CN110800490B - Application of cold plasma treatment in promoting survival and growth of grafted tomatoes - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses application of cold plasma treatment in promoting survival and growth of grafted tomatoes. Firstly, placing tomato scion variety seeds in a cold plasma treatment machine, and carrying out non-ionizing radiation treatment on the tomato seeds for 10s under the treatment dosage of 150W; meanwhile, the tomato stock variety seeds are placed in a cold plasma treatment machine, and the tomato seeds are subjected to non-ionizing radiation treatment for 10s under the treatment dosage of 75W. And then adopting a conventional method to perform seedling raising and grafting to produce tomato grafted seedlings. The invention can improve the survival rate of the tomato grafted seedlings; promoting the growth of the grafted seedlings and shortening the growth period of the grafted seedlings; the use of grafting healing agents is reduced, and green production of vegetables is realized; the cold plasma treatment dosage of the invention is controllable, and the optimal treatment dosage suitable for the production of the grafted seedling of a specific plant can be found out through repeated tests, thereby being convenient for industrial operation.

Description

Application of cold plasma treatment in promoting survival and growth of grafted tomatoes

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the field of tomato planting, and particularly relates to application of cold plasma treatment to promotion of survival and growth of grafted tomatoes.

Background

Tomatoes are important facility vegetable crops in China and play a significant role in the industrial seedling raising industry. In recent years, due to the fact that facility environment is closed, continuous cropping years are increased, diseases and insect pests are frequent, and the demand of tomato producers for grafted tomato seedlings is increased day by day. At present, grafting methods commonly used in the industrial seedling raising process of tomatoes comprise a grafting method, a cleft grafting method and a inarching method. However, any grafting method can result in a certain grafting death rate, prolong the seedling raising time and influence the economic benefit. Therefore, the grafted seedling producers often adopt some grafting healing agents mainly comprising chemical components such as 2,4-D, naphthylacetic acid and the like to improve the survival rate of the grafted seedlings, but the drugs all belong to hormone drugs and do not meet the requirements of green production and development. Therefore, the development and utilization of the low-investment pollution-free green grafting quality-improving and efficiency-increasing technology becomes an urgent problem to be solved in the factory production of the grafted seedlings.

The cold plasma is a substance in which a solid state, a liquid state, and a gas state coexist, and is in a substance form in which a large amount of free electrons and charged ions are main components. It has been shown that the active particles present in large amounts in cold plasma are capable of acting on plants, causing alterations in various growth and metabolic processes. However, no report is found about whether the cold plasma treatment of tomato and other plant seeds can promote the survival of grafted seedlings and the healthy growth of the grafted seedlings.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the prior art, the invention provides the application of cold plasma treatment in promoting survival and growth of grafted tomatoes, and the cold plasma treatment with proper dosage is applied to tomato scion variety seeds and tomato stock variety seeds, so that the survival rate of tomato grafted seedlings is improved, and the seedling period of the grafted seedlings is shortened.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:

in a first aspect of the invention, there is provided the use of cold plasma treatment to optimise tomato grafting.

Preferably, the cold plasma treatment is: carrying out cold plasma treatment on the tomato scion variety seeds and carrying out cold plasma treatment on the tomato stock variety seeds.

Preferably, the cold plasma treatment of the tomato scion variety seeds comprises the following steps: tomato scion variety seeds were subjected to non-ionizing radiation treatment at a treatment dose of 150W for 10 s.

Preferably, the cold plasma treatment of the tomato stock variety seeds comprises the following steps: the tomato stock variety seeds were subjected to non-ionizing radiation treatment for 10s at a treatment dose of 75W.

Preferably, the optimized tomato grafts are as follows:

(1) the survival rate of the grafted tomato seedlings is improved;

(2) promoting the growth of the grafted seedlings and shortening the growth period of the grafted seedlings;

(3) the use of grafting healing agent is reduced, and green production of vegetables is realized.

In a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for improving grafting survival rate of tomato by treating tomato seeds with cold plasma, the method comprising the steps of:

(1) carrying out cold plasma treatment on tomato scion variety seeds;

(2) carrying out cold plasma treatment on tomato stock variety seeds;

(3) sowing the seeds treated in the step (1) and the seeds treated in the step (2) and raising seedlings by adopting a conventional method to obtain scion seedlings and stock seedlings;

(4) and (4) grafting the scion seedlings obtained in the step (3) into the stock seedlings by adopting a conventional method to produce tomato grafted seedlings.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

(1) the method can improve the survival rate of the tomato grafted seedlings.

(2) The method of the invention can promote the growth of the grafted seedling and shorten the growth period of the grafted seedling.

(3) The method can reduce the use of grafting healing agent and realize green production of vegetables.

(4) The cold plasma treatment dosage of the invention is controllable, and the optimal treatment dosage suitable for the production of the grafted seedling of a specific plant can be found out through repeated tests, thereby being convenient for industrial operation.

Detailed Description

It should be noted that the following detailed description is exemplary and is intended to provide further explanation of the disclosure. Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs.

As mentioned in the background, cold plasma is an approximate model of plasma, meaning that it assumes that the temperature of the plasma is zero. The cold plasma seed treatment technology refers to the physical principle that cosmos plasma rays influence seeds in space breeding, so that the seeds are subjected to plasma irradiation and alternating inductance in a machine, the potential energy of the seeds is excited, the vitality of the seeds is improved, and the robustness of the seeds is enhanced. At present, cold plasma treatment of plant seeds to improve yield, product quality and breeding level has been reported. But the treatment to the seeds is not that the larger the dosage is, the better the treatment is, and the influence and the obtained effect of different dosages on the seeds are different; and the cold plasma treatment has different crop parts and different effects. When crops are grafted, the selection of the rootstocks is the basic work of grafting, and determines whether the grafting can be successful or not. Grafting generally aims at improving the stress resistance and disease resistance of cultivation, and the resistance of the rootstock plays an important role in grafting seedlings. Therefore, the screening of high-yield and high-resistance stocks is the key for improving the grafting cultivation quality and effect. However, the parental stock selection also needs to be considered for its affinity and operability with the scion. And the traditional grafting method has the problems of low survival rate, time-consuming grafting operation and the like. Based on the method, the inventor uses the cold plasmas with different doses to treat the tomato seeds from the angle of improving the survival rate of grafted tomato and promoting the growth of grafted seedlings, then normal seedling culture and grafting are carried out, and finally the optimal treatment dose of grafted seedling production is obtained, so that the industrial seedling culture is facilitated, and the economic benefit of industrial operation is improved. The invention firstly discovers that the tomato scion and stock seed are treated by adopting the treatment dosage and treatment time of the invention, the tomato grafting survival rate can be improved, the grafting time can be shortened, and the invention has wide application prospect for industrial seedling culture.

In order to make the technical solutions of the present application more clearly understood by those skilled in the art, the technical solutions of the present application will be described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments. The test materials used in the examples of the present invention are all conventional in the art and commercially available.

Example (b):

(1) the tomato scion variety (golden shed number one) seeds were cold plasma treated for 10s with a treatment dose of 150W.

(2) The tomato stock variety (eurotus 68) seeds were cold plasma treated for 10s with a treatment dose of 75W.

(3) Adopting a plug substrate for seedling culture, sowing the scion and the stock seeds in the seedling culture substrate, wherein the seeding time of the scion seeds is 1 week later than that of the stock seeds, and grafting when the stock seeds germinate and grow to 3-leaf stage.

(4) Under the condition of shading, transversely cutting the upper part of a cotyledon of the stock seedling, downwards inserting a bamboo stick with the same thickness as the scion into a hole with the depth of 1-1.5 cm at the cut, cutting the scion seedling into a wedge shape under the first main leaf, and then inserting the scion seedling into the stock seedling to finish grafting. Transplanting grafted seedlings into a seedling raising shed after grafting, spraying water to leaves by using a sprayer to moisturize, keeping the air humidity about 90%, and ventilating and training the seedlings after 1 week.

(5) The survival rate of the grafted seedlings and the time required for seedling raising in the examples were counted, and the results are shown in Table 1.

TABLE 1 influence of cold plasma treatment of tomato seeds on survival rate and seedling time of tomato grafted seedlings

Comparative example 1:

(1) tomato scion variety (golden shed number one) seeds were cold plasma treated with treatment doses of 0, 25, 50, 75, 100, 125, 150, 175 and 200W for 10 s.

(2) Tomato rootstock variety (eurotus 68) seeds were not cold plasma treated.

(3) Adopting a plug substrate for seedling culture, sowing the scion and the stock seeds in the seedling culture substrate, wherein the seeding time of the scion seeds is 1 week later than that of the stock seeds, and grafting when the stock seeds germinate and grow to 3-leaf stage.

(4) Under the condition of shading, transversely cutting the upper part of a cotyledon of the stock seedling, downwards inserting a bamboo stick with the same thickness as the scion into a hole with the depth of 1-1.5 cm at the cut, cutting the scion seedling into a wedge shape under the first main leaf, and then inserting the scion seedling into the stock seedling to finish grafting. Transplanting grafted seedlings into a seedling raising shed after grafting, spraying water to leaves by using a sprayer to moisturize, keeping the air humidity about 90%, and ventilating and training the seedlings after 1 week.

(5) The survival rate of the grafted seedlings and the time required for seedling raising under each treatment were counted, and the results are shown in table 2.

TABLE 2 influence of cold plasma treatment of tomato scion seeds on survival rate and seedling time of tomato grafted seedlings

Comparative example 2:

(1) tomato scion variety (golden greenhouse number one) seeds were not cold plasma treated.

(2) Tomato rootstock variety (eurotum 68) seeds were cold plasma treated with treatment doses of 0, 25, 50, 75, 100, 125, 150, 175 and 200W for 10 s.

(3) Adopting a plug substrate for seedling culture, sowing the scion and the stock seeds in the seedling culture substrate, wherein the seeding time of the scion seeds is 1 week later than that of the stock seeds, and grafting when the stock seeds germinate and grow to 3-leaf stage.

(4) Under the condition of shading, transversely cutting the upper part of a cotyledon of the stock seedling, downwards inserting a bamboo stick with the same thickness as the scion into a hole with the depth of 1-1.5 cm at the cut, cutting the scion seedling into a wedge shape under the first main leaf, and then inserting the scion seedling into the stock seedling to finish grafting. Transplanting grafted seedlings into a seedling raising shed after grafting, spraying water to leaves by using a sprayer to moisturize, keeping the air humidity about 90%, and ventilating and training the seedlings after 1 week.

(5) The survival rate of the grafted seedlings and the time required for seedling raising under each treatment were counted, and the results are shown in table 3.

Table 3 influence of cold plasma treatment of tomato stock seeds on survival rate and seedling time of tomato grafted seedlings

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims (2)

1. Use of cold plasma treatment for optimizing tomato grafting, characterized in that the cold plasma treatment is: carrying out cold plasma treatment on the tomato scion variety seeds and carrying out cold plasma treatment on the tomato stock variety seeds;

the cold plasma treatment of tomato scion variety seeds comprises the following steps: placing tomato scion variety seeds under 150W of treatment dosage for 10s of non-ionizing radiation treatment;

the cold plasma treatment of the tomato stock variety seeds comprises the following steps: placing the tomato stock variety seeds under a treatment dosage of 75W for 10s of non-ionizing radiation treatment;

the optimized tomato grafts are characterized in the following aspects:

(1) the survival rate of the grafted tomato seedlings is improved;

(2) promoting the growth of the grafted seedlings and shortening the growth period of the grafted seedlings;

(3) the use of grafting healing agent is reduced, and green production of vegetables is realized.

2. A method for improving grafting survival rate of tomatoes by treating tomato seeds with cold plasma is characterized by comprising the following steps:

(1) placing tomato scion variety seeds under 150W of treatment dosage for 10s of non-ionizing radiation treatment;

(2) placing the tomato stock variety seeds under a treatment dosage of 75W for 10s of non-ionizing radiation treatment;

(3) sowing the seeds treated in the step (1) and the seeds treated in the step (2) and raising seedlings by adopting a conventional method to obtain scion seedlings and stock seedlings;

(4) and (4) inserting the scion seedling obtained in the step (3) into a stock seedling for grafting by adopting a conventional method to produce a tomato grafted seedling.