CN110819835A - Long-life high-power storage battery and grid alloy - Google Patents
Long-life high-power storage battery and grid alloy Download PDFInfo
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- CN110819835A CN110819835A CN201911149473.7A CN201911149473A CN110819835A CN 110819835 A CN110819835 A CN 110819835A CN 201911149473 A CN201911149473 A CN 201911149473A CN 110819835 A CN110819835 A CN 110819835A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
- C22C1/03—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting using master alloys
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C11/00—Alloys based on lead
- C22C11/06—Alloys based on lead with tin as the next major constituent
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C11/00—Alloys based on lead
- C22C11/08—Alloys based on lead with antimony or bismuth as the next major constituent
- C22C11/10—Alloys based on lead with antimony or bismuth as the next major constituent with tin
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C13/00—Alloys based on tin
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/06—Lead-acid accumulators
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/64—Carriers or collectors
- H01M4/66—Selection of materials
- H01M4/68—Selection of materials for use in lead-acid accumulators
- H01M4/685—Lead alloys
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/64—Carriers or collectors
- H01M4/70—Carriers or collectors characterised by shape or form
- H01M4/72—Grids
- H01M4/73—Grids for lead-acid accumulators, e.g. frame plates
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Abstract
The invention relates to a long-life high-power storage battery and a grid alloy, wherein the grid alloy of the storage battery is prepared by melting the following materials in percentage by weight: lead, antimony, tin alloy, calcium, aluminum, copper, zinc and silver. The preparation method of the grid alloy comprises the following steps: weighing the raw materials according to the ingredients, and completely melting the tin alloy and the zinc at 500-600 ℃ to form a tin-zinc alloy; heating to 600-700 ℃, and completely melting calcium, aluminum and silver to form a calcium-aluminum-silver alloy; heating to 700-800 ℃, and completely melting antimony and copper to form antimony-copper alloy; and heating to 800-100 ℃, melting the lead, sequentially adding the tin-zinc alloy, the calcium-aluminum-silver alloy and the antimony-copper alloy, completely melting, and uniformly stirring to obtain the grid alloy. The grid alloy can improve the deep discharge cycle performance of the storage battery and prolong the service life of the storage battery. The prepared storage battery has the characteristics of long service life and high power.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of storage batteries, and particularly relates to a long-life high-power storage battery and a grid alloy.
Background
Batteries were invented in 1859 by planter (plantate) and have been in history for over a hundred years to date. Although the traditional lead-acid storage battery has the history of more than one hundred and fifty years, has the advantages of mature technology, rich raw materials and safe and stable use performance, the traditional lead-acid storage battery seriously restricts the survival and development of the traditional lead-acid storage battery due to the defects of lagging production process, low specific energy, serious environmental pollution, heavy quality, slow charging, short service life and the like.
Lead acid batteries have been widely used since 1859. Because of its sturdiness and durability, good heavy current discharge performance, safe operation, wide applicable temperature range and low cost, it is often used as the starting power supply of diesel locomotive and hybrid electric vehicle, and also used as the backup power supply, renewable energy storage and power grid peak regulation. Lead-acid storage batteries have already occupied more than 80% of the market share in the use of secondary power supplies.
Grids are important components of lead acid batteries and serve to contain the active material and shape the plates. At present, the lead-acid battery grid is mainly made of metal alloy materials, the common materials are lead-antimony, lead-calcium and other alloys, and the lead-calcium alloy is a metal alloy material which is used for manufacturing the maintenance-free lead-acid battery grid at present. However, the metal lead alloy grid has larger weight, so that the whole lead-acid storage battery has large weight and is very heavy; and the service life of the lead-acid storage battery is greatly shortened due to the fact that the lead-acid storage battery is easy to corrode.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a long-life high-power storage battery and a grid alloy, wherein the long-life high-power storage battery prepared from the grid alloy has the characteristics of long life and high power, and is small in internal resistance and light in weight.
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a storage battery grid alloy is prepared by melting the following materials in percentage by weight: lead, antimony, tin alloy, calcium, aluminum, copper, zinc and silver.
As a preferable scheme, the battery grid alloy is prepared by melting the following materials in percentage by weight: 1-2% of antimony, 0.8-1.2% of tin alloy, 0.6-0.8% of calcium, 0.4-0.6% of aluminum, 0.2-0.4% of copper, 0.1-0.3% of zinc, 0.05-0.015% of silver and the balance of lead.
As a most preferred scheme, the battery grid alloy is prepared by melting the following materials in percentage by weight: 1.5 percent of antimony, 1 percent of tin alloy, 0.7 percent of calcium, 0.5 percent of aluminum, 0.3 percent of copper, 0.2 percent of zinc, 0.1 percent of silver and the balance of lead.
As a preferable mode, the tin alloy has the following composition: 2.0-2.5% of indium, 0.2-0.5% of bismuth, 0.1-0.2% of gallium, 0.05-0.1% of arsenic, 0.1-1.0% of rare earth and the balance of tin.
Preferably, the rare earth is samarium, yttrium or cerium-rich mischmetal consisting of cerium and lanthanum.
As a preferable scheme, the preparation method of the tin alloy comprises the following steps: weighing indium, bismuth, gallium, tin-arsenic intermediate alloy and intermediate alloy tin-rare earth with the purity of 99.99, putting the indium into a smelting furnace for smelting, vacuumizing until the pressure in the furnace is 0.005-0.010 Pa, then filling argon to 0.2-0.3 MPa, heating to 550-650 ℃, and preserving heat until the indium is completely molten; adding bismuth and gallium, and keeping the temperature until the bismuth and the gallium are completely melted; adding tin, and keeping the temperature until the tin is completely melted; adding the intermediate alloy tin-arsenic, and keeping the temperature until the intermediate alloy tin-arsenic is completely melted; adding the intermediate alloy tin-rare earth, and preserving the heat until the intermediate alloy tin-rare earth is completely melted; cooling to 400 ℃ and casting into ingots to obtain the tin alloy.
As a preferable scheme, the preparation method of the tin-arsenic intermediate alloy comprises the following steps: weighing tin and arsenic according to a mass ratio of 93:7, putting the tin and arsenic into a smelting furnace, vacuumizing until the pressure in the furnace is 0.005-0.01 Pa, then introducing argon to 0.2-0.3 MPa until the ingredients are completely melted, cooling the melt to be completely solidified, turning the solidified melt, and repeating the steps of melting, cooling and turning for 2-4 times to obtain the intermediate alloy tin-arsenic.
As a preferable scheme, the preparation method of the tin-rare earth intermediate alloy comprises the following steps: weighing tin and rare earth according to a mass ratio of 98.5:1.5, putting the tin and rare earth into a smelting furnace, vacuumizing until the pressure in the furnace is 0.005-0.01 Pa, then filling argon to 0.2-0.3 MPa until the ingredients are completely melted, cooling the melt to be completely solidified, turning the solidified melt over, and repeating the steps of melting, cooling and turning over for 2-4 times to obtain the intermediate alloy tin-rare earth.
As a preferred scheme, the preparation method of the battery grid alloy comprises the following steps: weighing the raw materials according to the ingredients, and completely melting the tin alloy and the zinc at 500-600 ℃ to form a tin-zinc alloy; heating to 600-700 ℃, and completely melting calcium, aluminum and silver to form a calcium-aluminum-silver alloy; heating to 700-800 ℃, and completely melting antimony and copper to form antimony-copper alloy; and heating to 800-100 ℃, melting the lead, sequentially adding the tin-zinc alloy, the calcium-aluminum-silver alloy and the antimony-copper alloy, completely melting, and uniformly stirring to obtain the grid alloy.
As a most preferable scheme, the preparation method of the battery grid alloy comprises the following steps: weighing the raw materials according to the ingredients, and completely melting the tin alloy and the zinc at 550 ℃ to form the tin-zinc alloy; heating to 650 ℃, and completely melting calcium, aluminum and silver to form calcium-aluminum-silver alloy; heating to 750 deg.c to melt antimony and copper completely to form antimony-copper alloy; and heating to 900 ℃, melting the lead, sequentially adding the tin-zinc alloy, the calcium-aluminum-silver alloy and the antimony-copper alloy, completely melting, and uniformly stirring to obtain the grid alloy.
A long-life high-power storage battery comprising the battery grid alloy produced as described above.
Has the advantages that: (1) the invention improves the performance of the grid alloy by reasonable formula proportion and adding tin alloy. (2) The invention improves the conductivity and strength of the tin alloy, thereby improving the performance of the grid alloy and the performance of the storage battery; (3) the grid alloy can improve the deep discharge cycle performance of the battery and prolong the service life of the storage battery; (4) the accumulator made by the invention has the characteristics of long service life and high power.
Detailed Description
To make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail and fully below. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1
Storage battery grid alloy
The battery grid alloy is prepared by melting the following materials in percentage by weight: 1.5 percent of antimony, 1 percent of tin alloy, 0.7 percent of calcium, 0.5 percent of aluminum, 0.3 percent of copper, 0.2 percent of zinc, 0.1 percent of silver and the balance of lead.
The tin alloy comprises the following components: 2.2% of indium, 0.3% of bismuth, 0.12% of gallium, 0.08% of arsenic, 0.2% of rare earth and the balance of tin.
The rare earth is samarium, yttrium or cerium-rich mischmetal composed of cerium and lanthanum.
The preparation method of the tin alloy comprises the following steps: weighing indium, bismuth, gallium, tin-arsenic intermediate alloy and intermediate alloy tin-rare earth with the purity of 99.99, putting the indium into a smelting furnace for smelting, vacuumizing until the pressure in the furnace is 0.008Pa, then filling argon to 0.25MPa, heating to 580 ℃, and preserving heat until the indium is completely melted; adding bismuth and gallium, and keeping the temperature until the bismuth and the gallium are completely melted; adding tin, and keeping the temperature until the tin is completely melted; adding the intermediate alloy tin-arsenic, and keeping the temperature until the intermediate alloy tin-arsenic is completely melted; adding the intermediate alloy tin-rare earth, and preserving the heat until the intermediate alloy tin-rare earth is completely melted; cooling to 400 ℃ and casting into ingots to obtain the tin alloy.
The preparation method of the tin-arsenic intermediate alloy comprises the following steps: weighing tin and arsenic according to a mass ratio of 93:7, putting the tin and arsenic into a smelting furnace, vacuumizing until the pressure in the furnace is 0.008Pa, then filling argon to 0.25MPa until the ingredients are completely melted, cooling the melt to be completely solidified, turning the solidified melt, and repeating the steps of melting, cooling and turning for 3 times to obtain the intermediate alloy tin-arsenic.
The preparation method of the tin-rare earth intermediate alloy comprises the following steps: weighing tin and rare earth according to a mass ratio of 98.5:1.5, putting the tin and rare earth into a smelting furnace, vacuumizing until the pressure in the furnace is 0.008Pa, then filling argon to 0.25MPa until the ingredients are completely melted, cooling the melt to be completely solidified, turning the solidified melt over, and repeating the steps of melting, cooling and turning over for 3 times to obtain the intermediate alloy tin-rare earth.
The preparation method of the storage battery grid alloy comprises the following steps: weighing the raw materials according to the ingredients, and completely melting the tin alloy and the zinc at 550 ℃ to form the tin-zinc alloy; heating to 650 ℃, and completely melting calcium, aluminum and silver to form calcium-aluminum-silver alloy; heating to 750 deg.c to melt antimony and copper completely to form antimony-copper alloy; and heating to 900 ℃, melting the lead, sequentially adding the tin-zinc alloy, the calcium-aluminum-silver alloy and the antimony-copper alloy, completely melting, and uniformly stirring to obtain the grid alloy.
The grid alloy of the long-life high-power storage battery is the grid alloy manufactured by the method.
Example 2
Storage battery grid alloy
The battery grid alloy is prepared by melting the following materials in percentage by weight: 1% of antimony, 1.2% of tin alloy, 0.8% of calcium, 0.4% of aluminum, 0.4% of copper, 0.1% of zinc, 0.015% of silver and the balance of lead.
The tin alloy comprises the following components: 2.2% of indium, 0.3% of bismuth, 0.12% of gallium, 0.08% of arsenic, 0.2% of rare earth and the balance of tin.
The rare earth is samarium, yttrium or cerium-rich mischmetal composed of cerium and lanthanum.
The preparation method of the tin alloy comprises the following steps: weighing indium, bismuth, gallium, tin-arsenic intermediate alloy and intermediate alloy tin-rare earth with the purity of 99.99, putting the indium into a smelting furnace for smelting, vacuumizing until the pressure in the furnace is 0.008Pa, then filling argon to 0.25MPa, heating to 580 ℃, and preserving heat until the indium is completely melted; adding bismuth and gallium, and keeping the temperature until the bismuth and the gallium are completely melted; adding tin, and keeping the temperature until the tin is completely melted; adding the intermediate alloy tin-arsenic, and keeping the temperature until the intermediate alloy tin-arsenic is completely melted; adding the intermediate alloy tin-rare earth, and preserving the heat until the intermediate alloy tin-rare earth is completely melted; cooling to 400 ℃ and casting into ingots to obtain the tin alloy.
The preparation method of the tin-arsenic intermediate alloy comprises the following steps: weighing tin and arsenic according to a mass ratio of 93:7, putting the tin and arsenic into a smelting furnace, vacuumizing until the pressure in the furnace is 0.008Pa, then filling argon to 0.25MPa until the ingredients are completely melted, cooling the melt to be completely solidified, turning the solidified melt, and repeating the steps of melting, cooling and turning for 3 times to obtain the intermediate alloy tin-arsenic.
The preparation method of the tin-rare earth intermediate alloy comprises the following steps: weighing tin and rare earth according to a mass ratio of 98.5:1.5, putting the tin and rare earth into a smelting furnace, vacuumizing until the pressure in the furnace is 0.008Pa, then filling argon to 0.25MPa until the ingredients are completely melted, cooling the melt to be completely solidified, turning the solidified melt over, and repeating the steps of melting, cooling and turning over for 3 times to obtain the intermediate alloy tin-rare earth.
The preparation method of the grid alloy comprises the following steps: weighing the raw materials according to the ingredients, and completely melting the tin alloy and the zinc at 550 ℃ to form the tin-zinc alloy; heating to 650 ℃, and completely melting calcium, aluminum and silver to form calcium-aluminum-silver alloy; heating to 750 deg.c to melt antimony and copper completely to form antimony-copper alloy; and heating to 900 ℃, melting the lead, sequentially adding the tin-zinc alloy, the calcium-aluminum-silver alloy and the antimony-copper alloy, completely melting, and uniformly stirring to obtain the grid alloy.
The grid alloy of the long-life high-power storage battery is the grid alloy manufactured by the method.
Example 3
Storage battery grid alloy
The battery grid alloy is prepared by melting the following materials in percentage by weight: 2% of antimony, 0.8% of tin alloy, 0.6% of calcium, 0.6% of aluminum, 0.2% of copper, 0.3% of zinc, 0.05% of silver and the balance of lead.
The tin alloy comprises the following components: 2.2% of indium, 0.3% of bismuth, 0.12% of gallium, 0.08% of arsenic, 0.2% of rare earth and the balance of tin.
The rare earth is samarium, yttrium or cerium-rich mischmetal composed of cerium and lanthanum.
The preparation method of the tin alloy comprises the following steps: weighing indium, bismuth, gallium, tin-arsenic intermediate alloy and intermediate alloy tin-rare earth with the purity of 99.99, putting the indium into a smelting furnace for smelting, vacuumizing until the pressure in the furnace is 0.008Pa, then filling argon to 0.25MPa, heating to 580 ℃, and preserving heat until the indium is completely melted; adding bismuth and gallium, and keeping the temperature until the bismuth and the gallium are completely melted; adding tin, and keeping the temperature until the tin is completely melted; adding the intermediate alloy tin-arsenic, and keeping the temperature until the intermediate alloy tin-arsenic is completely melted; adding the intermediate alloy tin-rare earth, and preserving the heat until the intermediate alloy tin-rare earth is completely melted; cooling to 400 ℃ and casting into ingots to obtain the tin alloy.
The preparation method of the tin-arsenic intermediate alloy comprises the following steps: weighing tin and arsenic according to a mass ratio of 93:7, putting the tin and arsenic into a smelting furnace, vacuumizing until the pressure in the furnace is 0.008Pa, then filling argon to 0.25MPa until the ingredients are completely melted, cooling the melt to be completely solidified, turning the solidified melt, and repeating the steps of melting, cooling and turning for 3 times to obtain the intermediate alloy tin-arsenic.
The preparation method of the tin-rare earth intermediate alloy comprises the following steps: weighing tin and rare earth according to a mass ratio of 98.5:1.5, putting the tin and rare earth into a smelting furnace, vacuumizing until the pressure in the furnace is 0.008Pa, then filling argon to 0.25MPa until the ingredients are completely melted, cooling the melt to be completely solidified, turning the solidified melt over, and repeating the steps of melting, cooling and turning over for 3 times to obtain the intermediate alloy tin-rare earth.
The preparation method of the grid alloy comprises the following steps: weighing the raw materials according to the ingredients, and completely melting the tin alloy and the zinc at 550 ℃ to form the tin-zinc alloy; heating to 650 ℃, and completely melting calcium, aluminum and silver to form calcium-aluminum-silver alloy; heating to 750 deg.c to melt antimony and copper completely to form antimony-copper alloy; and heating to 900 ℃, melting the lead, sequentially adding the tin-zinc alloy, the calcium-aluminum-silver alloy and the antimony-copper alloy, completely melting, and uniformly stirring to obtain the grid alloy.
The grid alloy of the long-life high-power storage battery is the grid alloy manufactured by the method.
Comparative example 1
Storage battery grid alloy
The battery grid alloy is prepared by melting the following materials in percentage by weight: 1.5 percent of antimony, 1 percent of tin, 0.7 percent of calcium, 0.5 percent of aluminum, 0.3 percent of copper, 0.2 percent of zinc, 0.1 percent of silver and the balance of lead.
The tin used in this comparative example was ordinary tin
The preparation method of the grid alloy comprises the following steps: weighing the raw materials according to the ingredients, and completely melting tin and zinc at 550 ℃ to form a tin-zinc alloy; heating to 650 ℃, and completely melting calcium, aluminum and silver to form calcium-aluminum-silver alloy; heating to 750 deg.c to melt antimony and copper completely to form antimony-copper alloy; and heating to 900 ℃, melting the lead, sequentially adding the tin-zinc alloy, the calcium-aluminum-silver alloy and the antimony-copper alloy, completely melting, and uniformly stirring to obtain the grid alloy.
The grid alloy of the long-life high-power storage battery is the grid alloy manufactured by the method.
Comparative example 2
Storage battery grid alloy
The battery grid alloy is prepared by melting the following materials in percentage by weight: 1.5 percent of stibium, 0.7 percent of calcium, 0.5 percent of aluminum, 0.3 percent of copper, 0.2 percent of zinc, 0.1 percent of silver and the balance of lead.
This example does not contain tin alloys.
The preparation method of the grid alloy comprises the following steps: weighing the raw materials according to the ingredients, and completely melting tin and zinc at 550 ℃ to form a tin-zinc alloy; heating to 650 ℃, and completely melting calcium, aluminum and silver to form calcium-aluminum-silver alloy; heating to 750 deg.c to melt antimony and copper completely to form antimony-copper alloy; and heating to 900 ℃, melting the lead, sequentially adding the tin-zinc alloy, the calcium-aluminum-silver alloy and the antimony-copper alloy, completely melting, and uniformly stirring to obtain the grid alloy.
The grid alloy of the long-life high-power storage battery is the grid alloy manufactured by the method.
In order to further prove the effect of the invention, the storage battery produced by adopting the storage battery grid of the embodiment and the storage battery produced by adopting the conventional grid are subjected to cycle life tests (according to GB/T221992008 sealed lead-acid storage batteries for electric mopeds), and the comparison data of the cycle life tests of the storage battery are shown in Table 1. Here, the capacity is expressed as a discharge time in a cycle life test, and since the discharge time multiplied by a discharge current is the capacity of the battery, the discharge time may represent the capacity of the battery, and the capacity unit in the table is minutes (min). The pressure difference refers to the deviation between the highest value and the lowest value of a single battery when the discharge of the storage battery pack is ended
TABLE 1 storage battery cycle life test comparison data table
It can be seen from table 1 that the capacity and the differential pressure of the storage battery using the conventional grid and the storage battery using the grid of the present embodiment are substantially the same in the first 100 times, but the storage capacity using the conventional grid after 100 times is rapidly reduced and the differential pressure is increased, whereas the storage battery using the grid of the present invention has a much smaller capacity and an increased differential pressure, but the reduction of the capacity is much smaller than the former and the change of the differential pressure is smaller. As can be seen from comparing example 1 with examples 2 and 3, the properties of the grid alloys prepared from the grid alloys with different proportions are different, so that the properties of the prepared storage batteries are also different, and example 1 is the best implementation mode; comparative example 1 it can be seen from comparative example 1 that the tin alloy of the present invention has a greater improvement in battery performance than conventional tin; comparing example 1 with comparative example 2, it can be known that the tin alloy prepared by the invention can obviously improve the performance of the storage battery; the formula of the grid alloy, the tin alloy, the preparation method of the tin alloy and the preparation method of the grid alloy can obviously improve the performance of the storage battery, deeply improve the deep discharge cycle performance of the battery and prolong the service life of the storage battery.
The foregoing shows and describes the general principles, essential features, and advantages of the invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, which are merely illustrative of the principles of the invention, but that various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, which fall within the scope of the invention as claimed. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.
Claims (10)
1. The battery grid alloy is characterized by being prepared by melting the following materials in percentage by weight: lead, antimony, tin alloy, calcium, aluminum, copper, zinc and silver.
2. The battery grid alloy of claim 1, wherein the battery grid alloy is made by melting the following materials in weight percent: 1-2% of antimony, 0.8-1.2% of tin alloy, 0.6-0.8% of calcium, 0.4-0.6% of aluminum, 0.2-0.4% of copper, 0.1-0.3% of zinc, 0.05-0.015% of silver and the balance of lead.
3. The battery grid alloy of claim 1, wherein the battery grid alloy is made by melting the following materials in weight percent: 1.5 percent of antimony, 1 percent of tin alloy, 0.7 percent of calcium, 0.5 percent of aluminum, 0.3 percent of copper, 0.2 percent of zinc, 0.1 percent of silver and the balance of lead.
4. The battery grid alloy of claim 1, wherein the tin alloy has a composition of: 2.0-2.5% of indium, 0.2-0.5% of bismuth, 0.1-0.2% of gallium, 0.05-0.1% of arsenic, 0.1-1.0% of rare earth and the balance of tin.
5. The battery grid alloy of claim 4, wherein the rare earth is samarium, yttrium, or a cerium-rich mischmetal comprising cerium and lanthanum.
6. The battery grid alloy of claim 4, wherein the tin alloy is prepared by a method comprising:
weighing indium, bismuth, gallium, tin-arsenic intermediate alloy and intermediate alloy tin-rare earth with the purity of 99.99, putting the indium into a smelting furnace for smelting, vacuumizing until the pressure in the furnace is 0.005-0.010 Pa, then filling argon to 0.2-0.3 MPa, heating to 550-650 ℃, and preserving heat until the indium is completely molten; adding bismuth and gallium, and keeping the temperature until the bismuth and the gallium are completely melted; adding tin, and keeping the temperature until the tin is completely melted; adding the intermediate alloy tin-arsenic, and keeping the temperature until the intermediate alloy tin-arsenic is completely melted; adding the intermediate alloy tin-rare earth, and preserving the heat until the intermediate alloy tin-rare earth is completely melted; cooling to 400 ℃ and casting into ingots to obtain the tin alloy.
7. The method for preparing the tin alloy according to claim 6, wherein the method for preparing the tin-arsenic master alloy comprises the following steps: weighing tin and arsenic according to a mass ratio of 93:7, putting the tin and arsenic into a smelting furnace, vacuumizing until the pressure in the furnace is 0.005-0.01 Pa, then introducing argon to 0.2-0.3 MPa until the ingredients are completely melted, cooling the melt to be completely solidified, turning the solidified melt, and repeating the steps of melting, cooling and turning for 2-4 times to obtain intermediate alloy tin-arsenic; the preparation method of the tin-rare earth intermediate alloy comprises the following steps: weighing tin and rare earth according to a mass ratio of 98.5:1.5, putting the tin and rare earth into a smelting furnace, vacuumizing until the pressure in the furnace is 0.005-0.01 Pa, then filling argon to 0.2-0.3 MPa until the ingredients are completely melted, cooling the melt to be completely solidified, turning the solidified melt over, and repeating the steps of melting, cooling and turning over for 2-4 times to obtain the intermediate alloy tin-rare earth.
8. The battery grid alloy of claim 1, wherein the battery grid alloy is prepared by the method comprising: weighing the raw materials according to the ingredients, and completely melting the tin alloy and the zinc at 500-600 ℃ to form a tin-zinc alloy; heating to 600-700 ℃, and completely melting calcium, aluminum and silver to form a calcium-aluminum-silver alloy; heating to 700-800 ℃, and completely melting antimony and copper to form antimony-copper alloy; and heating to 800-100 ℃, melting the lead, sequentially adding the tin-zinc alloy, the calcium-aluminum-silver alloy and the antimony-copper alloy, completely melting, and uniformly stirring to obtain the grid alloy.
9. The battery grid alloy of claim 1, wherein the battery grid alloy is prepared by the method comprising: weighing the raw materials according to the ingredients, and completely melting the tin alloy and the zinc at 550 ℃ to form the tin-zinc alloy; heating to 650 ℃, and completely melting calcium, aluminum and silver to form calcium-aluminum-silver alloy; heating to 750 deg.c to melt antimony and copper completely to form antimony-copper alloy; and heating to 900 ℃, melting the lead, sequentially adding the tin-zinc alloy, the calcium-aluminum-silver alloy and the antimony-copper alloy, completely melting, and uniformly stirring to obtain the grid alloy.
10. A long life high power storage battery comprising a battery grid alloy according to any one of claims 1 to 9.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201911149473.7A CN110819835A (en) | 2019-11-21 | 2019-11-21 | Long-life high-power storage battery and grid alloy |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
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