CN110771632A - Comprehensive aphid prevention and control method in dragon orchard - Google Patents
Comprehensive aphid prevention and control method in dragon orchard Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of pest control, and particularly relates to a comprehensive control method of aphids in a dragon orchard, which comprises physical control, natural enemy control and biological control; the physical control is as follows: hanging a yellow armyworm plate in the orchard for trapping and killing aphid adults within 3-4 months; wherein the yellow pest sticking plate is prepared by coating a pest sticking composite material prepared by mixing a pest sticking glue base material and a pest attractant on two surfaces of a yellow substrate; the insect attractant is prepared from the following raw materials: dragon fruit flower, dragon fruit juice, willow leaf, schizonepeta alcohol, citronella oil, limonene, carboxymethyl cellulose and epoxidized soybean oil. The method adopts a comprehensive means of combining physical control, natural enemy control and biological control to control the aphids, overcomes the defect of singly using a certain control method in the prior art, and realizes the continuous and efficient control effect of the aphids and insect pests in the dragon garden; the damage rate of aphids and pests in the dragon orchard can be reduced by 30%, the commodity fruit rate can be improved to more than 85%, and the income per mu can be increased by more than 400 yuan/year.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of pest control, and particularly relates to a comprehensive control method for aphids in a dragon orchard.
Background
Pitaya, also known as red dragon fruit, green dragon fruit, and immortal honey fruit, belong to the family Cactaceae, the genus Tomata, and are distributed in central to north south America and are widely cultivated around the world. The dragon fruit is a new tropical and subtropical fruit tree, integrates fruits, flowers, vegetables and health care into a whole, and has high economic value. The pitaya fruit contains rich sugar, organic acid, protein, amino acid, vitamin, mineral elements and dietary fiber, has higher food therapy value, has the effects of reducing blood pressure, reducing blood fat, detoxifying, nourishing lung, improving eyesight and beautifying, and also has curative effects on constipation and diabetes; is a novel fruit with beautiful shape, bright color, delicate and refreshing flavor and beneficial to human health.
China introduced dragon fruits from the beginning of 90 s in the 20 th century; in recent years, with the development of high-efficiency and ecological agriculture, the planting scale of the dragon fruits is continuously enlarged, and the pest and disease damage of the dragon fruits tends to be gradually increased. However, since the introduction time of pitaya is short, most researches on variety screening, cultivation technology, storage processing and the like are carried out, and the pitaya is behind other fruits in the aspect of plant protection. The dragon fruit likes a high-temperature and high-humidity growing environment, orchard management measures are not in place, and aphids are most easily caused to bloom in the dragon orchard with weeds. Aphids mainly damage the tender branches and fruits of dragon fruits and affect the appearance and quality of the fruits.
Aphids, called mealworms, greasy insects, etc., are stabbed into the juice of the harmful parts by a needle-shaped piercing-sucking mouthpart, so that the cells of the dragon fruit plants are damaged and the growth is unbalanced. When aphids are harmful, honeydew is discharged, ants can be recruited to eat the aphids, and meanwhile, sooty mould can be caused. At present, chemical pesticides are mainly used for preventing and treating aphids in a dragon orchard, and although the chemical pesticides have good effect on preventing and treating aphids, pesticide residues are easy to cause, and the edible safety of fruits is influenced. For example, the patent with the application number of CN201610128192.3 discloses an organic compound for preventing and treating the aphid disease of the dragon fruit and a composition thereof, which can be prepared into soluble liquid, microemulsion, emulsion in water, suspending agent and other dosage forms; the purpose is to reduce the rate at which disease gain is increased in tolerance to both disease-resistant cultivated crops and pesticides, and to extend the useful life of both disease-resistant cultivated crops and pesticides.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems in the prior art, the invention provides a comprehensive control method for aphids in a dragon orchard, which is realized by the following technical scheme:
a comprehensive control method for aphids in a dragon orchard comprises physical control, natural enemy control and biological control; the physical control is as follows: hanging a yellow armyworm plate in the orchard for trapping and killing aphid adults within 3-4 months; wherein the yellow pest sticking plate is prepared by coating pest sticking composite material prepared by mixing pest sticking glue base material and insect attractant on two surfaces of a yellow substrate.
Preferably, the pest-sticking glue base material is high-molecular-weight polybutylene; the insect sticking composite material is formed by mixing an insect sticking glue base material and an insect attractant according to the mass ratio of 10:1
Preferably, the insect attractant is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 8-12 parts of dragon fruit flower, 3-4 parts of dragon fruit juice, 3-5 parts of willow leaf, 0.5-1 part of schizonepeta alcohol, 0.02-0.04 part of citronella oil, 0.01-0.02 part of limonene, 0.1-0.2 part of carboxymethyl cellulose and 0.5-1 part of epoxidized soybean oil.
Preferably, the preparation method of the insect attractant comprises the following steps: firstly, crushing dragon fruit flowers, adding about 8 times of water for distillation, and extracting dragon fruit flower essential oil; pulverizing folium Salicis Babylonicae, adding about 10 times of 80% ethanol, extracting with ultrasound at 40-50 deg.C for 20min, and recovering ethanol to obtain folium Salicis Babylonicae essential oil; removing pigment from the dragon fruit juice, concentrating at 40-50 deg.C to 1/3, and mixing with dragon fruit flower essential oil and poplar leaf essential oil to obtain mixed solution; mixing the mixed solution with schizonepetal alcohol, citronella oil, limonene, carboxymethyl cellulose and epoxy soybean oil, and adding into a high-speed shearing emulsifying machine to shear at a shearing speed of 10000r/min for 12min to obtain the emulsifying agent.
Preferably, the natural enemy control is as follows: releasing ladybug in the orchard within 4-5 months, and spraying nutrient solution to the branches and tips of the dragon fruit trees before release.
Preferably, the nutrient solution is prepared from 4-6 parts of glucose, 1-2 parts of garlic flower, 2-3 parts of caraway, 2-3 parts of fennel, 6-8 parts of cinnamon powder and 0.5-1 part of alginic acid in parts by weight; the preparation method comprises the following steps: taking cinnamon powder, adding 10 times of water, decocting for 2-3h, cooling, adding glucose, and mixing to obtain a mixed solution; then mixing and crushing garlic flower, caraway and fennel, adding 10 times of 90% ethanol, extracting for 1 hour at 80 ℃, and recovering ethanol to obtain essential oil; and mixing the essential oil, the mixed solution and alginic acid uniformly.
Preferably, the biological control is: spraying biological agent for preventing and treating in the full incubation period of ova.
Preferably, the biological agent is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 8-10 parts of rotenone, 10-15 parts of oleander leaves, 8-10 parts of celastrus angulatus, 5-8 parts of rhododendron simsii, 5-8 parts of nux vomica, 8-10 parts of gingko testa, 5-8 parts of celastrus angulatus, 3-5 parts of tea polyphenol, 3-5 parts of citronella oil and 3-5 parts of konjac powder.
Preferably, the preparation method of the biological agent comprises the following steps:
a. mixing rotenone, folium Nerii, caulis Celastri angulati, herba Rhododendri Simsii, semen Strychni, semen Ginkgo testa, and caulis Celastri angulati, pulverizing into powder, and spraying glucose solution to the powder for moistening;
b. inoculating beauveria bassiana with the mass of 2-3% of the wet crushed material, culturing at 25 ℃ for 2 weeks, adding 1 time of water, stirring, rolling uniformly, and filtering to obtain filtrate A and filter residue A;
c. adding 10 times of 70% ethanol into the residue A, extracting under reflux in 80 deg.C water bath for 1.5 hr, filtering, recovering ethanol from the filtrate, and cooling to obtain extractive solution A;
d. and uniformly stirring the extracting solution A, the filtrate A, the tea polyphenol, the citronella oil and the konjac powder to obtain the biological preparation.
The biological agent is diluted by 800-1000 times and then sprayed on the dragon fruit branches; the concentration of the glucose solution is 20-30 wt%.
The invention researches the trapping effect of the yellow armyworm plates prepared from different insect attractants on aphid adults: fixing the amount of carboxymethyl cellulose and epoxidized soybean oil in the attractant, adding different combinations of dragon fruit extract (dragon flower essential oil and concentrated dragon fruit juice), salix leaf extract, schizonepetal and ladybug repellent (citronella oil and limonene) to prepare different attractants, and then adding each combination into carboxymethyl cellulose and epoxidized soybean oil to prepare the attractant, wherein the adding amount of each combination is the same; and preparing the insect attractant into yellow sticky trap plates, hanging the yellow sticky trap plates in the dragon orchard during the adult aphid period, wherein the distance between the yellow sticky trap plates is 50m, and releasing the ladybug into the dragon orchard. Taking yellow armyworm plates without the attractant as a control group, hanging 10 yellow armyworm plates for each type, and counting the number of aphids and ladybug caught after the yellow armyworm plates are hung for 15d and 30d respectively.
Number of the cells. The statistical results are shown in table 1:
TABLE 1
As can be seen from the table, the yellow armyworm plate prepared by the attractant which is composed of the dragon fruit extract, the salix integra leaf extract, the schizonepetal and the ladybug repellent has stronger effect of trapping aphids; but also can effectively avoid the natural enemy ladybug of aphids from being trapped.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. utilizing a yellow pest sticking plate made of a specific pest sticking composite material and a pest sticking glue base material to trap and kill adults; compared with the pitaya tree, the pitaya flower essential oil and the pitaya juice concentrate in the pest sticking composite material can emit stronger fragrance and sweet taste to attract adults, and the tendency of the adults to yellow pest sticking plates is increased; the willow leaf extract and the schizonepeta alcohol can also emit odor and pheromone which attract aphids; further increasing the tropism of aphids to the yellow armyworm plate; citronella oil and limonene have an enhanced repellent effect on ladybug, and yellow armyworm plates are prevented from trapping ladybug.
2. Before releasing natural enemies of aphids, spraying nutrient solution to branches and tips of pitaya trees. The saccharides in the nutrient solution can enhance the smell released by the aphid honeydew, so that the ladybug can be concentrated to the dense aphid, and the disinsection effect is improved; the garlic flower, the caraway and the fennel can emit strong fragrance to attract ladybug, and further increase the tropism of aphids to the branches and tips of the dragon fruit trees; the smell emitted by the cinnamon substance can repel the pests such as ants and the like attracted by the aphid honeydew.
3. When the aphids are serious, biological preparations are adopted for preventing and treating, and the biological preparations have strong effects of contact poisoning, poison killing, stomach toxicity, avoidance and the like on the aphids; according to experimental research, the biological agent can reach a death rate of more than 98% in 20 hours at room temperature when used for treating the dragon fruit aphids, and can quickly control the outbreak of the dragon fruit aphids; and the tea polyphenol and the konjac powder added in the biological preparation have good oxidation resistance and film forming effects, and the drug effect of the biological preparation can be effectively prolonged.
The method adopts a comprehensive means of combining physical control, natural enemy control and biological control to control the aphids, overcomes the defect of singly using a certain control method in the prior art, and realizes the continuous and efficient control effect of the aphids in the dragon garden; the damage rate of aphids in the dragon orchard can be reduced by about 30%, the commodity fruit rate can be improved to more than 85%, and the income per mu can be increased by more than 400 yuan each year.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention is further defined below with reference to the specific embodiments, but the scope of the claims is not limited to the description.
Embodiment 1 comprehensive control method for aphids in dragon orchard
The implementation place is as follows: guanling dragon fruit planting test base in Anshun city, Guizhou province
The specific process comprises the following steps:
selecting about 1 mu of dragon orchard, taking one half of the dragon orchard as an experimental group, and taking the other half of the dragon orchard as a control group. The control group was not treated at all. Aphid control in the experimental groups:
(1) physical control: hanging a yellow armyworm plate in the orchard for trapping and killing aphid adults within 3-4 months; wherein the yellow pest sticking plate is prepared by coating a pest sticking composite material prepared by mixing a pest sticking glue base material and a pest attractant on two surfaces of a yellow substrate;
(2) and (3) natural enemy control: releasing ladybug in the orchard within 4-5 months, and spraying nutrient solution to the branches and tips of the dragon fruit trees before release;
(3) biological control: spraying 800 times of biological agent liquid for preventing and treating in the full incubation period of ova.
The pest-sticking glue base material is high-molecular-weight polybutylene; the insect sticking composite material is formed by mixing an insect sticking glue base material and an insect attractant according to the mass ratio of 10:1
The insect attractant is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 8kg of dragon fruit flower, 3kg of dragon fruit juice, 3kg of willow leaf, 0.5kg of schizonepetal, 0.02kg of citronella oil, 0.01kg of limonene, 0.1kg of carboxymethyl cellulose and 0.5kg of epoxidized soybean oil.
The preparation method of the insect attractant comprises the following steps: firstly, crushing dragon fruit flowers, adding about 8 times of water for distillation, and extracting dragon fruit flower essential oil; pulverizing folium Salicis Babylonicae, adding about 10 times of 80% ethanol, extracting with ultrasound at 40-50 deg.C for 20min, and recovering ethanol to obtain folium Salicis Babylonicae essential oil; removing pigment from the dragon fruit juice, concentrating at 40-50 deg.C to 1/3, and mixing with dragon fruit flower essential oil and poplar leaf essential oil to obtain mixed solution; mixing the mixed solution with schizonepetal alcohol, citronella oil, limonene, carboxymethyl cellulose and epoxy soybean oil, and adding into a high-speed shearing emulsifying machine to shear at a shearing speed of 10000r/min for 12min to obtain the emulsifying agent.
The nutrient solution is prepared from 4kg of glucose, 1kg of garlic flower, 2kg of caraway, 2-3 parts of fennel, 6kg of cinnamon powder and 0.5kg of alginic acid in parts by weight; the preparation method comprises the following steps: taking cinnamon powder, adding 10 times of water, decocting for 2h, cooling, adding glucose, and mixing to obtain a mixed solution; then mixing and crushing garlic flower, caraway and fennel, adding 10 times of 90% ethanol, extracting for 1 hour at 80 ℃, and recovering ethanol to obtain essential oil; and mixing the essential oil, the mixed solution and alginic acid uniformly.
The biological agent is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 8kg of rotenone, 10kg of oleander leaves, 8kg of celastrus angulatus, 5kg of rhododendron, 5kg of nux vomica, 8kg of ginkgo episperm, 5kg of celastrus angulatus, 3kg of tea polyphenol, 3kg of citronella oil and 3kg of konjac powder.
The preparation method of the biological agent comprises the following steps:
a. mixing rotenone, folium Nerii, caulis Celastri angulati, herba Rhododendri Simsii, semen Strychni, semen Ginkgo testa and caulis Celastri angulati, pulverizing into powder, and spraying 20 wt% glucose solution into the powder for moistening;
b. inoculating beauveria bassiana with the mass of 2-3% of the wet crushed material, culturing at 25 ℃ for 2 weeks, adding 1 time of water, stirring, rolling uniformly, and filtering to obtain filtrate A and filter residue A;
c. adding 10 times of 70% ethanol into the residue A, extracting under reflux in 80 deg.C water bath for 1.5 hr, filtering, recovering ethanol from the filtrate, and cooling to obtain extractive solution A;
d. and uniformly stirring the extracting solution A, the filtrate A, the tea polyphenol, the citronella oil and the konjac powder to obtain the biological preparation.
The implementation results are as follows: the aphid damage rate of the dragon fruit trees in the experimental group is 4.2 percent, and the commercial fruit rate is 87 percent; the aphid damage rate of the dragon fruit trees in the control group is 35.1 percent, and the commercial fruit rate is 74 percent. Compared with a control group, the aphid hazard rate of the experimental group is reduced by 30.9 percent, the commercial fruit rate is increased by 13 percent, and the income per mu is increased by 452 yuan/year.
Embodiment 2 comprehensive control method for aphids in dragon orchard
The implementation place is as follows: guanling dragon fruit planting test base in Anshun city, Guizhou province
The specific process comprises the following steps:
selecting about 1 mu of dragon orchard, taking one half of the dragon orchard as an experimental group, and taking the other half of the dragon orchard as a control group. The control group was not treated at all. Aphid control in the experimental groups:
(1) physical control: hanging a yellow armyworm plate in the orchard for trapping and killing aphid adults within 3-4 months; wherein the yellow pest sticking plate is prepared by coating a pest sticking composite material prepared by mixing a pest sticking glue base material and a pest attractant on two surfaces of a yellow substrate;
(2) and (3) natural enemy control: releasing ladybug in the orchard within 4-5 months, and spraying nutrient solution to the branches and tips of the dragon fruit trees before release;
(3) biological control: spraying 800 times of biological agent liquid for preventing and treating in the full incubation period of ova.
The pest-sticking glue base material is high-molecular-weight polybutylene; the insect sticking composite material is formed by mixing an insect sticking glue base material and an insect attractant according to the mass ratio of 10:1
The insect attractant is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 10kg of dragon fruit flower, 3kg of dragon fruit juice, 4kg of willow leaf, 0.6kg of schizonepetal, 0.03kg of citronella oil, 0.012kg of limonene, 0.15kg of carboxymethyl cellulose and 0.67kg of epoxidized soybean oil.
The preparation method of the insect attractant comprises the following steps: firstly, crushing dragon fruit flowers, adding about 8 times of water for distillation, and extracting dragon fruit flower essential oil; pulverizing folium Salicis Babylonicae, adding about 10 times of 80% ethanol, extracting with ultrasound at 40-50 deg.C for 20min, and recovering ethanol to obtain folium Salicis Babylonicae essential oil; removing pigment from the dragon fruit juice, concentrating at 40-50 deg.C to 1/3, and mixing with dragon fruit flower essential oil and poplar leaf essential oil to obtain mixed solution; mixing the mixed solution with schizonepetal alcohol, citronella oil, limonene, carboxymethyl cellulose and epoxy soybean oil, and adding into a high-speed shearing emulsifying machine to shear at a shearing speed of 10000r/min for 12min to obtain the emulsifying agent.
The nutrient solution is prepared from 5kg of glucose, 1.5kg of garlic flower, 2.4kg of caraway, 2.5kg of fennel, 7kg of cinnamon powder and 0.6kg of alginic acid in parts by weight; the preparation method comprises the following steps: taking cinnamon powder, adding 10 times of water, decocting for 2h, cooling, adding glucose, and mixing to obtain a mixed solution; then mixing and crushing garlic flower, caraway and fennel, adding 10 times of 90% ethanol, extracting for 1 hour at 80 ℃, and recovering ethanol to obtain essential oil; and mixing the essential oil, the mixed solution and alginic acid uniformly.
The biological agent is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 8.5kg rotenone, 12kg oleander leaves, 9kg celastrus angulatus, 6kg yellow azalea, 7kg nux vomica, 8kg ginkgo episperm, 5kg celastrus angulatus, 4kg tea polyphenol, 4kg citronella oil and 4kg konjac powder.
The preparation method of the biological agent comprises the following steps:
a. mixing rotenone, folium Nerii, caulis Celastri angulati, herba Rhododendri Simsii, semen Strychni, semen Ginkgo testa and caulis Celastri angulati, pulverizing into powder, and spraying 30 wt% glucose solution into the powder for moistening;
b. inoculating beauveria bassiana with the mass of 3% of the moistened crushed material, culturing for 2 weeks at 25 ℃, adding 1 time of water, stirring and rolling uniformly, and filtering to obtain filtrate A and filter residue A;
c. adding 10 times of 70% ethanol into the residue A, extracting under reflux in 80 deg.C water bath for 1.5 hr, filtering, recovering ethanol from the filtrate, and cooling to obtain extractive solution A;
d. and uniformly stirring the extracting solution A, the filtrate A, the tea polyphenol, the citronella oil and the konjac powder to obtain the biological preparation.
The implementation results are as follows: the aphid damage rate of the dragon fruit trees in the experimental group is 3.7 percent, and the commercial fruit rate is 92 percent; the aphid damage rate of the dragon fruit trees in the control group is 34.2 percent, and the commercial fruit rate is 80 percent. Compared with a control group, the aphid hazard rate of the experimental group is reduced by 30.5%, the commercial fruit rate is increased by 12%, and the income per mu is increased by 436 yuan/year.
Embodiment 3 comprehensive control method for aphids in dragon orchard
The implementation place is as follows: guanling dragon fruit planting test base in Anshun city, Guizhou province
The specific process comprises the following steps:
selecting about 2 mu of dragon orchards, wherein one half of the dragon orchards are used as an experimental group, and the other half of the dragon orchards are used as a control group. The control group was not treated at all. Aphid control in the experimental groups:
(1) physical control: hanging a yellow armyworm plate in the orchard for trapping and killing aphid adults within 3-4 months; wherein the yellow pest sticking plate is prepared by coating a pest sticking composite material prepared by mixing a pest sticking glue base material and a pest attractant on two surfaces of a yellow substrate;
(2) and (3) natural enemy control: releasing ladybug in the orchard within 4-5 months, and spraying nutrient solution to the branches and tips of the dragon fruit trees before release;
(3) biological control: spraying 1000 times of biological agent solution for preventing and treating in the full incubation period of ova.
The pest-sticking glue base material is high-molecular-weight polybutylene; the insect sticking composite material is formed by mixing an insect sticking glue base material and an insect attractant according to the mass ratio of 10:1
The insect attractant is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 12kg of dragon fruit flower, 4kg of dragon fruit juice, 5kg of willow leaf, 1kg of schizonepeta alcohol, 0.04kg of citronella oil, 0.02kg of limonene, 0.2kg of carboxymethyl cellulose and 1kg of epoxidized soybean oil.
The preparation method of the insect attractant comprises the following steps: firstly, crushing dragon fruit flowers, adding about 8 times of water for distillation, and extracting dragon fruit flower essential oil; pulverizing folium Salicis Babylonicae, adding about 10 times of 80% ethanol, extracting with ultrasound at 40-50 deg.C for 20min, and recovering ethanol to obtain folium Salicis Babylonicae essential oil; removing pigment from the dragon fruit juice, concentrating at 40-50 deg.C to 1/3, and mixing with dragon fruit flower essential oil and poplar leaf essential oil to obtain mixed solution; mixing the mixed solution with schizonepetal alcohol, citronella oil, limonene, carboxymethyl cellulose and epoxy soybean oil, and adding into a high-speed shearing emulsifying machine to shear at a shearing speed of 10000r/min for 12min to obtain the emulsifying agent.
The nutrient solution is prepared from 6kg of glucose, 2kg of garlic flower, 3kg of caraway, 3kg of fennel, 8kg of cinnamon powder and 1kg of alginic acid in parts by weight; the preparation method comprises the following steps: taking cinnamon powder, adding 10 times of water, decocting for 2-3h, cooling, adding glucose, and mixing to obtain a mixed solution; then mixing and crushing garlic flower, caraway and fennel, adding 10 times of 90% ethanol, extracting for 1 hour at 80 ℃, and recovering ethanol to obtain essential oil; and mixing the essential oil, the mixed solution and alginic acid uniformly.
The biological agent is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 10kg rotenone, 15kg oleander leaves, 10kg celastrus angulatus, 8kg yellow rhododendron, 8kg nux vomica, 10kg ginkgo exocarp, 8kg celastrus angulatus, 5kg tea polyphenol, 5kg citronella oil and 5kg konjac powder.
The preparation method of the biological agent comprises the following steps:
a. mixing rotenone, folium Nerii, caulis Celastri angulati, herba Rhododendri Simsii, semen Strychni, semen Ginkgo testa and caulis Celastri angulati, pulverizing into powder, and spraying 20 wt% glucose solution into the powder for moistening;
b. inoculating beauveria bassiana with the mass of 2-3% of the wet crushed material, culturing at 25 ℃ for 2 weeks, adding 1 time of water, stirring, rolling uniformly, and filtering to obtain filtrate A and filter residue A;
c. adding 10 times of 70% ethanol into the residue A, extracting under reflux in 80 deg.C water bath for 1.5 hr, filtering, recovering ethanol from the filtrate, and cooling to obtain extractive solution A;
d. and uniformly stirring the extracting solution A, the filtrate A, the tea polyphenol, the citronella oil and the konjac powder to obtain the biological preparation.
The implementation results are as follows: the aphid damage rate of the dragon fruit trees in the experimental group is 4.1 percent, and the commercial fruit rate is 89 percent; the aphid damage rate of the dragon fruit trees in the control group is 34.2 percent, and the commercial fruit rate is 83 percent. Compared with a control group, the aphid hazard rate of the experimental group is reduced by 30.1 percent, the commercial fruit rate is increased by 6 percent, and the income per mu is increased by 413 yuan/year.
It should be noted that the above examples and test examples are only for further illustration and understanding of the technical solutions of the present invention, and are not to be construed as further limitations of the technical solutions of the present invention, and the invention which does not highlight essential features and significant advances made by those skilled in the art still belongs to the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A comprehensive control method for aphids in a dragon orchard comprises physical control, natural enemy control and biological control; the method is characterized in that the physical prevention and control is as follows: hanging a yellow armyworm plate in the orchard for trapping and killing aphid adults within 3-4 months; wherein the yellow pest sticking plate is prepared by coating pest sticking composite material prepared by mixing pest sticking glue base material and insect attractant on two surfaces of a yellow substrate.
2. A method of integrated control of aphids on a dragon park as claimed in claim 1, wherein said shellac base is high molecular weight polybutylene; the insect sticking composite material is formed by mixing an insect sticking glue base material and an insect attractant according to the mass ratio of 10: 1.
3. A method for comprehensively controlling aphids in a dragon garden as claimed in claim 1, wherein the attractant is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 8-12 parts of dragon fruit flower, 3-4 parts of dragon fruit juice, 3-5 parts of willow leaf, 0.5-1 part of schizonepeta alcohol, 0.02-0.04 part of citronella oil, 0.01-0.02 part of limonene, 0.1-0.2 part of carboxymethyl cellulose and 0.5-1 part of epoxidized soybean oil.
4. A method for comprehensively controlling aphids in a dragon park as claimed in claim 3, wherein the preparation method of the attractant comprises the following steps: firstly, crushing dragon fruit flowers, adding about 8 times of water for distillation, and extracting dragon fruit flower essential oil; pulverizing folium Salicis Babylonicae, adding about 10 times of 80% ethanol, extracting with ultrasound at 40-50 deg.C for 20min, and recovering ethanol to obtain folium Salicis Babylonicae essential oil; removing pigment from the dragon fruit juice, concentrating at 40-50 deg.C to 1/3, and mixing with dragon fruit flower essential oil and poplar leaf essential oil to obtain mixed solution; mixing the mixed solution with schizonepetal alcohol, citronella oil, limonene, carboxymethyl cellulose and epoxy soybean oil, and adding into a high-speed shearing emulsifying machine to shear at a shearing speed of 10000r/min for 12min to obtain the emulsifying agent.
5. A method of integrated control of aphids on a dragon park as claimed in claim 1, wherein the natural enemies control: releasing ladybug in the orchard within 4-5 months, and spraying nutrient solution to the branches and tips of the dragon fruit trees before release.
6. An aphid comprehensive control method in a dragon garden as claimed in claim 5, wherein said nutrient solution is made of, by weight, 4-6 parts of glucose, 1-2 parts of garlic flower, 2-3 parts of caraway, 2-3 parts of fennel, 6-8 parts of cinnamon powder, 0.5-1 part of alginic acid; the preparation method comprises the following steps: taking cinnamon powder, adding 10 times of water, decocting for 2-3h, cooling, adding glucose, and mixing to obtain a mixed solution; then mixing and crushing garlic flower, caraway and fennel, adding 10 times of 90% ethanol, extracting for 1 hour at 80 ℃, and recovering ethanol to obtain essential oil; and mixing the essential oil, the mixed solution and alginic acid uniformly.
7. A method of integrated control of aphids on a dragon park as claimed in claim 1, wherein said biological control is: spraying biological agent for preventing and treating in the full incubation period of ova.
8. A method for comprehensively controlling aphids inside a dragon garden as claimed in claim 7, wherein the biological agent is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 8-10 parts of rotenone, 10-15 parts of oleander leaves, 8-10 parts of celastrus angulatus, 5-8 parts of rhododendron simsii, 5-8 parts of nux vomica, 8-10 parts of gingko testa, 5-8 parts of celastrus angulatus, 3-5 parts of tea polyphenol, 3-5 parts of citronella oil and 3-5 parts of konjac powder.
9. The method for the integrated control of aphids inside dragon fruits according to claim 7, wherein the preparation method of the biological agent comprises the following steps:
a. mixing rotenone, folium Nerii, caulis Celastri angulati, herba Rhododendri Simsii, semen Strychni, semen Ginkgo testa, and caulis Celastri angulati, pulverizing into powder, and spraying glucose solution to the powder for moistening;
b. inoculating beauveria bassiana with the mass of 2-3% of the wet crushed material, culturing at 25 ℃ for 2 weeks, adding 1 time of water, stirring, rolling uniformly, and filtering to obtain filtrate A and filter residue A;
c. adding 10 times of 70% ethanol into the residue A, extracting under reflux in 80 deg.C water bath for 1.5 hr, filtering, recovering ethanol from the filtrate, and cooling to obtain extractive solution A;
d. and uniformly stirring the extracting solution A, the filtrate A, the tea polyphenol, the citronella oil and the konjac powder to obtain the biological preparation.
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| CN112674087A (en) * | 2021-01-06 | 2021-04-20 | 柳州市惠农化工有限公司 | Insect-attracting composition, preparation method and application thereof |
| CN113068548A (en) * | 2021-03-30 | 2021-07-06 | 重庆市农业科学院 | Method for preventing and controlling sucking pests by using ants carrying beauveria bassiana |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN112674087A (en) * | 2021-01-06 | 2021-04-20 | 柳州市惠农化工有限公司 | Insect-attracting composition, preparation method and application thereof |
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