CN110778270A - Drilling speed-increasing tool capable of forming periodic drill string axial creeping and bit pressure fluctuation - Google Patents
Drilling speed-increasing tool capable of forming periodic drill string axial creeping and bit pressure fluctuation Download PDFInfo
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- CN110778270A CN110778270A CN201911012374.4A CN201911012374A CN110778270A CN 110778270 A CN110778270 A CN 110778270A CN 201911012374 A CN201911012374 A CN 201911012374A CN 110778270 A CN110778270 A CN 110778270A
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- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 45
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 22
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000010349 pulsation Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 abstract description 12
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005755 formation reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009527 percussion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005538 encapsulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002572 peristaltic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000036962 time dependent Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 1
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B4/00—Drives for drilling, used in the borehole
- E21B4/02—Fluid rotary type drives
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B4/00—Drives for drilling, used in the borehole
- E21B4/006—Mechanical motion converting means, e.g. reduction gearings
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
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- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Earth Drilling (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a drilling speed-up tool capable of forming periodic axial creeping of a drill stem and bit pressure fluctuation, which comprises a shell, wherein an upper joint is sleeved at the upper end of the shell, the lower end of the shell is connected with a lower joint, and the upper end in a cavity of the lower joint is connected with a pressure-bearing ring in a sliding and sealing manner; a step shaft is arranged in the cavity of the shell, the upper end of the step shaft is connected with the lower end of the upper joint, the lower end of the step shaft is connected with the pressure-bearing ring, a disc spring group is sleeved on the periphery of the step shaft, and two ends of the disc spring group respectively abut against the step surface on the outer side of the step shaft and the top annular surface of the lower joint; the middle part in the cavity of the lower joint is fixedly provided with a pulsating pressure generating assembly. The invention can make the drilling circulating medium form pulsating pressure with a certain fluctuation period through the pulsating pressure generating assembly, and the pulsating pressure is converted into periodic axial creeping of an upper drill column and periodic fluctuating bit pressure on a bottom hole drill bit by the pressure bearing ring, thereby improving the rock breaking drilling efficiency and fully avoiding the hard impact of a metal surface.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of petroleum equipment, in particular to a drilling speed-up tool capable of forming periodic axial creep of a drill column and bit pressure fluctuation.
Background
In recent years, the structural complexity of oil and gas wells in oil and gas drilling engineering is gradually increased, the proportion of wells with complex structures such as deep wells, ultra-deep wells, long horizontal wells, multilateral wells and the like is increased in the actual exploitation process, the mechanical drilling speed and the drilling pressure transmission effectiveness of rock breaking drilling are reduced due to the difficult problems of deep well hard rock stratum, well wall friction resistance and the like faced by the increase of the drilling depth and the well body structural complexity, the requirements on the drilling method and the process technology are also increased, the traditional impact drilling speed raising tools such as a hydraulic impactor, a torsion impactor, a down-the-hole hammer and the like are difficult to solve the fatigue failure problem caused by metal surface hard impact by the mode of generating rock breaking impact energy with certain frequency by converting the kinetic energy of a drilling working medium into the hard impact energy of the impact hammer and an anvil, so that the service life of the tools is difficult to improve, and the problem of increasing the formation friction resistance of deep wells, horizontal wells and the like can not be solved. Therefore, scholars at home and abroad put forward a great number of solutions, wherein the most effective tool which is most widely applied at present belongs to a hydraulic oscillator (mainly represented as an NOV hydraulic oscillator), the hydraulic oscillator can generate axial creeping with a certain period, the problem of difficult formation grinding resistance can be effectively solved, but the hydraulic oscillator can only effectively transmit the bit pressure, cannot generate the bit pressure which periodically fluctuates, and the mechanical drilling speed is not obviously improved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a drilling speed-up tool capable of forming periodic axial creeping of a drill stem and bit pressure fluctuation, which can enable a drilling circulating medium to form pulsating pressure with a certain fluctuation period through a pulsating pressure generating assembly, and a pressure-bearing ring converts the pulsating pressure into the periodic axial creeping of the upper drill stem and the periodic fluctuating bit pressure on a bottom hole drill bit, thereby improving the rock breaking drilling efficiency and fully avoiding the hard impact of a metal surface.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
the drilling speed-up tool capable of forming periodic axial creeping of a drill stem and bit pressure fluctuation comprises a shell, wherein an upper joint is sleeved at the upper end of the shell, the lower end of the shell is connected with a lower joint, and the upper end in a cavity of the lower joint is connected with a pressure-bearing ring in a sliding and sealing manner;
a step shaft is arranged in the cavity of the shell, the upper end of the step shaft is connected with the lower end of the upper joint, the lower end of the step shaft is connected with the pressure-bearing ring, a disc spring group is sleeved on the periphery of the step shaft, and two ends of the disc spring group respectively abut against the step surface on the outer side of the step shaft and the circular ring surface at the top end of the lower joint;
the upper end of the inner wall of the shell is provided with a transmission part, the transmission part is matched with the middle part of the periphery of the upper joint and is used for transmitting circumferential torque after being matched with the transmission part, a limiting step is arranged below the transmission part on the inner wall of the shell and is used for limiting the axial movement of the step shaft;
the middle part fixed mounting has pulsating pressure to take place the subassembly in the lower clutch intracavity, the subassembly takes place in the pulsation includes impeller water conservancy diversion cover, impeller and impeller base, the impeller base is located the below of impeller water conservancy diversion cover, the impeller is located the below of impeller water conservancy diversion cover to rotate the one side of connecting in the impeller base intracavity, be equipped with eccentric runner on the impeller water conservancy diversion cover, eccentric runner is used for the medium direction impeller's that will flow through on the blade of one side.
Preferably, the transmission part on the inner wall of the shell is a key groove, and a key matched with the key groove is arranged in the middle of the periphery of the upper joint.
Preferably, the transmission part on the inner wall of the shell is a polygonal cavity, and the middle part of the periphery of the upper joint is of a polygonal structure matched with the transmission part.
Preferably, the inner diameter of the housing at the position of the limiting step is smaller than the diameter of the upper end of the step shaft.
Preferably, the inner diameter of the shell at the limiting step is smaller than the diameter of the middle part of the upper joint.
Preferably, the eccentric flow channel on the impeller flow guide sleeve is in a closed-up shape.
Preferably, the middle part of the lower joint is provided with an installation cavity matched with the periphery of the pulsating pressure generation assembly.
Preferably, a retainer ring groove is formed in the inner wall of the lower joint and located above the mounting cavity, an elastic retainer ring is mounted in the retainer ring groove, and the pulsating pressure generation assembly is packaged in the mounting cavity through the elastic retainer ring.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
the invention makes the drilling circulating medium form pulsating pressure with a certain fluctuation period through the pulsating pressure generating assembly, and the pulsating pressure is converted into periodic axial creeping of an upper drill stem and periodic fluctuating bit pressure on a bottom hole drill bit by the pressure-bearing ring;
the periodic axial creeping of the upper drill stem can convert the static friction between the drill stem and the well wall into sliding friction, reduce the increasing speed of the instantaneous sliding friction coefficient of the elastic bit feeding of the drill stem, and is beneficial to reducing the resistance and the friction and avoiding the occurrence of the drill sticking accident;
the periodically fluctuating bit pressure on the drill bit at the well bottom can convert the static pressure rock breaking effect of the drill bit into dynamic load rock breaking drilling effect, and the torque provided by the upper power drilling tool or the ground turntable can form a rotary percussion drilling operation mode at the well bottom, so that the rock breaking drilling efficiency of hard formations such as deep wells, ultra-deep wells and the like can be effectively improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 illustrates a flow grid model and its boundary map for a CFD simulation of the tool of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a plot of axial creep displacement of a drill string over time obtained by CFD simulation;
FIG. 4 is a plot of fluctuating weight on bit developed over time by CFD simulation;
in the figure: 1. an upper joint 2, a shell 3 and a step shaft; 4. a disc spring group 5, a pressure bearing ring 6, an elastic retainer ring 7 and an impeller guide sleeve; 8. impeller axle, 9, impeller, 10, impeller base, 11, lower clutch, 12, transmission portion, 13, spacing step, 14, step face, 15, eccentric runner.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated below with reference to the figures and examples.
Example 1
Referring to fig. 1, the drilling acceleration tool capable of forming periodic axial creep of a drill string and bit pressure fluctuation comprises an upper joint 1, a shell 2 and a lower joint 11;
the upper joint 1 is sleeved at the upper end of the shell 2, the upper joint 1 is used for being connected with an upper drill string, the lower joint 11 is in threaded connection with the lower end of the shell 2, a step shaft 3 is arranged in a cavity of the shell 2, and the upper end of the cavity of the lower joint 11 is connected with a pressure-bearing ring 5 in a sliding and sealing mode.
The upper end of the step shaft 3 is in threaded connection with the lower end of the upper joint 1, the lower end of the step shaft 3 is in threaded connection with the pressure-bearing ring 5, and communicated flow passages are formed in the upper joint 1, the step shaft 3, the pressure-bearing ring 5 and the lower joint 11.
The middle part of the periphery of the stepped shaft 3 is sleeved with a disc spring group 4, the upper end of the disc spring group 4 is propped against the outside stepped surface 14 of the stepped shaft 3, and the lower end of the disc spring group 4 is propped against the top end annular surface of the lower joint 11.
The inner wall upper end of casing 2 is equipped with transmission portion 12, and the periphery middle part and the 12 adaptations of transmission portion of top connection 1 are used for transmitting the circumference moment of torsion after the cooperation, specifically are:
the transmission portion 12 on the inner wall of the shell 2 is a key groove, the middle of the periphery of the upper joint 1 is provided with a key matched with the key groove, or the transmission portion 12 on the inner wall of the shell 2 is a polygonal cavity, and the middle of the periphery of the upper joint 1 is of a polygonal structure matched with the transmission portion 12.
The lower part of the inner wall of the shell 2, which is positioned at the transmission part 12, is provided with a raised limit step 13, and the limit step 13 is used for limiting the axial movement of the step shaft 3, so that the step shaft 3 is prevented from being separated from the shell 2.
The middle part in the cavity of the lower joint 11 is fixedly provided with a pulsating pressure generation assembly, and the pulsating pressure generation assembly comprises an impeller guide sleeve 7, an impeller 9 and an impeller base 10;
the impeller base 10 is positioned below the impeller guide sleeve 7, the impeller 9 is positioned below the impeller guide sleeve 7, and the impeller 9 is rotatably connected to one side in the cavity of the impeller base 10 through an impeller shaft 8 on the impeller 9;
the impeller guide sleeve 7 is provided with an eccentric flow passage 15, and the eccentric flow passage 15 is used for guiding a medium flowing through to a blade on one side of the impeller 9.
The working process of the invention is as follows:
the upper joint 1 is connected with an upper drill string, the lower joint 11 is connected with a well bottom drill bit, and a drilling circulating medium enters a communicated flow channel formed by the upper joint 1, the step shaft 3, the pressure bearing ring 5 and the lower joint 11 through the upper joint 1;
the drilling circulating medium forms a certain jet effect when passing through a central hole on the pressure-bearing ring 5, and forms a flow guide effect through the impeller flow guide sleeve 7 to impact the impeller 9, so that the impeller generates a certain period of rotary motion, and the upstream drilling circulating medium forms periodic fluctuation, thereby generating pulsating pressure;
the pulsating pressure acts on the lower end face of the pressure bearing ring 5 to push the upper connector 1 and the step shaft 3 to move axially, so that the upper drill string generates certain axial periodic creeping, the drilling pressure applied to a drill bit at the bottom of the well through the disc spring group 4 generates periodic fluctuation, and the rotary impact drilling can be formed at the bottom of the well by matching with the circumferential rotating torque transmitted from the upper part.
The hydraulic drilling speed-increasing device has the action effect of the hydraulic oscillator and the working characteristics of the impact type drilling speed-increasing technology, and has the advantages of simple structure, strong functionality and good adaptability;
the drilling circulating medium forms pulsating pressure with a certain fluctuation period through the pulsating pressure generating assembly, the pulsating pressure is converted into periodic axial creeping of an upper drill column and periodic fluctuating bit pressure on a bottom hole drill bit through the pressure bearing ring 5, the rock breaking drilling efficiency is improved, and hard impact of a metal surface is fully avoided;
the periodic axial creeping of the upper drill stem can convert the static friction between the drill stem and the well wall into sliding friction, reduce the increasing speed of the instantaneous sliding friction coefficient of the elastic bit feeding of the upper drill stem, and is beneficial to reducing the resistance and the friction and avoiding the occurrence of the drill sticking accident;
the periodically fluctuating bit pressure on the drill bit at the bottom of the well can convert the static pressure rock breaking effect of the drill bit into dynamic load rock breaking drilling effect, and a rotary percussion drilling operation mode can be formed at the bottom of the well by combining the torque provided by the upper power drilling tool or the ground turntable, so that the rock breaking drilling efficiency of hard formations such as deep wells, ultra-deep wells and the like can be effectively improved;
in addition, pulsating pressure generating components with different parameters can be replaced integrally or partially or drilling circulating media with different attributes are adopted to adjust the change characteristic of the pulsating pressure generated by the drilling circulating media, different output characteristics are formed according to different working conditions and drilling stratum characteristics, the axial peristaltic displacement of a drill string and the fluctuation range of the drilling pressure are changed, and the adaptability of the tool is improved.
Referring to fig. 2 to 4, for further effectiveness and output characteristics of the tool of the present invention, a CFD dynamic grid technique is used to perform simulation analysis on a flow field of the tool of the present invention under a condition of a weight on bit of 80 tons, and a time-dependent change curve of axial creep displacement of a drill string and a weight on bit fluctuation curve of a bottom hole are obtained after the tool of the present invention is used.
Example 2
The embodiment is optimized on the basis of embodiment 1, and specifically comprises the following steps:
referring to fig. 1, the inner diameter of the upper limit step 13 of the housing 2 is smaller than the diameter of the upper end of the step shaft 3;
the inner diameter of the upper limit step 13 of the shell 2 is smaller than the diameter of the middle part of the upper joint 1.
Through spacing step 13 to step axle 3 and top connection 1 along axial displacement's spacing, form the step cooperation on the one hand, prevent effectively that the shaft bottom drill bit that the lower extreme is connected from dropping, on the other hand can prevent that the too big weight on upper portion from crushing dish spring group 4 to can play the guard action.
Example 3
The embodiment is optimized on the basis of embodiment 1, and specifically comprises
Referring to fig. 1, the eccentric flow passage 15 of the impeller guide sleeve 7 is in a closed-up shape;
by designing the eccentric flow passage 15 to be a closed-up structure, the drilling circulating medium can be gradually and transitionally pressurized after flowing through the eccentric flow passage 15 of the impeller flow guide sleeve 7, and the pressurized drilling circulating medium has larger impact force to drive the impeller 9 to form stronger pulse.
Example 4
The embodiment is optimized on the basis of embodiment 1, and specifically comprises the following steps:
referring to fig. 1, the middle of the lower joint 11 is provided with a mounting cavity adapted to the periphery of the pulsating pressure generation assembly.
And a retainer ring groove is arranged on the inner wall of the lower joint 11 above the mounting cavity, and an elastic retainer ring 6 is arranged in the retainer ring groove.
Through circlip 6 with the subassembly encapsulation that takes place of pulsating pressure in the installation cavity, can make things convenient for more quick take place the subassembly with pulsating pressure and assemble to lower clutch 11 in, the dismantlement when simultaneously more convenient need change or maintain pulsating pressure and take place the subassembly.
Claims (8)
1. Can form drilling acceleration tool of periodic drill string axial wriggling and weight on bit fluctuation, its characterized in that: the pressure-bearing device comprises a shell, wherein an upper joint is sleeved at the upper end of the shell, a lower joint is connected to the lower end of the shell, and a pressure-bearing ring is connected to the upper end in a cavity of the lower joint in a sliding and sealing manner;
a step shaft is arranged in the cavity of the shell, the upper end of the step shaft is connected with the lower end of the upper joint, the lower end of the step shaft is connected with the pressure-bearing ring, a disc spring group is sleeved on the periphery of the step shaft, and two ends of the disc spring group respectively abut against the step surface on the outer side of the step shaft and the circular ring surface at the top end of the lower joint;
the upper end of the inner wall of the shell is provided with a transmission part, the transmission part is matched with the middle part of the periphery of the upper joint and is used for transmitting circumferential torque after being matched with the transmission part, a limiting step is arranged below the transmission part on the inner wall of the shell and is used for limiting the axial movement of the step shaft;
the middle part fixed mounting has pulsating pressure to take place the subassembly in the lower clutch intracavity, the subassembly takes place in the pulsation includes impeller water conservancy diversion cover, impeller and impeller base, the impeller base is located the below of impeller water conservancy diversion cover, the impeller is located the below of impeller water conservancy diversion cover to rotate the one side of connecting in the impeller base intracavity, be equipped with eccentric runner on the impeller water conservancy diversion cover, eccentric runner is used for the medium direction impeller's that will flow through on the blade of one side.
2. The tool of claim 1, wherein the tool is configured to provide periodic drill string axial creep and weight on bit fluctuations, and further comprising: the transmission part on the inner wall of the shell is a key groove, and a key matched with the key groove is arranged in the middle of the periphery of the upper joint.
3. The tool of claim 1, wherein the tool is configured to provide periodic drill string axial creep and weight on bit fluctuations, and further comprising: the transmission part on the inner wall of the shell is a polygonal cavity, and the middle part of the periphery of the upper joint is of a polygonal structure matched with the transmission part.
4. The tool of claim 1, wherein the tool is configured to provide periodic drill string axial creep and weight on bit fluctuations, and further comprising: the inner diameter of the limiting step on the shell is smaller than the diameter of the upper end of the step shaft.
5. The tool of claim 1, wherein the tool is configured to provide periodic drill string axial creep and weight on bit fluctuations, and further comprising: the inner diameter of the limiting step on the shell is smaller than the diameter of the middle part of the upper joint.
6. The tool of claim 1, wherein the tool is configured to provide periodic drill string axial creep and weight on bit fluctuations, and further comprising: the eccentric flow channel on the impeller flow guide sleeve is in a closed-up shape.
7. The tool of claim 1, wherein the tool is configured to provide periodic drill string axial creep and weight on bit fluctuations, and further comprising: and the middle part of the lower joint is provided with an installation cavity matched with the periphery of the pulsating pressure generation assembly.
8. The tool of claim 7, wherein the tool is configured to provide periodic drill string axial creep and weight on bit fluctuations, and further comprising: and a retainer ring groove is formed in the inner wall of the lower joint and above the mounting cavity, an elastic retainer ring is mounted in the retainer ring groove, and the pulsating pressure generation assembly is packaged in the mounting cavity through the elastic retainer ring.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201911012374.4A CN110778270A (en) | 2019-10-23 | 2019-10-23 | Drilling speed-increasing tool capable of forming periodic drill string axial creeping and bit pressure fluctuation |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201911012374.4A CN110778270A (en) | 2019-10-23 | 2019-10-23 | Drilling speed-increasing tool capable of forming periodic drill string axial creeping and bit pressure fluctuation |
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| CN110778270A true CN110778270A (en) | 2020-02-11 |
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| CN201911012374.4A Pending CN110778270A (en) | 2019-10-23 | 2019-10-23 | Drilling speed-increasing tool capable of forming periodic drill string axial creeping and bit pressure fluctuation |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113622895A (en) * | 2021-09-15 | 2021-11-09 | 西南石油大学 | Full-intelligent variable-frequency control variable-voltage drilling tool and control system |
-
2019
- 2019-10-23 CN CN201911012374.4A patent/CN110778270A/en active Pending
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113622895A (en) * | 2021-09-15 | 2021-11-09 | 西南石油大学 | Full-intelligent variable-frequency control variable-voltage drilling tool and control system |
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