CN110786204A - Industrial production method of cordyceps sinensis - Google Patents

Industrial production method of cordyceps sinensis Download PDF

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Publication number
CN110786204A
CN110786204A CN201911192137.0A CN201911192137A CN110786204A CN 110786204 A CN110786204 A CN 110786204A CN 201911192137 A CN201911192137 A CN 201911192137A CN 110786204 A CN110786204 A CN 110786204A
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soil
insect
cordyceps sinensis
culturing
larvae
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杨琴
余欢
张翰熙
刘彦泓
李泉森
杨兰
陈祖祥
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G18/00Cultivation of mushrooms
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G18/00Cultivation of mushrooms
    • A01G18/20Culture media, e.g. compost
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01KANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
    • A01K67/00Rearing or breeding animals, not otherwise provided for; New or modified breeds of animals
    • A01K67/033Rearing or breeding invertebrates; New breeds of invertebrates

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Mycology (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • Zoology (AREA)
  • Animal Husbandry (AREA)
  • Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
  • Micro-Organisms Or Cultivation Processes Thereof (AREA)
  • Mushroom Cultivation (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for industrially producing cordyceps sinensis, which comprises the following steps: culturing hepialus armoricanus pupae into a moth, inducing male and female moths to copulate and lay eggs, and hatching worm eggs; planting Cordyceps in sterile soil, collecting and culturing strains; spreading soil and Ginseng radix fruits in the insect breeding box, spreading ovum on the upper layer, spreading a layer of sterile soil, breeding hepialus armoricanus larva for 50-60 days, and separating to obtain insect breeding box 1; spreading soil mixed with strains, ginseng fruits and polygonum bulbosum in the insect breeding box, dividing the insect breeding box 1 into 2-3 insect breeding boxes to obtain an insect breeding box 2, spreading sterile soil on the surface of the insect breeding box for breeding, and allowing the larvae to grow into 3-year-old insects; adding Polygonum hydropiper, ginseng fruit and sterile soil into a 50-100ml insect-culturing bottle, and adding 3 instar insects for culturing, wherein 50-60% of larvae in the bottle become stiff insects; culturing Bombyx Batryticatus in sterile soil, collecting fruiting body of Bombyx Batryticatus after it grows to 4-5cm above soil surface, removing surface soil, and air drying to obtain Cordyceps product.

Description

Industrial production method of cordyceps sinensis
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of cultivation of cordyceps sinensis, in particular to a method for industrially producing cordyceps sinensis.
Background
The prior indoor artificial cultivation technology of the cordyceps sinensis breeds the hepialus larvae by artificially hatching the eggs of the hepialus host hepialus larvae and feeding the hepialus larvae with balanced nutrition suitable for the growth of the larvae; meanwhile, cordyceps sinensis is collected and cultured, larvae are combined with the cordyceps sinensis through manual intervention, and then hyphae grow in the larvae, so that the larvae are rigidified. And then culturing the stiff insects by artificially simulating the natural environment to ensure that hyphae in the stiff insects grow and mature, and finally inducing the stiff insects to grow sporocarps to finish the production of artificially cultured cordyceps sinensis. Meanwhile, in the process of growth of the hepialus armoricanus larvae, due to the individual difference, part of the larvae are not infected with cordyceps sinensis, so that pupation can be smoothly grown, eclosion becomes imagoes, the imagoes mate to lay eggs, and generation alternation of the hepialus armoricanus as a host of the cordyceps sinensis is completed. In addition, the stiff insects are induced to grow sporocarps and then are continuously cultivated, so that the sporocarps are mature to generate ascospores, and the generation alternation of the cordyceps sinensis is completed.
At present, in the production process of artificially cultivating the cordyceps sinensis, the bat moth larvae are all bred in the environment of constant temperature, constant humidity and high cleanliness, and the whole process lasts for 10-18 months, so that the production process has many links, large difference of larva growth individuals and unstable yield and quality, which causes that manufacturers cannot produce the cordyceps sinensis in quantity and can not produce the cordyceps sinensis in a real industrialized way.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for industrially producing cordyceps sinensis, which can intensively produce the cordyceps sinensis with controllable cost and quality in a factory, reduce the excessive mining and digging of wild cordyceps sinensis and protect the sustainable development of wild cordyceps sinensis resources.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme provided by the invention is as follows: a method for industrially culturing Cordyceps comprises the following steps:
step 1): sterilizing hepialus pupae collected from wild with ethanol, washing with water, culturing feather-formed moth in clean room, inducing male and female moth to copulate and lay eggs, and hatching eggs for use;
step 2): planting Cordyceps collected from wild in clean room in sterile soil, collecting and culturing strains;
step 3): sequentially paving the soil and the ginseng fruits which are respectively sterilized in an insect breeding box, scattering the eggs obtained in the step 1) on the upper layer, paving a layer of sterile soil, placing the sterilized soil in a clean room, breeding the hepialus armoricanus larvae for 50-60 days, and then performing box separation to obtain the insect breeding box 1;
step 4): sequentially paving soil mixed with the strains obtained in the step 2), ginseng fruits and polygonum bulbiferum in the insect breeding box, dividing the insect breeding box 1 into 2-3 boxes to obtain the insect breeding box 2, enabling 200 plus 300 larvae in each insect breeding box 2, scattering sterile soil on the surface, breeding in a clean room for 40-50 days, and waiting for 3 instar larvae to grow for later use;
step 5): adding polygonum bulbiferum, ginseng fruit and sterile soil into an insect breeding bottle, putting the 3 rd instar obtained in the step 4) into the bottle 1, and placing the bottle in a clean room for breeding for 3-4 months, wherein 50-60% of larvae in the bottle become stiff insects and 30-40% of larvae become pupae for later use;
step 6): the worm pupae are put into a clean room to be cultivated into the feather moths, and the male and female moths are induced to copulate and lay eggs, so that one life cycle of the hepialus armoricanus is completed, and worm seeds are provided for the next production; culturing Bombyx Batryticatus in sterile soil for 30-50 days, collecting fruiting body of Bombyx Batryticatus after it grows to 4-5cm above soil surface, removing surface soil, and air drying to obtain Cordyceps product.
As a preferable scheme of the invention, the temperature of the clean room is 10-15 ℃, and the humidity is 60-80%.
As a preferable scheme of the invention, the length, the width and the height of the insect box 1 in the step 3) are respectively 30-50cm, 25-35cm and 10-20 cm; as the optimal scheme of the invention, the length, the width and the height of the insect box 1 in the step 3) are respectively 40cm, 28cm and 14 cm.
As a preferable scheme of the invention, the thickness of the soil in the step 3) is 1-3 cm; as the optimal scheme of the invention, the thickness of the soil in the step 3) is 1 cm.
As a preferable scheme of the invention, the ginseng fruit in the step 3) is 0.1-1kg in mass; as the optimal scheme of the invention, the ginseng fruit mass in the step 3) is 0.5 kg.
As a preferable scheme of the invention, the ginseng fruit in the step 4) is 0.1-0.3kg in mass; as the optimal scheme of the invention, the ginseng fruit mass in the step 4) is 0.2 kg; the mass of the polygonum bulbiferum is 0.1-1 kg; as the optimal scheme of the invention, the mass of the polygonum bulbiferum is 0.5 kg.
As a preferable scheme of the invention, the insect breeding bottle in the step 5) is a glass bottle or a plastic bottle with the volume of 50-100 ml.
As a preferable scheme of the invention, the masses of the polygonum bulbiferum, the ginseng fruit and the sterile soil in the step 5) are respectively 5-10 g, 5-10 g and 15-20 g.
As a preferable scheme of the invention, the humidity of the sterile soil in the step 6) is 30-40%.
As a preferable embodiment of the present invention, the culture temperature in step 6) is 15-20 ℃ and the culture illumination is 3000-.
Compared with the existing cultivation method, the invention has the following advantages:
at present, the artificial cultivation mode of the cordyceps sinensis has extremely high requirements on environment and technology and unstable yield and quality. The invention provides an application method for carrying out standardized operation under the environment of constant temperature, constant humidity and high cleanliness to control the production cost and produce high-quality cordyceps sinensis.
The production method of the invention can carry out the industrial production of the cordyceps sinensis in a clean factory with proper temperature and proper degree and can be manually controlled at 10 ten thousand grade cleanliness.
The production method can intensively produce the cordyceps sinensis with controllable cost and quality in a factory, reduces excessive mining and digging of wild cordyceps sinensis, and protects sustainable development of wild cordyceps sinensis resources.
Detailed Description
The claims of the present invention are described in further detail below with reference to specific examples.
Example 1
Step 1): sterilizing hepialus pupae collected from wild with ethanol, washing with water, culturing feather-formed moth in clean room, inducing male and female moth to copulate and lay eggs, and incubating to obtain worm eggs for use;
step 2): planting Cordyceps collected from wild in clean room in sterile soil, collecting and culturing strains;
step 3): sequentially paving 1cm of sterilized soil and 0.5kg of ginseng fruit in insect boxes with the length, width and height of 40cm, 28cm and 14cm respectively, scattering the eggs obtained in the step 1) on the upper layer, paving a layer of 1cm of sterile soil, putting the eggs in a clean room, feeding the bat moth larvae for 50-60 days, and then dividing the boxes to obtain an insect box 1;
step 4): sequentially paving soil mixed with the strains obtained in the step 2), 0.2kg of ginseng fruits and 0.5kg of polygonum capitatum in the insect breeding box 2, dividing the insect breeding box 1 into 2-3 boxes to obtain the insect breeding box 2, enabling 250 larvae to be in each insect breeding box 2, then scattering sterile soil on the surface, breeding in a clean room for 40-50 days, and waiting for 3-year-old larvae to grow for later use;
step 5): adding 7.5 g of Polygonum nuciferum, 7.5 g of ginseng fruit and 17.5 g of sterile soil into a glass bottle or a plastic bottle with the volume of 50-100ml, placing 1 of the 3 rd instar obtained in the step 4), placing the 3 rd instar in a clean room for feeding for 3-5 months, wherein 50-60% of larvae in the bottle become stiff insects and 30-40% of larvae become pupae for later use;
step 6): the worm pupae are put into a clean room to be cultivated into the feather moths, and the male and female moths are induced to copulate and lay eggs, so that one life cycle of the hepialus armoricanus is completed, and worm seeds are provided for the next production; culturing Bombyx Batryticatus in sterile soil with humidity of 35% at 17.5 deg.C under 4000LUX for 30 days, collecting fruiting body of Bombyx Batryticatus after it grows out 4-5cm of soil surface, removing soil on surface, and air drying to obtain Cordyceps product.
The temperature and the humidity of the clean room are respectively 10-15 ℃ and 60-80%.
Example 2
Step 1): sterilizing hepialus pupae collected from wild with ethanol, washing with water, culturing feather-formed moth in clean room, inducing male and female moth to copulate and lay eggs, and incubating to obtain worm eggs for use;
step 2): planting Cordyceps collected from wild in clean room in sterile soil, collecting and culturing strains;
step 3): sequentially paving 2cm of sterilized soil and 0.3kg of ginseng fruit in insect boxes with the length, width and height of 30cm, 35cm and 10cm respectively, scattering the eggs obtained in the step 1) on the upper layer, paving a layer of 2cm sterile soil, putting the eggs in a clean room, feeding the bat moth larvae for 50-60 days, and then dividing the boxes to obtain the insect box 1;
step 4): sequentially paving soil mixed with the strains obtained in the step 2), 0.1kg of ginseng fruits and 1kg of polygonum capitatum in the insect breeding box 2, dividing the insect breeding box 1 into 2-3 boxes to obtain the insect breeding box 2, enabling 220 larvae in each insect breeding box 2, scattering sterile soil on the surface, breeding in a clean room for 43 days, and keeping 3 instar larvae for later use after the larvae grow into 3 instar larvae;
step 5): adding 6 g of polygonum bulbiferum, 9 g of ginseng fruit and 16 g of sterile soil into a glass bottle or a plastic bottle with the volume of 50-100ml, putting 1 of the 3 rd instar obtained in the step 4), placing the 3 rd instar in a clean room for feeding for 3-4 months, wherein 50-60% of larvae in the bottle become stiff insects and 30-40% of larvae become pupae for later use;
step 6): the worm pupae are put into a clean room to be cultivated into the feather moths, and the male and female moths are induced to copulate and lay eggs, so that one life cycle of the hepialus armoricanus is completed, and worm seeds are provided for the next production; the stiff silkworm is planted in sterile soil with the humidity of 30-40% and cultured for 15-30 days at the temperature of 15-20 ℃, the culture illumination is 3000-.
The temperature and the humidity of the clean room are respectively 10-15 ℃ and 60-80%.
Example 3
Step 1): sterilizing hepialus pupae collected from wild with ethanol, washing with water, culturing feather-formed moth in clean room, inducing male and female moth to copulate and lay eggs, and incubating to obtain worm eggs for use;
step 2): planting Cordyceps collected from wild in clean room in sterile soil, collecting and culturing strains;
step 3): sequentially paving 1.7cm of sterilized soil and 0.9kg of ginseng fruit in insect boxes with the length, width and height of 48cm, 30cm and 16cm respectively, then scattering the eggs obtained in the step 1) on the upper layer, paving a layer of 1.7cm of sterile soil, putting the eggs in a clean room, feeding the hepialus armoricanus larvae for 50-60 days, and then dividing the box to obtain the insect box 1;
step 4): sequentially paving soil mixed with the strains obtained in the step 2), 0.3kg of ginseng fruits and 0.1kg of polygonum capitatum in the insect breeding box 2, dividing the insect breeding box 1 into 2-3 insect breeding boxes 2, enabling 290 larvae to be in each insect breeding box 2, scattering sterile soil on the surface, breeding for 49 days in a clean room, and waiting for 3-year-old larvae to grow for later use;
step 5): adding 9 g of polygonum bulbiferum, 8 g of ginseng fruit and 16 g of sterile soil into a glass bottle or a plastic product with the volume of 50-100ml, putting 1 head of the 3 rd instar obtained in the step 4), placing the 3 rd instar in a clean room for feeding for 3-4 months, wherein 50-60% of larvae in the bottle become stiff insects and 30-40% of larvae in the bottle become pupae for later use;
step 6): the worm pupae are put into a clean room to be cultivated into the feather moths, and the male and female moths are induced to copulate and lay eggs, so that one life cycle of the hepialus armoricanus is completed, and worm seeds are provided for the next production; the stiff silkworm is planted in sterile soil with the humidity of 30-40% and cultured for 15-30 days at the temperature of 15-20 ℃, the culture illumination is 3000-.
The temperature and the humidity of the clean room are respectively 10-15 ℃ and 60-80%.
Example 4
Step 1): sterilizing hepialus pupae collected from wild with ethanol, washing with water, culturing feather-formed moth in clean room, inducing male and female moth to copulate and lay eggs, and incubating to obtain worm eggs for use;
step 2): planting Cordyceps collected from wild in clean room in sterile soil, collecting and culturing strains;
step 3): sequentially paving 2.9cm of sterilized soil and 0.8kg of ginseng fruit in insect boxes with the length, width and height of 33cm, 33cm and 18cm respectively, then scattering the eggs obtained in the step 1) on the upper layer, paving a layer of 2.9cm sterile soil, putting the eggs in a clean room, feeding the hepialus armoricanus larvae for 50-60 days, and then dividing the box to obtain the insect box 1;
step 4): sequentially paving soil mixed with the strains obtained in the step 2), 0.2kg of ginseng fruits and 0.4kg of polygonum capitatum in an insect breeding box 2, dividing an insect breeding 1 into 2-3 boxes to obtain the insect breeding box 2, enabling 230 larvae in each insect breeding box 2, scattering sterile soil on the surface, breeding in a clean room for 40-50 days, and keeping the larvae growing into 3-year-old insects for later use;
step 5): adding 7 g of polygonum bulbiferum, 7 g of ginseng fruit and 19 g of sterile soil into a glass bottle or a plastic bottle with the volume of 50-100ml, putting 1 of the 3 rd instar obtained in the step 4), placing the 3 rd instar in a clean room for feeding for 3-4 months, wherein 50-60% of larvae in the bottle become stiff insects and 30-40% of larvae become pupae for later use;
step 6): the worm pupae are put into a clean room to be cultivated into the feather moths, and the male and female moths are induced to copulate and lay eggs, so that one life cycle of the hepialus armoricanus is completed, and worm seeds are provided for the next production; the method comprises the steps of planting stiff insects in sterile soil with the humidity of 30-40% for culturing for 30-40 days, culturing at the temperature of 15-20 ℃, culturing under the illumination of 3000-5000LUX, harvesting after sporophores of the stiff insects grow to 4-5cm above the soil surface, removing soil on the surface, and airing to obtain the finished cordyceps sinensis.
The temperature and the humidity of the clean room are respectively 10-15 ℃ and 60-80%.

Claims (10)

1. The method for industrially producing the cordyceps sinensis is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
step 1): sterilizing hepialus pupae with ethanol, cleaning, culturing feather-forming moth in clean room, inducing male and female moth to copulate and lay eggs, and hatching eggs for use;
step 2): planting Cordyceps in sterile soil in clean room, collecting and culturing strains;
step 3): sequentially paving the soil and the ginseng fruits which are respectively sterilized in an insect breeding box, scattering the eggs obtained in the step 1) on the upper layer, paving a layer of sterile soil, placing the sterilized soil in a clean room, breeding the hepialus armoricanus larvae for 50-60 days, and then performing box separation to obtain the insect breeding box 1;
step 4): sequentially paving soil mixed with the strains obtained in the step 2), ginseng fruits and polygonum bulbiferum in the insect breeding box 2, dividing the insect breeding box 1 into 2-3 boxes to obtain the insect breeding box 2, enabling 200 plus 300 larvae in each insect breeding box 2, scattering sterile soil on the surface, breeding in a clean room for 40-50 days, and waiting for 3 instar larvae to grow for later use;
step 5): adding polygonum bulbiferum, ginseng fruit and sterile soil into an insect breeding bottle with the volume of 50-100ml, putting 1 insect of 3 instars obtained in the step 4), placing the insect breeding bottle in a clean room for breeding for 3-4 months, wherein 50-60% of larvae in the bottle become stiff insects, and 30-40% of larvae in the bottle become pupae for later use;
step 6): the worm pupae are put into a clean room to be cultivated into the feather moths, and the male and female moths are induced to copulate and lay eggs, so that one life cycle of the hepialus armoricanus is completed, and worm seeds are provided for the next production; culturing Bombyx Batryticatus in sterile soil for 30-50 days, collecting fruiting body of Bombyx Batryticatus after it grows to 4-5cm above soil surface, removing surface soil, and air drying to obtain Cordyceps product.
2. The method for industrially producing Cordyceps sinensis according to claim 1, wherein the temperature of the clean room is 10-15 ℃ and the humidity is 60-80%.
3. The method for industrially producing cordyceps sinensis according to claim 1, wherein the length, width and height of the insect-raising box 1 in the step 3) are respectively 30-50cm, 25-35cm and 10-20 cm; preferably 40cm, 28cm, 14 cm.
4. The method for industrially producing Cordyceps sinensis according to claim 1, wherein the thickness of the soil in step 3) is 1-3cm, preferably 1 cm.
5. The method for industrially producing Cordyceps sinensis according to claim 1, wherein the ginseng fruit of step 3) has a mass of 0.1 to 1kg, preferably 0.5 kg.
6. The method for industrially producing cordyceps sinensis according to claim 1, wherein the ginseng fruit of step 4) has a mass of 0.1 to 0.3kg, preferably 0.2 kg; the mass of the polygonum bulbiferum is 0.1-1kg, preferably 0.5 kg.
7. The method for industrially producing Cordyceps sinensis according to claim 1, wherein the insect-feeding bottle of step 5) is a glass bottle or a plastic bottle having a volume of 50-100 ml.
8. The method for industrially producing cordyceps sinensis according to claim 1, wherein the mass of the polygonum bulbiferum, the ginseng fruit and the sterile soil in the step 5) is 5-10 g, 5-10 g and 15-20 g respectively.
9. The method for industrially producing cordyceps sinensis according to claim 1, wherein the humidity of the sterilized soil in the step 6) is 30-40%.
10. The method for industrially producing Cordyceps sinensis according to claim 1, wherein the culturing temperature in step 6) is 15-20 ℃ and the culturing light irradiation is 3000-.
CN201911192137.0A 2019-11-28 2019-11-28 Industrial production method of cordyceps sinensis Pending CN110786204A (en)

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CN117837565B (en) * 2024-03-08 2024-05-14 四川朕源生物科技有限公司 Raising method for improving appearance quality of hepialus larva

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Application publication date: 20200214