CN110754201B - Hand self-propelled single-row green vegetable head harvester - Google Patents
Hand self-propelled single-row green vegetable head harvester Download PDFInfo
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- CN110754201B CN110754201B CN201911079973.8A CN201911079973A CN110754201B CN 110754201 B CN110754201 B CN 110754201B CN 201911079973 A CN201911079973 A CN 201911079973A CN 110754201 B CN110754201 B CN 110754201B
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- 235000013311 vegetables Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 91
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 105
- 206010028980 Neoplasm Diseases 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 abstract description 34
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 9
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 25
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 15
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 9
- 230000001613 neoplastic effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- 235000021110 pickles Nutrition 0.000 description 7
- 241000219198 Brassica Species 0.000 description 6
- 235000003351 Brassica cretica Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 235000003343 Brassica rupestris Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- QKSKPIVNLNLAAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N bis(2-chloroethyl) sulfide Chemical compound ClCCSCCCl QKSKPIVNLNLAAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 235000010460 mustard Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 5
- 241001391944 Commicarpus scandens Species 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 241000427033 Stomolophus meleagris Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035613 defoliation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035553 feeding performance Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012958 reprocessing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000844 transformation Methods 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01D—HARVESTING; MOWING
- A01D27/00—Machines with both topping and lifting mechanisms
- A01D27/04—Machines with both topping and lifting mechanisms with moving or rotating tools
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01D—HARVESTING; MOWING
- A01D33/00—Accessories for digging harvesters
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01D—HARVESTING; MOWING
- A01D33/00—Accessories for digging harvesters
- A01D33/08—Special sorting and cleaning mechanisms
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01D—HARVESTING; MOWING
- A01D33/00—Accessories for digging harvesters
- A01D33/10—Crop collecting devices, with or without weighing apparatus
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01D—HARVESTING; MOWING
- A01D33/00—Accessories for digging harvesters
- A01D33/12—Driving mechanisms, with or without motor
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01D—HARVESTING; MOWING
- A01D33/00—Accessories for digging harvesters
- A01D33/14—Lifting or lowering mechanisms for the tools
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Harvesting Machines For Root Crops (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a hand-held self-propelled single-row green vegetable head harvester, and belongs to the technical field of agricultural machinery. The machine comprises a profiling adjusting device, a V-shaped root cutting device, a three-way clamping and conveying device, a leaf removing device and a frame. Front profiling wheels of which the two sides of the front part of the frame are supported on the profiling adjusting device, and a V-shaped root cutting device is arranged between the two front profiling wheels; the rear side of the V-shaped root cutting device is connected with a three-way clamping and conveying device, and the rear end of the three-way clamping and conveying device is provided with a leaf removing device. The harvesting method of supporting leaves, cutting roots in situ and carrying out three-way clamping and conveying is adopted, plant lodging caused by cutting leaves firstly and then cutting and stem leaf breakage caused by pulling out and cutting roots firstly are effectively avoided, and a plurality of harvesting problems of easy hilling and congestion, easy breakage of stems and leaves, difficult direct pulling and the like commonly existing in the prior art due to specific shape and large size difference of green vegetable head tumor-shaped stems and low bulb forming position are properly solved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a soil surface knot ball vegetable harvester with stems and leaves, in particular to a hand-held self-propelled single-row green vegetable head harvester, and belongs to the technical field of agricultural machinery.
Background
The green cabbage head is named as stem tumor mustard and is the main raw material for preparing Fuling preserved szechuan pickle. The harvesting of the green vegetable heads has been mainly performed by manual harvesting for a long time, the labor intensity is high, the working efficiency is low, and the yield, the quality and the economic benefit of the hot pickled mustard tuber are seriously affected. The reason why mechanized harvesting of green heads is difficult to achieve is its own unique growth characteristics. Firstly, the fibrous roots of the green vegetable heads are developed, the stems and leaves are fragile and easy to break, so that a harvesting mode of firstly pulling and then cutting the roots is difficult to realize; secondly, the tumor-shaped stems have the characteristics of large size difference, specific growth shape and the like, so that the difficulty of picking and harvesting the tumor-shaped stems is increased sharply; furthermore, the growth heights of the green vegetable head tumor-shaped stems are different, and the bottoms of part of the green vegetable head tumor-shaped stems are 2-3cm lower than the soil surface; resulting in excessive height of the tumorous stem root cutting position or excessive resistance in the soil entering root cutting process.
As can be seen from the search, a green vegetable head harvester proposed in chinese patent document No. 201910252863.0 includes a harvesting mechanism for harvesting green vegetable heads, a self-propelled chassis with a loading box, and a suspension adjustment mechanism for connecting the self-propelled chassis and the harvesting mechanism and for adjusting the angle of the harvesting mechanism. As the V-shaped knife is inserted into the soil to cut roots, the damage to the green vegetable heads in the harvesting process can be reduced, meanwhile, the requirements on the planting environment of the green vegetable heads are low, ridging is not needed, the requirements on the flatness of soil blocks are not high, and the quality requirements of the commercial green vegetable heads can be directly met without reprocessing the green vegetable heads after harvesting through secondary root cutting and defoliation. But research has shown that it has the following problems: 1) The V-shaped knife formed by opening the V-shaped opening on the fixed blade has little difference from the flat-mouth blade in action effect, is a fixed cutter without power input, has large root cutting resistance, is blocked by hilling and can push down plants and needs secondary root cutting because the whole knife edge enters soil for root cutting in the working process; 2) According to the test results of the university of southwest (natural science edition) journal of the physical and mechanical properties of green vegetable heads, namely Xue Yuanpeng, chen Junjie, she Jin, and the like, 2017, 39 (2): 147-152, the green vegetable head stems and leaves have less fiber content and more water and are easy to break, so that the stems and leaves are easy to break by pulling out after soil breaking and secondary root cutting, and a harvester is blocked; 3) Because the shape of the knob is peculiar and the sizes of the knob are very different, reliable conveying of the green vegetable heads cannot be realized by utilizing the clamping belts and the conveying belts on two sides.
Secondly, a Chinese patent document with the application number 201610521653.3 proposes a preserved szechuan pickle harvester which comprises a main frame, wherein a power device, a clamping and pulling device and a preposed disc root cutting device are arranged on the main frame; the power device is arranged at the rear part of the main frame and comprises a power assembly, the power assembly is connected with a belt pulley on a reduction gearbox through a belt, a first output shaft is arranged on the reduction gearbox, a first chain plate is arranged on the first output shaft and connected with a second chain plate through a first chain, and the second chain plate is arranged on an input shaft of the clutch assembly. This machine is through centre gripping pulling device and leading disc root cutting device completion preserved szechuan pickle results, can accomplish the preserved szechuan pickle results in hilly mountain area district to can once only accomplish the root of cutting the dish, still have following problem: 1) The clamping realized by the spokes and the clamping belts on the middle bracket is very easy to cause the stem leaves of the green vegetable heads to be rubbed, broken and fractured in the conveying process for the green vegetable heads with less stem leaf fiber content, more moisture and easy breakage; 2) The root of the preserved szechuan pickle is cut by cutting the soil through a single toothed cutter disc, so that the root cutting resistance is high, the green vegetable heads are prone to lodging on one side, the soil is blocked, secondary root cutting is needed, and the root cutting depth of the root cutting through the soil is overlarge or the root cutting is incomplete due to the single toothed cutter disc; 3) The stem leaves of the green vegetable heads are directly pushed to the fixed cutters without power input under the extrusion and gathering actions of the clamping belts, so that the condition that the cutters cannot smoothly cut off the stem leaves easily occurs, and further, the stem leaves are jammed at the position, and the harvesting process of the green vegetable heads cannot be smoothly carried out.
In addition, chinese patent document No. 201810967933.6 proposes a preserved szechuan pickle harvester comprising: the harvesting assembly is arranged on the power assembly and is driven by the power assembly to linearly move forwards or backwards; the harvesting assembly includes: the vegetable leaf cutting device is arranged in a suspending manner and is positioned at the forefront of the hot pickled mustard tuber harvesting machine, and the vegetable leaf cutting device is arranged at the front of the hot pickled mustard tuber harvesting machine; the vegetable stem cutting and conveying device is positioned at the rear lower part of the vegetable leaf cutting device and is used for cutting off and conveying vegetable stems. The vegetable leaves are directly removed, and the vegetable leaf harvester is characterized in that the vegetable leaves are cut off by the front vegetable leaf cutting assembly, and then root cutting and harvesting are carried out by the aid of the reciprocating cutter, so that the vegetable leaf harvester has the following problems: 1) Because the overall shape of the tumor-shaped stem is approximately spherical or ellipsoidal, when the stem is cut and then the vegetable is cut off for harvesting the vegetable heads, the root of the vegetable head is difficult to cut off only by a reciprocating cutter in front of a lower bearing bottom plate after the stem leaves above are cut off, and the plant is easy to lodge; 2) Because the bottom of the neoplastic stems of the green vegetable heads is close to the soil surface, and part of the neoplastic stems is even slightly stuck to the soil surface, the reciprocating cutter does not have a proper cutting position in practice, namely the cutter contacts with the middle lower part of the neoplastic stems when the position is too high, so that the neoplastic stems are seriously damaged; too low a position causes the cutter to cut into the soil below the surface, so that the cutting resistance is huge, the cutter is extremely easy to damage, and simultaneously, the condition of soil accumulation during bulldozing is directly caused, so that the harvesting process is interrupted.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims at: aiming at the problems of soil accumulation in bulldozing, plant lodging and stem and leaf fracture commonly existing in the prior art, the hand-held self-propelled single-row green vegetable head harvester is provided with good adaptability, and can effectively avoid the phenomena of lodging, fracture and the like of green vegetable heads, thereby ensuring the harvesting quality.
In order to achieve the purpose, the basic technical scheme of the hand-held self-propelled single-row green vegetable head harvester is as follows: the device comprises a frame, wherein two sides of the front part of the frame are supported on front profiling wheels of a profiling adjusting device, and a V-shaped root cutting device is arranged between the two front profiling wheels;
The V-shaped root cutting device comprises a flat-edge disc cutter and a sawtooth disc cutter which are respectively positioned at the lower ends of two motor driving cutter mounting shafts, wherein the inner sides of the flat-edge disc cutter and the sawtooth disc cutter are declined to form a V shape, and the edge of the flat-edge disc cutter contacts the upper surface of the sawtooth disc cutter;
The rear side of the V-shaped root cutting device is connected with a three-way clamping and conveying device, the three-way clamping and conveying device comprises a front low back high bottom lifting conveyor belt which is connected with the rear sides of a Ping Ren disc cutter and a serrated disc cutter, and two front low back high clamp She Chuansong belts which are splayed in mouth and extend to the two sides above a flat blade disc cutter and the serrated disc cutter respectively, the two clamp blade conveyor belts respectively encircle a driving roller and a group of tensioning rollers driven by a conveying motor to form a clamping and conveying channel, and a tumor-containing stem interval is arranged between the bottom lifting conveyor belt and the lower edge of the clamp She Chuansong belt;
The three-way clamping conveying device comprises a three-way clamping conveying device, wherein the three-way clamping conveying device is characterized in that the rear end of the three-way clamping conveying device is provided with a leaf removing device, the leaf removing device comprises a pair of leaf cutting disc cutters, the rotary cutting faces of the leaf cutting disc cutters are located below a clamp She Chuansong and are parallel to the conveying direction of a lifting conveying belt, nail-carrying guide blade conveying belts which are distributed up and down and are provided with nail teeth at intervals are arranged above the rear of the leaf cutting disc cutters, the rotating direction of the nail-carrying guide blade conveying belts is perpendicular to the conveying direction of the lifting conveying belt, two ends of the nail-carrying guide blade conveying belts are respectively provided with a pair of vegetable She Tuo nail spring pieces which are pressed and held between the upper nail teeth and the lower nail teeth, and the rear lower part of the nail-carrying guide blade conveying belts are provided with a pair of spiral rollers which are wound with spiral sheets and a pair of leaf removing rollers which are meshed with the outer teeth.
The V-shaped root cutting device is characterized in that the flat-edge disc cutters and the saw-tooth disc cutters are distributed in a V shape in space, the cutting is carried out from two sides of the bottom of the green vegetable head tumor-shaped stem near the soil surface, the flat-edge disc cutters are slightly attached to the upper surface of the saw-tooth disc cutters, and the cutter disc is obviously higher than the horizontal reciprocating cutters, so that the root cutting operation can be effectively completed under the condition of not cutting into the soil surface or partially cutting into the soil surface, and the reliability of complete cutting of the root of the green vegetable head is ensured; the V-shaped openings are distributed, so that enough space is reserved above the vegetable head, damage of the cutter head to the neoplastic stems is effectively avoided, and the harvesting integrity of the vegetable heads is ensured.
During harvesting operation, the two V-shaped distributed disc cutters move along with the profile modeling to undulate, so that the contact area between the cutting and soil during entering soil is effectively reduced, soil is prevented from being bulldozed and choked, the energy consumption is reduced, and the cutting edge of the sawtooth cutter head is beneficial to guaranteeing automatic feeding in the root cutting process; after the root is cut, the three-way clamping conveying is carried by the upper green vegetable head and stem leaf clamping conveying belt and the bottom lifting conveying belt which are mutually matched, green vegetable head plants are clamped and conveyed to the upper rear side at a relatively consistent speed, the problems of special shape and large size difference of the tumor-shaped stems are properly solved, meanwhile, the acting force on the green vegetable head and stem leaves is remarkably reduced, the breakage of the green vegetable head and stem leaves is avoided, and the smoothness of the harvesting process is ensured. After that, the leaf cutting disc knife is driven by a corresponding motor, the continuity and the reliability of the leaf cutting process are ensured, the cut stems and leaves are continuously conveyed to one side of the rear guide vane conveying belt with nails through the clamp She Chuansong belt for unified collection treatment or returning to the field, the green vegetable heads after the stems and leaves are cut enter the rear for secondary leaf removal operation, roll backwards under the action of the spiral roller, and finish the secondary leaf removal operation under the action of the second-stage leaf removal roller. Finally, the green vegetable head plant is output after a series of procedures of root cutting, clamping and conveying, primary leaf cutting, secondary leaf removing and the like, and is directly used as a processing raw material of the preserved szechuan pickle.
Compared with the prior art, the hand-held self-propelled single-row green vegetable head harvester integrating the functions of root cutting, conveying, leaf removing, collecting and the like is designed according to the unique growth characteristics of green vegetable heads, and the harvesting mode of firstly supporting leaves, secondly cutting roots in situ and then carrying out three-way clamping conveying is adopted, so that plant lodging caused by cutting leaves firstly and then cutting the roots firstly and stem leaf breakage caused by pulling and then cutting the roots firstly are effectively avoided, and a plurality of harvesting problems of easy soil blocking, easy stem leaf breakage, difficult direct pulling and the like commonly existing in the prior art due to specific shape and large size difference of green vegetable head tumor-shaped stems are well solved.
The invention is further perfected that the upper end of the tensioning roller at the front end of the splayed flaring is provided with a multi-fingered impeller rotating along with the tensioning roller.
The invention is further perfected that a leaf stem guide cover plate with guide grooves formed by two side baffles is arranged above the two side clamps She Chuansong.
The invention is further perfected that the frame comprises a rear frame supported on the left travelling wheel and the right travelling wheel, the rear lower end of the front frame is hinged on the rear frame, and the front lower part of the rear frame is hinged with the middle lower part of the front frame through a telescopic push rod.
The invention is further perfected that the ratio of the distance from the walking wheel to the center of gravity to the distance from the front profile wheel to the center of gravity is 1: 4+/-0.2, wherein the gravity center is positioned between the travelling wheel and the front profiling wheel.
The invention is further perfected that the front profiling wheel is arranged on the frame through a profiling adjusting rod with adjustable lifting.
The invention is still further perfected that one side, facing the rotation direction, of the two sides of the triangular sawtooth cutting edge of the sawtooth disc cutter is in a radial extending direction.
Drawings
The invention will now be described in detail with reference to the drawings and examples.
Fig. 1 is a schematic perspective view of an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic plan view of the embodiment of fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is a side view of fig. 2.
Fig. 4 is a top view of fig. 2.
Fig. 5 is a schematic perspective exploded view of fig. 1.
Detailed Description
The specific structure of the hand-held self-propelled single-row green vegetable head harvester is shown in fig. 1 to 5, and the hand-held self-propelled single-row green vegetable head harvester comprises a profiling adjusting device 1, a V-shaped root cutting device 2, a three-way clamping and conveying device 3, a leaf removing device 4 and a frame 5.
The frame 5 comprises a rear frame 5-3 supported on left and right travelling wheels 5-4, the rear lower end of a front frame 5-1 is hinged on the rear frame 5-3, the front lower part of the rear frame 5-3 is hinged on the middle lower part of the front frame 5-1 through an electric push rod 5-2, a handrail 5-5 extending towards the rear upper part is arranged in the middle of the rear frame 5-3, a driving battery 5-7 and a green vegetable head collecting box 5-8 are arranged at the rear part, and a control panel 5-6 is arranged on the handrail 5-5. Because the front frame 5-1 is connected with the rear frame 5-3 through the electric push rod 5-2, the inclination angle of the front frame 5-1 can be adjusted by changing the extension length of the electric push rod 5-2, so that the flat-edge disc cutter 2-8 and the sawtooth disc cutter 2-9 in the V-shaped root cutting device 2 are basically parallel to the advancing direction, the bulldozing phenomenon is effectively avoided, and the energy consumption in the root cutting process is reduced; in addition, the walking wheel 5-4 is arranged on the rear frame 5-3, so that the gravity center of the whole machine is positioned between the walking wheel 5-4 and the front profiling wheel 1-1, the distance between the gravity center and the walking wheel 5-4 is obviously smaller than the distance between the gravity center and the front profiling wheel 1-1, and the distance ratio between the gravity center and the front profiling wheel 1-1 is 1: 4+/-0.2, ensuring that the load of the front profiling wheel 1-1 in the running process is small, and fully reflecting the fluctuation condition of the ground surface. During operation, an operator adjusts the travelling direction of the harvester through the handrails 5-5, and controls the starting and stopping of all motors of the whole harvester by utilizing the control panel 5-6, and the power supply of the whole harvester is provided by the driving battery 5-7.
The profiling adjusting device 1 mainly comprises front profiling wheels 1-1 which are supported on the front two sides of a frame 5 by a profiling adjusting rod 1-2 which can be adjusted in a lifting way. Because the front profiling wheel 1-1, the flat-edge disc cutter 2-8 and the saw-tooth disc cutter 2-9 on the profiling adjusting device 1 are basically on the same vertical plane, the height of the cutter from the ground can be automatically adjusted according to the fluctuation condition of the soil surface, and the root cutting position is ensured to be consistent.
A V-shaped root cutting device 2 is arranged between the two front profiling wheels 1-1, and the V-shaped root cutting device 2 comprises a pair of flat-edge disc cutters 2-8 and saw-tooth disc cutters 2-9 which are respectively positioned below a cutter mounting pressure plate 2-7 at the lower ends of two cutter mounting shafts 2-5; the cutter mounting shaft 2-5 is supported in a cutter aligning bearing seat 2-6 mounted on the frame 5, and is in transmission connection with the cutter driving motor 2-1 through a transmission mechanism formed by a cutter driving chain wheel 2-2, a cutter driving chain 2-3 and a cutter driven chain wheel 2-4 respectively; the inner sides of the flat-edge disc cutters 2-8 and the saw-tooth disc cutters 2-9 are inclined downwards and overlap each other, and one side, facing the rotation direction, of the two sides of the triangular saw-tooth cutting edge of the saw-tooth disc cutters 2-9 is in a radial extending direction, so that feeding is facilitated. Because the flat-edge disc cutters 2-8 and the sawtooth disc cutters 2-9 on the V-shaped root cutting device 2 are distributed in a V shape with the inner side declining, the included angle can be adjusted within the range of 120-180 degrees according to the size of the green vegetable head tumor-shaped stems and the height from the ground, and the sawtooth cutting edges of the sawtooth disc cutters 2-9 not only have cutting action, but also ensure the automatic feeding in the root cutting process, and the outer edges of the flat-edge disc cutters 2-8 are slightly attached to the upper surfaces of the sawtooth disc cutters 2-9, so that the root cutting process can smoothly and completely cut off the roots of the green vegetable heads.
The rear side of the V-shaped root cutting device 2 is connected with a three-way clamping and conveying device 3, the three-way clamping and conveying device 3 comprises a front low rear high bottom lifting conveyor belt 3-5 which is connected with the rear side of a Ping Ren disc cutter 2-8 and a serrated disc cutter 2-9 and is arranged on a bottom conveyor belt mounting frame 3-4, a front low rear high clamp She Chuansong belt 3-3 which extends to two sides above the flat edge disc cutter 2-8 and the serrated disc cutter 2-9 from the splayed flaring at the front end, and two side clamps She Chuansong belts 3-3 respectively encircle a driving roller and a group of tensioning rollers 3-2 which are driven by a conveying motor 3-7 to form a clamping and conveying channel; a tumor-containing stem interval is arranged between the bottom lifting conveyor belt 3-5 and the lower edge of the clamp She Chuansong belt 3-3; the upper end of a tensioning roller 3-2 at the front end of the splayed flaring is provided with a three-finger poking impeller 3-1 rotating along with the tensioning roller, and a leaf stem guide cover plate 3-6 with a guide groove formed by baffle plates at two sides is arranged above a two-side clamp She Chuansong belt 3-3.
The rear end of the three-way clamping and conveying device 3 is provided with a leaf removing device 4, the leaf removing device 4 comprises a pair of leaf cutting disc cutters 4-1 respectively driven by leaf removing cutter motors 4-4, the disc cutter planes of the two leaf cutting disc cutters 4-1 are positioned below a leaf clamping conveying belt 3-3 and parallel to the conveying direction of a lifting conveying belt 3-5, the rear upper part of the leaf cutting disc cutter 4-1 is provided with three vertically spaced nail-shaped guide vane conveying belts 4-2 driven by guide vane conveying belt motors 4-5, nail teeth are distributed on the nail-shaped guide vane conveying belts 4-2 at intervals, the rotation direction of the nail-shaped guide vane conveying belts is perpendicular to the conveying direction of the lifting conveying belt 3-5, two ends of the nail-shaped guide vane conveying belts 4-2 are respectively provided with dish She Tuo nail spring pieces 4-3 pressed between the upper nail teeth and the lower nail teeth, and a pair of spiral rollers 4-6 wound with spiral sheets and a pair of leaf removing rollers 4-7 meshed with external teeth are arranged below the rear of the nail-shaped guide vane conveying belts 4-2. A series of tensioning rollers 3-2 in the three-way clamping and conveying device 3 support the two-side clamps She Chuansong to form a horn mouth at the front end of tensioning, so that when harvesting operation is performed, scattered stems and leaves of green vegetable heads are gathered under the action of a poking impeller 3-1 and guided to a horn mouth of a conveying belt, at the moment, the stems and leaves of the green vegetable heads are clamped by the two-side clamps She Chuansong belt 3-3, then the root cutting operation is completed by the V-shaped root cutting device 2, and the stems and leaves of the green vegetable heads with roots completely cut are conveyed upwards along a leaf and stem guide cover plate 3-6 under the three-way clamping action of the two-side clamps She Chuansong belt 3-3 and a bottom lifting conveying belt 3-5; the first-stage leaf cutting disc knife 4-1 arranged at the tail end of the leaf clamping conveyor belt 3-3 cuts off most of stems and leaves below the conveyor belt, the cut stems and leaves are continuously and backwardly hung by the nail guide vane conveyor belt 4-2 under the action of the leaf clamping conveyor belt 3-3, the cut stems and leaves are conveyed to a single side of the harvester along with the nail guide vane conveyor belt 4-2 under the drive of the guide vane conveyor belt motor 4-5, and fall off from the nail guide vane conveyor belt 4-2 under the action of the nail spring piece 4-3 of the vegetable She Tuo, are effectively separated out and uniformly fall on the single side of the harvester to be collected and processed later; the green vegetable heads after the stems and leaves are cut by the leaf cutting disc cutter 4-1 enter the rear part to carry out secondary leaf removal operation, roll backwards under the action of the spiral roller 4-6, and finish secondary leaf removal She Zuoye under the action of the second-stage leaf removal roller 4-7; finally, the green vegetable head plants fall into the green vegetable head collecting box 5-8 after a series of procedures of root cutting, clamping and conveying, primary leaf cutting, secondary leaf removing and the like, and can be directly used as the processing raw materials of the hot pickled mustard tuber.
Before harvesting, firstly, a profiling wheel 1-1 on a profiling adjusting device 1 is adjusted to enable a flat-edge disc cutter 2-8 and a sawtooth disc cutter 2-9 to be close to the bottom of a neoplastic stem, and a front profiling wheel 1-1 and mounting shafts of the flat-edge disc cutter 2-8 and the sawtooth disc cutter 2-9 are basically on the same vertical plane, so that the height of the cutter from the ground can be automatically adjusted according to the fluctuation condition of a soil surface, and the neoplastic stem is ensured not to be damaged in the root cutting process; secondly, a control panel 5-6 is used for connecting a driving battery 5-7 to supply power to the whole machine, the rotation speed of a disc cutter 2-8 and a saw-tooth disc cutter 2-9 is adjusted, and the inclination angle of a front frame 5-1 is adjusted through an electric push rod 5-2, so that the flat-blade disc cutter 2-8 and the saw-tooth disc cutter 2-9 in the V-shaped root cutting device 2 are basically overlapped with the advancing direction, and the bulldozing condition is reduced to reduce the energy consumption in the root cutting process; the travelling speed of the travelling wheels 5-4 on the rear frame 5-3 is adjusted; the operator then adjusts the direction of travel of the harvester using the armrest 5-5.
When harvesting operation is started, the impeller 3-1 gathers stems and leaves of green vegetable heads and guides the stems and leaves to the rear clamp She Chuansong belt 3-3, the leaf clamping conveyor belt 3-3 is in a horn mouth shape under the action of a series of tensioning rollers 3-2 so as to guide and clamp the stems and leaves of the green vegetable heads, and meanwhile, the outer edge of the flat-edge disc cutter 2-8 in the V-shaped root cutting device 2 is slightly attached to the upper surface of the sawtooth disc cutter 2-9, so that the root cutting process can smoothly and completely cut off the roots of the green vegetable heads; the cutting edges of the saw-tooth disc cutters 2-9 face inwards, a certain inward cutting force is provided in the root cutting process, the green vegetable heads are prevented from falling down after being pushed away by the cutter disc, and the automatic feeding performance and stability in the root cutting process are ensured; the cutters distributed in the V shape ensure the integrity of cutting roots, avoid excessive contact between the cutter disc and soil, and solve the problem that the fixed blade bulldozes in the process of pushing the cutting roots. The stem leaves of the green vegetables with the roots completely cut off are conveyed upwards along the stem guide cover plate 3-6 under the three-way clamping action of the two side clamps She Chuansong with the 3-3 and the bottom lifting conveyor belt 3-5; the three-way clamping and conveying operation mode of the two sides of the green vegetable head stem leaves and the bottom of the tumor-shaped stem is selected, and the three-way clamping and conveying device clamps and conveys the green vegetable head plants to the upper part from the two sides of the green vegetable head stem leaves and the bottom of the tumor-shaped stem at a relatively consistent speed, so that the harvesting problems of irregular shape and large size difference of the tumor-shaped stem are skillfully solved; according to the characteristic that the stems and leaves of the green vegetable heads are fragile and easy to break, the harvesting mode of firstly cutting roots and then conveying is adopted, the situation that the stems and leaves are pulled out and broken and the tumor-shaped stems are not pulled up is effectively avoided, and the harvesting rate of mechanical harvesting of the green vegetable heads is effectively guaranteed. The green vegetable heads after root cutting are conveyed upwards along the leaf and stem guide cover plate 3-6 under the three-way clamping effect, most of the stems and leaves are cut off by a first-stage leaf cutting disc cutter 4-1 arranged at the tail end of the leaf clamping conveyor belt 3-3, the cut stems and leaves are conveyed backwards under the effect of the leaf clamping conveyor belt 3-3, then are hung by the nail guide blade conveyor belt 4-2 and conveyed to a single side (right side) of the harvester along with the nail guide blade conveyor belt 4-2, and fall off from the nail guide blade conveyor belt 4-2 under the effect of the vegetable She Tuo nail spring piece 4-3, and fall on the single side of the harvester uniformly to be convenient for collection and subsequent treatment. The green vegetable heads which are cut off by the first-stage leaf cutting disc cutter 4-1 enter the rear part to carry out secondary leaf removing operation, roll backwards under the action of the spiral roller 4-6, and carry out secondary leaf removing operation under the action of the second-stage leaf removing roller 4-7, and in the rolling and pushing processes, the rest stems and leaves of the whole bodies of the green vegetable heads are orderly rolled into the leaf removing roller 4-7 to be completely removed, and the leaf removing roller is provided with a certain elastic rubber edge, so that the stems and leaves of the green vegetable heads can be clamped and removed by rolling, and the green vegetable head tumor-shaped stems are not damaged. The green vegetable head plants fall into the green vegetable head collecting box 5-8 after a series of procedures of root cutting, clamping and conveying, primary leaf cutting, secondary leaf removing and the like, and are directly used as the processing raw materials of the hot pickled mustard tuber.
In a word, the green vegetable head harvester of this embodiment has solved a great deal of results difficult problem that prior art failed to solve properly, is fit for the growth characteristic of green vegetable head, can high-efficient realization green vegetable head's mechanized results of high quality. In addition to the embodiments described above, other embodiments of the invention are possible. Equivalent substitutions or equivalent transformations are all the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. The utility model provides a hand self-propelled single file green vegetable head harvester, includes frame (5), its characterized in that: front profiling wheels (1-1) of the profiling adjusting device (1) are supported on two sides of the front part of the frame, and a V-shaped root cutting device (2) is arranged between the front profiling wheels; the machine frame comprises a rear machine frame supported on left and right travelling wheels, the rear machine frame is hinged with the rear lower end of a front machine frame, the front lower part of the rear machine frame is hinged with the middle lower part of the front machine frame through an electric push rod, the middle part of the rear machine frame is provided with a handrail extending towards the rear upper part, the rear part of the rear machine frame is provided with a driving battery and a green vegetable head collecting box, and the handrail is provided with a control panel;
The V-shaped root cutting device comprises a flat-edge disc cutter (2-8) and a sawtooth disc cutter (2-9) which are respectively positioned at the lower ends of two motor driving cutter mounting shafts, wherein the inner sides of the flat-edge disc cutter and the sawtooth disc cutter are declined to form a V shape, and the edge of the flat-edge disc cutter contacts the upper surface of the sawtooth disc cutter;
The rear side of the V-shaped root cutting device is connected with a three-way clamping and conveying device (3), the three-way clamping and conveying device comprises a front low rear high bottom lifting conveyor belt (3-5) which is connected with the rear sides of a Ping Ren disc cutter and a serrated disc cutter, two front low rear high clamping She Chuansong belts (3-3) which are splayed in flaring and extend to the two sides above a flat blade disc cutter and the serrated disc cutter respectively, the two clamping blade conveyor belts respectively encircle a driving roller and a group of tensioning rollers (3-2) driven by a conveying motor (3-7), a clamping and conveying channel is formed, and a tumor-containing stem interval is formed between the bottom lifting conveyor belt and the lower edge of a clamp She Chuansong belt;
The three-way clamping conveying device comprises a three-way clamping conveying device, wherein a leaf removing device (4) is arranged at the rear end of the three-way clamping conveying device, the leaf removing device comprises a pair of leaf cutting disc cutters (4-1) with rotary cutting surfaces positioned below a clamp She Chuansong and parallel to the conveying direction of a lifting conveying belt, nail guide blade conveying belts (4-2) which are arranged up and down and are provided with nail teeth at intervals are arranged above the rear part of the leaf cutting disc cutters, the rotation direction of the nail guide blade conveying belts is perpendicular to the conveying direction of the lifting conveying belt, vegetable She Tuo nail spring pieces which are pressed between the upper nail teeth and the lower nail teeth are respectively arranged at the two ends of the nail guide blade conveying belts, and a pair of spiral rollers (4-6) which are wound with spiral sheets and a pair of leaf removing rollers (4-7) meshed with the outer teeth below the nail guide blade conveying belts are arranged below the back lower part of the nail guide blade conveying belts.
2. The hand propelled single row green head harvester of claim 1, wherein: the upper end of the tensioning roller at the front end of the splayed flaring is provided with a multi-fingered impeller rotating along with the tensioning roller.
3. The hand propelled single row green head harvester of claim 2, wherein: the upper part of the two side clamps She Chuansong is provided with a leaf and stem guide cover plate with guide grooves formed by two side baffles.
4. The hand propelled single row green head harvester of claim 1, wherein: the ratio of the distance from the travelling wheel to the center of gravity to the distance from the front profile wheel to the center of gravity is 1: 4+/-0.2, wherein the gravity center is positioned between the travelling wheel and the front profiling wheel.
5. The hand propelled single row green head harvester of claim 4, wherein: the front profiling wheel is arranged on the frame through a profiling adjusting rod with adjustable lifting.
6. The hand propelled single row green head harvester of claim 1, wherein: and one side, facing the rotation direction, of two sides of the triangular sawtooth cutting edge of the sawtooth disc cutter is in a radial extending direction.
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| CN112703879B (en) * | 2021-01-06 | 2023-01-31 | 酒泉市农业科学研究院 | Onion harvesting device |
| CN112956331B (en) * | 2021-02-02 | 2022-10-25 | 农业农村部南京农业机械化研究所 | Cabbage harvester |
| CN113099816A (en) * | 2021-04-16 | 2021-07-13 | 浙江省农业科学院 | Self-propelled tuber mustard tuber stalk harvester |
| CN113207422A (en) * | 2021-04-16 | 2021-08-06 | 江苏大学 | Unordered compact planting broccoli harvester with intelligent cutting function |
| CN113303081A (en) * | 2021-05-18 | 2021-08-27 | 华中农业大学 | Gantry type harvester for rape bolts |
| CN113748845B (en) * | 2021-10-15 | 2023-03-28 | 河南科技大学 | Handheld peony pod picking machine for oil |
| CN114586537A (en) * | 2022-03-11 | 2022-06-07 | 福建省农业机械化研究所(福建省机械科学研究院） | Double-disc type rooting device |
| CN114651605B (en) * | 2022-03-31 | 2023-02-10 | 金华市农业科学研究院(浙江省农业机械研究院) | Vegetable head harvester with impurity removing mechanism |
| CN114747358B (en) * | 2022-05-09 | 2023-01-20 | 重庆市农业科学院 | Green vegetable head harvesting device |
| CN116158258A (en) * | 2023-04-03 | 2023-05-26 | 山东大学 | Intelligent harvesting device and method for hanging type ball-forming leaf vegetables |
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| CN211240844U (en) * | 2019-11-07 | 2020-08-14 | 农业农村部南京农业机械化研究所 | Hand-held self-propelled single-row green vegetable head harvester |
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| JPH08331958A (en) * | 1995-06-12 | 1996-12-17 | Sasaki Corp:Kk | Leaf cutter in rootcrop harvester |
| CN104067761B (en) * | 2014-05-22 | 2016-02-03 | 宁波特能机电有限公司 | A kind of hot pickled mustard tube grain header |
| CN104350872A (en) * | 2014-09-23 | 2015-02-18 | 山东理工大学 | Lily clamping, digging, soil patting, root cutting and seedling cutting harvester |
| CN104838794A (en) * | 2015-01-31 | 2015-08-19 | 新疆文彦高科机电设备有限公司 | Self-propelled beet leaf cutting, top cutting and leaf harvesting |
| CN208891202U (en) * | 2018-08-23 | 2019-05-24 | 重庆市科诚电机制造有限公司 | Mustard harvester |
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