CN110833196A - Oil tea fruit shell and seed separation device and method - Google Patents
Oil tea fruit shell and seed separation device and method Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN110833196A CN110833196A CN201911222903.3A CN201911222903A CN110833196A CN 110833196 A CN110833196 A CN 110833196A CN 201911222903 A CN201911222903 A CN 201911222903A CN 110833196 A CN110833196 A CN 110833196A
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- flotation
- rotor
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- tank
- oil tea
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23N—MACHINES OR APPARATUS FOR TREATING HARVESTED FRUIT, VEGETABLES OR FLOWER BULBS IN BULK, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; PEELING VEGETABLES OR FRUIT IN BULK; APPARATUS FOR PREPARING ANIMAL FEEDING- STUFFS
- A23N5/00—Machines for hulling, husking or cracking nuts
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03D—FLOTATION; DIFFERENTIAL SEDIMENTATION
- B03D1/00—Flotation
- B03D1/14—Flotation machines
- B03D1/16—Flotation machines with impellers; Subaeration machines
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11B—PRODUCING, e.g. BY PRESSING RAW MATERIALS OR BY EXTRACTION FROM WASTE MATERIALS, REFINING OR PRESERVING FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES, e.g. LANOLIN, FATTY OILS OR WAXES; ESSENTIAL OILS; PERFUMES
- C11B1/00—Production of fats or fatty oils from raw materials
- C11B1/02—Pretreatment
- C11B1/04—Pretreatment of vegetable raw material
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- Apparatuses For Bulk Treatment Of Fruits And Vegetables And Apparatuses For Preparing Feeds (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a device and a method for separating shells and seeds of oil-tea camellia fruits, wherein the device comprises an impact part and a flotation part; the impacting part conveys the oil tea fruits into the rotor through a feeding device; an impeller is arranged in the rotor; the rotor is provided with a material guide plate; a flow passage is formed between every two material guide plates; when the impeller and the rotor rotate relatively, the oil tea fruits firstly fall on the impeller and then are ejected to the material guide plate, and then are conveyed to the flotation part by the discharge plate; the flotation part is provided with a circulating conveyor belt; the separation baffle guides the shifting plate to send out the insoluble substances floating on the liquid surface from the guide groove to the outside of the flotation part; the insoluble substances which are settled below the liquid level in the flotation tank are sent out from a discharge port of the flotation tank. Firstly, crushing shells of fresh oil-tea camellia fruits by secondary impact; and separating the fruits, the shells and the unqualified fruits by flotation. The full mechanical automation of the separation of the fresh oil tea fruits is realized.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of agricultural instruments, in particular to a device and a method for separating shells and seeds of oil-tea camellia fruits.
Background
Camellia oleifera (Camellia oleifera Abel) is a specific edible woody oil plant in the south of China. China is the biggest camellia oil base in the world, and is called as the world 4 big woody oil plants together with oil palm, coconut and olive. The oil content of the whole oil-tea camellia seed is generally 30-40%, the content of unsaturated fatty acid in the oil-tea camellia seed oil is as high as 93%, the oil-tea camellia seed oil mainly contains oleic acid and linoleic acid, the monounsaturated fatty acid contained in the oil-tea camellia seed oil is the highest in the current edible oil, the content of unsaponifiable matters of the oil-tea camellia seed oil is low, and the nutritional active ingredients comprise polyphenol, squalene, vitamin E, carotene and the like, so that the oil-tea camellia seed oil has various physiological functions and pharmacological functions, such as oxidation resistance, cancer resistance, cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease resistance, inflammation resistance, virus resistance, immune regulation and.
The tea seeds are fragile in structure and easy to break under stress. The manual method still used in a large range at present is to manually spread the water-retaining agent in a large range, crack the water-retaining agent after the water-retaining agent is dehydrated and becomes crisp in a natural drying mode, and then manually clean the water-retaining agent. The manual method not only depends on weather quality, but also has low efficiency; the method is difficult to meet the efficiency requirement of large-scale planting of the existing camellia oleifera, and is very easy to cause quality problems of mildewing, oxidation and the like of tea seeds caused by delay.
The existing mechanical shelling technology mainly comprises four main categories of grinding, rubbing, impacting, shearing and extruding, but is still in a starting stage, and the shelling rate and the separation rate still have further optimized space.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a device and a method for separating shells and seeds of oil-tea camellia fruits.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a device for separating shells and seeds of oil tea fruits comprises an impact part and a flotation part;
the impacting part conveys the oil tea fruits into the rotor through a feeding device; an impeller is arranged in the rotor; three material guide plates which are annularly distributed around the impeller are arranged on the inner side of the rotor; the inward side of the material guide plate is provided with an arc section; a flow channel is formed between every two material guide plates; the blades of the impeller have a helix angle; when the impeller and the rotor rotate relatively, the oil tea fruits firstly fall onto the impeller and then are ejected to the material guide plate, and then are conveyed to the flotation part through the material discharge plate;
the flotation part is provided with a circulating conveyor belt; the circulating conveyor belt is partially immersed below the liquid level of the flotation tank; a shifting plate and a blocking baffle are arranged at the liquid level of the flotation tank; a guide-out groove is arranged on the side surface of the flotation tank; the liquid level of the flotation tank is divided into two parts by the shifting plate, the blocking baffle and the guide-out tank; the separation baffle guides the shifting plate to send out the insoluble substances floating on the liquid surface from the guide groove to the outside of the flotation part; the insoluble substances which are settled below the liquid level in the flotation tank are sent out from a discharge port of the flotation tank.
Preferably, the feeding port of the rotor is positioned on the upper surface of the rotor and vertically projected on the blade; a discharge hopper is arranged below the rotor, and a discharge plate is arranged on the side surface of the discharge hopper.
Preferably, the pitch angle of the blades is 10 ° to 15 °.
Preferably, the clearance between the rotor and the impeller is 5-10 mm.
Preferably, a silt blow-off pipe is arranged at the bottom of the flotation tank; an electromagnetic valve is arranged at the outlet of the silt drain pipe.
Preferably, a liquid return hole is formed in the flotation tank; the liquid return hole is connected with a pipeline leading to a liquid return storage tank; a liquid collector is arranged at the lower tail end of the guide-out groove; the liquid collector is communicated with the liquid return storage tank.
Preferably, a liquid replenishing hole is formed in the flotation tank; the liquid supplementing hole is connected with a pipeline leading to the liquid distribution pool.
Preferably, the liquid preparation pool is provided with a PLC; the liquid preparation pool is respectively connected with the water tank and the solvent storage tank through pipelines; the PLC controls the communication among the water tank, the solvent storage tank and the liquid preparation pool.
Preferably, a liquid level meter is arranged in the flotation tank.
Firstly, crushing shells of fresh oil-tea camellia fruits by secondary impact; and separating the fruits, the shells and the unqualified fruits by flotation. The full mechanical automation of the separation of the fresh oil tea fruits is realized.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is an overall side view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is an overall side view of the impact portion of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a blade of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a perspective view of a rotor of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a top view of a rotor of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a perspective view of a flotation section of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic side view of a flotation section of the present invention;
in the figure: 1-a flotation section; 2-an impact section; 11-an outer tank of the flotation tank; 12-flotation tank inner tank; 13-a silt discharge pipe; 14-a solenoid valve; 16-a conveyor belt; 110-a scaffold; 111-fluid infusion holes; 112-liquid return hole; 113-a dial plate; 114-a paddle motor; 115-a portal frame; 116-a baffle; 117-drive shaft; 118-a driven shaft; 119-a drive pulley; 120-a drive motor; 121-a liquid level meter; 122-a lead-out slot; 123-a liquid trap; 125-liquid return liquid storage tank; 128-a water tank; 129-solvent storage tank; 130-liquid preparation pool; 131-PLC; 136-a flotation machine body; 137-solution recovery device; 138-circulating liquid preparation device; 21-a feeding device; 22-a guide rail; 23-an outer shell; 24-a rotor; 25-an impeller; 26-a main shaft; 27-a discharge hopper; 28-stripper plate; 29-a drive belt; 210-a motor; 211-a frame; 31-a blade; 32-impeller seat; 41-adjusting screws; 42-a material inlet; 43-a material guide plate; 44-a rotor seat; 45-lower cover plate; 46-a flow channel; 47-Upper cover plate.
Detailed Description
The technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention.
It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "secured to" another element, it can be directly on the other element or intervening elements may also be present. When an element is referred to as being "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or intervening elements may also be present. The terms "vertical," "horizontal," "left," "right," and the like as used herein are for illustrative purposes only and do not represent the only embodiments.
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. The terminology used herein in the description of the invention is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. As used herein, the term "and/or" includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.
The invention realizes secondary screening by a mode of firstly impacting and breaking shells and then carrying out flotation separation. The invention is divided into two parts, namely a flotation part 1 and an impact part 2, as shown in figure 1. Wherein the oil tea fruit firstly removes most of the shells through the impacting part 2, and then removes the rest shells and the oil tea fruit which cannot be used for oil extraction, such as mildewed, broken, poor quality, and the like through the flotation part 1.
Wherein the impacting part 2 is shown in fig. 2, the feeding device 21 is arranged at the uppermost end of the impacting part 2, and the unshelled oil-tea camellia fruits enter the feeding device. The striking part 2 except the feeding device 21 is installed in the outer casing 23, and the striking part 2 is divided into an upper part and a lower part. In the upper half, mainly the rotor 24 and associated main shaft 26, impeller 25. Wherein a rotor 24 is relatively rotatably mounted in the outer housing 23 by means of a guide rail 22.
The specific structure of the rotor 24 is shown in fig. 4 and 5, the rotor 24 includes an upper cover plate 47 at the uppermost end and a lower cover plate 45 at the lowermost end, three material guiding plates 43 with circular arc cross-sections are disposed between the two cover plates, and the three material guiding plates 43 are annularly distributed around the rotor seat 44 at the middle; a flow passage 46 is formed between the two guide plates 43. The inlet 42 of the rotor 24 is located in the middle of the upper cover plate 47. The material guide plate 43 and the upper cover plate 47 are installed by the adjusting screw 41 and the installation position is relatively adjusted.
The blades 31 in the impeller 25 are mounted inside the rotor 24 through an impeller seat 32; the blades 25 are mounted in a spiral and have a lead angle of 10-15 deg.. That is, the vane 25 is not planar, and one side of the vane is inclined and bent upward around the impeller seat 32, and the bent angle is the angle of the lead angle.
A discharge hopper 27 is arranged below the projection plane of the rotor 24 in the outer shell 23, and a discharge plate 28 is arranged on the side surface of the discharge hopper 27; the oil tea fruits and the shells after the shell breaking are all sent into the flotation part 1 along the discharging plate 28.
The structure of the flotation section 1 is shown in fig. 6 and 7. The flotation part 1 comprises a flotation tank outer tank 11 and a flotation tank inner tank 12, wherein a bracket 110 is arranged outside the flotation tank outer tank 11 and is used for supporting the whole flotation machine main body 137; a liquid replenishing hole 11 and a liquid returning hole 112 are arranged below the front surface of the flotation tank, wherein the liquid returning hole 112 is used for being connected with a liquid returning storage tank 125 of a solution recovery device 137; the liquid supplementing hole 11 is connected with a liquid preparation pool 130 in the circulating liquid preparation device 138, and a PLC131 is installed on the liquid preparation pool 130; and the liquid preparation tank 130 is connected with a water tank 128 and a solvent storage tank 129 respectively; for the composition of the solution in the tank 12 of the flotation cell. A silt discharge pipe 13 and a corresponding electromagnetic valve 14 are arranged at the bottom of the flotation tank inner tank 12 and used for discharging insoluble substances such as silt deposited in the flotation tank inner tank 12 at a proper time.
A drive motor 120 is provided behind and below the flotation cell to power the belt 16 via a drive pulley 119, a driven shaft (not shown) and a drive shaft 117. One part of the conveyor belt 16 is arranged at the bottom of the flotation tank inner tank 12, and the other part of the conveyor belt is bent upwards, protrudes out of the surface of the flotation tank inner tank 12 and is hung in the driven shaft; this part is intended to receive the mixture of broken husks in the impact section 2. The conveyor belt 6 is continuously rotated back and forth by the power provided by the driving motor 120; and the conveyor belt 6 is provided with a mesh so that entrained silt settles to the bottom of the flotation tank inner tank 12.
A portal frame 115 is arranged above the inner groove 12 of the flotation tank, and a shifting plate 113 and a corresponding shifting plate motor 114 are arranged on the portal frame 155; a guide-out groove 112 is arranged at the side position of the upper surface of the inner groove 12 of the flotation tank corresponding to the shifting plate 113; a liquid trap 123 is provided below the lead-out tank 112 for returning the liquid carried by the liquid to the liquid tank 125. A blocking baffle 116 is arranged in front of the shifting plate 113 to prevent the camellia seeds from reversely floating. The inner wall of the inner tank 12 of the flotation tank is also provided with a liquid level meter 121 for controlling the liquid level.
The shelling rate of the oil-tea camellia fruits has a great relation with the motor power, the water content of the oil-tea camellia fruits, and the volumes and intervals of the rotor 24 and the impeller 25.
The grain diameter of the oil tea fruit is 15-50mm, and the clearance between the rotor 24 and the impeller 25 is 5-10mm to avoid the accidental dropping of the oil tea fruit.
After the experiment, the inner diameter of the rotor 24 was set to 260mm, the outer diameter to 360mm, and the height to 240 mm. The rotation speed of the main shaft 26 is 400-500 r/min. The water content of the oil tea fruit is controlled between 60-70%.
The working principle of the striking part 2 is as follows:
oil tea fruits with proper water content are put into the feeding device 21, enter the rotor 24 through the feeding port 42 and fall on the impeller 25, and the impeller 25 rotates at high speed and has a helix angle; so that the oil tea fruits form a second impact shell breaking with the outer shell 23 along the material guide plate 43 and then are conveyed to the flotation part 1 from the discharge plate 28 along the discharge hopper 27.
The flotation part 1 is used for sorting by utilizing the characteristics of different densities of shells and fruits; the hull mixture is introduced into the inner tank 12 of the flotation tank through the conveyor belt 16, and at this time, the hulls and the moldy oil-tea camellia fruits with poor quality float on the liquid surface, and are transported out of the machine from the outlet tank 122 through the shifting plate 113. The oil tea fruit with the bottom sinking is discharged from a discharge port by a circulating conveyor belt 16 (not shown in the figure). The whole process of separating and sorting fresh oil-tea camellia fruit shells is realized.
The power supply device can be replaced by any product which can realize the same function, has different models, brands and internal structures, can realize the required function of the invention, and can be correspondingly replaced by the technical personnel in the field according to the actual working requirement.
Any software, processor, power supply device and circuit connection mode used by the invention has no improvement; it belongs to a part of the prior art, and any corresponding modification, adaptation and model selection can be made according to the shape, category or purpose of the actual product, and the software, the power supply device, the processor and the connection mode of the circuit and the circuit are not the improvement part of the invention aiming at the prior art; and others not described in detail herein are within the prior art.
The foregoing is a more detailed description of the invention in connection with specific preferred embodiments and it is not intended that the invention be limited to these specific details. For those skilled in the art to which the invention pertains, several simple deductions or substitutions can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention, and all shall be considered as belonging to the protection scope of the invention.
Claims (9)
1. The utility model provides a shell of tea-oil camellia fruit, seed separator which characterized in that: comprises an impact part and a flotation part;
the impacting part conveys the oil tea fruits into the rotor through the feeding device; an impeller is arranged in the rotor; three material guide plates which are annularly distributed around the impeller are arranged on the inner side of the rotor; the inward side of the material guide plate is provided with an arc section; a flow channel is formed between every two material guide plates; the blades of the impeller have a helix angle; when the impeller and the rotor rotate relatively, the oil tea fruits firstly fall onto the impeller and then are ejected to the material guide plate, and then are conveyed to the flotation part through the material discharge plate;
the flotation part is provided with a circulating conveyor belt; the circulating conveyor belt is partially immersed below the liquid level of the flotation tank; a shifting plate and a blocking baffle are arranged at the liquid level of the flotation tank; a guide-out groove is arranged on the side surface of the flotation tank; the liquid level of the flotation tank is divided into two parts by the shifting plate, the blocking baffle and the guide-out tank; the blocking baffle guides the shifting plate to send out insoluble substances floating on the liquid surface from the guide-out groove to the outside of the flotation part; the insoluble substances which are settled below the liquid level in the flotation tank are sent out from a discharge port of the flotation tank.
2. The oil tea fruit shell and seed separating device according to claim 1, wherein:
the feeding port of the rotor is positioned on the upper surface of the rotor and vertically projected on the blades; a discharge hopper is arranged below the rotor, and a discharge plate is arranged on the side face of the discharge hopper.
3. The oil tea fruit shell and seed separating device according to claim 1, wherein: the helix angle of the blade is 10-15 degrees.
4. The oil tea fruit shell and seed separating device according to claim 1, wherein: the clearance between the rotor and the impeller is 5-10 mm.
5. The oil tea fruit shell and seed separating device according to claim 1, wherein: a silt discharge pipe is arranged at the bottom of the flotation tank; an electromagnetic valve is arranged at the outlet of the silt drain pipe.
6. The oil tea fruit shell and seed separating device according to claim 1, wherein: a liquid return hole is formed in the flotation tank; the liquid return hole is connected with a pipeline leading to a liquid return storage tank; a liquid collector is arranged at the lower tail end of the guide-out groove; the liquid collector is communicated with the liquid return storage tank.
7. The oil tea fruit shell and seed separating device according to claim 1, wherein: a liquid replenishing hole is formed in the flotation tank; the liquid supplementing hole is connected with a pipeline leading to the liquid distribution pool.
8. The oil tea fruit shell and seed separating device according to claim 7, wherein: the liquid preparation pool is provided with a PLC; the liquid preparation pool is respectively connected with the water tank and the solvent storage tank through pipelines; and the PLC controls the communication among the water tank, the solvent storage tank and the liquid preparation pool.
9. The oil tea fruit hull and seed separating apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein: and a liquid level meter is arranged in the flotation tank.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201911222903.3A CN110833196A (en) | 2019-12-03 | 2019-12-03 | Oil tea fruit shell and seed separation device and method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201911222903.3A CN110833196A (en) | 2019-12-03 | 2019-12-03 | Oil tea fruit shell and seed separation device and method |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN110833196A true CN110833196A (en) | 2020-02-25 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN201911222903.3A Pending CN110833196A (en) | 2019-12-03 | 2019-12-03 | Oil tea fruit shell and seed separation device and method |
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| CN (1) | CN110833196A (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113455665A (en) * | 2021-07-01 | 2021-10-01 | 塔里木大学 | Two-way separator of walnut shell benevolence cylinder |
| CN115404122A (en) * | 2022-08-01 | 2022-11-29 | 浙江省农业科学院 | Hard shell oil material squeezing device and method |
| WO2023082147A1 (en) * | 2021-11-11 | 2023-05-19 | 湖南大三湘茶油股份有限公司 | Hull separation apparatus for tea-seed oil processing |
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| KR20120117024A (en) * | 2011-04-14 | 2012-10-24 | 서인석 | Apparatus for removing rind of gingko nut |
| CN106475301A (en) * | 2016-09-29 | 2017-03-08 | 清华大学 | A kind of camellia oleifera fruit fresh fruit classification shelling cleaner and method |
| CN107647422A (en) * | 2017-11-28 | 2018-02-02 | 耒阳市金鑫农业科技发展有限公司 | A kind of camellia oleifera fruit huller |
| CN107772497A (en) * | 2017-11-14 | 2018-03-09 | 湖南农业大学 | Impacting type rejuvenator |
| CN108355825A (en) * | 2018-02-08 | 2018-08-03 | 华中科技大学 | A kind of camellia oleifera fruit pretreatment flotation device and method |
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2019
- 2019-12-03 CN CN201911222903.3A patent/CN110833196A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR20120117024A (en) * | 2011-04-14 | 2012-10-24 | 서인석 | Apparatus for removing rind of gingko nut |
| CN106475301A (en) * | 2016-09-29 | 2017-03-08 | 清华大学 | A kind of camellia oleifera fruit fresh fruit classification shelling cleaner and method |
| CN107772497A (en) * | 2017-11-14 | 2018-03-09 | 湖南农业大学 | Impacting type rejuvenator |
| CN107647422A (en) * | 2017-11-28 | 2018-02-02 | 耒阳市金鑫农业科技发展有限公司 | A kind of camellia oleifera fruit huller |
| CN108355825A (en) * | 2018-02-08 | 2018-08-03 | 华中科技大学 | A kind of camellia oleifera fruit pretreatment flotation device and method |
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113455665A (en) * | 2021-07-01 | 2021-10-01 | 塔里木大学 | Two-way separator of walnut shell benevolence cylinder |
| CN113455665B (en) * | 2021-07-01 | 2022-04-08 | 塔里木大学 | Two-way separator of walnut shell benevolence cylinder |
| WO2023082147A1 (en) * | 2021-11-11 | 2023-05-19 | 湖南大三湘茶油股份有限公司 | Hull separation apparatus for tea-seed oil processing |
| CN115404122A (en) * | 2022-08-01 | 2022-11-29 | 浙江省农业科学院 | Hard shell oil material squeezing device and method |
| CN115404122B (en) * | 2022-08-01 | 2023-11-24 | 浙江省农业科学院 | Hard shell oil squeezing device and method |
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Application publication date: 20200225 |
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