CN110763011A - Double-flame heating and smoke exhaust adjustable trolley type heating furnace and heating temperature control method - Google Patents
Double-flame heating and smoke exhaust adjustable trolley type heating furnace and heating temperature control method Download PDFInfo
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
- F27B9/00—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity
- F27B9/14—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity characterised by the path of the charge during treatment; characterised by the means by which the charge is moved during treatment
- F27B9/20—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity characterised by the path of the charge during treatment; characterised by the means by which the charge is moved during treatment the charge moving in a substantially straight path tunnel furnace
- F27B9/26—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity characterised by the path of the charge during treatment; characterised by the means by which the charge is moved during treatment the charge moving in a substantially straight path tunnel furnace on or in trucks, sleds, or containers
- F27B9/262—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity characterised by the path of the charge during treatment; characterised by the means by which the charge is moved during treatment the charge moving in a substantially straight path tunnel furnace on or in trucks, sleds, or containers on or in trucks
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
- F27B9/00—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity
- F27B9/30—Details, accessories, or equipment peculiar to furnaces of these types
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
- F27B9/00—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity
- F27B9/30—Details, accessories, or equipment peculiar to furnaces of these types
- F27B9/3044—Furnace regenerators
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
- F27B9/00—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity
- F27B9/30—Details, accessories, or equipment peculiar to furnaces of these types
- F27B9/36—Arrangements of heating devices
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
- F27B9/00—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity
- F27B9/30—Details, accessories, or equipment peculiar to furnaces of these types
- F27B9/40—Arrangements of controlling or monitoring devices
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D17/00—Arrangements for using waste heat; Arrangements for using, or disposing of, waste gases
- F27D17/001—Extraction of waste gases, collection of fumes and hoods used therefor
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D17/00—Arrangements for using waste heat; Arrangements for using, or disposing of, waste gases
- F27D17/004—Systems for reclaiming waste heat
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D3/00—Charging; Discharging; Manipulation of charge
- F27D3/12—Travelling or movable supports or containers for the charge
- F27D3/123—Furnace cars
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D99/00—Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass
- F27D99/0073—Seals
- F27D99/0076—Furnace car seals, i.e. seals used in continuous furnaces or kilns for preventing gas or heat exchange between heating chamber and the area comprising driving means
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
- F27B9/00—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity
- F27B9/30—Details, accessories, or equipment peculiar to furnaces of these types
- F27B2009/305—Particular conformation of the furnace
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
- F27B9/00—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity
- F27B9/30—Details, accessories, or equipment peculiar to furnaces of these types
- F27B9/36—Arrangements of heating devices
- F27B2009/3638—Heaters located above and under the track
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Tunnel Furnaces (AREA)
- Furnace Details (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a car-type heating furnace with double flames for heating and smoke discharge and an adjustable heating temperature control method, wherein a furnace body of the car-type heating furnace is of a full-sealing structure, and is divided into an upper heating zone and a lower heating zone; the burner consists of a plurality of pulse burners arranged in an upper heating zone and a plurality of flame-adjusting burners arranged in a lower heating zone, and the upper heating zone and the lower heating zone are respectively provided with a plurality of temperature detection devices; the trolley is provided with a plurality of rows of refractory blocks for bearing the heated workpiece, and the flame adjusting burners are arranged on the lower furnace wall between the corresponding 2 rows of refractory blocks. The invention adopts the double-flame heating of the flame-adjusting burner and the pulse burner, the overlapping heating of the upper part and the lower part and the partition control mode, the exhaust area at the two sides of the hearth can be adjusted, the temperature uniformity of workpiece heating is improved while energy is saved and emission is reduced, the heating process requirement of high-end fine steel is met, and the performance requirement of uniform thermal diffusion of composite metal elements when composite billets are heated is realized.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of heating furnaces, in particular to a double-flame heating and smoke exhaust adjustable trolley type heating furnace and a heating temperature control method, wherein the double-flame heating and smoke exhaust adjustable trolley type heating furnace is suitable for heating workpieces such as thick plate blanks, composite plate blanks and flat steel ingots before rolling.
Background
At present, the domestic steel industry is transforming and upgrading from a crude steel product to a high-end steel product and a fine steel product, and the high-end steel product which depends on import in the early stage is gradually domesticated through technical innovation, such as large-scale hydropower products, nuclear facility matching products, aerospace technology products, high-end composite board products for building bridges, drilling platforms and the like. The products are characterized by special production process, composite material, overlarge size, super-thick shape, special shape and the like, so the products are usually rolled or forged after being heated by a trolley type heating furnace, and then the rolled products are subjected to heat treatment and machining.
The heating process and the automation control level of the traditional trolley type heating furnace are lagged behind, which causes large temperature difference, poor operating environment, high energy consumption, low yield, poor product quality and poor environmental protection, and mainly shows the following aspects:
1) the furnace temperature is not uniform, and the heated workpiece has waste products or product defects due to large temperature difference;
2) the heating process is lagged behind; the flame organization is unreasonable, and the exhaust flow field is uneven, so that the energy consumption is high and the yield is low;
3) the cushion block for supporting the heated workpiece adopts a metal cushion block, the heat absorption performance of the metal cushion block is good, so that the heat loss is large, the metal cushion block can be burned and oxidized layer by layer at high temperature, the service life is short, and the generated iron sheet and waste residue cause industrial pollution;
4) the furnace body has poor sealing performance, so that the heated workpiece has large oxidation burning loss, large furnace pressure fluctuation and poor operation environment;
5) the control logic is backward and the automation degree is low.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a double-flame heating and smoke exhaust adjustable trolley type heating furnace and a heating temperature control method, wherein double-flame heating of a flame adjusting burner and a pulse burner is adopted, the upper part heating and the lower part heating are overlapped for heat supply and are controlled in a partition mode, the smoke exhaust area at the two sides of a hearth is adjustable, the temperature uniformity of workpiece heating is improved while energy is saved and emission is reduced, the heating process requirement of high-end fine steel is met, and the performance requirement of uniform heat diffusion of composite metal elements during heating of composite steel billets is met.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a car-type heating furnace with double flames for heating and smoke exhaust adjustment comprises a furnace body, a car, a burner, an air supply system, a gas system, a smoke exhaust system and an automatic control system; the furnace body is of a full-sealing structure and is divided into an upper heating zone and a lower heating zone; the burner consists of a plurality of pulse burners arranged in an upper heating zone and a plurality of flame-adjusting burners arranged in a lower heating zone, the upper heating zone and the lower heating zone are respectively provided with a plurality of temperature detection devices, and the temperature detection devices, the control units of the flame-adjusting burners and the control units of the pulse burners are respectively connected with an automatic control system; the trolley is provided with a plurality of rows of refractory cushion blocks for bearing a heated workpiece, each row is composed of a plurality of refractory cushion blocks, the refractory cushion blocks are longitudinally arranged in parallel along the furnace body, and the flame adjusting burners are arranged on the lower furnace wall between the corresponding 2 rows of refractory cushion blocks.
The furnace body is the box furnace body that is formed by the whole ramming of plastic material, and the fire door is the frame construction that is formed by the whole pouring of high performance pouring material, and furnace body and fire door use labyrinth shape to rise the seam and link up as an organic wholely, peripheral hardware thermal insulation fiber material layer and steel skeleton.
The main body of the trolley is a double-layer steel structure frame, the working table surface of the trolley is a composite structure of a heat-resistant alloy frame, a precast block and refractory bricks, the heat-resistant alloy frame is arranged on the periphery of the working table surface, the refractory precast block is embedded in the heat-resistant alloy frame, the refractory bricks are built in the middle of the working table surface, and a reserved groove for embedding a refractory cushion block is formed in the working table surface; the bottom of the working table surface is provided with a fiber machine plate heat insulation layer; the trolley is driven by a trolley traction mechanism driven by the pin teeth, and is subjected to double limiting by the proximity switch and the mechanical limiting device.
The flame adjusting burners are arranged on the lower furnace walls on the two sides of the furnace body, and the pulse burners are arranged on the upper furnace walls on the two sides of the furnace body; the flame adjusting burner and the pulse burner have automatic ignition and flame monitoring functions; the flame adjusting burner and the pulse burner are respectively connected with a medium pipeline through expansion joints, and a manual valve, an electric valve and a flowmeter are arranged on the medium pipeline.
The refractory cushion block is formed by integrally casting and molding a high-performance refractory material and firing the high-performance refractory material at a high temperature of more than 1300 ℃.
The full-sealing structure comprises a first sealing structure between the trolley and the furnace body and a second sealing structure between the furnace opening and the furnace door; the first sealing structure comprises a two-side locking type sealing structure formed by double curved surface primary sealing between the side surface of the trolley and the furnace wall and secondary sealing between the edge turning cutter and the sand seal groove, and an adjustable sealing structure formed by fiber soft sealing between the tail of the trolley and the rear wall of the furnace body; and the second sealing structure comprises a combined sealing structure formed by self-help compaction sealing of the furnace door and the furnace opening and soft sealing of skirt fiber.
The temperature detection device comprises a plurality of thermocouples arranged on the furnace top and a plurality of thermocouples arranged on the furnace wall, wherein the thermocouples arranged on the furnace top and the thermocouples arranged on the furnace wall are respectively arranged in a plurality along the longitudinal direction of the furnace body.
The automatic control system is a PLC control system.
A plurality of smoke outlets are uniformly distributed on two sides of a hearth of the furnace body, and the smoke discharge area of the smoke outlets can be adjusted; a flue gate is arranged on a flue of the furnace body; the smoke exhaust system is provided with a heat exchanger for recovering the waste heat of the smoke.
A heating temperature control method of a car-type heating furnace with double flame heating and smoke exhaust adjustable is characterized in that temperature measurement values detected at multiple points of a furnace wall and a furnace top are taken as control targets, an automatic control system is used for carrying out closed-loop temperature control and regional control, the fuel supply quantity and the air-fuel ratio are automatically adjusted by using a ratio infinite approach rule, dynamic adjustment of thermal load is realized, the timely temperature of each temperature measurement point in the furnace body approaches to a set target temperature value, and the set target temperature value is a temperature system curve of a heated workpiece.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the adjustable flame and the pulse flame are adopted for double-flame coating heating and staggered heat supply, so that the stable furnace pressure of the trolley type heating furnace is ensured, the temperature field in the furnace is uniform, the uniform temperature heating effect of heated workpieces such as flat steel ingots, composite blanks and the like with the temperature difference within +/-5 ℃ at any point can be realized, and the heating quality and performance of rolled products are ensured;
(2) the refractory cushion block is adopted, so that the high-temperature strength is high, and the heat transfer effect is good; no iron scale is generated, and industrial pollution is eliminated; the refractory material cushion block has a heat storage effect, so that the initial enthalpy of the steel billet fed into the furnace can be improved, the heat storage and the reutilization can be effectively realized, the total heat loss is small, and the energy-saving effect is good;
(3) the lower heating zone adopts adjustable flame to perform regional temperature control, the upper heating zone adopts pulse flame to perform regional self-service heat compensation, and each burner can be automatically started and stopped, so that dynamic heat load adjustment is realized; the fuel and air automatic regulation and control supply mode which is infinitely close to the target value and is controlled by adopting temperature closed-loop control realizes the intelligent temperature control and self-learning optimization of the whole process; energy conservation, emission reduction and environmental protection.
(4) A plurality of lower exhaust flues are uniformly distributed on two sides of the hearth, the smoke exhaust area is adjustable, and the furnace pressure is controllable and stable; the smoke discharge is not deflected; the furnace temperature is balanced and uniform; the flue gas waste heat is recycled and then used for preheating combustion air, so that the energy is saved and the efficiency is high.
(5) Adopt the whole fashioned box furnace body of ramming of plastic material, the fire door is the integral frame construction of pouring of high performance pouring material, and the furnace body is as an organic whole with the fire door with labyrinth shape joint that rises, and external application thermal insulation fiber material, structural strength is high, longe-lived, and sealing performance is good.
(6) The furnace body adopts a full-sealing structure, and has reliable sealing performance and good sealing performance.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a car-type heating furnace with double-flame heating and adjustable smoke discharge according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a front sectional view of the car-type heating furnace with double flames for heating and adjustable smoke discharge.
Fig. 3 is a top view of fig. 2.
Fig. 4 is a cross-sectional view of fig. 2.
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a heating temperature control method of a car-type heating furnace with double-flame heating and adjustable smoke discharge according to the present invention.
In the figure: 1. furnace body 2, trolley 3, refractory cushion block 4, flame adjusting burner 5, pulse burner 6, furnace mouth 7, air supply system 8, gas system 9, smoke exhaust system 10, smoke exhaust port 11, flue 12, heat exchanger 13, smoke gate 14, chimney 15, automatic control system 16, heated workpiece 17, trolley traction mechanism 18, proximity switch 19, mechanical limiting device 20, anchoring brick 21, hyperboloid primary seal 22, secondary seal 23 of vehicle edge cutter and sand seal tank, furnace door 24, thermocouple 25 arranged on furnace wall, thermocouple 25 arranged on furnace top
Detailed Description
The following further describes embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings:
as shown in fig. 1-4, the car-type heating furnace with double flame heating and smoke discharging functions of the present invention comprises a furnace body 1, a car 2, a burner, an air supply system 7, a gas system 8, a smoke discharging system 9 and an automatic control system 15; the furnace body 1 is of a full-sealing structure, and the furnace body 1 is internally divided into an upper heating zone and a lower heating zone; the burner consists of a plurality of pulse burners 5 arranged in an upper heating zone and a plurality of flame-adjusting burners 4 arranged in a lower heating zone, the upper heating zone and the lower heating zone are respectively provided with a plurality of temperature detection devices, and the temperature detection devices, a control unit of the flame-adjusting burners 4 and a control unit of the pulse burners 5 are respectively connected with an automatic control system 15; the trolley 2 is provided with a plurality of rows of refractory blocks 3 for bearing a heated workpiece 16, the refractory blocks are arranged in parallel along the longitudinal direction of the furnace body, and the flame-adjusting burners 4 are arranged on the lower furnace wall between the corresponding 2 rows of refractory blocks 3.
The furnace body 1 is a box-type furnace body formed by integrally ramming plastic materials, the furnace mouth 6 is a frame structure formed by integrally pouring high-performance castable materials, the furnace body 1 and the furnace mouth are integrally connected through labyrinth-shaped expansion joints, and a heat-insulating fiber material layer and a steel structure framework are arranged outside the furnace body.
The main body of the trolley 2 is a double-layer steel structure frame, the working table top of the trolley 2 is a composite structure of a heat-resistant alloy frame, a precast block and refractory bricks, the heat-resistant alloy frame is arranged on the periphery of the working table top, the refractory precast block is embedded in the heat-resistant alloy frame, the refractory bricks are built in the middle of the working table top, and a reserved groove for embedding a refractory cushion block 3 is formed in the working table top; the bottom of the working table surface is provided with a fiber machine plate heat insulation layer; the trolley 2 is driven by a trolley traction mechanism 17 driven by pin teeth, and is doubly limited by a proximity switch 18 and a mechanical limiting device 19.
The flame adjusting burners 4 are arranged on the lower furnace walls on the two sides of the furnace body 1, and the pulse burners 5 are arranged on the upper furnace walls on the two sides of the furnace body 1; the flame adjusting burner 4 and the pulse burner 5 have automatic ignition and flame monitoring functions; the flame adjusting burner 4 and the pulse burner 5 are respectively connected with a medium pipeline through expansion joints, and a manual valve, an electric valve and a flowmeter are arranged on the medium pipeline.
The refractory cushion block 3 is formed by integrally casting and molding a high-performance refractory material and firing at a high temperature of more than 1300 ℃.
The full-sealing structure comprises a first sealing structure between the trolley 2 and the furnace body 1 and a second sealing structure between the furnace opening 6 and the furnace door 23; the first sealing structure comprises a two-side locking type sealing structure formed by a double-curved-surface primary seal 21 between the side surface of the trolley 2 and a furnace wall and a secondary seal 22 between a turning edge cutter and a sand seal groove, and an adjustable sealing structure formed by fiber soft sealing between the tail of the trolley 2 and the rear wall of the furnace body 1; the second sealing structure comprises a combined sealing structure formed by self-help pressing sealing of the furnace door 23 and the furnace opening 6 and skirt fiber soft sealing.
The temperature detection device comprises a plurality of thermocouples 25 arranged on the furnace top and a plurality of thermocouples 24 arranged on the furnace wall, wherein the thermocouples 25 arranged on the furnace top and the thermocouples 24 arranged on the furnace wall are respectively arranged in a plurality along the longitudinal direction of the furnace body 1.
The automatic control system 15 is a PLC control system.
A plurality of smoke outlets 10 are uniformly distributed on two sides of a hearth of the furnace body 1, and the smoke exhaust area of the smoke outlets 10 can be adjusted; a flue flashboard 13 is arranged on a flue 11 of the furnace body 1; the smoke exhaust system 9 is provided with a heat exchanger 12 for recovering the waste heat of the smoke.
A heating temperature control method of a car-type heating furnace with double flame heating and smoke exhaust adjustable is characterized in that temperature measurement values detected at multiple points of a furnace wall and a furnace top are taken as control targets, an automatic control system is used for carrying out closed-loop temperature control and regional control, the fuel supply quantity and the air-fuel ratio are automatically adjusted by using a ratio infinite approach rule, dynamic adjustment of thermal load is realized, the timely temperature of each temperature measurement point in the furnace body approaches to a set target temperature value, and the set target temperature value is a temperature system curve of a heated workpiece.
The following examples are carried out on the premise of the technical scheme of the invention, and detailed embodiments and specific operation processes are given, but the scope of the invention is not limited to the following examples. The methods used in the following examples are conventional methods unless otherwise specified.
[ examples ] A method for producing a compound
As shown in fig. 1-3, in the present embodiment, a dual-flame heating and smoke exhaust adjustable car-type heating furnace includes a furnace body 1, a car 2, refractory blocks 3, flame adjusting burners 4, pulse burners 5, a fully sealed structure, an air supply system 7, a gas system 8, a smoke exhaust system 9, and an automatic control system 15. A plurality of flame adjusting burners 4 are fixed on the lower furnace walls at two sides of the furnace body 1, and the flame is guided by the transverse flame paths between the refractory cushion blocks 3 and is orderly organized to heat the lower area; the pulse burner 5 arranged on the upper furnace wall is distributed in the space above the heated workpiece 16 to form pulse heat supply of the heat compensation coating layer. The flame path and the smoke outlet 10 are uniformly arranged at two sides of the hearth, the same sides are not communicated with each other, and the opposite sides correspond to each other. The upper heating zone and the lower heating zone are controlled in temperature in a subarea way, a heating process system for automatically adjusting heat load supply, which is used for dynamically coating and heating at constant temperature and infinitely approaching a heating target temperature by a multipoint monitoring and ratio method, is formed, so that the furnace pressure is stable, and the furnace temperature is very uniform.
As shown in figure 2, because of high-temperature heating, the temperature of a hearth is generally above 1350 ℃, the furnace body 1 adopts a box-shaped furnace body which is formed by anchoring the furnace walls and the furnace top by the anchoring bricks 20 and integrally ramming plastic; the furnace mouth 6 is combined with the anchoring brick 20 by adopting a high-temperature alloy anchoring piece made of Cr25Ni20 material, and is integrally cast into a frame ring beam structure by using high-performance casting materials. The furnace body 1 and the furnace mouth 6 are connected into a whole by a labyrinth-shaped expansion joint, and the outer layer is provided with a heat insulating material and sealed by a steel structure.
The main body of the trolley 2 is a double-layer frame structure, the periphery of the working table is surrounded by a heat-resistant alloy frame plate, a special-shaped fire-resistant prefabricated block is built in the trolley, a heat insulation layer is made on the bottom of the trolley by a fiber machine plate, the trolley body is filled with refractory bricks for building, and a reserved groove for embedding a refractory cushion block 3 is reserved in the middle of the working table. The trolley 2 is driven by a trolley traction mechanism 17 driven by pin teeth and is controlled by a proximity switch 18 and a mechanical limit 19 in a dual mode, so that the running stability and safety are guaranteed.
A plurality of refractory cushion blocks 3 are arranged in a row and are arranged on the trolley 2 in parallel to form a flame path, and the working flame of the flame adjusting burner 4 is positioned in the transverse flame path between the refractory cushion blocks 3; the refractory cushion block 3 is integrally cast by high-performance refractory materials and then is sintered at a high temperature of more than 1300 ℃. The composite steel billet is loaded on the refractory cushion block 3, the refractory cushion block 3 has a structure with an isosceles trapezoid shape and a curved surface at the top, and the refraction heat of the curved surface at high temperature completely contributes to the heated blank, so that the realization of quick heating and uniform heating effects is promoted.
The flame length of the flame adjusting burner 4 is adjustable to ensure the heat supply load of the lower surface of the heated composite billet 16 and the integral temperature uniformity of lower heating. The upper surface of the composite billet 16 is covered by the big fire and small fire pulse flames of the pulse burner 5 so as to ensure the constant upper heating temperature and the integral temperature uniformity of the upper heating. All the flame adjusting burners 4 and the pulse burners 5 have the functions of automatic ignition and flame monitoring; the flame adjusting burner 4 and the pulse burner 5 are connected with an air supply system 7, a gas system 8 and related valves, a detection meter and the like through pipelines.
The air supply system 7 is composed of a variable-frequency combustion fan, an air pipeline, a flow detection and automatic regulating valve, an explosion-proof valve, a manual electric valve and the like.
The gas system 8 is composed of a blind plate valve group, a quick-cutting valve, a gas pipeline, a flow detection and automatic regulating valve, a blowing and diffusing pipeline, a manual electric valve and the like.
As shown in fig. 1, 2, and 3, the smoke exhaust system 9 is composed of an adjustable smoke exhaust port 10, a flue 11, a heat exchanger 12, a flue shutter 13, a chimney 14, and the like. A plurality of smoke outlets 10 are uniformly distributed on two sides of the hearth, and the smoke exhaust area can be adjusted through adjusting bricks; the furnace pressure is ensured to be stable through interlocking of the flue gate 13 and the furnace pressure. The waste heat of the flue gas is recycled through the heat exchanger 12 to preheat combustion air, so that energy is saved; in order to protect the heat exchanger, when the temperature of the discharged flue gas is over-high, the air-cooling fan is automatically mixed with cold air, and the hot air of the heat exchanger 12 is automatically diffused, until the temperature of the flue gas is recovered to be normal, the air-cooling fan is shut down, and the automatic diffusion is closed.
As shown in fig. 1, 2 and 4, the full-sealing structure of the furnace body 1 comprises omnibearing sealing of a trolley 2, the furnace body 1, a furnace mouth 6 and a furnace door 23, two-side locking mouth sealing formed by combining a hyperboloid primary sealing 21 and a secondary sealing between a side cutter and a sand seal groove 22 between the side face of the trolley 2 and a furnace wall, fiber soft sealing of the tail of the trolley and the rear wall of the furnace body forms adjustable sealing, and self-help pressing sealing of the furnace mouth 6 and the furnace door 23 and skirt fiber soft sealing are combined to form sealing between the furnace mouth and a furnace door frame.
The invention relates to a car-type heating furnace with double flames for heating and adjustable smoke discharge, which is characterized in that the defects of low heating speed, uneven temperature, large furnace pressure fluctuation, poor sealing performance and the like of the traditional car-type heating furnace are thoroughly eliminated, and the unattended full-automatic steel burning production process can be realized through an automatic control system 15.
As shown in FIG. 5, a new heating temperature control method for a dual-flame heating and smoke-discharging adjustable car-type heating furnace is to automatically adjust the supply of fuel and air by using a ratio infinite approach rule by a PLC programming means according to a set target value as a trend, to realize full automation of a production process and a heating temperature control process, and to realize safe interlocking control in the whole process. The set target value is the temperature system curve of the heated workpiece.
In the production process, the opening and closing of the furnace door can not be realized, and the trolley can not move in and out; when the vehicle enters in place, the burner is automatically ignited, when the vehicle leaves in place, the burner is automatically flamed out.
As shown in fig. 5, the specific implementation process of heating and temperature control is as follows: in order to obtain balanced furnace temperature, the temperature control system adopts a mode that a plurality of areas on the upper part and the lower part of a furnace body are respectively controlled, the timely temperature of multipoint detection realized by a thermocouple 24 arranged on a furnace wall and a thermocouple 25 arranged on a furnace top is taken as a target temperature control, and the fuel supply and the air-fuel ratio are automatically adjusted by a closed temperature loop.
As shown in fig. 5: the close connection body of the thermocouple B3 in the lower heating three-zone is a No. 20 flame adjusting burner, and timely online control is realized; the correlators of the thermocouples B2 in the lower heating zone II are 14#, 16#, 18# flame adjusting burners, and timely online control is realized; the close body of the thermocouple B1 in the lower heating zone is a 12# flame adjusting burner, and the temperature value of the thermocouple is displayed timely to provide a temperature adjusting reference. The close connection body of the thermocouple B4 in the lower heating four areas is a No. 11 flame adjusting burner, and timely online control is realized; the thermocouple B5 in the lower heating five-zone is connected with 13#, 15#, 17# flame adjusting burners, and timely controlled on line; the close body of the thermocouple B6 in the lower heating six areas is a 19# flame adjusting burner, the temperature value is displayed timely, and the temperature adjusting reference is provided.
The upper heating zone is divided into five zones, and one zone is divided by taking 2 burners arranged oppositely as a unit. The shutoff bodies of the thermocouples A1 in the upper heating first zone are 1# and 2# pulse burners, the shutoff bodies of the thermocouples A2 in the upper heating second zone are 3# and 4# pulse burners, the shutoff bodies of the thermocouples A3 in the upper heating third zone are 5# and 6# pulse burners, the shutoff bodies of the thermocouples A4 in the upper heating fourth zone are 7# and 8# pulse burners, and the correlation bodies of the thermocouples A5 in the upper heating fifth zone are 9# and 10# pulse nozzles; all the pulse burners are timely controlled on line; when the timely temperature of the thermocouple in any one area is lower than a set target value, the big fire function of the pulse burner is started; and when the temperature is higher than the set target value, the small fire (heat preservation) function of the pulse burner is started.
By adopting the temperature control system, dynamic heat load adjustment can be flexibly realized, and automatic temperature control and heating of the temperature system curve of the workpiece can be completely executed. The intelligent temperature control and optimization management and control of the whole process can be realized, and the method is energy-saving, emission-reducing and environment-friendly.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art should be considered to be within the technical scope of the present invention, and the technical solutions and the inventive concepts thereof according to the present invention should be equivalent or changed within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A car-type heating furnace with double flames for heating and smoke exhaust adjustment comprises a furnace body, a car, a burner, an air supply system, a gas system, a smoke exhaust system and an automatic control system; the furnace is characterized in that the furnace body is of a full-sealing structure and is divided into an upper heating zone and a lower heating zone; the burner consists of a plurality of pulse burners arranged in an upper heating zone and a plurality of flame-adjusting burners arranged in a lower heating zone, the upper heating zone and the lower heating zone are respectively provided with a plurality of temperature detection devices, and the temperature detection devices, the control units of the flame-adjusting burners and the control units of the pulse burners are respectively connected with an automatic control system; the trolley is provided with a plurality of rows of refractory cushion blocks for bearing a heated workpiece, each row is composed of a plurality of refractory cushion blocks, the refractory cushion blocks are longitudinally arranged in parallel along the furnace body, and the flame adjusting burners are arranged on the lower furnace wall between the corresponding 2 rows of refractory cushion blocks.
2. The car-type heating furnace with double flames for heating and smoke exhaust adjustment according to claim 1, wherein the furnace body is a box-type furnace body integrally rammed by plastic materials, the furnace mouth is a frame structure integrally cast by high-performance casting materials, the furnace body and the furnace mouth are connected into a whole by a labyrinth-shaped expansion joint, and a heat-insulating fiber material layer and a steel structure framework are arranged outside the furnace body and the furnace mouth.
3. The dual-flame heating and smoke-discharging adjustable trolley type heating furnace according to claim 1, wherein the main body of the trolley is a double-layer steel structure frame, the working table of the trolley is a composite structure of a heat-resistant alloy frame, a precast block and refractory bricks, the heat-resistant alloy frame is arranged on the periphery of the working table, the refractory precast block is embedded in the heat-resistant alloy frame, the refractory bricks are built in the middle of the working table, and a reserved groove for embedding a refractory material cushion block is formed in the working table; the bottom of the working table surface is provided with a fiber machine plate heat insulation layer; the trolley is driven by a trolley traction mechanism driven by the pin teeth, and is subjected to double limiting by the proximity switch and the mechanical limiting device.
4. The car-type heating furnace with double flames for heating and adjustable smoke discharging of claim 1, wherein the flame adjusting burners are arranged on the lower furnace walls on both sides of the furnace body, and the pulse burners are arranged on the upper furnace walls on both sides of the furnace body; the flame adjusting burner and the pulse burner have automatic ignition and flame monitoring functions; the flame adjusting burner and the pulse burner are respectively connected with a medium pipeline through expansion joints, and a manual valve, an electric valve and a flowmeter are arranged on the medium pipeline.
5. The car-type heating furnace with double flames for heating and smoke exhaust adjustment according to claim 1, wherein the refractory block is formed by integrally casting high-performance refractory material and firing at a high temperature of 1300 ℃ or higher.
6. The dual-flame heating and smoke exhaust adjustable trolley type heating furnace according to claim 1, wherein the full sealing structure comprises a first sealing structure between the trolley and the furnace body, and a second sealing structure between the furnace mouth and the furnace door; the first sealing structure comprises a two-side locking type sealing structure formed by double curved surface primary sealing between the side surface of the trolley and the furnace wall and secondary sealing between the edge turning cutter and the sand seal groove, and an adjustable sealing structure formed by fiber soft sealing between the tail of the trolley and the rear wall of the furnace body; and the second sealing structure comprises a combined sealing structure formed by self-help compaction sealing of the furnace door and the furnace opening and soft sealing of skirt fiber.
7. The car-type heating furnace with double flames for heating and adjustable smoke discharging of claim 1, wherein the temperature detecting device comprises a plurality of thermocouples arranged on the top of the furnace and a plurality of thermocouples arranged on the wall of the furnace, and the thermocouples arranged on the top of the furnace and the thermocouples arranged on the wall of the furnace are respectively arranged in a plurality along the longitudinal direction of the furnace body.
8. The dual-flame heating and smoke exhaust adjustable trolley type heating furnace according to claim 1, wherein the automatic control system is a PLC control system.
9. The car-type heating furnace with double flames for heating and adjustable smoke discharging according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of smoke discharging ports are uniformly distributed on two sides of a hearth of the furnace body, and the smoke discharging area of the smoke discharging ports can be adjusted; a flue gate is arranged on a flue of the furnace body; the smoke exhaust system is provided with a heat exchanger for recovering the waste heat of the smoke.
10. The method for controlling the temperature of a car-type heating furnace with double flame heating and smoke exhaust adjustment according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the method is characterized in that the temperature measurement values detected at multiple points on the wall and the top of the furnace are used as control targets, an automatic control system is used for performing closed-loop temperature control and zone control, the fuel supply amount and the air-fuel ratio are automatically adjusted by using the ratio infinite approach rule, the dynamic adjustment of the thermal load is realized, the timely temperature of each temperature measurement point in the furnace body approaches to a set target temperature value, and the set target temperature value is a temperature system curve of a heated workpiece.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN112246877A (en) * | 2020-09-25 | 2021-01-22 | 南京钢铁股份有限公司 | Production method for heating thin-specification blank by using trolley type heating furnace |
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