CN110777183A - Fructus cannabis oligopeptide powder and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Fructus cannabis oligopeptide powder and preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- C12P—FERMENTATION OR ENZYME-USING PROCESSES TO SYNTHESISE A DESIRED CHEMICAL COMPOUND OR COMPOSITION OR TO SEPARATE OPTICAL ISOMERS FROM A RACEMIC MIXTURE
- C12P21/00—Preparation of peptides or proteins
- C12P21/06—Preparation of peptides or proteins produced by the hydrolysis of a peptide bond, e.g. hydrolysate products
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
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- A23L33/17—Amino acids, peptides or proteins
- A23L33/18—Peptides; Protein hydrolysates
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Abstract
The invention belongs to a preparation method of a nutritional product, and particularly relates to a method for preparing fructus cannabis oligopeptide by using fructus cannabis protein powder as a raw material and utilizing a biological enzymolysis technology. The method comprises the following steps: screening raw materials, dynamically extracting slurry to obtain an extracting solution, carrying out enzymolysis step by step to obtain an enzymolysis solution, purifying the enzymolysis solution, and then carrying out powder processing to obtain fructus cannabis oligopeptide powder. The method for preparing fructus cannabis oligopeptide powder, disclosed by the invention, does not need to add any chemical reagent, is environment-friendly and harmless, is simple to operate, has low preparation cost, and is suitable for industrial production. The obtained fructus cannabis oligopeptide has the advantages of quick absorption, good taste, high utilization rate and the like, and has good solubility, stability and low allergen.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to a preparation method of a nutritional product, and particularly relates to a method for preparing fructus cannabis oligopeptide by using fructus cannabis protein powder as a raw material and utilizing a biological enzymolysis technology.
Background
Fructus cannabis is a seed of annual plant cannabis sativa of Moraceae, also known as hemp seed, fructus cannabis, and the like, as early as "sesame" in Zhou Li (peril) is one of five cereals, and as of Ben Cao gang mu (compendium of materia Medica), fructus cannabis is said to tonify middle-jiao and Qi, and is healthy and not old after long-term use. Modern researches show that the fructus cannabis is rich in nutrition, has high contents of unsaturated fatty acid, protein, trace elements and the like, is relatively in line with the absorption of nutrient substances of human bodies, is one of plant resources for both medicine and food published by the national ministry of health, is taken as a main food of local residents in the well-known village of longevity, namely Guangxi Bama, and is closely related to longevity.
Fructus cannabis is neutral in nature and sweet in taste, is good at moistening dryness and tonifying deficiency, and is clinically used for treating constipation due to intestinal dryness, diabetes, heat stranguria, arthralgia due to wind-evil, dysentery, irregular menstruation, scabies, epilepsy and other symptoms. Fructus Cannabis is rich in unsaturated fatty acid, oleic acid, Linolenic Acid (LA), protein, amino acids, lecithin, minerals and bioactive components such as sitosterol, terpenoid, and vitamin (V)
A、V
E、VB
1、VB
2The content of polyunsaturated fatty acid is as high as 80%, the ratio of linoleic acid to LA is 2.29-4.68, and the phytosterol is beneficial to human health; the hemp seed contains about 20% of protein, mainly consists of globulin and albumin, and has rich essential amino acid and high arginine content. The hemp protein is easy to digest, and the digestibility reaches 88 to 91 percent, which is obviously higher than that of soybean protein (71 percent). In addition, in vitro digestion studies show that polypeptides with blood pressure lowering function and antioxidant activity can be generated after enzymatic degradation of hemp seed protein.
Scientific research finds that the protein has high activity in the form of peptide, and small molecular dipeptide and tripeptide are more easily absorbed than single amino acid. They can be directly absorbed by human body without digestion, and the absorption rate is improved by 2-2.5 times. The exogenous peptide can be directly entered into blood in digestive tract within a period of several minutes to more than ten minutes, and the absorption and utilization degree of the exogenous peptide can almost reach 100%. This indicates that the peptides are both of higher biological potency and nutritional value than the free amino acids. In addition, the peptide can exert strong physiological activity in a trace amount. With the development of science and technology and the application of protein engineering technology, the research and product development of preparing bioactive small molecular peptides and protein hydrolysates thereof by adopting an enzymolysis technology are called as hot spots and mainstream, the prior art only extracts protein from fructus cannabis by an acid-base extraction method and then carries out enzymolysis, the production process is complex, the potential safety hazard of reagent residue exists, and the extraction of the protein by a chemical reagent can influence the active ingredients of the fructus cannabis.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide fructus cannabis oligopeptide powder and a preparation method thereof.
Specifically, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
the invention discloses a preparation method of fructus cannabis oligopeptide powder, which comprises the following steps: screening raw materials, dynamically extracting slurry to obtain an extracting solution, carrying out enzymolysis step by step to obtain an enzymolysis solution, purifying the enzymolysis solution, and then carrying out powder processing to obtain fructus cannabis oligopeptide powder.
It is to be understood that the present invention is not limited to the above-described steps and may include other additional steps without departing from the scope of the present invention.
Preferably, the raw material screening comprises the following steps: screening the raw materials, and finally selecting high-quality fructus cannabis protein powder with the oil content lower than 1%.
Preferably, the step of dynamically extracting the slurry comprises: extracting with dynamic micro-pressure extraction tank, adding water into the raw materials, heating and pressurizing, and stirring under constant temperature and micro-pressure to obtain extractive solution.
In some embodiments of the invention, a dynamic micro-pressure extraction tank is adopted for extraction, water with the weight 10 times that of the raw material is added, the temperature and the pressure are raised to 100 ℃, the pressure is 0.05MPa, the mixture is stirred and extracted for 3 to 4 hours under the conditions of constant temperature and micro-high pressure, and the extracting solution is discharged into a soup storage tank.
Preferably, the step-by-step enzymolysis step comprises: cooling the extracting solution to 52-54 ℃, firstly adding trypsin for enzymolysis, then adding flavourzyme for enzymolysis, and stirring regularly in the enzymolysis process.
More preferably, the temperature of the extracting solution is reduced to 52-54 ℃, trypsin accounting for 0.1-0.2 percent of the weight of the raw materials is firstly added for enzymolysis for 2-3 hours, flavourzyme accounting for 0.1-0.15 percent of the weight of the raw materials is then added for enzymolysis for 0.5-1 hour, and the mixture is stirred regularly during the enzymolysis process.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the mixture is stirred for 10 minutes every 0.5 hours during the enzymolysis process, so that the enzymolysis is uniformly and sufficiently performed.
Preferably, the purification step comprises: sequentially carrying out a centrifugal deslagging step and a membrane separation step.
More preferably, the centrifugal deslag step comprises: and (3) removing residues of the enzyme-inactivated enzymolysis solution through a flat plate type upper discharging clean punching bag centrifuge, and completely separating suspended powder and liquid in the enzymolysis solution.
More preferably, the membrane separation step comprises: the centrifugal deslagging liquid is ultrafiltered by a multifunctional inorganic ceramic membrane separation device.
Preferably, the milling treatment comprises: sequentially carrying out concentration, high-speed tubular separation and high-speed centrifugal spray drying.
In some embodiments of the invention, a double-effect vacuum energy-saving concentration method is employed. The filtrate is concentrated by double-effect vacuum energy-saving concentration equipment, the first-effect vacuum degree and the temperature are respectively controlled to be-0.06 MPa and 60-70 ℃, the second-effect vacuum degree and the temperature are respectively controlled to be-0.08 MPa and 50-60 ℃, the concentration temperature, the vacuum degree and the air supply pressure are comprehensively controlled by taking the content of soluble solids as indexes.
In some embodiments of the invention, a high-speed tube separator is used for separation, and the concentrated solution is subjected to secondary separation by the tube separator at the rotating speed of 16000 r/min.
In some embodiments of the invention, high-speed centrifugal spray drying is adopted, and the concentrated solution which achieves the sterilization effect after being heated to 80 ℃ is subjected to powder spraying drying by a high-speed centrifugal spray drying granulator.
The method also comprises a finished product packaging step.
The invention discloses fructus cannabis oligopeptide powder prepared by the method in a second aspect. The fructus cannabis oligopeptide powder contains polypeptide with the functions of reducing blood pressure and resisting oxidation activity, and has the characteristics of high activity, easiness in absorption and the like. Preferably, the fructus cannabis oligopeptide powder can be used for preparing medicines for improving intestines and stomach, regulating immunity and the like. Can also be used for preparing health food or nutriment.
The third aspect of the invention discloses the application of the method or the fructus cannabis oligopeptide powder in the fields of medicine, chemistry and food.
On the basis of the common general knowledge in the field, the above-mentioned preferred conditions can be combined arbitrarily without departing from the concept and the protection scope of the invention.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following remarkable advantages and effects:
the fructus cannabis is rich in nutrition, has high contents of unsaturated fatty acid, protein, trace elements and the like, is relatively suitable for being absorbed by nutrient substances of a human body, and is one of medicinal and edible plant resources published by the national ministry of health. In addition, the hemp protein is easy to digest, the digestibility of the hemp protein reaches 88-91 percent and is obviously higher than that of soybean protein (71 percent), in addition, in-vitro digestion research shows that polypeptide with the functions of reducing blood pressure and resisting oxidation activity can be generated after the hemp protein is degraded enzymatically, the activity is high, and the polypeptide is easy to absorb.
The method for preparing fructus cannabis oligopeptide powder, disclosed by the invention, does not need to add any chemical reagent, is environment-friendly and harmless, is simple to operate, has low preparation cost, and is suitable for industrial production.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic process flow diagram of the preparation of fructus cannabis oligopeptide powder in the embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the drawings and the embodiments, but the present invention is not limited to the scope of the embodiments.
The experimental methods without specifying specific conditions in the following examples were selected according to the conventional methods and conditions, or according to the commercial instructions. The reagents and starting materials used in the present invention are commercially available.
Example 1
The embodiment discloses a method for preparing fructus cannabis oligopeptide powder, which has a process flow diagram shown in fig. 1 and specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) screening raw materials: high-quality fructus cannabis protein powder with the oil content lower than 1% is selected.
(2) Dynamic extraction: extracting with dynamic micro-pressure extraction tank, adding 10 times of water (based on raw materials weight), heating and pressurizing to 100 deg.C and 0.05MPa, stirring at constant temperature and under high pressure for 3-4 hr, and discharging the extractive solution and suspension powder into soup storage tank. The equipment carries out dynamic low-temperature extraction under the stirring condition, the liquid-solid contact is sufficient, the effective ingredients of the material can be dissolved out fully, and meanwhile, the loss of the effective ingredients caused by the structural damage of the material due to high temperature and high pressure can be avoided.
(3) Enzymolysis: discharging the fructus cannabis extract from a soup storage tank into a hydrolysis tank, cooling to 52-54 ℃, adding trypsin accounting for 0.1-0.2% of the weight of the raw materials for enzymolysis for 2-3h, then adding flavourzyme accounting for 0.1-0.15% of the weight of the raw materials for enzymolysis for 0.5-1h, and stirring for 10 minutes every 0.5 h in the enzymolysis process to ensure that the enzymolysis is uniformly and fully carried out.
(4) Centrifugal deslagging: and (3) removing residues of the enzyme-inactivated and sterilized enzymatic hydrolysate by using a flat plate type upper-discharging clean punching bag centrifuge, and completely separating suspended powder and liquid in the enzymatic hydrolysate. The equipment is suitable for solid-liquid mixtures with the solid-phase particle size of more than 15 microns, is convenient to charge and discharge, discharges separated materials at one time through the hanging bag, has good separation and dehydration effects, enables solid and liquid to be separated to the maximum extent so as to improve the product yield, provides a foundation for improving the membrane separation speed and prolonging the service life of membrane equipment in a membrane separation process, and is particularly suitable for materials with high solid-liquid viscosity and loose tissue structures.
(5) Membrane separation: and (4) carrying out ultrafiltration on the centrifugal deslagging liquid by a multifunctional inorganic ceramic membrane separation device, and filtering the filtrate to a clear liquid storage tank. In the separation process, no additional auxiliary agent is needed, the materials do not change phase, the normal (low) temperature and low pressure operation is realized, the energy consumption is low, the material separation precision is high, the filtrate is clear and transparent, and the method is suitable for separating the substances with high requirements on heat sensitivity, high purity and the like.
(6) Double-effect vacuum energy-saving concentration: the filtrate is concentrated by double-effect vacuum energy-saving concentration equipment, the first-effect vacuum degree and the temperature are respectively controlled to be-0.06 MPa and 70-80 ℃, the second-effect vacuum degree and the temperature are respectively controlled to be-0.08 MPa and 50-60 ℃, the concentration temperature, the vacuum degree and the air supply pressure are comprehensively controlled by taking the content of soluble solid as indexes. The boiling point of the liquid can be reduced under the vacuum condition, the feed liquid can be concentrated at low temperature, the influence of high temperature on the activity of the product is avoided, and the method is suitable for concentrating thermosensitive and small molecular materials. In addition, the concentration process is totally closed without foam generation, the evaporation speed is high, and the concentration ratio is heavy.
(7) High-speed tubular separation: and (3) passing the concentrated solution through a tubular separator, and performing secondary separation at the rotating speed of 16000r/min to ensure that no impurity residue exists in the final product.
(8) High-speed centrifugal spray drying: the concentrated solution which reaches the sterilization effect after being heated to 80 ℃ is subjected to powder spraying drying by a high-speed centrifugal spray drying granulator, the drying is rapid, the efficiency is high, the moisture content is reduced to about 5 percent, and the concentrated solution is sent into a powder collector.
(9) Packaging a finished product: and (5) adopting sealed packaging.
The method for preparing fructus cannabis oligopeptide powder disclosed by the embodiment does not need to add any chemical reagent, is environment-friendly and harmless, is simple to operate, has low preparation cost, and is suitable for industrial production.
The fructus cannabis oligopeptide produced by the embodiment has the advantages of quick absorption, good taste, high utilization rate and the like, and has good solubility, stability and low allergen property. The obtained product is yellow powder with 80 meshes, the proportion of protein hydrolysate with relative molecular mass less than 1000u can reach 95%, and the total nitrogen reaches 15%. The fructus Cannabis oligopeptide powder can be used for preparing medicine for improving intestine and stomach, regulating immunity, etc. Can also be used for preparing health food or nutriment.
The above embodiments are preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and any other changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, and simplifications which do not depart from the spirit and principle of the present invention should be construed as equivalents thereof, and all such changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, and simplifications are intended to be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A preparation method of fructus cannabis oligopeptide powder is characterized by comprising the following steps: screening raw materials, dynamically extracting slurry to obtain an extracting solution, carrying out enzymolysis step by step to obtain an enzymolysis solution, purifying the enzymolysis solution, and then carrying out powder processing to obtain fructus cannabis oligopeptide powder.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the feedstock screening comprises the steps of: screening the raw materials, and finally selecting high-quality fructus cannabis protein powder with the oil content lower than 1%.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the step of dynamically extracting the slurry comprises: extracting with dynamic micro-pressure extraction tank, adding water into the raw materials, heating and pressurizing, and stirring under constant temperature and micro-pressure to obtain extractive solution.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the step-wise enzymatic step comprises: cooling the extracting solution to 52-54 ℃, firstly adding trypsin for enzymolysis, then adding flavourzyme for enzymolysis, and stirring regularly in the enzymolysis process.
5. The method as claimed in claim 4, wherein the temperature of the extract is reduced to 52-54 ℃, trypsin with a weight of 0.1-0.2% of the weight of the raw material is added for enzymolysis for 2-3h, flavourzyme with a weight of 0.1-0.15% of the weight of the raw material is added for enzymolysis for 0.5-1h, and the mixture is stirred regularly during the enzymolysis.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein the purifying step comprises: sequentially carrying out a centrifugal deslagging step and a membrane separation step.
7. The method of claim 6, wherein the centrifugal deslag step comprises: and (3) removing residues of the enzyme-inactivated enzymolysis solution through a flat plate type upper discharging clean punching bag centrifuge, and completely separating suspended powder and liquid in the enzymolysis solution.
8. The method of claim 6, wherein the membrane separation step comprises: the centrifugal deslagging liquid is ultrafiltered by a multifunctional inorganic ceramic membrane separation device.
9. Fructus cannabis oligopeptide powder produced by the method according to any one of claims 1 to 8.
10. Use of the method according to any one of claims 1-8 or of the hemp seed oligopeptide powder according to claim 9 in the medical, chemical and food fields.
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