CN110760776A - Cr-free iron-based coating of cylinder inner hole and spraying method thereof - Google Patents
Cr-free iron-based coating of cylinder inner hole and spraying method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN110760776A CN110760776A CN201910902681.3A CN201910902681A CN110760776A CN 110760776 A CN110760776 A CN 110760776A CN 201910902681 A CN201910902681 A CN 201910902681A CN 110760776 A CN110760776 A CN 110760776A
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- Prior art keywords
- coating
- inner hole
- cylinder body
- cylinder
- hole
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
- C23C4/12—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge characterised by the method of spraying
- C23C4/134—Plasma spraying
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/04—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/08—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing nickel
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/12—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing tungsten, tantalum, molybdenum, vanadium, or niobium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
- C23C4/04—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge characterised by the coating material
- C23C4/06—Metallic material
Abstract
The invention discloses a Cr-free iron-based coating of an inner hole of a cylinder body and a spraying method thereof, and the Cr-free iron-based coating comprises a coating formed in the inner hole of the cylinder body in a spraying mode, wherein the coating comprises 0.5-1.5 wt% of C, 1.0-2.0 wt% of Mn, 1.0-2.0 wt% of Ni, 2.0-3.0 wt% of Mo, and the balance of Fe. The invention has the beneficial effects that: the mode that this scheme formed the coating on engine cylinder body hole increases the intensity and the wear resistance of engine cylinder body hole, reduces the wearing and tearing of hole to be favorable to reducing the oil consumption and the emission of engine, because the coating does not contain Cr, accord with standard requirement, be fit for using widely.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of thermal spraying, in particular to a Cr-free iron-based coating of an inner hole of a cylinder body and a spraying method thereof.
Background
The thermal spraying technology is a technology that powder (or wire and bar) materials are instantly heated to a molten or semi-molten state by utilizing heat sources such as flame, electric arc, plasma arc and the like, then atomized by means of the power of flame flow or externally-added high-speed airflow and sprayed to the surface of a pretreated base material at a certain speed, flattened, rapidly cooled and solidified to be combined with the base material to form a surface covering coating with various functions. The thermal spraying coating enables the surface of a workpiece to obtain excellent performances such as high temperature resistance, oxidation resistance, abrasion resistance, corrosion resistance and the like, can also repair a damaged part, and can be used for preparing functional coatings with special purposes such as radiation protection, sealing, insulation and the like, and is widely applied to various fields such as aerospace, automobile manufacturing, petrochemical industry, nuclear industry, metallurgy, building, machinery and the like.
In order to reduce fuel consumption and carbon dioxide emissions, the weight reduction of automobiles has become a major concern, the cylinder block is an important part of the engine, and reducing mass and friction loss in the powertrain to improve the efficiency of the entire automobile has become a challenge for many automobile manufacturers. More and more engines adopt cast aluminum cylinder bodies, but for the traditional cast aluminum cylinder bodies, cast iron cylinder sleeves need to be inlaid at cylinder holes so as to meet the requirements of high temperature, high-speed impact and friction when the engines work. However, the cast iron cylinder sleeve still brings adverse effects, such as increase of the weight of the cylinder body, mismatch of thermal performance between the cylinder body and the cast iron cylinder sleeve, failure in full play of engine efficiency and the like. Therefore, the cylinder liner-free cast aluminum cylinder body is provided, the cast iron cylinder liner is eliminated in the cast aluminum cylinder body, and a layer of wear-resistant coating is sprayed on the inner wall of the cylinder hole of the cast aluminum cylinder body by adopting a thermal spraying technology, so that the adverse effect caused by the cast iron cylinder liner is solved, the quality of the engine cylinder body can be reduced, the frictional wear performance of the surface of the cylinder hole is improved, the reduction of fuel oil and emission of an engine is facilitated, and the like.
For the cylinder hole inner wall of the cylinder-sleeve-free cast aluminum cylinder body, a layer of wear-resistant coating is sprayed, and from the aspects of practical application performance and economy, most of coating materials are iron-based materials, and meanwhile, a small part of coating materials are metal ceramic composite materials and pure ceramic materials. The adopted iron-based materials all contain Cr element, and the forbidden requirement of hexavalent chromium is clearly specified in the standard of 'forbidden material requirement for automobiles', so that automobile manufacturers worry about the Cr element in the coating material and influence the application and popularization of the cylinder-sleeve-free cast aluminum cylinder body.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a Cr-free iron-based coating of an inner hole of a cylinder body and a spraying method thereof, which are used for improving the performance of the cylinder body and reducing the oil consumption and the emission of an engine.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the problems is as follows: the Cr-free iron-based coating of the cylinder inner hole comprises a coating arranged on the cylinder inner hole, wherein the coating comprises 0.5-1.5 wt% of C, 1.0-2.0 wt% of Mn, 1.0-2.0 wt% of Ni, 2.0-3.0 wt% of Mo, and the balance of Fe.
Further, in order to better realize the invention, the porosity of the coating is 1-6%.
Furthermore, in order to better realize the invention, the thickness of the coating is 0.2-0.4 mm.
Further, in order to better realize the invention, the surface roughness Ra of the coating is less than or equal to 12.5 μm, and Rz is less than or equal to 200 μm.
A spray coating method of Cr-free iron-based coating of an inner hole of a cylinder body comprises the following steps:
step S1: boring an inner hole of the cylinder body to increase the aperture;
step S2: roughening the surface of the bored inner hole to increase the roughness of the surface of the inner hole;
step S3: the surface of the inner bore is spray-coated to form the coating of claim 1, the powder material comprises 0.5-1.5 wt% of C, 1.0-2.0 wt% of Mn, 1.0-2.0 wt% of Ni, 2.0-3.0 wt% of Mo, and the balance of Fe.
Further, in order to better implement the present invention, in step S1, the aperture is increased by 0.2-0.5 mm.
Further, in order to better implement the present invention, in step S2, the surface of the bored inner hole is roughened by a sand blasting process, and the surface roughness Rz of the roughened inner control surface is within a range of 40 to 100 μm.
Furthermore, in order to better realize the invention, the sand material adopted by the sand blasting process is white corundum or brown corundum, the granularity is 20-40 meshes, the sand blasting pressure is 5.0-6.5 MPa, and the sand blasting flow is 0.8-1.5 kg/min.
Further, in order to better implement the present invention, in step S3, the particle size of the powder is 10 to 80 μm.
Further, in order to better implement the present invention, in step S3, the cylinder inner hole is subjected to air draft for dust removal during spraying.
The beneficial effect that this scheme obtained is:
(1) the mode that this scheme formed the coating on engine cylinder body hole increases the intensity and the wear resistance of engine cylinder body hole, reduces the wearing and tearing of hole to be favorable to reducing the oil consumption and the emission of engine, because the coating does not contain Cr, accord with standard requirement, be fit for using widely.
(2) This scheme is through the mode reinforcing hole that forms the coating, compares in traditional cylinder liner structure, and its structure is simpler, and processing technology is simpler, can effectively reduce the processing degree of difficulty and processing cost, owing to reduced assembly structure for the precision of cylinder body hole improves.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of cylinder bore spraying.
Wherein: 1-spray gun, 2-cylinder body.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to examples and drawings, but the present invention is not limited to these examples.
Example 1:
in the embodiment, the Cr-free iron-based coating of the cylinder inner bore comprises a coating arranged on the cylinder inner bore, wherein the coating comprises 0.5-1.5 wt% of C, 1.0-2.0 wt% of Mn, 1.0-2.0 wt% of Ni, 2.0-3.0 wt% of Mo, and the balance of Fe.
The coating is formed by a spraying mode, spraying powder for spraying is ferroalloy powder, the ferroalloy powder comprises 0.5-1.5 wt% of C, 1.0-2.0 wt% of Mn, 1.0-2.0 wt% of Ni, 2.0-3.0 wt% of Mo, and the balance of Fe.
Form the coating through the mode of spraying, compare in traditional cylinder liner structure and have advantages such as simple structure, processing convenience, can directly form the coating structure at hole surface, and need not imbed the cylinder liner in the cylinder body in the cast, can effectively reduce the processing degree of difficulty and processing cost, avoid the error accumulation that the structure assembly produced and be favorable to improving the surface accuracy.
Because the spraying powder does not contain Cr element, a Cr-free coating can be formed, the standard requirement of 'requirement for forbidden substances for automobiles' is met, and the coating is suitable for popularization and use. The formed coating is an iron-based coating, so that the strength and the wear resistance of the inner hole of the cylinder body can be improved, the deformation and the wear of the inner control of the cylinder body are reduced, and the service life of an engine is prolonged.
In the embodiment, before spraying the inner hole of the cylinder body, boring treatment is carried out to increase the aperture by 0.2-0.5 mm, spraying is carried out after boring, and the coating formed by spraying fills up the bored size, so that the diameter size of the sprayed inner hole meets the size requirement of a finished product. The size of the coating formed after spraying is 0.2-0.5 mm, and compared with the traditional cylinder sleeve, the size of the coating is smaller, so that the overall weight of the cylinder body can be effectively reduced. The inner surface of the formed coating can be subjected to finish machining treatment so as to ensure that the cylindricity of the coating meets the requirement.
In this embodiment, adopt the mode of honing to carry out the finish machining to the internal surface of coating, the coating after the honing can be mirror surface porous structure, and gentle round aperture can make the engine oil expose the area reduction of combustion chamber and piston ring as the oil storage hole, reduces the tangential force of scraper ring, makes the piston ring get into the fluid dynamics state sooner, and apparent reduction frictional force reduces the friction heat generation energy consumption, reduces engine blowby gas and oil consumption, guarantees the highest operational reliability.
In the embodiment, the spraying mode adopts inner hole rotating plasma spraying, a cylinder body is fixed on a workbench with a positioning device, a plasma spray gun is arranged at the center of a cylinder hole, plasma arc flame flow is generated by discharge between an anode and a cathode in the plasma spray gun, an outer powder conveying pipe is arranged above the flame flow, spraying powder is directly conveyed into the plasma flame flow through the outer powder conveying pipe by powder conveying carrier gas, the spraying powder is sprayed to the roughened cylinder hole inner wall surface at a certain speed by virtue of the power of the flame flow after being heated and melted in the flame flow, and the spraying powder is quickly cooled and solidified to be combined with the cylinder hole inner wall to form a coating after being flattened. In the spraying process, the spray gun rotates in the cylinder hole and reciprocates up and down, and the set coating thickness is achieved through multiple times of reciprocating spraying. Meanwhile, smoke dust generated in the spraying process is sucked by the aid of the air draft dust removal device below the workbench, influence of the smoke dust on coating quality is reduced, and meanwhile, the temperature of the cylinder body is also controlled.
Example 2:
on the basis of the above embodiment, in this embodiment, the cylinder liner-free cast aluminum cylinder body with the finished aperture of 81mm is sprayed.
The first phase adopts a boring processing technology to process the inner hole of the cylinder hole, the hole diameter is processed to 81.3mm, then the cylinder hole is cleaned, and cutting fluid, oil stains and the like on the surface are removed.
Carrying out sand blasting treatment on the inner hole by adopting an inner hole sand blasting gun, arranging the sand blasting gun at the center of the cylinder hole, rotating and reciprocating up and down to coarsen the surface of the inner wall of the cylinder hole, wherein the granularity of the selected white corundum is 20-40 meshes, the sand blasting angle is 75-90 degrees, and the gas pressure is 5.0-6.5 MPa; the roughness of the roughened surface was at Rz82 μm.
Then, a rotary plasma spray gun is adopted to spray the inner wall of the cylinder hole of the cast aluminum cylinder body, the rotating speed of the spray gun is 500-800 rpm, the current is 350-400A, the voltage is 45-60V, the powder delivery amount is 120g/min, the argon flow is 60L/min, the hydrogen flow is 8L/min, the cycle reciprocating frequency is 8, the temperature of the cylinder body in the spraying process is below 200 ℃, the thickness of the sprayed coating is 0.2-0.4 mm, the surface roughness Ra of the coating is less than or equal to 12.5 mu m, and Rz is less than or equal to 200 mu m, and the average porosity of the coating is 2 percent; the hardness of the coating is measured by taking points and averaging, and the hardness value is 400HV0.3(ii) a Testing the bonding strength of the coating on the cylinder body object, and averaging the test points to obtain a bonding strength value of 36 MPa;
and carrying out honing processing on the sprayed cast aluminum cylinder body, wherein the honing is divided into rough honing and fine honing, part of coating is removed through the rough honing, the diameter of the cylinder hole after the rough honing is about 81.05mm, the diameter of the cylinder hole is processed to be 81mm of finished product size through the fine honing, the thickness of the coating after the honing is about 0.15mm, and meanwhile, the inner wall surface of the cylinder hole reaches the required roughness range.
Example 3:
on the basis of the above embodiment 2, in this embodiment, the cylinder liner-free cast aluminum cylinder body with a finished bore diameter of 75mm is sprayed. The first phase adopts a boring processing technology to process the inner hole of the cylinder hole, the hole diameter is processed to 75.3mm, then the cylinder hole is cleaned, and cutting fluid, oil stains and the like on the surface are removed.
Carrying out sand blasting treatment on the inner hole by adopting an inner hole sand blasting gun, arranging the sand blasting gun at the center of the cylinder hole, rotating and reciprocating up and down to coarsen the surface of the inner wall of the cylinder hole, wherein the granularity of the selected white corundum is 20-40 meshes, the sand blasting angle is 75-90 degrees, and the gas pressure is 5.0-6.5 MPa; the roughness of the roughened surface was at Rz75 μm.
Spraying the inner wall of a cylinder hole of a cast aluminum cylinder body by using a rotary plasma spray gun, wherein the rotating speed of the spray gun is 500-800 rpm, the current is 350-400A, the voltage is 45-60V, the powder delivery amount is 120g/min, the argon flow is 55L/min, the hydrogen flow is 7L/min, the cycle reciprocating frequency is 6, the temperature of the cylinder body is below 200 ℃ in the spraying process, the thickness of a sprayed coating is 0.2-0.4 mm, the surface roughness Ra of the coating is less than or equal to 12.5 mu m, Rz is less than or equal to 200 mu m, and the average porosity of the coating is 2.5%; the hardness of the coating is measured by taking points and an average value, and the hardness value is 410HV 0.3; and testing the bonding strength of the coating on the cylinder body object, and averaging the test points to obtain the bonding strength value of 34 MPa.
And carrying out honing processing on the sprayed cast aluminum cylinder body, wherein the bore of the cylinder reaches the finished product bore diameter of 75 mm.
In this embodiment, other undescribed contents are the same as those in the above embodiment, and thus are not described again.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited thereto in any way, and any simple modification, equivalent replacement and improvement made to the above embodiment within the spirit and principle of the present invention still fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A Cr-free iron-based coating of an inner hole of a cylinder body is characterized in that: the coating comprises a coating layer arranged in an inner hole of a cylinder body, wherein the coating layer comprises 0.5-1.5 wt% of C, 1.0-2.0 wt% of Mn, 1.0-2.0 wt% of Ni, 2.0-3.0 wt% of Mo, and the balance of Fe.
2. A Cr-free iron-based coating for an internal bore of a cylinder block as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the porosity of the coating is 1-6%.
3. A Cr-free iron-based coating for an internal bore of a cylinder block as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the thickness of the coating is 0.2-0.4 mm.
4. A Cr-free iron-based coating for an internal bore of a cylinder block as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the surface roughness Ra of the coating is less than or equal to 12.5 mu m, and Rz is less than or equal to 200 mu m.
5. A spraying method of a Cr-free iron-based coating of an inner hole of a cylinder body is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
step S1: boring an inner hole of the cylinder body to increase the aperture;
step S2: roughening the surface of the bored inner hole to increase the roughness of the surface of the inner hole;
step S3: the surface of the inner bore is spray-coated to form the coating of claim 1, the powder material comprises 0.5-1.5 wt% of C, 1.0-2.0 wt% of Mn, 1.0-2.0 wt% of Ni, 2.0-3.0 wt% of Mo, and the balance of Fe.
6. The method of claim 5, wherein the method comprises the steps of: in the step S1, the aperture is increased by 0.2-0.5 mm.
7. The method of claim 5, wherein the method comprises the steps of: in the step S2, the surface of the bored inner hole is roughened by a sand blasting process, and the surface roughness Rz of the roughened inner control surface is within the range of 40-100 μm.
8. The method of claim 7, wherein the method comprises the steps of: the sand blasting process adopts white corundum or brown corundum as a sand material, the granularity is 20-40 meshes, the sand blasting pressure is 5.0-6.5 MPa, and the sand blasting flow is 0.8-1.5 kg/min.
9. The method of claim 5, wherein the method comprises the steps of: in the step S3, the particle size of the powder is 10-80 μm.
10. The method of claim 5, wherein the method comprises the steps of: and in the step S3, air draft and dust removal are carried out on the inner hole of the cylinder body during spraying.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910902681.3A CN110760776A (en) | 2019-09-24 | 2019-09-24 | Cr-free iron-based coating of cylinder inner hole and spraying method thereof |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201910902681.3A CN110760776A (en) | 2019-09-24 | 2019-09-24 | Cr-free iron-based coating of cylinder inner hole and spraying method thereof |
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| CN110760776A true CN110760776A (en) | 2020-02-07 |
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| CN201910902681.3A Pending CN110760776A (en) | 2019-09-24 | 2019-09-24 | Cr-free iron-based coating of cylinder inner hole and spraying method thereof |
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Application publication date: 20200207 |