CN110795680B - Multi-objective programming based comprehensive evaluation method for state of direct current protection system - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention relates to a direct current protection system state comprehensive evaluation method based on multi-target planning, which comprises the following steps: analyzing influence factors of state evaluation of a direct current protection system, and constructing a direct current protection system state evaluation index system; step two, solving an index weight value by adopting a multi-target planning weighting method based on the direct current protection system state evaluation index system constructed in the step one, and establishing a direct current protection system state evaluation model; and step three, comprehensively evaluating the state of the direct current protection system to obtain an evaluation value F of the state of the direct current protection system. The method constructs the quantitative analysis method of the state of the direct current protection system from multiple angles such as safe operation, equipment reliability, operation and maintenance, solves the weighted value of the multi-target planning method, and effectively avoids the defect of single index evaluation.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of power system equipment state research, in particular to a direct current protection system state comprehensive evaluation method based on multi-target planning.
Background
With the rapid development of renewable energy sources such as wind energy storage and the like and ultrahigh voltage in China, direct current transmission is more concerned by people due to large capacity, long transmission distance, asynchronous power grid interconnection and distributed energy grid connection. The direct-current relay protection system is used as an important guarantee for normal and stable operation of the power system, can monitor various operation parameters and operation states of the power system in real time, can judge and process abnormal states in time, and is an important guarantee for stable operation of a direct-current power transmission system (as shown in fig. 1).
At present, the running state of the direct current protection system equipment is generally evaluated from the reliability of a power grid, quantitative analysis of the running state of the equipment is less involved, the daily running maintenance work of the direct current protection system equipment is mainly based on periodic maintenance and assists certain inspection, and the technical basis of on-line running inspection is lacked due to the lack of pertinence, so that a comprehensive evaluation index system of the direct current protection system state is constructed, and a multi-target planning method is applied to give an index empowerment.
The multi-target planning empowerment method not only integrates the subjective opinions of people, but also avoids the comparative scoring among all targets, and also considers the objective and practical requirements, the method has small required information amount and can obtain satisfactory results, and is particularly suitable for the situation that the empowerment needs to be performed for many times, a representative case can be selected as a base point during practical use so as to obtain the satisfactory results quickly, and the method is programmed on a computer to run very quickly and conveniently.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a multi-target programming-based comprehensive evaluation method for the state of a direct current protection system, which is used for evaluating the running state of direct current transmission protection system equipment and providing an important reference basis for the running maintenance work of the direct current protection system equipment.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a direct current protection system state comprehensive evaluation method based on multi-objective programming comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: analyzing the influence factors of the state evaluation of the direct current protection system, and constructing a direct current protection system state evaluation index system;
step two: solving an index weight value by adopting a multi-target planning weighting method based on the DC protection system state evaluation index system constructed in the first step, and establishing a DC protection system state evaluation model;
step three: and comprehensively evaluating the state of the direct current protection system to obtain an evaluation value F of the state of the direct current protection system.
Further, a direct current protection system state evaluation index system is constructed from multiple angles such as safe operation, equipment reliability and operation and maintenance, and a detailed index calculation formula is as follows:
(1) Safe operation index M 1
Safe operation index M of direct current protection system 1 Including protection of correct action rate M 11 Protection of the fast excision Rate M 12 And the protection device commissioning rate M 13 The calculation formula is as follows:
a) Protection of correct action rate M 11
M 11 ＝F/E*100％ (1)
In the formula, F is the number of correct actions of relay protection; e is the total number of relay protection actions;
b) Protection fast excision rate M 12
M 12 ＝X/T*100％ (2)
In the formula, X represents the number of times of actual fault quick removal; t total number of times fault should be removed rapidly;
c) The commissioning rate M of the protection device 13
M 13 ＝Y/S*100％ (3)
In the formula, Y represents the time when the protection put into the system is in an operating state; s, the main protection is required to be put into operation for the total time;
(2) Equipment reliability index M 2
Equipment reliability index M 2 Including the failure rate M of the DC primary equipment 21 Protection family defect rate index M 22 Failure rate M of protection device 23 Their calculation formulas are respectively as follows: a) Primary equipment failure rate M 21
M 21 ＝t/(t+T)*100％ (4)
In the formula, t represents the total duration of one-time equipment failure in the system; t represents the accumulated normal working time of primary equipment in the system;
b) Protection family Defect Rate index M 22
M 22 ＝B/C*100％ (5)
In the formula, B is the total number of the family defects of the relay protection equipment; c is the total number of the relay protection equipment of the specific direct current system;
c) Failure rate M of protection device 23
M 23 ＝D/C*100％ (6)
In the formula, D is the total number of the relay protection equipment with failure; c is the total number of the direct current protection system reliability systems in a batch;
(3) Operation and maintenance index M 3
The operation and maintenance index of the direct current protection system can be completed by the maintenance completion rate M 31 And protection countermeasure completion rate M 32 Two indexes are considered, and the calculation formula is as follows:
a) Maintenance completion rate M 31
M 31 ＝P/Q*100％ (7)
In the formula, P represents the number of devices which have completed maintenance tasks in the direct current protection system; q represents the total number of the devices planned to be overhauled in the direct-current protection system;
b) Protection countermeasure completion rate M 32
M 32 ＝R/K*100％ (8)
In the formula, R represents the number of counter measures which are completed in time; k represents the total number of actions that should be completed.
Further, the specific implementation process of the step two is as follows:
(1) Relative membership matrix of construction index
Forming q candidate schemes according to actual operation data, wherein each scheme needs to consider p indexes and uses x jk The k index in the j scheme is expressed, and the target matrix (x) can be obtained jk ) p×q Selecting formula of relative membership degree to x for eliminating influence of different dimensions jk Normalized as follows:
1) When the evaluation value is positively correlated with the index value,
2) When the evaluation value is negatively correlated with the index value,
3) The index value is a fixed value
When the evaluation value is the highest, the evaluation value is calculated,
4) The index value is in a certain range [ d j ,d' j ]The time-assessment value is the highest,
wherein, delta j Represent
1≤k≤q，σ j Represents max { d } j -d jmin ,d jmax -d' j Then, a relative membership matrix R = (R) of indices can be obtained jk ) p×q The higher the relative membership of the index is, the better the index value of the scheme is, and a relatively optimal scheme is defined as a base point scheme, namely G 0 ＝(1,1,…,1,1) T ；
(2) Determining a weight vector
Let the weight vector corresponding to p indices be W = (ω) 1 ,ω 2 ,…,ω p-1 ,ω p ) T The closer scheme k is to scheme G 0 The smaller the deviation, the more likely the solution is to be selected, and the deviation from the optimal solution can be measured by equation (13) when the solution k is adopted:
obviously, g k The smaller the (. Omega.) the better;
(3) Establishing a multi-objective planning model
The multi-objective planning model is built accordingly as follows:
since each scheme is independent of the others, the problem of planning the targets can be decomposed into a plurality of single-target planning problems, i.e.
(4) Calculating the weight
The lagrange function is constructed as follows:
calculating the partial derivatives thereof to satisfy
The above formula is solved to obtain
Normalizing the obtained weight to obtain
Further, the specific implementation process of the step three is as follows:
comprehensively calculating indexes of each direct current protection system state evaluation according to actual conditions to obtain index scores, multiplying each index score by an empowerment value, and summing in sequence to obtain a direct current protection system state evaluation value F, wherein the calculation steps are as follows:
wherein M is i The calculated value of the ith index in the state evaluation index system of the direct current protection system is obtained by questionnaire survey or on-site actual measurement; w i Is the weighted value of the ith index.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the method can simultaneously consider a plurality of angles and quantize and unify various indexes, utilizes the grasped information to a greater extent, improves the scientificity and rationality of the state evaluation of the direct current protection system, and provides important guarantee for the reliable protection of the direct current transmission line.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a block diagram of a high voltage direct current transmission system according to the invention;
fig. 2 is a diagram of a dc protection system state evaluation index system according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to specific examples to fully understand the objects, features and effects of the present invention.
In the embodiment, the data are from the operation conditions of the high-voltage direct-current transmission protection system of the Hubei power grid 2014 to 2018 Ge Zhouba converter station and the Longquan converter station.
In this embodiment, a method for comprehensively evaluating a state of a dc protection system based on multi-objective programming includes the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: according to the actual operation condition, the data of each index in the direct current protection system operation state evaluation index system (as shown in fig. 2) is directly read or calculated from the converter station.
TABLE 1 Ge Zhouba and Longquan converter stations 2014 to 2018 operating data
Step two: empowering indexes by applying multi-target planning method
TABLE 2 empowerment value of evaluation index of DC protection system
| Index (es) | M 11 | M 12 | M 13 | M 21 | M 22 | M 23 | M 31 | M 32 |
| Weighting value | 0.1231 | 0.1208 | 0.0098 | 0.1346 | 0.2109 | 0.2567 | 0.0087 | 0.1354 |
Step three: performing comprehensive evaluation
TABLE 3 comprehensive evaluation scores for Ge Zhouba and Longquan converter stations
| Item | Ge Zhouba converter station | Longquan convertor station |
| Evaluation score F | 87 | 65 |
The method comprehensively considers a plurality of influence factors, acquires important indexes of the state evaluation of the direct current protection system according to an online monitoring device, an inspection system and the like, constructs a direct current protection system state evaluation index system from multiple angles such as safe operation, equipment reliability, operation and maintenance and the like, calculates and analyzes the acquired data through a multi-target planning method, considers the processing and unification of various data indexes, fully utilizes the index data degrees of all angles, improves the reliability of the state evaluation of the direct current protection system, and provides important operation and maintenance basis for equipment operation and maintenance units.
It should be emphasized that the embodiments described herein are illustrative and not restrictive, and thus the present invention includes, but is not limited to, the embodiments described in the detailed description, as well as other embodiments that can be derived by one skilled in the art from the teachings herein.
Claims (2)
1. A direct current protection system state comprehensive evaluation method based on multi-objective programming is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: analyzing the influence factors of the state evaluation of the direct current protection system, and constructing a direct current protection system state evaluation index system;
step two: based on the direct current protection system state evaluation index system constructed in the first step, solving an index weight value by adopting a multi-target programming weighting method, and establishing a direct current protection system state evaluation model;
step three: comprehensively evaluating the state of the direct current protection system to obtain an evaluation value F of the state of the direct current protection system;
step one, constructing a direct current protection system state evaluation index system from multiple angles of safe operation, equipment reliability and operation and maintenance, wherein a detailed index calculation formula is as follows:
(1) Safe operation index M 1
Safe operation index M of direct current protection system 1 Including protection of correct action rate M 11 Protection and rapid cutting rate M 12 And the protection device commissioning rate M 13 The calculation formula is as follows:
a) Protection of correct action rate M 11
M 11 ＝F/E*100％ (1)
In the formula, F is the number of correct actions of relay protection; e is the total number of relay protection actions;
b) Protection of fast resection Rate M 12
M 12 ＝X/T*100％ (2)
In the formula, X represents the number of times of actual fault quick removal; t total number of times fault should be removed rapidly;
c) The commissioning rate M of the protection device 13
M 13 ＝Y/S*100％ (3)
In the formula, Y represents the time when the protection put into the system is in an operating state; s, the main protection is required to be put into operation for the total time;
(2) Equipment reliability index M 2
Equipment reliability index M 2 Including the failure rate M of the DC primary equipment 21 Protection family defect rate index M 22 Failure rate M of protection device 23 Their calculation formulas are respectively as follows:
a) Primary equipment failure rate M 21
M 21 ＝t/(t+T)*100％ (4)
In the formula, t represents the total duration of one-time equipment failure in the system; t represents the accumulated normal working time of primary equipment in the system;
b) Protection family Defect Rate index M 22
M 22 ＝B/C*100％ (5)
In the formula, B is the total number of the family defects of the relay protection equipment; c is the total number of the relay protection equipment of the specific direct current system;
c) Failure rate M of protection device 23
M 23 ＝D/C*100％ (6)
In the formula, D is the total number of the relay protection equipment with failure; c is the total number of the direct current protection system reliability systems in a batch;
(3) Operation and maintenance index M 3
The operation and maintenance index of the direct current protection system can be completed by the maintenance completion rate M 31 And protection countermeasure completion rate M 32 Two indexes are considered, and the calculation formula is as follows:
a) Maintenance completion rate M 31
M 31 ＝P/Q*100％ (7)
In the formula, P represents the number of devices which have completed maintenance tasks in the direct current protection system; q represents the total number of the devices planned to be overhauled in the direct-current protection system;
b) Completion rate of countermeasure for protection M 32
M 32 ＝R/K*100％ (8)
In the formula, R represents the number of counter measures which are completed in time; k represents the total number of counter-measures that should be completed;
the concrete implementation process of the second step is as follows:
(1) Relative membership matrix of construction index
Forming q candidate schemes according to actual operation data, wherein each scheme needs to consider p indexes and uses x jk The k index in the j scheme is expressed, and the target matrix (x) can be obtained jk ) p×q To eliminate the influence of different dimensions, a formula pair of relative membership degrees is selected for x jk Normalized as follows:
1) When the evaluation value is in positive correlation with the index value,
2) When the evaluation value is negatively correlated with the index value,
3) The index value is a fixed value
When the evaluation value is the highest, the evaluation value is calculated,
4) The index value is in a certain range [ d j ,d' j ]The evaluation value is the highest when the user is evaluated,
wherein, delta j To represent
1≤k≤q，σ j Represents max { d } j -d jmin ,d jmax -d' j Then, a relative membership matrix R = (R) of indices can be obtained jk ) p×q The higher the relative membership of the index is, the better the index value of the scheme is, and a relatively optimal scheme is defined as a base point scheme, namely G 0 ＝(1,1,…,1,1) T ；
(2) Determining a weight vector
Let the weight vector corresponding to p indices be W = (ω) 1 ,ω 2 ,…,ω p-1 ,ω p ) T The closer the solution k is to the solution G0, the degree of deviationThe smaller the probability that the solution is selected, the more likely it is that solution k is used, and its deviation from the optimal solution can be measured by equation (13):
obviously, g k The smaller the (. Omega.) the better;
(3) Establishing a multi-objective planning model
The multi-objective planning model is built accordingly as follows:
since each scheme is independent of the others, the problem of planning the targets can be decomposed into a plurality of single-target planning problems, i.e.
(4) Obtaining the weight value
The lagrange function is constructed as follows:
calculating the partial derivatives thereof to satisfy
The above formula is solved to obtain
Normalizing the obtained weight to obtain
2. The multi-objective planning method for comprehensive evaluation of the state of the direct current protection system according to claim 1, characterized in that: the concrete realization process of the third step is as follows:
according to the actual situation, comprehensively calculating the indexes of each direct current protection system state evaluation to obtain index scores, then multiplying each index score by a weighted value, and summing in sequence to obtain a direct current protection system state evaluation value F, wherein the calculation steps are as follows:
wherein M is i The calculated value of the ith index in the state evaluation index system of the direct current protection system is obtained by questionnaire survey or on-site actual measurement; w i Is the weighted value of the ith index.
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