CN110793621A - Method and system for evaluating order noise of power system of pure electric vehicle - Google Patents
Method and system for evaluating order noise of power system of pure electric vehicle Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Aiming at the order noise of a pure electric vehicle power system, an order noise masking value, an order noise prominence and overall noise language definition are obtained through detection of three sensor measuring points under three working conditions, weighting values of associated subjective values of the order noise masking value, the order noise prominence and the overall noise language definition are weighted according to three different frequency intervals, and an arithmetic mean value of weighting results of the three intervals is obtained. The method can accurately correlate objective evaluation parameters with subjective evaluation, and provides a reasonable and effective technical method for evaluating the order noise of the power assembly system of the pure electric vehicle.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of pure electric vehicle power systems, in particular to a pure electric vehicle power system order noise evaluation method and system based on acoustic parameters.
Background
With the rapid development of pure electric new energy automobiles, the noise problem generated by the power system of the pure electric new energy automobile is consistently and closely concerned. At present, most domestic and foreign automobile enterprises describe the level of the noise and vibration of the interior and exterior orders by the level of the sound pressure of the order noise and the vibration of the order noise. However, the pure electric vehicle noise and vibration frequency range is wide, namely from zero to ten thousand hertz, and the pure electric vehicle noise and vibration order composition is different from the fuel vehicle of the traditional power assembly, the pure electric vehicle noise mainly comprises medium and high frequency order noise formed by the vibration order of the motor and the reducer in the vehicle and lower frequency order noise formed by accessories such as a battery fan in the vehicle, and the composition proportion or index components of the several types of order noise have great difference along with the increase of the rotating speed or the vehicle speed of the motor. Therefore, the noise sound pressure level and the vibration value are simply adopted in the current automobile industry, and comprehensive and reasonable objective evaluation on different rotating speed areas or different frequency bands is difficult to perform. The invention makes comprehensive evaluation of different weight influences on each noise order and composition of the power assembly of the pure electric vehicle in a wide frequency range of the whole vehicle speed, and supplements the test and evaluation method of the noise order of the pure electric vehicle.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides the order noise evaluation method and the system for the power system of the pure electric vehicle, and for order noise of a lower frequency band, the language definition of the overall noise can relatively well reflect the influence of the order noise on the overall noise; for the order noise of the intermediate frequency band, the masking value of the order noise can relatively well reflect the influence of the masking value on the overall noise; for high-frequency band order noise, the prominence of the order noise can relatively well reflect the influence of the order noise on the overall noise. Therefore, the three noise evaluation indexes of the whole noise language definition, the order noise masking value and the order noise prominence are adopted for each noise frequency band, and the three noise indexes adopt different weights in different frequency bands, so that more reasonable objective evaluation can be made on the order noise of the power assembly of the pure electric vehicle.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the invention relates to a method for evaluating order noise of a power system of a pure electric vehicle, which comprises the following steps of:
①, respectively obtaining an order noise masking value, an order noise projection degree and an overall noise language definition under three frequency bands of low, medium and high through testing and calculating the noise indexes of the inner ear of the driver of the front row seat in the automobile under different working conditions;
②, respectively arranging a unidirectional acceleration vibration sensor on a motor rotor bearing seat and a reducer output shaft bearing seat shell, and then calculating the corresponding weight of the noise indexes by an associated matrix method to obtain a comprehensive score;
The pure electric vehicles driving system noise objective evaluation operating mode, include: the forward gear is accelerated to 80% of the maximum vehicle speed by a half accelerator or a full accelerator from idle speed, and then is decelerated to idle speed by sliding or half braking; the vehicle keeps running at a constant speed under the working condition of the common vehicle speed, such as 60KPH, 80KPH, 100KPH, 120KPH and the like.
When the two-gear or multi-gear speed reducer is evaluated, preferably in a manual mode, each gear is accelerated and decelerated respectively, but the initial speed and the maximum speed of each gear can be ensured to cover the range from the idle speed to 80 percent of the maximum speed from the low gear to the high gear.
In the process of evaluating working condition data acquisition, a data curve is checked to ensure that effective data is acquired for three times.
The evaluation scale table of the in-vehicle passenger noise index is formulated according to a 10-point evaluation table of subjective evaluation, and 8-10 points represent excellent noise quality; 4-7 points represent the process of converting the noise quality from qualified to bad; scores of 1-3 represent unacceptable noise quality.
Table 1 shows subjective evaluation tables for 10 points of the in-vehicle noise.
TABLE 1
Technical effects
Compared with the prior art, the method can make more reasonable and objective evaluation on the order noise of the power assembly of the pure electric vehicle, which is formed by three key noise index parameters according to different weights, within a wider frequency range (0-12000Hz) of the whole vehicle speed, is closer to the actual performance state of the order noise in the vehicle, and provides a reasonable method or basis for the evaluation of the noise level in the vehicle and the target improvement.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment noise and vibration test scheme;
FIG. 2 is a schematic flow chart of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a graph of the noise spectrum order in the vehicle;
FIG. 4 is a graph of noise order masking effect;
FIG. 5 is a graph of noise level prominence;
FIG. 6 is a graph of noise speech intelligibility;
in the figure: the system comprises a data acquisition unit 1, a data acquisition card 2, a sound level meter sensor 3, a front driver seat 4, a one-way acceleration vibration sensor 5, a motor 6, a speed reducer 7 and a one-way acceleration vibration sensor 8.
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 1, the system for evaluating the order noise of a pure electric vehicle powertrain according to this embodiment includes: the device is used for carrying out data acquisition and data analysis, and comprises a data acquisition unit 1, a data acquisition card 2, a sound level meter sensor 3, a front driver seat 4, a unidirectional acceleration vibration sensor 5, a motor 6, a speed reducer 7 and a unidirectional acceleration vibration sensor 8, wherein: the data acquisition unit 1 is connected with the data acquisition card 2, the data acquisition card 2 is connected with the sound level meter sensor 3 and the one-way acceleration vibration sensors 5 and 8 which are respectively arranged on a rotor bearing seat of the motor 6 and an output shaft bearing seat of the speed reducer 7, the sound level meter sensor 3 is arranged at the inner ear of a front driver seat in the vehicle, the vibration sensor 5 is arranged at the rotor bearing seat of the motor 6, the one-way acceleration vibration sensor 8 is arranged at the output shaft bearing seat of the speed reducer 7, and the data acquisition unit 1 outputs in-vehicle noise and power system structure vibration data.
When the pure electric power assembly is transversely arranged, the two unidirectional acceleration vibration sensors are used for acquiring Y-direction data; when the pure electric power assembly is longitudinally arranged, the two unidirectional acceleration vibration sensors are used for acquiring data in the X direction; the sound level meter sensor 3 is arranged at or near the inner ear position of the front driver seat 4, and when the sound level meter sensor is a headset, Y-direction data are collected; when the microphone is a unidirectional microphone, X-direction data is collected.
The data used for evaluation in the present embodiment is mainly the data of the sound level meter sensor 3, but the data of the two unidirectional acceleration vibration sensors 5 and 8 are needed to compare and identify the vibration or noise order of the motor and the reducer which need to be evaluated correspondingly.
As shown in fig. 2, the present embodiment includes the following steps:
①, respectively obtaining a middle-frequency-stage motor, a reducer order background noise masking value, a high-frequency-stage motor order noise salient value and an overall noise language definition value aiming at low-frequency-stage motors, reducers, fans and other orders by testing and calculating the noise indexes of the inner ears of drivers in front seats under different working conditions;
②, respectively arranging an acceleration vibration sensor on a motor rotor bearing seat and a reducer output shaft bearing seat shell, and then calculating the respective weights of the three noise indexes by an incidence matrix method to obtain a comprehensive score;
As shown in fig. 3, the sound pressure level data collected at the inner ear of a driver of a certain pure electric vehicle is uniformly accelerated from 0rpm to 3000rpm under the working condition, then the pure electric vehicle keeps running at a constant speed for a period of time, and naturally slides to 0 rpm. Clearly, the basic order of the motor and the reducer and the harmonic order noise thereof are distributed between 0 KHz and 6 KHz; the switching frequency order and harmonic noise of the motor controller are distributed between 6KHz and 12 KHz.
As shown in fig. 4, the masking value of 36-order noise in the accelerated vehicle, that is, the difference between the sound power level of the order noise and the sound power level of the masking noise thereof, shows the effect that the order noise is masked by the background noise, and the smaller the masking value is, the better the masking value is, based on a large amount of experimental data statistics, when the masking value is 3dB, the subjective 7-point evaluation level of 10 points is corresponded, and 3(+/-)3dB is corresponded to 7(-/+)1 point.
As shown in table 2, the statistical correspondence relationship is a large amount of test data between the acceleration in-vehicle order noise prominence value (PR) and the degree of annoyance. The saliency value is the ratio of the order noise to be focused on to the adjacent background noise, and represents the effect of highlighting the order noise relative to the background noise; the degree of annoyance is a subjective assessment corresponding to different prominence values or the degree of annoyance experienced by the general population. For different prominence values and different frequency ranges, corresponding to different annoyances on subjective scoring, corresponding scoring values can be searched in table 2, and the scoring values are selected according to the linear correspondence of the frequency intervals and the scoring intervals.
TABLE 2
Based on a large number of experimental data statistics, when the vehicle is traveling at deceleration or acceleration, when the speech intelligibility curve deviates from its straight line of fit △ 1 by 8 AI%, it corresponds to a subjective score of 7, and 8(+/-)4 AI% corresponds to 7(-/+1), and when the vehicle is traveling at constant speed, when the speech intelligibility curve deviates from its straight line of fit △ 2 by 2 AI%, it also corresponds to a subjective score of 7, and 2(+/-1) AI% corresponds to 7(-/+ 1).
As shown in table 3, for an objective evaluation table for different noise frequency intervals, two-by-two importance comparison is performed in different noise frequency intervals by using three parameters of order masking value, order prominence and language definition by using a correlation matrix method, wherein the more important importance is given by 1 score, and the more important importance is given by 0.5 score, and the evaluation index comparison is performed according to the emphasis in the subjective evaluation process.
TABLE 3
As shown in fig. 3 again, the pre-noise evaluation calculation is prepared as follows: from the frequency distribution, the frequency range is 0-12KHz, and three evaluation intervals of 0-1KHz, 1-5KHz and 5-12KHz are required to be divided according to table 1 or table 2; from the view of the working condition distribution, the acceleration or deceleration working conditions of 0-10s or 50-60s and the constant speed working conditions of 10-50s need to be distinguished according to the table 1. The noise evaluation calculation process of fig. 2 is as follows: firstly, three evaluation parameters of masking values, prominence and language definition of three intervals with different frequencies are respectively obtained according to the evaluation method; then, evaluating the weight distribution according to the table 3, and respectively calculating the weighted evaluation scores of the three evaluation parameters in each interval of different frequencies; and finally, making an arithmetic mean of the weighted score values of the three intervals to obtain a final overall score value.
For example, fig. 4 to fig. 6 are taken as examples respectively, and the application process is as follows. Firstly, respectively obtaining subjective score values corresponding to a masking value, a language definition value and a prominence:
the masking peak value in the masking value calculation is 4.5dB, the masking value is 6.5 points calculated by reducing 1 point every 3dB according to 7 points of subjective scores corresponding to 3 dB.
When the vehicle runs at a constant speed, the deviation of the language definition curve in the language definition calculation from the fitting straight line △ 2 is 3 AI%, the subjective score is 7 points according to the 2 AI%, and the calculation is reduced by 1 point every time the subjective score is increased by 1 AI%, so that the language definition is 6 points.
As shown in fig. 5, in the calculation of the protrusion degree, the average value of the protrusion degree PR is 2, the constant speed running frequency is 2676Hz, and the intersection of the constant speed operating condition PR ═ 2 and 1000 + 5000Hz in table 2 is found, and according to the linear corresponding score range of the frequency range, the corresponding subjective evaluation score obtained by conversion is: 6.4- (6.4-5.0) × (2676-.
Then, the weighted sum of the above three values is obtained according to the table 3, and the table lookup is calculated by the weight of the column of 1000-: 6.5 × 0.5+6 × 0.23+5.8 × 0.27 ═ 6.2 points.
The frequency interval is only within the interval of 1000-5000Hz, so that the arithmetic mean solution between three frequency divisions in the full frequency range is not needed. The method fills the noise test and evaluation method of the pure electric vehicle power assembly system; secondly, based on the complexity of the noise of the electric automobile, three driving conditions of acceleration, deceleration and uniform speed are reasonably defined in the noise evaluation method, three acoustic evaluation parameters and weighted calculation are reasonably applied, and a relatively accurate and effective evaluation method is provided.
When the method for evaluating the sound pressure level parameters of the order noise commonly used in the current automobile industry is adopted, the optimal calculation method and result, namely 6.5 points obtained in the embodiment, are about 5% different from 6.2 points of the weight comprehensive result of the invention, and are about 11% different from the minimum value of the unidirectional index of 5.8.
In the embodiment, the arrangement of three sensors, the selection of three evaluation noise parameters, the selection of a quantization index corresponding to a subjective score, the division of three frequency intervals and the composition of a parameter weight matrix play a key role in obtaining effective results for the method. Compared with the advanced noise sound pressure level parameter evaluation method using the order masking value in the current automobile industry, the method has the advantage that the accuracy rate of the evaluation result can be improved by about 5-11%.
The foregoing embodiments may be modified in many different ways by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, which is defined by the appended claims and all changes that come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein.
Claims (7)
1. The method for evaluating the order noise of the power system of the pure electric vehicle is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
①, respectively obtaining an order noise masking value, an order noise projection degree and an overall noise language definition under three frequency bands of low, medium and high through testing and calculating the noise indexes of the inner ear of the driver of the front row seat in the automobile under different working conditions;
②, respectively arranging a unidirectional acceleration vibration sensor on a motor rotor bearing seat and a reducer output shaft bearing seat shell, and then calculating the corresponding weight of the noise indexes by an associated matrix method to obtain a comprehensive score;
step ③ is to obtain the objective noise score formed by the powertrain in the vehicle by weighting and arithmetic averaging the noise index values.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the operating conditions comprise: the forward gear is accelerated to 80% of the maximum vehicle speed by a half accelerator or a full accelerator from idle speed, and then is decelerated to idle speed by sliding or half braking; the vehicle keeps running at a constant speed under a common vehicle speed working condition; the conditions for accelerating and decelerating the various gears in the manual mode.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the masking value is 3dB for 7 points of 10-point subjective evaluation, and 0dB and 6dB for 8 points and 6 points, respectively; the corresponding relation table 1 of subjective scores between the prominence and the non-annoyance degree; the speech definition is accelerated or the working condition is accelerated, 8 AI% corresponds to 7 minutes, and 4 AI% and 12 AI% correspond to 8 minutes and 6 minutes respectively; the language definition is in a constant working condition, 2 AI% corresponds to 7 minutes, and 1 AI% and 3 AI% correspond to 8 minutes and 6 minutes respectively.
4. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the low, middle and high frequency bands are respectively 0-1kHz, 1-5kHz and 5-12kHz or higher.
5. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the weight is specifically:
6. a system for implementing the method of any preceding claim, comprising: the device is used for carrying out data acquisition and data analysis data acquisition unit and data acquisition card, sound level meter sensor, front row driver seat, one-way acceleration vibration sensor, motor, reduction gear, one-way acceleration vibration sensor, wherein: the data acquisition unit is connected with the data acquisition card, the data acquisition card is connected with a sound level meter sensor and a one-way acceleration vibration sensor which is respectively arranged on a rotor bearing seat of the motor and an output shaft bearing seat of the speed reducer, the sound level meter sensor is arranged at the inner ear of a front row driver seat in the vehicle, the vibration sensor is arranged at the rotor bearing seat of the motor, the one-way acceleration vibration sensor is arranged at the output shaft bearing seat of the speed reducer, and the data acquisition unit outputs the noise in the vehicle and the structural vibration data of the power system.
7. The system of claim 6, wherein when the pure electric powertrain is laterally disposed, both of the two unidirectional acceleration vibration sensors are used to collect Y-direction data; when the pure electric power assembly is longitudinally arranged, the two unidirectional acceleration vibration sensors are used for acquiring data in the X direction; the sound level meter sensor is arranged at or near the inner ear position of the front driver seat, and when the sound level meter sensor is a headset, Y-direction data are collected; when the microphone is a unidirectional microphone, X-direction data is collected.
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