and its specific embodiments are further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Referring to fig. 1 to 7, the coaxiality adjusting device and method for the testing machine solve the problem that the coaxiality of a loading chain of the existing testing machine needs to be disassembled and cannot be adjusted in real time, and fill the blank of the prior art to a certain extent; the device can adjust three degrees of freedom of a loading chain, and index an adjusting shaft to enable the adjusting quantity to reach 0.01 mm/grid, and the adjusting range is +/-1 mm; the quick-wear parts and parts with high positioning accuracy requirements in the adjusting device are all of standardized design, and easy-to-work pieces such as pin sleeves, pin shafts and the like and standard parts are adopted; the device is installed on the testing machine, can not only realize carrying out the unidirectional stretching on the unipolar tensile testing machine, can add a set of adjusting device again moreover and realize biaxial stretching centering adjustment, and device suitability is strong, can match different diameter anchor clamps or loading chain, and the space occupies for a short time, easy operation, but repeatedly regulated can improve experimental accuracy, makes measured data more accurate.
Referring to fig. 5 and 6, the coaxiality adjusting device for the testing machine is integrally installed on a vertical tensile testing machine and comprises a main shaft loading chain, a coaxiality adjusting mechanism, a detection and feedback mechanism and a frame, wherein the coaxiality adjusting mechanism is installed on the main shaft loading chain, the main shaft loading chain is installed on the frame, and the detection and feedback mechanism is installed on the frame and used for detecting and controlling an adjustment amount.
The main shaft loading chain comprises an electric cylinder 19, an electric cylinder connecting shaft 23, a six-dimensional force sensor 1, a coaxiality adjusting mechanism matrix 3, a clamp connecting shaft 8, an upper clamp 13, a cover plate 14, a test piece 16, a lower clamp 17, a supporting seat 18, a rotary table 26, a sensor connecting bolt 2, a clamp connecting bolt 11, a clamp cover plate bolt 15 and a supporting seat connecting bolt 28; the electric actuating cylinder 19 is arranged on the upper cover top 21 through an outer hexagon bolt, the electric cylinder connecting shaft 23 is arranged on an output shaft of the electric actuating cylinder 19 through six inner hexagon bolts, the six-dimensional force sensor 1 is arranged on the electric cylinder connecting shaft 23 through six sensor connecting bolts 2, and the six-dimensional force sensor 1 is positioned on the electric cylinder connecting shaft 23 through a positioning pin 9; the parent body 3 of the coaxiality adjusting mechanism is arranged at the other end of the six-dimensional force sensor 1 through six hexagon socket head cap bolts, the clamp connecting shaft 8 is arranged on the parent body 3 through a main shaft connecting bolt 12, and the upper clamp 13 is arranged on the clamp connecting shaft 8 through six clamp connecting bolts 11; tightening the clamp cover plate bolts 15 compresses the test piece 16 to be installed in the upper clamp 13, the lower clamp 17 is installed on the supporting seat 18 through the supporting seat connecting bolts 28, the supporting seat 18 is installed on the rotary table 26 through a flange, and the rotary table 26 is installed on the lower platform 24 through a flange.
The coaxiality adjusting mechanism comprises a parent body 3, an adjusting shaft 4, a thrust ball bearing 5, a middle adjusting block 6, a positioning pin 9, a pin shaft sleeve 27, a pin shaft spring 10, a clamp connecting shaft 8, a main shaft connecting bolt 12 and a center 7; the four adjusting shafts 4 are arranged on the parent body 3, the thrust ball bearings 5 are arranged in the middle adjusting block 6, the center 7 is arranged on the middle adjusting block 6, the pin shaft sleeve 27 is arranged on the parent body 3, and the positioning pins 9 are arranged on the pin shaft sleeve 27; the middle adjusting block 6 is positioned and installed on the parent body 3 by two positioning pins 9, a pin shaft spring 10 is installed in a pin shaft hole of the parent body 3, the parent body 3 and the middle adjusting block 6 are connected at the same time, a main shaft connecting bolt 12 is installed on the parent body 3, and finally a clamp connecting shaft 8 is installed on the parent body 3 through the main shaft connecting bolt 12.
The detection and feedback system comprises a six-dimensional force sensor 1, a host and a processor; the six-dimensional force sensor 1 is arranged on a loading chain, the host computer and the processor are connected with the six-dimensional force sensor 1 through USB data lines, and are arranged on the frame for receiving and processing data, and the electric actuating cylinder 19 outputs displacement information and transmits the displacement information to the host computer.
The electric actuating cylinder 19 adopts a foldback type electric cylinder CDJ2D16-100Z-M9B-B, and the stroke of the electric cylinder is 100mm.
The six-dimensional force sensor adopts HBM-U10M, and the maximum measuring range of the force sensor is 125KN.
The grating ruler adopts Heidenhain-Aelb-382c, and the maximum range of the grating ruler is 250mm.
The machine frame comprises four guide posts 22, an adjusting nut 20, an upper top cover 21, a lower platform 24 and a vibration isolation platform 25; the upper top cover 21 is mounted on four guide posts 22 through adjusting nuts 20, the guide posts 22 are mounted on a lower platform 24, and the lower platform 24 is mounted on a vibration isolation platform 25.
Referring to fig. 1 to 4, in use, the matrix 3 is first mounted on the six-dimensional force sensor 1 by six socket head cap bolts, and then the opposite two bolts are sequentially pre-tightened (preventing the device from being stuck); the thrust ball bearing 5 is arranged in the middle adjusting block 6, pin shaft sleeves 27 (8 in total) and adjusting shafts 4 (4 in total) in four directions on the parent body 3 are arranged, and the positioning pin 9 is arranged in the pin shaft sleeves 27; the four middle adjusting blocks 6 are arranged in four directions of the parent body 3, eight positioning pins 9 are used for positioning the bottom surface of the parent body 3 (one surface is provided with two pins), pin shaft springs 10 are sleeved on the positioning pins 9 and are placed in the parent body 3 and the middle adjusting blocks 6, and the pin shaft springs 10 are in a compressed state; installing a clamp connecting shaft 8 to enable the front direction of the clamp to be consistent with the adjustment direction of the centering adjustment device; the fixture is arranged to connect the shaft 8 with the upper fixture 13, the bolts are pre-tightened, and the connecting bolts are screwed after the direction is finely adjusted; mounting a sample 16 and mounting a cover plate 14 (pre-tightening two opposite bolts in sequence to prevent the cover plate 14 from being uneven);
Referring to fig. 7, an isometric view of the parent body 3 is shown, which is a base body of the whole adjusting device, another assembling method can be selected, a pin shaft sleeve 27 is firstly installed, then a positioning pin 9 is installed, two positioning pins 9 are used for positioning and restraining the middle adjusting block 6 (one surface is provided with two pins) with the ground of the parent body 3, then the parent body 3 is installed on the six-dimensional force sensor 1, and a main shaft connecting bolt 12 and a clamp connecting shaft 8 are screwed to complete the installation.
The specific working process of the invention comprises the following steps: preparation, first assembling a loading chain: the electric actuating cylinder 19 is arranged on the frame, the six-dimensional force sensor 1 is connected through an electric cylinder connecting shaft 23, and the six-dimensional force sensor 1 and the installation matrix 3 are connected through a flange; secondly, installing a rotary table 26 on the lower platform 24, locking the relative position of the rotary table 26 and the supporting seat 18, and finally installing a cover plate 14 of the lower clamp to compress the test piece 16; and then assembling all components of the coaxiality adjusting device: the matrix is arranged on the six-dimensional force sensor through six inner hexagon bolts, and the two opposite bolts (preventing the device from being blocked) are pre-tightened in sequence; the thrust ball bearing is arranged in the middle adjusting block, pin shaft sleeves (8) and adjusting shafts (4) in four directions on the mounting matrix are arranged, and the mounting pin shafts are arranged in the pin shaft sleeves; installing four middle adjusting blocks in four directions of a parent body, positioning the bottom surface of the parent body by using eight pin shafts (one surface is provided with two pins), sleeving pin shaft springs on the pin shafts, putting the pin shaft springs in the parent body and the middle adjusting blocks, and enabling the pin shaft springs to be in a compressed state; installing a centering ring to enable the front direction of the clamp to be consistent with the adjustment direction of the centering adjustment device; installing a centering ring and a clamp, pre-tightening a bolt, and screwing a connecting bolt after fine adjustment of the direction; installing a sample, and installing a clamp cover plate (pre-tightening opposite two bolts in sequence to prevent the cover plate from being uneven).
Performing adjustment device installation calibration: and adjusting the adjusting shafts on the four directions on the parent body of the centering device, checking whether the force value and the torque corresponding to the axial directions of the adjusting shafts of the six-dimensional force sensor are single, otherwise, rotating the rotating table and the direction of the centering ring until the axial values of the six-dimensional force sensor corresponding to the four directions of the adjusting shafts are single, and completing the installation and the calibration of the adjusting device.
And (3) carrying out loading calibration of the adjusting device: pre-stretching the test piece, loading in elastic deformation, and recording sensor data; in the loading process, the adjustment shafts in all directions are finely adjusted, the values of the sensors are checked, and the lower rotary table and the centering ring are rotated until the corresponding change value of the fine adjustment direction is less than 5% of the loading force and does not increase along with the loading force; continuously loading until the force value reaches the elastic limit, and keeping the loading force within 5% or with small variation, or collecting the displacement output by the electric actuating cylinder, calculating the corresponding strain and checking whether the biasing force is qualified or not according to the stress; and simulating the loading chain by abqus simulation software, calculating the offset according to the displacement and the force value in the direction corresponding to the sensor, then calculating the axial adjustment quantity distributed to each, and adjusting the corresponding adjustment shaft to finish the loading calibration of the adjustment device.
And (5) completing the coaxiality adjustment of the whole machine, and performing a formal tensile test.
The above description is only a preferred example of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, but various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. The coaxiality adjusting method for the testing machine is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the device is realized by adopting a coaxiality adjusting device, the whole coaxiality adjusting device is arranged on a vertical tensile testing machine and comprises a main shaft loading chain, a coaxiality adjusting mechanism, a detecting and feedback mechanism and a frame, wherein the coaxiality adjusting mechanism is arranged on the main shaft loading chain, the main shaft loading chain is arranged on the frame, and the detecting and feedback mechanism is arranged on the frame to detect and control the adjustment quantity; the spindle loading chain is: the electric cylinder (19) is arranged on the upper top cover (21), the electric cylinder connecting shaft (23) is arranged on an output shaft of the electric cylinder (19), the six-dimensional force sensor (1) is arranged on the electric cylinder connecting shaft (23), and the six-dimensional force sensor (1) is positioned on the electric cylinder connecting shaft (23) through the positioning pin (9); a parent body (3) of the coaxiality adjusting mechanism is arranged at the other end of the six-dimensional force sensor (1), a clamp connecting shaft (8) is arranged on the parent body (3) through a main shaft connecting bolt (12), and an upper clamp (13) is arranged on the clamp connecting shaft (8); the test piece (16) is installed in the upper clamp (13) in a pressing mode through the cover plate (14), the lower clamp (17) is installed on the supporting seat (18) through a flange, the supporting seat (18) is installed on the rotary table (26) through a flange, and the rotary table (26) is installed on the lower platform (24) through a flange; the coaxiality adjusting mechanism is as follows: the four adjusting shafts (4) are arranged on the parent body (3), the thrust ball bearings (5) are arranged in the middle adjusting block (6), the pin shaft sleeve (27) is arranged on the parent body (3), and the positioning pins (9) are arranged on the pin shaft sleeve (27); the middle adjusting block (6) is positioned and installed on the parent body (3) by two positioning pins (9), and a pin shaft spring (10) is installed in a pin shaft hole of the parent body (3) to connect the parent body (3) and the middle adjusting block (6); the detection and feedback system is as follows: the six-dimensional force sensor (1) is arranged on the loading chain, the host machine and the processor are connected with the six-dimensional force sensor (1) through USB data lines and are arranged on the frame, and the electric actuating cylinder (19) outputs displacement information and transmits the displacement information to the host machine; the frame is: the upper top cover (21) is arranged on four guide posts (22) through adjusting nuts (20), the guide posts (22) are arranged on a lower platform (24), and the lower platform (24) is arranged on a vibration isolation table (25);
the coaxiality adjusting method for the testing machine comprises the following steps of:
The method comprises the steps of (1) installing an electric actuating cylinder (19) on a frame, connecting a six-dimensional force sensor (1) through an electric cylinder connecting shaft (23), connecting an upper clamp (13) and the six-dimensional force sensor (1) through a flange, and installing a parent body (3) of a coaxiality adjusting mechanism;
step (2), assembling components of the coaxiality adjusting mechanism;
Step (3), a rotary table (26) is arranged on the lower platform (24), the relative position of the rotary table (26) and the supporting seat (18) is locked, and finally a cover plate (14) is arranged and a test piece (16) is pressed;
step (4), mounting and calibrating an adjusting device: adjusting the adjusting shafts (4) on the matrix in four directions, checking whether the force value and the torque corresponding to the axial directions of the adjusting shafts of the six-dimensional force sensor (1) are single, otherwise, rotating the rotating table (26) and the direction of the centering ring until the axial values of the six-dimensional force sensor (1) corresponding to the four directions of the adjusting shafts are single, and completing the installation and the calibration of the adjusting device;
Step (5), pre-stretching the test piece, loading in elastic deformation, and recording sensor data;
Step (6), fine-tuning each direction adjusting shaft (4) and checking the numerical value of the six-dimensional force sensor (1) in the loading process, and rotating the lower rotary table (26) and the upper clamp (13) until the corresponding fine-tuning direction changing numerical value is less than 5% of the loading force and does not increase along with the loading force;
Step (7), loading is continued until the force value reaches the elastic limit, the biasing force is consistent and kept within 5% of the loading force or the variation is small, or the displacement output by the electric actuating cylinder (19) is collected, the corresponding strain is calculated, and the biasing force is checked within a qualified range;
And (8) simulating a loading chain, calculating offset according to the displacement and the force value of the sensor corresponding to the direction, calculating and distributing each axial adjustment amount, adjusting the corresponding adjustment shaft (4), and finally finishing the loading calibration of the adjustment device.
2. The coaxiality adjustment method for a testing machine according to claim 1, wherein: assembling all components of the coaxiality adjusting mechanism in the step (2), specifically:
2.1, installing a parent body on the six-dimensional force sensor (1) through six inner hexagon bolts, and sequentially pre-tightening two opposite bolts;
2.2, installing a thrust ball bearing (5) in the middle adjusting block (6), installing eight pin shaft sleeves (27) and four adjusting shafts (4) in four directions on a parent body, and installing a positioning pin (9) in the pin shaft sleeve (27);
2.3, installing four middle adjusting blocks (6) on the four directions of the parent body (3), positioning the bottom surface of the parent body (3) by using eight positioning pins (9), sleeving a pin shaft spring (10) on the pin shaft (9), putting the pin shaft spring (10) in the parent body (3) and the middle adjusting blocks (6), and enabling the pin shaft spring (10) to be in a compressed state;
2.4, installing a centering ring to enable the front direction of the lower clamp (17) to be consistent with the adjustment direction of the centering adjustment mechanism;
2.5, installing the centering ring and the clamp, pre-tightening the bolts, and screwing the connecting bolts after fine tuning the direction;
2.6, mounting a test piece (16) and a cover plate (14).
3. The coaxiality adjusting method for the testing machine according to claim 1, wherein the electric actuating cylinder (19) adopts a foldback type electric cylinder CDJ2D16-100Z-M9B-B, and the stroke of the electric cylinder is 100mm.
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