CN110790596A - Low-temperature-resistant suspended liquid fertilizer capable of intelligently regulating and controlling pH of irrigation water and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Low-temperature-resistant suspended liquid fertilizer capable of intelligently regulating and controlling pH of irrigation water and preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B7/00—Fertilisers based essentially on alkali or ammonium orthophosphates
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G31/00—Soilless cultivation, e.g. hydroponics
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
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Abstract
The invention relates to a low-temperature resistant suspended liquid fertilizer capable of intelligently regulating and controlling the pH value of irrigation water, and a preparation method and application thereof, wherein the suspended liquid fertilizer contains a macroelement fertilizer, a composite microelement fertilizer, a pH intelligent regulation and control factor, an antifreezing auxiliary agent and a stress-resistant synergistic factor, and the mass ratio of the antifreezing auxiliary agent to the stress-resistant synergistic factor is (20-60): (0.5-2.0); the pH intelligent regulation and control factor is a mixture of monopotassium phosphate, potassium hydroxide and humic acid, the suspension liquid fertilizer disclosed by the invention does not generate caking and precipitation at the temperature of-20 ℃, has good fluidity and comprehensive nutrients, can quickly supplement the nutritional requirements of various crops in the growing period under the low-temperature condition, and enhances the cold resistance of the crops; meanwhile, the pH value of irrigation water can be intelligently regulated and controlled, the environment of the rhizosphere area of crops can be always in a neutral range, and the problem of soil acidification or salinization caused by fertilization or irrigation can be effectively solved after long-term use.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of liquid fertilizers, and particularly relates to a low-temperature-resistant suspension liquid fertilizer capable of intelligently regulating and controlling the pH value of irrigation water, and a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
The liquid fertilizer can be reasonably prepared according to the soil nutrient condition and the requirement of plants on nutrient components, has flexible formula, can be directly absorbed by crops, improves the utilization rate of the fertilizer, reduces the working procedures of evaporation, granulation and the like in the preparation process compared with the solid fertilizer, and reduces the production cost. The liquid fertilizer has various fertilizing methods, can be sprayed on leaf surfaces, drop-irrigated and irrigated, and can also be used in combination with pesticides. Has the advantages of high quality, high efficiency, energy saving, environmental protection and the like, and becomes one of chemical fertilizer varieties which are vigorously popularized in agriculture.
Reasonable moisture conditions and proper temperature are the guarantee of normal growth of crops. The crops tend to stop growing and even die without water supply, but the water in different regions has different pH values, so that the soil can be acidified or salinized after being used for soil irrigation for a long time, the pH value of the root system of the general plant is required to be between 6.4 and 6.8, and is higher or lower than the range, the activity of the root system of the plant can be inhibited, and the root system can be necrotic in serious conditions, so that the whole plant can die; at present, the research on liquid fertilizers mainly focuses on solubility, stability, nutrition and the like, and the research on the influence of the liquid fertilizers on the pH value of irrigation water is weak, so that the existing liquid fertilizers basically do not have the function of regulating and controlling the pH value of the irrigation water.
When the environmental temperature is continuously lower than the temperature required by the normal growth of the plant, the temperature stresses the plant at low temperature, and when the plant is stressed at low temperature, various enzyme activities and membrane systems are damaged, the intracellular environment is dehydrated and crystallized, the cell metabolism is disordered, the root activity is reduced, the absorption of mineral elements by roots is reduced, and the growth, development and survival of the plant are seriously influenced.
Chinese patent document 201410842896.8 discloses a macroelement type antifreezing liquid fertilizer, which can maintain good fluidity at minus ten degrees, but does not verify whether it can promote the growth of crops at low temperature; chinese patent document 201510319253.X discloses a high-concentration low-temperature-resistant liquid phosphorus-potassium fertilizer and a preparation method thereof, wherein the liquid fertilizer is stable at minus thirty ℃, has no crystallization, can promote the growth of crops such as eggplants, cucumbers and the like through experimental verification, but does not have the function of automatically regulating and controlling the pH value of irrigation water.
In summary, under the current situation, a liquid fertilizer which can intelligently regulate and control the pH value of irrigation water and promote the growth of crops under the condition of low temperature and adverse environment is urgently needed.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a low-temperature-resistant suspended liquid fertilizer capable of intelligently regulating and controlling the pH value of irrigation water, and a preparation method and application thereof.
The suspension liquid fertilizer does not generate caking and precipitation at the temperature of minus 20 ℃, has good fluidity and comprehensive nutrients, can quickly supplement the nutritional requirements of various crops in the growing period under the low-temperature condition, and enhances the cold resistance of the crops; meanwhile, the pH value of irrigation water can be intelligently regulated and controlled, the environment of the rhizosphere area of crops can be always in a neutral range, and the problem of soil acidification or salinization caused by fertilization or irrigation can be effectively solved after long-term use.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the low-temperature-resistant suspended liquid fertilizer capable of intelligently regulating and controlling the pH value of irrigation water contains a macroelement fertilizer, a compound trace element fertilizer, a pH intelligent regulation and control factor, an antifreezing auxiliary agent and a stress-resistant synergistic factor, wherein the mass ratio of the antifreezing auxiliary agent to the stress-resistant synergistic factor is (20-60): (0.5-2.0); the pH intelligent regulation and control factor is a mixture of monopotassium phosphate, potassium hydroxide and humic acid, and the anti-freezing auxiliary agent is one or a combination of more than two of ethylene glycol, glycerol or triethanolamine.
According to the invention, in the preferable pH intelligent regulation factor, the mass ratio of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, potassium hydroxide and humic acid is (3-7): 1: (1-2), the humic acid is mineral humic acid extracted from lignite or weathered coal.
According to the invention, the antifreezing agent is preferably a mixture of ethylene glycol, glycerol and triethanolamine, wherein the ratio of ethylene glycol: glycerol: the mass ratio of triethanolamine is (3-5): (1-2): 1.
according to the invention, preferably, the anti-adverse synergistic factor is one or the combination of more than two of betaine, naphthylacetic acid, indolebutyric acid or vitamins; preferably, the anti-adverse synergistic factor is a mixture of betaine, naphthylacetic acid, indolebutyric acid and vitamins, wherein the ratio of betaine: naphthalene acetic acid: indole butyric acid: the mass ratio of the vitamins is (2-3): (0.1-0.4): (0.1-0.4): 1.
preferably according to the invention, the macroelement fertilizer is a combination of potassium dihydrogen phosphite, monoammonium phosphate and urea ammonium nitrate; the compound microelement fertilizer is a combination of ferrous citrate, chelated zinc and boric acid.
According to the invention, the low-temperature resistant suspended liquid fertilizer capable of intelligently regulating and controlling the pH of irrigation water preferably further comprises a scarifier and a suspension auxiliary agent.
Preferably, the scarifier is polyacrylamide with the molecular weight of 300-400 ten thousand.
Preferably, the selected suspension aid is clay substance and organic saccharide according to the mass ratio of (1-3): the mixture of (2-4); wherein the clay is one or more of bentonite, diatomite or kaolin; the organic saccharide is one or more of acacia, gelatin, xanthan gum or potassium alginate.
Further preferably, the suspending agent is a combination of bentonite, xanthan gum and potassium alginate, and the ratio of bentonite: xanthan gum: the mass ratio of the potassium alginate is 2 (1-3) to (1-2).
According to the invention, a preferable scheme is that the low-temperature resistant suspended liquid fertilizer intelligently regulates the pH value of irrigation water, wherein in the suspended liquid fertilizer, the concentration of potassium dihydrogen phosphite is 20-60g/L, the concentration of monoammonium phosphate is 200-240g/L, the concentration of urea ammonium nitrate is 365-400g/L, the concentration of ferrous citrate is 3-8g/L, the concentration of chelated zinc is 4-10g/L, the concentration of boric acid is 20-40g/L, the concentration of a scarifier is 40-100g/L, the concentration of an antifreezing auxiliary agent is 20-60g/L, the concentration of an adverse-resistant synergistic factor is 0.5-2.0g/L, the concentration of a suspended auxiliary agent is 2-10g/L, and the concentration of the pH intelligent regulation factor is 200-340 g/L.
According to the invention, a preferable scheme is that the low-temperature resistant suspended liquid fertilizer intelligently regulates the pH value of irrigation water, wherein in the suspended liquid fertilizer, the concentration of potassium dihydrogen phosphite is 30-50g/L, the concentration of monoammonium phosphate is 215-235g/L, the concentration of urea ammonium nitrate is 370-390g/L, the concentration of ferrous citrate is 4-7g/L, the concentration of chelated zinc is 6-9g/L, the concentration of boric acid is 25-35g/L, the concentration of scarifier is 70-90g/L, the concentration of antifreezing auxiliary agent is 35-50g/L, the concentration of stress-resistant synergistic factor is 0.6-1.7g/L, the concentration of suspending auxiliary agent is 3-8g/L, and the concentration of pH intelligent regulation factor is 210-330 g/L.
According to the invention, the preparation method of the low-temperature resistant suspended liquid fertilizer capable of intelligently regulating and controlling the pH value of irrigation water comprises the following steps:
(1) adding the pH intelligent control factor into water for grinding to obtain a first mixed solution;
(2) adding the macroelement fertilizer, the compound microelement fertilizer and the suspension auxiliary agent into the first mixed solution, and continuously grinding to obtain a suspension;
(3) and transferring the suspension into another reaction kettle, adding an antifreezing auxiliary agent, a soil loosening agent and an anti-stress synergistic factor, and uniformly stirring to obtain the anti-freezing soil-loosening agent.
In the preparation process of the low-temperature resistant suspended liquid fertilizer capable of intelligently regulating and controlling the pH of irrigation water, water is finally used for dissolving. That is, the remaining volume amounts other than the respective raw materials were made up with water. Preferably desalinated water.
According to the invention, the grinding in the step (1) adopts a multifunctional dispersion machine or a colloid mill for grinding; grinding at 20-45 deg.C for 5-10 min.
According to the invention, the grinding time in the step (2) is preferably 10-15min, and the stirring time in the step (3) is preferably 10-20 min.
When the suspension liquid fertilizer is used, the suspension liquid fertilizer is diluted by water to be 500-fold and 1000-fold of the volume of the original solution to be used as a nutrient solution of the hydroponic plant; or for field crops or greenhouse vegetables.
The invention relates to an application of a low-temperature resistant suspension type liquid fertilizer for intelligently regulating and controlling the pH value of irrigation water, which is used as a nutrient solution of hydroponic plants; or used for field crops or greenhouse vegetables, and is diluted by water to be 500-1000 times of the volume of the original solution when in use.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the suspension liquid fertilizer has the effect of automatically regulating and controlling the pH of irrigation water, can relieve the influence of the meta-acid or meta-alkali irrigation water on the pH of a fertilizer solution, enables the fertilizer solution to be always kept near neutral, is beneficial to the efficient absorption of nutrients by crop roots, and can effectively improve the soil acidification or salinization phenomenon caused by fertilization or irrigation in a water-quality meta-acid or meta-alkali area after long-term use;
2. the suspension liquid fertilizer has high stability, and the adopted suspending agent and antifreezing agent ensure that the product still keeps stable at the temperature of-20 ℃, have no crystallization and precipitation phenomenon, and have stability obviously higher than other commercially available suspension fertilizer products;
3. the suspension liquid fertilizer disclosed by the invention is comprehensive in nutrients and reasonable in compatibility of components, and the combined action of the anti-freezing auxiliary agent and the stress-resistant synergistic factor can promote the efficient absorption of various crops on nutrients under a low-temperature condition, enhance the stress resistance of the crops and promote the yield increase;
4. the soil loosening agent and the humic acid added in the suspension liquid fertilizer can improve the soil structure, promote the formation of granular structures, improve the expansion rate and the heat preservation performance of the soil, activate the soil nutrients, promote the root resistance and the yield and improve the quality.
5. The suspension liquid fertilizer of the invention simultaneously comprises: the pH value of irrigation water can be intelligently regulated and controlled, and the growth of crops can be promoted under the condition of low-temperature adversity.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention will be further described with reference to the following specific examples.
In the examples, the proportions are mass ratios, and the percentages are mass percentages unless otherwise specified.
Example 1
A low-temperature resistant suspended liquid fertilizer capable of intelligently regulating and controlling the pH value of irrigation water is disclosed, wherein in the suspended liquid fertilizer,
a macroelement fertilizer: the concentration of potassium dihydrogen phosphite is 40g/L, the concentration of monoammonium phosphate is 226g/L, and the concentration of urea ammonium nitrate is 385 g/L;
trace element fertilizer: the concentration of the ferrous citrate is 5.9g/L, the concentration of the chelated zinc is 7.7g/L, and the concentration of the boric acid is 29.4 g/L;
the concentration of the scarifier is 80g/L, and the concentration of the suspension auxiliary agent is 4 g/L;
the concentration of the antifreezing auxiliary agent is 40g/L, and the concentration of the stress-resistant synergistic factor is 1.1 g/L;
the concentration of the pH intelligent control factor is 260 g/L.
The antifreezing auxiliary agent is a mixture of ethylene glycol, glycerol and triethanolamine, wherein the ratio of ethylene glycol: glycerol: the weight ratio of triethanolamine is 3:1:1.
The anti-stress synergistic factor is a mixture of betaine, naphthylacetic acid, indolebutyric acid and vitamins, wherein the content of the betaine: naphthalene acetic acid: indole butyric acid: the mass ratio of the vitamins is 3:0.1:0.2: 1.
The pH intelligent regulation and control factor is a mixture of monopotassium phosphate, potassium hydroxide and humic acid, wherein the content of monopotassium phosphate: potassium hydroxide: the mass ratio of humic acid is 3:1: 1.2.
The soil loosening agent is polyacrylamide with the molecular weight of 300-400 ten thousand.
The suspending agent is the combination of bentonite, xanthan gum and potassium alginate, and the content of bentonite is as follows: xanthan gum: the mass ratio of the potassium alginate is 2:2: 1.
The preparation method of the low-temperature-resistant suspended liquid fertilizer capable of intelligently regulating and controlling the pH value of irrigation water comprises the following steps:
(1) weighing the raw materials according to the required raw material dosage in the embodiment 1 for later use;
(2) and (3) putting the pH intelligent control factor into a colloid mill containing water, and grinding for 5min at the temperature of 25 ℃ to obtain a first mixed solution.
(3) And adding potassium dihydrogen phosphite, monoammonium phosphate, urea ammonium nitrate solution, ferrous citrate, chelated zinc, boric acid and a suspension aid into the first mixed solution, and grinding for 10min to obtain a suspension.
(4) And transferring the suspension into another reaction kettle, adding an antifreezing auxiliary agent, a soil loosening agent and an anti-stress synergistic factor, and stirring for 10min to obtain the low-temperature resistant suspension liquid fertilizer capable of intelligently regulating and controlling the pH value of irrigation water.
Example 2
A low-temperature resistant suspended liquid fertilizer capable of intelligently regulating and controlling the pH value of irrigation water is disclosed, wherein in the suspended liquid fertilizer,
a macroelement fertilizer: the concentration of potassium dihydrogen phosphite is 30g/L, the concentration of monoammonium phosphate is 215g/L, and the concentration of urea ammonium nitrate is 390 g/L;
trace element fertilizer: the concentration of the ferrous citrate is 3.9g/L, the concentration of the chelated zinc is 5.8g/L, and the concentration of the boric acid is 32 g/L;
the concentration of the scarifier is 70g/L, and the concentration of the suspension auxiliary agent is 5 g/L;
the concentration of the antifreezing auxiliary agent is 40g/L, and the concentration of the stress-resistant synergistic factor is 0.9 g/L;
the concentration of the pH intelligent control factor is 300 g/L.
The antifreezing auxiliary agent is a mixture of ethylene glycol, glycerol and triethanolamine, wherein the ratio of ethylene glycol: glycerol: the weight ratio of triethanolamine is 3:2: 1.
The anti-stress synergistic factor is a mixture of betaine, naphthylacetic acid, indolebutyric acid and vitamins, wherein the content of the betaine: naphthalene acetic acid: indole butyric acid: the mass ratio of the vitamins is 3:0.1:0.3: 1.
The pH intelligent regulation and control factor is a mixture of monopotassium phosphate, potassium hydroxide and humic acid, wherein the content of monopotassium phosphate: potassium hydroxide: the mass ratio of humic acid is 4.5:1: 2.
The soil loosening agent is polyacrylamide with the molecular weight of 300-400 ten thousand.
The suspending agent is the combination of bentonite, xanthan gum and potassium alginate, and the content of bentonite is as follows: xanthan gum: the mass ratio of the potassium alginate is 2:3: 1.
The preparation method of the low-temperature-resistant suspended liquid fertilizer capable of intelligently regulating and controlling the pH value of irrigation water comprises the following steps:
(1) weighing the raw materials according to the required raw material dosage in the embodiment 2 for later use;
(2) and (3) putting the pH intelligent control factor into a colloid mill containing water, and grinding for 5min at the temperature of 25 ℃ to obtain a first mixed solution.
(3) And adding potassium dihydrogen phosphite, monoammonium phosphate, urea ammonium nitrate solution, ferrous citrate, chelated zinc, boric acid and a suspension aid into the first mixed solution, and grinding for 15min to obtain a suspension.
(4) And transferring the suspension into another reaction kettle, adding an antifreezing auxiliary agent, a soil loosening agent and an anti-stress synergistic factor, and stirring for 10min to obtain the low-temperature resistant suspension liquid fertilizer capable of intelligently regulating and controlling the pH value of irrigation water.
Example 3
A low-temperature resistant suspended liquid fertilizer capable of intelligently regulating and controlling the pH value of irrigation water is disclosed, wherein in the suspended liquid fertilizer,
a macroelement fertilizer: the concentration of potassium dihydrogen phosphite is 40g/L, the concentration of monoammonium phosphate is 220g/L, and the concentration of urea ammonium nitrate is 380 g/L;
trace element fertilizer: the concentration of the ferrous citrate is 4.8g/L, the concentration of the chelated zinc is 5.8g/L, and the concentration of the boric acid is 27 g/L;
the concentration of the scarifier is 85g/L, and the concentration of the suspension auxiliary agent is 5 g/L;
the concentration of the antifreezing auxiliary agent is 45g/L, and the concentration of the stress-resistant synergistic factor is 1.0 g/L;
the concentration of the pH intelligent control factor is 270 g/L.
The antifreezing auxiliary agent is a mixture of ethylene glycol, glycerol and triethanolamine, wherein the ratio of ethylene glycol: glycerol: the weight ratio of triethanolamine is 3:2: 1.
The anti-stress synergistic factor is a mixture of betaine, naphthylacetic acid, indolebutyric acid and vitamins, wherein the content of the betaine: naphthalene acetic acid: indole butyric acid: the mass ratio of the vitamins is 3:0.2:0.3: 1.
The pH intelligent regulation and control factor is a mixture of monopotassium phosphate, potassium hydroxide and humic acid, wherein the content of monopotassium phosphate: potassium hydroxide: the mass ratio of humic acid is 6:1: 2.
The soil loosening agent is polyacrylamide with the molecular weight of 300-400 ten thousand.
The suspending agent is the combination of bentonite, xanthan gum and potassium alginate, and the content of bentonite is as follows: xanthan gum: the mass ratio of the potassium alginate is 2:3: 2.
The preparation method of the low-temperature-resistant suspended liquid fertilizer capable of intelligently regulating and controlling the pH value of irrigation water comprises the following steps:
(1) weighing the raw materials according to the required raw material dosage in the embodiment 3 for later use;
(2) and (3) putting the pH intelligent control factor into a colloid mill containing water, and grinding for 5min at the temperature of 25 ℃ to obtain a first mixed solution.
(3) And adding potassium dihydrogen phosphite, monoammonium phosphate, urea ammonium nitrate solution, ferrous citrate, chelated zinc, boric acid and a suspension aid into the first mixed solution, and grinding for 15min to obtain a suspension.
(4) And transferring the suspension into another reaction kettle, adding an antifreezing auxiliary agent, a soil loosening agent and an anti-stress synergistic factor, and stirring for 10min to obtain the low-temperature resistant suspension liquid fertilizer capable of intelligently regulating and controlling the pH value of irrigation water.
Comparative example 1
A suspended liquid fertilizer, wherein in the suspended liquid fertilizer,
a macroelement fertilizer: the concentration of potassium dihydrogen phosphite is 40g/L, the concentration of monoammonium phosphate is 132g/L, and the concentration of urea ammonium nitrate is 420 g/L;
trace element fertilizer: the concentration of the ferrous citrate is 4.8g/L, the concentration of the chelated zinc is 5.8g/L, and the concentration of the boric acid is 27 g/L;
the concentration of the scarifier is 85g/L, and the concentration of the suspension auxiliary agent is 5 g/L;
the concentration of the antifreezing auxiliary agent is 45g/L, and the concentration of the stress-resistant synergistic factor is 1.0 g/L;
the concentration of the pH regulating factor potassium dihydrogen phosphate is 260 g/L.
The antifreezing auxiliary agent is a mixture of ethylene glycol, glycerol and triethanolamine, wherein the ratio of ethylene glycol: glycerol: the weight ratio of triethanolamine is 3:1:1.
The anti-stress synergistic factor is a mixture of betaine, naphthylacetic acid, indolebutyric acid and vitamins, wherein the content of the betaine: naphthalene acetic acid: indole butyric acid: the mass ratio of the vitamins is 3:0.1:0.2: 1.
The soil loosening agent is polyacrylamide with the molecular weight of 300-400 ten thousand.
The suspending agent is the combination of bentonite, xanthan gum and potassium alginate, and the content of bentonite is as follows: xanthan gum: the mass ratio of the potassium alginate is 2:2: 1.
The preparation was carried out as in example 1.
Comparative example 2
A suspended liquid fertilizer, the same as example 3, except that the suspended liquid fertilizer contained no antifreezing agent.
Intelligently regulating and controlling the pH effect test of irrigation water:
the five kinds of suspension liquid fertilizers of the above examples 1, 2, 3, 1 and 2 were respectively subjected to a pH buffering performance test to test the pH control ability after being diluted with an aqueous solution of a strong acid or a strong base.
The specific test method comprises the following steps: with HNO separately3(1+1) and KOH Water was adjusted to different pH aqueous solutions to simulate different pH irrigation water, and then the five example fertilizers were diluted with different pH aqueous solutions at a ratio of 1:250 (by volume) respectively to determine the pH of the final diluted fertilizer solutions. The measurement data are shown in Table 1.
TABLE 1 pH of fertilizer solutions diluted with aqueous solutions of different pH
| Different pH values of aqueous solution | 4.00 | 5.00 | 6.00 | 7.00 | 8.00 | 9.00 | 10.00 |
| Example 1 pH of Fertilizer solution | 6.44 | 6.55 | 6.63 | 6.68 | 6.67 | 6.73 | 6.77 |
| Example 2 pH of fertilizer solution | 6.53 | 6.61 | 6.67 | 6.73 | 6.74 | 6.77 | 6.78 |
| Example 3 pH of Fertilizer solution | 6.49 | 6.58 | 6.64 | 6.72 | 6.76 | 6.77 | 6.78 |
| Comparative example 1 pH of Fertilizer solution | 4.20 | 5.18 | 5.90 | 5.03 | 5.11 | 5.22 | 5.33 |
| Comparative example 2 pH of Fertilizer solution | 6.49 | 6.58 | 6.64 | 6.72 | 6.76 | 6.77 | 6.78 |
As can be seen from Table 1, after the fertilizer solutions of the above examples 1, 2 and 3 and the comparative example 2 are diluted by the aqueous solutions with different pH values, the pH values of the fertilizer solutions of the above examples 1, 2 and 3 and the comparative example 2 are not changed too much and are always maintained near the neutrality suitable for the growth of crops, while the pH control factor of the comparative example 1 is that the pH value of the potassium dihydrogen phosphate fertilizer solution is always in a slightly acidic range along with the change of the pH value of the irrigation water, and the comparison shows that the pH intelligent control factor of the invention can intelligently control the pH value of the irrigation water, so that the pH value of the irrigation water is intelligently controlled to be.
Test example 1: regulating pH value of irrigation water and promoting growth of potted Chinese cabbage by using suspended liquid fertilizer
Time and place of experiment: the test is carried out in an intelligent glass greenhouse of GnDAI ecological engineering group GmbH 2017.10.27-2017.1.5;
the test treatments were as follows:
CK: commercial low-temperature resistant liquid fertilizer (N + P)2O5+K2O≥500g/L)
T1: product of example 1 above
T2: comparative example 1 product above
Adjusting the pH of the irrigation water to 5.0
Potted cabbage was used as the test crop. The three treatments are completely the same except that the commercial low-temperature resistant suspension type liquid fertilizer and the products of the example 1 and the comparative example 1 are respectively applied by flushing, the other management modes are completely the same, 4 true leaves are initially selected and planted in the test, 6 seedlings are treated for each treatment, the fertilizer is applied according to the sum of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium nutrients such as three fertilizers after being planted for one week, and N + P2O5+K2The total amount of O is 0.5 g/pot/time, diluted by 500 times with water, applied by water-washing for 1 time every two weeks, and after 4 times of water-washing, the growth indexes of the Chinese cabbage are determined, and the data are recorded in Table 2.
TABLE 2 Effect of different liquid fertilizers on irrigation water pH and growth of potted cabbage
| Type of fertiliser | Change in pH | Spread value | Root dry weight (g/plant) | Fresh weight of overground part (g/plant) |
| CK-1 | 5.12 | 33.80 | 1.29 | 223.25 |
| T1 | 6.60 | 35.17 | 1.32 | 243.33 |
| T2 | 5.08 | 29.78 | 1.00 | 200.98 |
As can be seen from Table 2, after dilution with irrigation water having a pH of 5.0, the pH of the two other treated fertilizer solutions was low, which was not conducive to the growth of Chinese cabbage, except that the T1 fertilizer solution was still in a neutral range suitable for the growth of crops. As can be seen from the data of the harvested Chinese cabbages, the fresh weight of the overground parts of the T1-treated Chinese cabbages is increased by 8.99 percent compared with CK and is increased by 21.07 percent compared with T2, the yield increasing effect is obvious, and the intelligent regulation and control of the pH value of irrigation water at 6.4-6.8 is most beneficial to the growth of plants.
Test example 2 adjusting of pH of irrigation water and promoting effect of growth of lettuce by a suspended liquid fertilizer
Test time and place: the test is carried out at 2017.11.11-12.30 in Wufantoucun, an flood dragon town, Linyi city;
the test treatments were as follows:
CK: commercial low-temperature-resistant suspension type liquid fertilizer (N + P)2O5+K2O≥500g/L)
T1: product of the above example 2
T2: comparative example 1 product above
Local irrigation water pH: 6.5
Lettuce was selected as the test crop in the experiment. The management modes of the three treatments are completely the same except that the commercial low-temperature-resistant suspension type liquid fertilizer and the products of the example 2 and the comparative example 1 are respectively applied in a flushing mode, the three liquid fertilizers are applied in a flushing mode according to 5L/mu/time, the fertilizer is applied for 1 time every two weeks and 3 times in total, 30 lettuce plants are randomly selected in each treatment during harvesting, each growth index of the lettuce is measured, and the data is recorded in a table 3.
TABLE 3 Effect of different fertilizers on lettuce growth
| Treatment of | Change in pH | Plant height (cm) | Leaf thickness (mm) | Spad | Fresh weight of overground part (g/plant) |
| CK-1 | 5.15 | 16.86 | 0.22 | 19.66 | 326.41 |
| T1 | 6.70 | 16.98 | 0.25 | 20.36 | 372.13 |
| T2 | 5.11 | 16.87 | 0.22 | 20.13 | 333.15 |
As can be seen from Table 3, the pH of the two treated fertilizer solutions was low and not conducive to lettuce growth, even after dilution with irrigation water having a pH of 6.5, except that the T1 fertilizer solution was still in the neutral range suitable for crop growth. According to the lettuce harvesting data, the fresh weight of the overground part of the lettuce treated by the T1 is increased by 14.01 percent compared with CK and increased by 11.70 percent compared with T2, the yield increasing effect is obvious, and the intelligent regulation and control of the pH value of irrigation water at 6.4-6.8 is most beneficial to the growth of plants.
Test example 3 adjustment of pH of irrigation water and effect of suspension liquid fertilizer on growth promotion of greenhouse tomatoes
Test time and place: the test is carried out in 2017.10.24-2018.1.28 in the eight-fish county of Dali county, Shaanxi province;
the test treatments were as follows:
CK: commercial low-temperature-resistant suspension type liquid fertilizer (N + P)2O5+K2O≥500g/L)
T1: product of example 3 above
T2: comparative example 1 product above
Local irrigation water pH: 8.2
Tomatoes are selected as test crops in the test. The management modes of the three treatments are completely the same except that the commercial low-temperature-resistant suspension type liquid fertilizer and the products of example 3 and comparative example 1 are respectively applied by flushing, the three liquid fertilizers are applied by flushing according to 10L/mu/time, the fertilizer is applied for 1 time every two weeks and 4 times in total, 10 plants are randomly selected in each treatment during harvesting to measure the growth indexes of the tomatoes, and the data are recorded in a table 4.
TABLE 4 Effect of different fertilizers on greenhouse tomato growth
| Type of fertiliser | Change in pH | Basal stem thickness (cm) | Weight of single fruit (g) | Theoretical yield per mu (Kg) |
| CK-1 | 6.08 | 0.65 | 238.45 | 4530.25 |
| T1 | 6.77 | 0.74 | 249.47 | 4739.93 |
| T2 | 6.08 | 0.66 | 237.98 | 4521.32 |
As can be seen from Table 4, the T1 fertilizer solution was still in the neutral range suitable for crop growth after dilution with irrigation water having a pH of 8.2, while the other two treated fertilizer solutions had a lower pH and were not conducive to nutrient absorption by tomatoes. As can be seen from tomato harvesting data, the theoretical yield per mu of the T1 treatment is increased by 4.63% compared with CK and 4.84% compared with T2, and the intelligent regulation and control of the pH value of irrigation water at 6.4-6.8 is most beneficial to plant growth.
Test example 4 adjustment of pH of irrigation water and effect of suspension liquid fertilizer on growth promotion of greenhouse tomatoes
Test time and place: the tests were carried out at 2017.11.25-2018.2.28 in east-village, Xinzhou, Shanxi province;
the test treatments were as follows:
CK: commercial low-temperature-resistant suspension type liquid fertilizer (N + P)2O5+K2O≥500g/L)
T1: product of the above example 2
T2: comparative example 1 product above
Local irrigation water pH: 8.4
Tomatoes are selected as test crops in the test. The management modes of the three treatments are completely the same except that the commercial low-temperature-resistant suspension type liquid fertilizer and the products of the example 2 and the comparative example 1 are respectively applied by flushing, the three liquid fertilizers are applied by flushing according to 10L/mu/time, the fertilizer is applied for 1 time every two weeks and 4 times in total, 10 plants are randomly selected for each treatment during harvesting to measure the growth indexes of the tomatoes, and the data are recorded in a table 5.
TABLE 5 Effect of different fertilizers on greenhouse tomato growth
| Type of fertiliser | Change in pH | Basal stem thickness (cm) | Weight of single fruit (g) | Theoretical yield per mu (Kg) |
| CK-1 | 6.09 | 0.70 | 228.13g | 4464.47 |
| T1 | 6.77 | 0.78 | 250.38g | 4632.18 |
| T2 | 6.08 | 0.74 | 233.55 | 4437.45 |
As can be seen from Table 5, the T1 fertilizer solution was still in the neutral range suitable for crop growth after dilution with irrigation water having a pH of 8.4, while the other two treated fertilizer solutions had a lower pH and were not conducive to the absorption of nutrients by tomatoes. From tomato harvesting data, the theoretical yield per mu of the T1 treatment is increased by 3.76% compared with CK and 4.39% compared with T2, and the intelligent regulation and control of the pH value of irrigation water at 6.4-6.8 is most beneficial to plant growth.
Test example 5
Test time and place: the test is carried out at 2017.11.25-12.30 in Yong bridge region of Wanlipong vegetable base of dormitory city of Anhui province;
the test treatments were as follows:
CK: commercial low-temperature-resistant suspension type liquid fertilizer (N + P)2O5+K2O≥500g/L)
T1: product of the above example 2
T2: comparative example 2 product above
Local irrigation water pH: 7.2
Temperature range during the test: (2-10) deg.C
In the test, the celery in the cold shed is selected as a test crop. The management modes of the three treatments are completely the same except that the commercial low-temperature-resistant suspension type liquid fertilizer and the products of the example 2 and the comparative example 2 are respectively applied in a flushing manner, the three liquid fertilizers are applied in a flushing manner according to 7.5L/mu/time, the fertilizer is applied for 1 time every two weeks and 2 times in total, and 2m is randomly selected for each treatment during harvesting2Celery yields were determined and the data are recorded in table 6.
TABLE 6 Effect of different fertilizers on growth of greenhouse celery
| Type of fertiliser | Change in pH | Plant height (cm) | Yield (Kg/2 m)2) | Theoretical yield per mu (Kg) |
| CK | 5.08 | 68.79 | 20.38 | 6793.67 |
| T1 | 6.73 | 73.22 | 22.06 | 7353.70 |
| T2 | 6.68 | 65.77 | 19.23 | 6410.32 |
From table 6, it can be seen that under the condition of low temperature adversity, the celery treated by T1 has better growth, the yield is increased by 8.24% compared with CK and 14.71% compared with T2, and the yield increasing effect is significant.
Test example 6
Test time and place: the test is carried out in 2017.11.25-2018.1.6 in Gao Zhen town of Guanyang city, Henan province;
the test treatments were as follows:
CK: commercial low-temperature-resistant suspension type liquid fertilizer (N + P)2O5+K2O≥500g/L)
T1: product of example 3 above
T2: comparative example 2 product above
Local irrigation water pH: 7.6
Temperature range during the test: (-2-17) deg.C
The cold-shed Chinese chives are selected as test crops in the test. The management modes of the three treatments are completely the same except that the commercial low-temperature-resistant suspension type liquid fertilizer and the products of the examples 3 and 5 are respectively applied by flushing, the three liquid fertilizers are applied by flushing according to 5L/mu/time for 1 time, and the yield per mu is recorded in the table 7 at the time of harvesting.
TABLE 7 Effect of different fertilizers on growth of greenhouse leeks
| Type of fertiliser | Change in pH | Plant height (cm) | Leaf width (mm) | Yield (Kg/mu/stubble) |
| CK | 6.08 | 30.80 | 6.38 | 1513.42 |
| T1 | 6.74 | 32.60 | 6.68 | 1622.17 |
| T2 | 6.74 | 30.40 | 6.05 | 1500.32 |
As can be seen from Table 7, under the condition of low temperature stress, the leeks treated by T1 have better growth vigor, the yield is increased by 7.19% compared with CK and 8.12% compared with T2, and the yield increasing effect is obvious.
In summary, the following results were obtained in test examples 1 to 6:
1. the pH value of irrigation water in different areas can be effectively regulated and controlled by intelligently regulating and controlling the pH factor combination, so that the fertilizer water solution is always in a neutral pH range, and the method has great significance for the growth of crop roots and the improvement of crop yield and quality; 2. the anti-freezing factor combination can improve the growth of crops in a low-temperature environment and has the effect of improving the biomass of the crops. Therefore, the low-temperature-resistant suspended liquid fertilizer with the intelligently regulated and controlled pH has the characteristics of adapting to different irrigation water in different areas, has excellent effect under the low-temperature condition, is wide in applicable area and crop range, can improve the stress resistance of crops, increases yield and improves quality, and has popularization and application values.
Claims (10)
1. The low-temperature-resistant suspended liquid fertilizer capable of intelligently regulating and controlling the pH value of irrigation water contains a macroelement fertilizer, a compound trace element fertilizer, a pH intelligent regulation and control factor, an antifreezing auxiliary agent and a stress-resistant synergistic factor, wherein the mass ratio of the antifreezing auxiliary agent to the stress-resistant synergistic factor is (20-60): (0.5-2.0); the pH intelligent regulation and control factor is a mixture of monopotassium phosphate, potassium hydroxide and humic acid, and the anti-freezing auxiliary agent is one or a combination of more than two of ethylene glycol, glycerol or triethanolamine.
2. The low-temperature resistant suspended liquid fertilizer capable of intelligently regulating and controlling the pH of irrigation water as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the pH intelligent regulation and control factor, the mass ratio of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, potassium hydroxide and humic acid is (3-7): 1: (1-2), the humic acid is mineral humic acid extracted from lignite or weathered coal.
3. The low-temperature-resistant suspended liquid fertilizer capable of intelligently regulating and controlling the pH of irrigation water according to claim 1, wherein the antifreezing auxiliary agent is a mixture of ethylene glycol, glycerol and triethanolamine, and the ratio of ethylene glycol: glycerol: the mass ratio of triethanolamine is (3-5): (1-2): 1.
4. the low-temperature-resistant suspended liquid fertilizer capable of intelligently regulating and controlling the pH of irrigation water as claimed in claim 1, wherein the anti-adverse synergistic factor is one or a combination of more than two of betaine, naphthylacetic acid, indolebutyric acid or vitamins; preferably, the anti-adverse synergistic factor is a mixture of betaine, naphthylacetic acid, indolebutyric acid and vitamins, wherein the ratio of betaine: naphthalene acetic acid: indole butyric acid: the mass ratio of the vitamins is (2-3): (0.1-0.4): (0.1-0.4): 1; the macroelement fertilizer is a combination of potassium dihydrogen phosphite, monoammonium phosphate and urea ammonium nitrate; the compound microelement fertilizer is a combination of ferrous citrate, chelated zinc and boric acid.
5. The low-temperature resistant suspended liquid fertilizer capable of intelligently regulating and controlling the pH of irrigation water as claimed in claim 1, further comprising a scarifier and a suspension aid.
6. The low-temperature resistant suspended liquid fertilizer capable of intelligently regulating and controlling the pH of irrigation water as claimed in claim 5, wherein the scarifier is polyacrylamide with a molecular weight of 300-400 ten thousand; the selected suspension auxiliary agent is clay substance and organic saccharide according to the mass ratio of (1-3): the mixture of (2-4); wherein the clay is one or more of bentonite, diatomite or kaolin; the organic saccharide is one or more of acacia, gelatin, xanthan gum or potassium alginate.
7. The low temperature resistant suspended liquid fertilizer capable of intelligently regulating and controlling the pH of irrigation water as claimed in claim 5, wherein the suspending agent is a combination of bentonite, xanthan gum and potassium alginate, the ratio of bentonite: xanthan gum: the mass ratio of the potassium alginate is 2 (1-3) to (1-2).
8. In the suspension liquid fertilizer, the concentration of potassium dihydrogen phosphite is 20-60g/L, the concentration of monoammonium phosphate is 200-240g/L, the concentration of urea ammonium nitrate is 365-400g/L, the concentration of ferrous citrate is 3-8g/L, the concentration of chelated zinc is 4-10g/L, the concentration of boric acid is 20-40g/L, the concentration of a scarifier is 40-100g/L, the concentration of an anti-freezing auxiliary agent is 20-60g/L, the concentration of an anti-adversity synergistic factor is 0.5-2.0g/L, the concentration of a suspension auxiliary agent is 2-10g/L, and the concentration of an intelligent pH regulation factor is 200-340 g/L;
preferably, in the suspension liquid fertilizer, the concentration of potassium dihydrogen phosphite is 30-50g/L, the concentration of monoammonium phosphate is 215-235g/L, the concentration of urea ammonium nitrate is 370-390g/L, the concentration of ferrous citrate is 4-7g/L, the concentration of chelated zinc is 6-9g/L, the concentration of boric acid is 25-35g/L, the concentration of a scarifier is 70-90g/L, the concentration of an antifreezing aid is 35-50g/L, the concentration of an anti-adversity synergistic factor is 0.6-1.7g/L, the concentration of a suspension aid is 3-8g/L, and the concentration of a pH intelligent regulation factor is 210-330 g/L.
9. A preparation method of a low-temperature-resistant suspended liquid fertilizer capable of intelligently regulating and controlling the pH value of irrigation water comprises the following steps:
(1) adding the pH intelligent control factor into water for grinding to obtain a first mixed solution;
(2) adding the macroelement fertilizer, the compound microelement fertilizer and the suspension auxiliary agent into the first mixed solution, and continuously grinding to obtain a suspension;
(3) and transferring the suspension into another reaction kettle, adding an antifreezing auxiliary agent, a soil loosening agent and an anti-stress synergistic factor, and uniformly stirring to obtain the anti-freezing soil-loosening agent.
10. The use of the low temperature resistant suspended liquid fertilizer for intelligently regulating the pH of irrigation water of claim 1 as a nutrient solution for hydroponic plants; or used for field crops or greenhouse vegetables, and is diluted by water to be 500-1000 times of the volume of the original solution when in use.
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